【英语】2020届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题学案之一

【英语】2020届二轮复习短文语法填空原创试题学案之一

‎2020届二轮复习 短文语法填空原创试题学案之一 ‎ 【一】‎ ‎ I had to visit my sister in another town because her husband was very ill. My whole family couldn't go because school __1__ (be) in session. My children stayed back in their father's care, except for the __2__ (young). I was nervous taking a train journey alone with my one－year－old daughter. However, I gathered all my courage and boarded the train.‎ It was __3__ (surprise) that there were only three other passengers in that carriage, two old ladies and a young man. My daughter was crying, missing her dad. I tried to comfort her, giving her water and some biscuits, __4__ her crying wouldn't stop.‎ Just then the young man offered __5__ (take) my baby into his arms. He stood with her near the window and started talking to her in a soft voice. My daughter stopped crying __6__ (gradual). I was both surprised and relieved. __7__ stranger handed my daughter back once she was asleep. During the long train journey this young man continuously helped me. He fed my baby, sang to her and told her countless __8__ (story). I arrived at my destination, rested and grateful for this man __9__ had come to my rescue.‎ After so many years, I still remember this stranger on the train with a __10__ (thank) heart.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 答案及解析： 本文讲述的是作者坐火车去另外一个城镇探望她妹妹时的经历。‎ ‎1．was　考查时态。根据全文的时态，可知此处应用一般过去时态。‎ ‎2．youngest　考查形容词。结合语境，可知此处表示最小的孩子。‎ ‎3．surprising　考查词形转换。在系动词后应填形容词，且表示“令人惊讶的”，故填surprising。‎ ‎4．but　考查连词。结合语义，前后两句之间为转折关系，故填but。‎ ‎5．to take　考查动词。offer to do sth. 表示“主动提出做某事”，故填to take。‎ ‎6．gradually　考查词形转换。此处应填副词修饰stopped crying。‎ ‎7．The　考查冠词。上文提到过“陌生人”，因此应填“the”表特指。‎ ‎8．stories　考查名词。countless意为“无数的”，修饰名词复数。‎ ‎9．that/who　考查定语从句。从句中无主语，且先行词为人，故填that/who。‎ ‎10．thankful　考查词形转换。空前是“a”，空后是名词，故填形容词thankful修饰heart。‎ ‎【二】‎ Body and Food Our body, which has close relations with the food that we eat __1__ our daily life, is the most important thing that we own, so our body__2__ (need) proper treatment and proper nourishment (营养). ‎ The old saying “An apple a day keeps the doctor away” is not as silly as some people think. The body needs fruit__3__ vegetables, such as apples, pears, bananas, carrots and cabbages, because they contain vitamin C, __4__ is very necessary and important to us all. It's clear that a lack of vitamin C can make people ill and weak easily. ‎ In order to get enough needed vitamins, many people take extra vitamins in pill form，__5__ (believe) that these will make them __6__ (health). But a good diet is made up of nourishing food and this gives all the vitamins that we need. The body doesn't need or use extra vitamins, so why waste money on them?‎ Nowadays many people are too busy to bother about eating properly. They throw anything into their __7__ (stomach), eating something carelessly and __8__ (hurried). The list of illnesses __9__ (cause)or made ‎ worse by bad eating habits is frightening. It is high time we should realize the importance of having a good diet. If not, it is impossible for __10__ (we) to keep fit and strong.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文为说明文，讲述的是我们的身体与我们每天的饮食之间的关系。‎ ‎1．in　考查介词。in our daily life为固定短语，意为“在日常生活中”。‎ ‎2．needs　考查动词时态。根据全文可以判断该文用的是一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。‎ ‎3．and　考查连词。fruit与vegetables之间为并列关系，故填and。‎ ‎4．which　考查非限制性定语从句。从句中没有主语且指物。‎ ‎5．believing　考查非谓语动词。believe与句子主语之间为主动关系且表示伴随。‎ ‎6．healthy　考查词形转换。“make＋宾语＋宾补”，此处用形容词作宾补。‎ ‎7．stomachs　考查名词的用法。stomach的复数应直接加“s”。‎ ‎8．hurriedly　考查词形转换。and连接两个副词，故用hurriedly。‎ ‎9．caused　考查非谓语动词作定语修饰illnesses，两者之间为被动关系。‎ ‎10．us　考查代词。介词后面应为宾格形式。故填us。‎ ‎【三】‎ The woman often called the First Lady of New York died on August. Brooke Astor was one hundred and five years old. The extremely wealthy and famous New Yorker spent much of her life __1__ (help) the needy in her beloved city.‎ She was born in Portsmouth, New Hampshire. She was the only child of a high level military officer. After two earlier __2__ (marry), she married Vincent Astor in 1953 again. He came from a family __3__ had been rich for at least one hundred years. Among other things, he owed many buildings in New York City. Brooke Astor became one of the __4__ (rich) women in the world when Vincent Astor died. She also became head of a huge charity organization __5__ (found) by her husband. He repeatedly had told her she would have fun giving __6__ his money. And apparently she did. Miss Astor gave tens of millions of dollars __7__ (main) to places and people in New York City. She said it was the sensible choice because that was __8__ the money had been made. She gave financial support to the city's cultural centers, the poor and disabled as __9__ as to many other smaller charities. When she died, the mayor of New York said the city would not be what it is today __10__ her support.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述的是一位105岁高龄的女士的个人生平，她为纽约做出了很大的贡献。‎ ‎1．helping　考查非谓语动词。spend sometime doing sth.“花费……做某事”，故填helping。‎ ‎2．marriages　考查词形转换。two earlier修饰名词且为复数。‎ ‎3．that/which　考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语，且指物。‎ ‎4．richest　考查形容词的比较等级。the后应用最高级。‎ ‎5．founded　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处作定语修饰organization。‎ ‎6．away　考查固定短语。give away意为“馈赠，捐赠”。‎ ‎7．mainly　考查词形转换。分析语法及语义可知，此处填副词修饰动词。‎ ‎8．where　考查表语从句。从句中缺少语义，即金钱被造的地方，故填where。‎ ‎9．well　考查固定短语。as well as意为“除了……之外，还……”。‎ ‎10．without　考查介词。结合语义可知，此处表示没有她的支持，纽约城不会是现在的样子。‎ ‎【四】‎ The adobe dwellings (土坯房)__61__ (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even__62__ most modern of architects and engineers. In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their__63__ (able) to “air condition” a house without __64__ (use) electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat __65__ (slow) during cool nights, thus warming the house. When a new day breaks, the walls have given up their heat and are now cold enough __66__ (cool) the house during the hot day; __67__ the same time, they warm up again for the night. This cycle __68__ (go) day after day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night and are thus always a timely offset (抵消) for the outside temperatures. As __69__ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly __70__ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.‎ ‎61．built。空格所在句中“are admired”是谓语，故考查非谓语形式，位于名词之后且两者为被动关系，可知答案。‎ ‎62．the。空格后是最高级修饰名词，故考查形容词最高级的用法。‎ ‎63．ability。空前为形容词性物主代词，可推知此处考查词性转换。‎ ‎64．using。空格位于介词之后，应填名词或动名词形式。‎ ‎65．slowly。根据句意可知此处考查词性转换，“慢慢地释放”，故填副词。‎ ‎66．to_cool。考查固定句式“enough to do sth.”。‎ ‎67．at。考查固定短语，此处为介词。‎ ‎68．goes ‎。根据句子结构可知，此处填谓语，注意时态、语态、主谓一致。‎ ‎69．natural。考查词性转换，修饰名词应填形容词。‎ ‎70．how。根据句式结构，此处应填连词，且后面为形容词，故可知答案。‎ ‎【五】‎ A father sat at his desk looking at and carefully studying his __1__ (month) bill when his young son rushed in and announced. “Dad, because this is your birthday and you are 55 years old, I'm going to give you 55 kisses, one for each year！”__2__ the father exclaimed, “Oh, Peter, don't do it now. I'm too busy！”‎ The boy immediately fell __3__ (silence) as tears rolled down from his big blue eyes. The father said, “You can finish later.”‎ The boy said nothing but __4__ (quiet) walked away, __5__ (disappoint) written over his face. That evening the father said, “Come and finish the kisses now, Peter！” But the boy didn't respond.‎ ‎__6__ (fortunate), the boy had an accident and was drowned. His heartbroken father wrote, “If only I __7__ tell him how much I regret my thoughtless words and make sure that he knows how much my heart is aching.”‎ Love is a twoway street. Any loving act must be __8__ (warm) accepted. Nothing is more __9__ (importance) than responding with love to the cry for love from those __10__ are near and precious to us.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述了这样一个故事：一个小男孩在父亲55岁生日时想给父亲55个吻，但这位父亲因太忙叫儿子等以后有空再吻。后来这个小男孩不幸溺水身亡，父亲伤心欲绝。故事告诫我们，对于那些在我们身边，对我们弥足珍贵的人，要用爱去回应他们爱的渴望，这再重要不过了。‎ ‎1．‎ monthly　空前为形容词性物主代词，空后为名词，可知空格处填形容词。‎ ‎2．But　考查上下文逻辑关系。根据词意可知，此处表示转折关系。‎ ‎3．silent　fell为系动词，后面跟形容词作表语，故应填silent。‎ ‎4．quietly　修饰动词应该用副词形式，故应填quietly。‎ ‎5．disappointment　根据written over his face可知此处为“名词＋分词”独立主格形式作状语。‎ ‎6．Unfortunately　位于句首，应填副词作状语来修饰说明整个句子的内容。‎ ‎7．could　考查if only后跟虚拟语气。从句中表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，故填could。‎ ‎8．warmly　修饰动词accepted，应该用副词形式。‎ ‎9．important　系动词后应跟形容词作表语，more important为比较级。‎ ‎10．who　考查定语从句，从句中缺少主语且指人，故应填who。‎ ‎【六】‎ Yangshuo, China It was raining lightly when I __61__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn. But I didn't care. A few hours __62__， I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with __63__ (it) choking smog. Here, the air was clean and fresh, even with the rain.‎ I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __64__are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __65__(painting). Instead, I'd headed straight for Yangshuo. For those who fly to Guilin, it's only an hour away __66__ car and offers all the scenery of the betterknown city.‎ ‎ Yangshuo__67__(be) really beautiful. A study of travelers __68__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia. Abercrombie & Kent, a travel ‎ company in Hong Kong, says it __69__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __70__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong.‎ ‎61．arrived。根据空格所在位置，此处填谓语，需考虑时态、语态及主谓一致。‎ ‎62．before/earlier。根据空格所在位置可知，此处考查副词，结合句子时态，确定答案。‎ ‎63．its。介词with后，名词前，可知此处填形容词性物主代词。‎ ‎64．that/which。空前空后均是句子，可知此处填连词，根据从句的位置判断从句类型，再按该从句的连词选择方法确定答案。‎ ‎65．paintings。空前many为关键信息。‎ ‎66．by。名词前句子与此空从结构上无关，故可知此处填介词，结合语义可知答案。‎ ‎67．is。根据空格位置可知此处填谓语，结合本段的时态以及语态和主谓一致确定答案。‎ ‎68．conducted。该句中已经有谓语“names”，可知此处应填非谓语。空格在名词后，可知此处考查非谓语作定语。判断该动词与被修饰词之间的关系。‎ ‎69．regularly。根据空格位置及语义可知此处应填副词。‎ ‎70．living。同第68题。‎ ‎【七】‎ Visitors to Britain may find the __1__ (good) place to enjoy local culture is in a __2__ (tradition) pub. A team of researchers have revealed some of the __3__ (know) culture of British pubs—starting with the difficulty of getting a drink. This may sound __4__ (convenient), but there is a hidden meaning.‎ Pub culture is formed to improve sociability in a society that is known for its coldness. Standing at the bar for service allows you to chat with others who are waiting to be served. The bar counter is __5__ (possible) the only place in Britain where a __6__ (friend) talk with strangers is considered to be __7__ (entire) proper and really quite normal behavior. __8__， if you do not follow the local rules, the experience may ‎ fall flat. For example, if you are in a big group, it is best for one or two people to go to buy the drinks. Nothing makes the regular customers and bar staff angry __9__ (much) than a group of __10__ (strange) blocking all passages to the bar while they chat and hesitate about what to order.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述的是当地的酒吧是领略英国传统文化的最佳去处。‎ ‎1．best　考查形容词最高级的用法。根据语境分析可知，此处暗含了一定的范围，即“在英国”，应该填提示词的最高级形式best。‎ ‎2．traditional　考查派生词的用法。分析句子成分可知，此处应该填一个形容词作定语，修饰名词pub，所以填提示词的形容词形式traditional。‎ ‎3．unknown　考查派生词的用法。根据上文中的“revealed (揭示)”可知，此处应该表示“不为人知的”，因此填提示词的形容词形式unknown，在句中作定语。‎ ‎4．inconvenient　考查派生词的用法。根据语境此处填写convenient的反义词，在句中作表语。‎ ‎5．possibly　考查派生词的用法。此处在句中修饰系动词，作状语，应该填提示词的副词形式possibly。‎ ‎6．friendly　考查派生词的用法。根据语境“与陌生人友好的交谈”可知，此处在句中作定语，填提示词的形容词形式friendly。‎ ‎7．entirely　考查派生词的用法。此处在句中作状语，修饰形容词proper，填提示词的副词形式entirely。‎ ‎8．However　考查副词的用法。根据语境可知，上下文之间为转折关系，且空格处用逗号与句子其他部分隔开，所以填表示转折关系的副词however。‎ ‎9．more　考查副词比较级的用法。根据后面的than可知，此处填提示词的比较级形式more。‎ ‎10．strangers　根据横线所在的位置可知此处应填名词词性，“‎ a group of”修饰名词复数，故填strangers。‎ ‎【八】‎ Mr Johnson lived in the woods with his wife and children. He owned __16__ farm, which looked almost abandoned. __17__ (lucky), he also had a cow which produced milk every day. He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby __18__ other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what __19__(leave). The cow was their only means of support, in fact. One day, the cow was eating grass __20__ it began to rain heavily. While making great efforts to run away, she __21__ (fall) over the hill and died. Then the Johnsons had to make a living __22__ the cow. In order to support his family, Mr Johnson began to plant herbs and vegetables. Since the plants took a while to grow, he started cutting down trees __23__ (sell) the wood. Thinking about his children's clothes, he started growing cotton too. When harvest came around, he was already selling herbs, vegetables and cotton in the market __24__ people from the towns met regularly. Now it occurred to__25__ that his farm had much potential and that the death of the cow was a bit of luck.‎ ‎16．a。根据空格位置在动词与可数名词单数之间可知，考查冠词。‎ ‎17．Luckily。位于句首的空格用逗号隔开，可知考查副词修饰整个句子。‎ ‎18．for。从整句话分析，此处考查介词且与exchange构成固定搭配。‎ ‎19．was_left。连词后面没有谓语，故考查谓语，注意考虑时态语态和主谓一致。‎ ‎20．when。在两个句子中间的空格应考查连词用法，此处为固定句式。‎ ‎21．fell。在主语之后，且该句无谓语，可知此题考查谓语动词，与died并列。‎ ‎22．without。根据空格的位置和语意，可知此处考查介词。‎ ‎23．to_sell ‎。该句中已有谓语且无连词，可知此处填非谓语，根据语义可知此处表目的。‎ ‎24．where。空前后均是句子，故应填连词，且位于名词之后，可考虑定语从句的关系词。‎ ‎25．him。根据句式分析，此处考查固定句子“It occurs to sb. that...”。‎ ‎【九】‎ The finalterm examinations are coming and each boy and each girl ___1___ (look) forward to the coming holiday. However, John as well as the other children who ___2___ (have) no parents ___3___ (take) good care of in the centre at present. They have no relatives. As we all know, every student all wants to spend the holidays by ___4___ (travel) to the famous ___5___ (place) of interest. When and where to go for the holiday ___6___ (not decide) yet. But John and his friends would like to go to California, ___7___ onethird of the state ___8___ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens ___9___ (be) black people. On thinking of it, John and his friends feel very happy and they all try their best ___10___ (prepare) for the coming exam.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述的是关于John和他的朋友们的一些情况以及准备即将到来的假期的一些打算。‎ ‎1．is looking　根据空格位置可知此处考查谓语，主语“each＋n.＋and＋each＋n.”谓语用单数，根据语境填现在进行时态。‎ ‎2．have　根据定语从句谓语应与先行词一致可知此处填have。‎ ‎3．is taken　根据主谓一致原则，“A＋as well as＋B”这一结构中谓语取决于A，且“take care of”与John之间为被动关系，故填is taken。‎ ‎4．travelling/traveling　介词by后加动名词。‎ ‎5．places　“名胜古迹”应该是“places of interest”。‎ ‎6．hasn't been ‎ decided　根据主谓一致原则，主语是不定式结构，谓语动词用单数且根据主谓之间的关系，应用被动，由“yet”可知用现在完成时态。‎ ‎7．where　此处考查非限制性定语从句。从句中不缺主语和宾语，且先行词为地点，故填where。‎ ‎8．is　根据主谓一致原则，“分数或百分数修饰名词”时，谓语动词取决于被修饰名词的单复数，故填is。‎ ‎9．are　参见上题解析。‎ ‎10．to prepare　考查固定用法“try one's best to do”，尽力做某事。‎ ‎【十】‎ Wife：It's Friday today. How do you want to spend the evening, darling?‎ Husband：Well, why not go ___1___ (dance)? We haven't done that for a long time.‎ Wife：Oh, to tell the ___2___， I don't really feel like going dancing tonight. I had a hard day and I'm sort of tired. What's more, I ___3___ (suppose) to go rock climbing with my colleague Dorothy tomorrow morning.‎ Husband：Well, in that ___4___， we could go to the new movie Life of Pi, by that worldfamous ___5___ (direct) Ang Lee. I really like his work, which will stop showing the day after tomorrow.‎ Wife：Oh, we go to the movies too much. Can't we do something different for a ___6___， honey?‎ Husband：Well, do you have any ___7___ (suggest)?‎ Wife：Let me see. How do you feel about asking some friends over to play cards?‎ Husband：It's OK with me, ___8___ we don't have any beer or anything to eat at home.‎ Wife：Well, ___9___ is better to call Juliet and ask her and that neighbor of hers, David, to come over, and I'll go to the store and buy some food and drinks.‎ Husband：OK.That's ___10___ good idea.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述的是夫妻二人商量如何度周末。‎ ‎1．dancing　考查固定用法go dancing。‎ ‎2．truth　考查“to tell the truth”这一固定用法。‎ ‎3．am supposed　考查语态。“I”与“suppose”之间为被动关系，be supposed to“应该”。‎ ‎4．case　考查固定用法。“in that case”“在那种情况下”。‎ ‎5．director　考查名词。且根据“Ang Lee”可知此处表示人，故填director。‎ ‎6．change　根据语境可知此处填change。语意：我们难道不能换不同的事情做吗？‎ ‎7．suggestions　考查名词。此处any表示“一些”的意思，故用复数。‎ ‎8．but　考查上下文逻辑关系。上下文表示转折。‎ ‎9．it　考查it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语的结构。‎ ‎10．a　考查固定搭配。“That's a good idea”表示赞同。‎ ‎【十一】‎ Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?‎ ‎ In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It__61__ (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it___62___ (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of ___63___most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.‎ But the river wasn't changed in a few days___64___even a fewmonths. It took years of work ___65___(reduce) the industrial pollutionand clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now thewater in the river is ___66___(clean) than ever.‎ Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have ahabit___67___ is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too ‎ muchor don't know how to control your credit card use. When you face suchan impossible situation, don't you want a quick fix andsomething tochange immediately?‎ While there are ___68___ (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the ___69___ (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort andwork, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be ___70___ (patience)．‎ Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。‎ 本文讲述的是通过一个城市清理工业污染的例子，说明这样一个道理：只要我们坚持不懈，我们就可以做成那些看似不可能的事情。‎ Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。‎ ‎61．was。根据结构可知填谓语，即恰当的时态。‎ ‎62．actually。根据空格位置可知，此处修饰caught。‎ ‎63．the。根据空后面的most outstanding为最高级，可知答案。‎ ‎64．or。本句为否定句，且前后两部分为并列结构，可知答案。‎ ‎65．to_reduce。根据前面的took可推断，此处填非谓语，另外考查固定结构。‎ ‎66.cleaner。下文中的than ever为关键信息。‎ ‎67．that/which。根据“have”和“is driving”可知，此处填连词，另名词后的从句为定语从句，且从句中没有主语。‎ ‎68．amazing。本题在名词之前，应用adj.作定语。‎ ‎69．changes。定冠词the后应为名词，且谓语是are及require可知答案。‎ ‎70．patient。be动词之后应该为形容词。‎ ‎【十二】‎ When he was a little boy, Christopher Cookerell once watched his mother turn the wheel of her sewingmachine with her hand.‎ ‎“Wouldn't it work quickly if a machine ___1___ (turn) the wheel for you？” he asked. “I suppose it would，” said his mother, ___2___ paying him any attention.‎ Christopher knew she always ___3___ (have) a lot of work, and he ‎ wanted to help her. Up in his bedroom there was a toy steamengine which his father ___4___ (buy) him as a gift. “I will make better use of it，” little Christopher said to himself. So, when his mother ___5___ (not use) her sewingmachine, he fixed the toy steamengine onto it. When the job ___6___ (finish), he was quite pleased, thinking his mother ___7___ (like) it.‎ ‎“Very clever，” his mother said when she saw it. Then she sat down and went on ___8___ (turn) the wheel by hand. “I ___9___ (work) like this for too many years，” she explained.‎ This taught Christopher Cookerell the lesson that anyone who tries to improve anything ___10___ (have) to learn：many people don't like new ideas.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文通过Christopher Cookerell帮助他母亲改善缝纫机一事，给他上了人生的一堂课：很多人不喜欢新的想法。‎ ‎1．turned　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，条件状语从句中缺谓语动词，从主句中的“wouldn't”判断应该用相应的虚拟语气。‎ ‎2．without　考查语义理解。句意：母亲没太在意他，说：“我认为是这样的。”‎ ‎3．had　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，根据主句谓语动词的时态可知，用一般过去时。‎ ‎4．had bought　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，定语从句中缺谓语动词，根据语境可知，buy所表示的动作发生在主句谓语动词之前，所以用过去完成时。‎ ‎5．wasn't using　考查谓语动词的用法。表示在母亲不使用缝纫机时，他把玩具蒸汽机固定在缝纫机上，故用过去进行时态。‎ ‎6．was finished　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，时间状语从句中缺谓语动词，由于主语“the job”‎ 和动词finish之间为被动关系，且叙述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。‎ ‎7．would like　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，宾语从句中缺谓语动词，表示“将会喜欢”，根据句子谓语动词的时态可知应用过去将来时。‎ ‎8．turning　考查固定搭配。“go on doing sth.”表示继续做某事。‎ ‎9．have been working　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知，此处缺谓语动词，根据句意“我这么多年来一直都是这样做的(指用手转动轮子)”表示从过去某时开始到现在一直发生的动作或状态，用现在完成进行时。‎ ‎10．has　考查谓语动词的用法。分析句子成分可知that引导的同位语从句中缺谓语动词，主语是anyone，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，由who tries to...及many people don't like...可知，此处应该用一般现在时。‎ ‎【十三】‎ One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about ___41___ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42___ some of them looked very anxious and ___43___ (disappoint). When the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ___44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ___45___ (catch) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ___46___ (stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ___47___ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “___48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop？” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh dear! It's ___49___ (I)．” She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully. Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ___50___ (sudden)‎ ‎ became friendly to one another.‎ 本文讲述的是一件小事改变了人们对彼此的态度。‎ ‎41．being。“worried about”表示担忧，介词后面应该跟名词或动名词。‎ ‎42．and。空前为句子，空后亦是句子，由此判断中间需填连词。‎ ‎43．disappointed。and连接两个并列的成分，前面anxious为形容词可知答案。disappoint的形容词有两个，应填disappointed，修饰人。‎ ‎44．to。根据语义此处应为固定短语表示“紧挨着窗户”。‎ ‎45．caught。此处所在的句子中没出现谓语，故应填动词的时态，根据全篇时态，故可知答案。‎ ‎46．to_stop。refuse后面应跟动词的不定式。‎ ‎47．riding。keep后面应该跟动词的ing形式作宾语。‎ ‎48．Did。根据句式结构此处应填助动词，根据语境可知答案。‎ ‎49．me/mine。根据上文中的问题，此处填代词的宾格或名词性物主代词作表语。‎ ‎50．suddenly。根据结构可知，此处修饰动词became，应用副词。‎ ‎【十四】‎ Keeping a Diary in English ‎___1___ (keep) a diary in English is one of the effective ways to improve our English writing ability.‎ ‎___2___ (compare) with other forms of writing, it is shorter and takes less time. It can help us ___3___(develop) the habit of thinking in English. ___4___ we persist in this practice, gradually we'll learn how to express ourselves in English. In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many ___5___ (difficult). In the first place, it often happens that we have trouble ___6___ (find) appropriate words and phrases to give expression to our mind. Secondly, there are many idiomatic ways of saying things in Chinese. And it is extremely hard for us ___7___ (put) them into English properly.‎ As far as I ___8___ (concern), my suggestion is that we should always have a notebook and a ChineseEnglish dictionary within easy ‎ reach. Whenever something beats us, we can first put it down in our notebook and then consult our dictionary. We can also turn to our English teacher for help, if necessary. In short, I believe that it is ___9___ great use to keep a diary in English for ___10___ development of our writing skills.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 用英语写日记是一种提高我们英语写作能力的有效方法。可以帮助我们养成用英语思考的习惯，在用英语记日记的过程中，我们肯定会遇到许多困难，文中告诉了我们怎么去做。‎ ‎1．Keeping　考查动名词作主语。从句子结构可以看出此处缺少主语。‎ ‎2．Compared　考查分词作状语。compare与it之间为被动关系，故填过去分词。‎ ‎3．(to) develop　考查不定式作宾语。help sb.(to) do sth.结构中to可省略。‎ ‎4．If　考查状语从句的连接词。根据句式结构可知此处填连词，结合句意可知填If。‎ ‎5．difficulties　考查名词的数。空前面的many可知答案为名词的复数。‎ ‎6．finding　考查固定短语用法。have trouble (in) doing sth.。‎ ‎7．to put　考查不定式作主语。it为形式主语。‎ ‎8．am concerned　考查固定短语。as far as sb. be concerned“就某人而言”。‎ ‎9．of　考查介词用法。“of＋n.”相当于名词对应的形容词。‎ ‎10．the　考查冠词用法。在名词前的空格处通常填限定词，结合语境可知填the。‎ ‎【十五】‎ Jonny: Hey! I'm just practicing Tai Chi (太极). Would you like ‎ to join me?‎ Peter: I know nothing about it. Is it difficult?‎ Jonny: It seems easy, but you need a lot of practice. You just follow me like this.‎ Peter: OK. Don't laugh ___61___me. I may look funny.‎ Jonny: Bend your knees slightly and reach out your arms like tree branches, naturally and___62___ (soft). Try to keep your body straight. Move slowly, then be sure to keep your balance and don't let your body shake.‎ Peter: I cannot control my body well. My legs become___63___(pain)．‎ Jonny: Keep ___64___ (hold) your position for a while. It helps developyour strength and flexibility. Raise your leg and let ___65___stay in the air for seconds.‎ Peter: I feel my legs shaking. I cannot do this any longer.‎ Jonny: Be patient! Tai Chi ___66___(call) “shadow boxing” in English. It asks you to act like water: to be flexible as well ___67___ strong. In real competition, a Tai Chi master borrows the strength of the competitor and uses this energy to fightback. The ___68___(hard) you try to beat him, the more likelyyou will get hit. He controls you!‎ Peter: Unbelievable! Oh..., ___69___ you don't mind, I'll stop and take a deep ___70___.‎ 本文讲述的是Jonny和Peter在谈论学习打太极拳的一些动作。‎ Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。‎ ‎61．at。考查固定短语。根据语义确定答案。‎ ‎62．softly。分析结构不难发现空格与and前的naturally并列，可知答案。‎ ‎63．painful。在系动词之后应该填形容词作表语，考查词性转换。‎ ‎64．holding。考查keep用法。keep后应该跟哪种动词形式作宾语呢？‎ ‎65.it。考查代词。根据语义此处代替的是上文中的your leg。‎ ‎66．is_called ‎。根据结构分析，此处填谓语，注意考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。‎ ‎67．as。考查固定搭配，结合语义确定答案。‎ ‎68．harder。考查固定句式“the＋比较级，the＋比较级”结构。‎ ‎69．if。根据句子结构可知两个谓语出现需填连词，将两句子连接，结合语义确定答案。‎ ‎70．breath。考查句意理解，也是固定短语。‎ ‎【十六】‎ Part Ⅱ.语篇语法填空(重点考查冠词)‎ On March 1, a group of masked people ___1___ knives killed 29 people and injured 143 others in ___2___ station, Xinhua reported. Police shot ___3___ (die) four attackers and captured ___4___ injured female attackers at ___5___ scene. Another three ___6___ (arrest) on March 3, the Ministry of Public Security said in ___7___ statement.‎ The killing was ___8___ organized terrorist attack. The terrorist gang ___9___ was led by Abdurehim Kurban was responsible for the attack, said the Ministry of Public Security.‎ ‎ ___10___ tragedy shocked China and the world.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ ‎3月1日，一群暴徒蒙面持刀在云南昆明火车站广场、售票厅等处砍杀无辜群众。致使29人遇难，143人受伤。民警当场击毙4名暴徒，抓获1人。‎ ‎1．with　考查介词的用法。表示“用具体的工具”时使用with。‎ ‎2．the　考查冠词的用法。根据下文“Xinhua reported”可知“station”为大家所知的地方。‎ ‎3．dead　考查词性转换。根据空格在句中作状语，对其中的“four attackers”进行说明。‎ ‎4．an　考查冠词用法。“injured female”‎ 在文中首次出现，故用不定冠词。‎ ‎5．the　考查固定用法。at the scene“当场”。‎ ‎6．were arrested　考查动词的语态。根据句式分析可知，该句中无谓语，arrest与“another three”之间为被动关系，且全文为一般过去时态，故答案为were arrested。‎ ‎7．a　考查冠词用法。表示“在一次声明”中说到。statement有很多次，这只是其中之一。‎ ‎8．an　考查冠词用法。表示“一次有组织的恐怖袭击事件”，表泛指，organized的首音节发元音，故填an。‎ ‎9．which/that　考查定语从句的用法。从句中缺少主语，且先行词表物，故填which/that。‎ ‎10．The　考查冠词用法。通过上文讲述可知“tragedy”为特指上文中的事件，故填The。‎ ‎【十七】‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎[2014·广东高考] Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said ___16___was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.‎ ‎ After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months ___17___ (early), but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We ___18___ (tell) that our rooms hadn't been reserved for that week, ___19___ for the week after. I didn't understand ___20___ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged ___21___ the reservation. What's worse，the hotel had been fully booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was ___22___ (surprise) helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on ‎ ‎ ___23___ top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren't charged extra.‎ The next day, my brother and I went to the beach ___24___ we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little ___25___ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn't mind.‎ Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。‎ 本文讲述的是作者的一次旅游经历。虽然预订房间出现了差错，但问题得到了很好的解决，作者感到很满意。‎ Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。‎ ‎16．it。根据结构可知，此处填代词，结合语境可知指代上文中的Miami。‎ ‎17．earlier。考查词性转换。表“六个月前”。‎ ‎18．were_told。考查谓语。注意考虑时态、语态和主谓一致。‎ ‎19．but。考查并列结构。分析空前空后的句子结构，可知答案。‎ ‎20．why/how。根据两个句子可知此处填连词，在及物动词后为宾语从句，按宾语从句选择连词的方法判断。‎ ‎21．for。考查固定用法。charge...for“为……收费”。‎ ‎22．surprisingly。根据空格后的helpful可知此处填副词修饰形容词。‎ ‎23．the。在可数名词单数前需加冠词。‎ ‎24．where。两句子之间需连词，在名词后的从句可以考虑定语从句中关连词的选填方法。‎ ‎25．sunburnt/sunburned。考查非谓语形式。“get done”表示被动，可知答案。‎ ‎【十八】‎ Ancient China was a place where states were often at war with __1__ other. But __2__ was also a time when there were many great philosophers. Confucius (孔子) is the philosopher __3__ influence has been the greatest. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.‎ Mencius (孟子) was a thinker whose teachings were very similar to __4__ of Confucius. Mencius believed that the reason why man is different from animals is that man is good. He thought that if the government was kind, then people would be good. He believed that people were more important than rulers，and hated the state when __5__ treated people badly.‎ Mozi (墨子) was __6__ teacher who was very influential. Born in 476 BC, he came from a family __7__ was very poor. He became famous for __8__ unusual clothes and behavior. He founded the philosophy called Mohism. Mozi believed that all men were equal. He thought that we should love all human beings and look after __9__ who are weaker than __10__.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述了中国古代三位伟大的思想家：孔子、孟子和墨子及他们的思想主张。‎ ‎1．each　考查固定用法。each other“互相”。‎ ‎2．it　考查代词的用法。it在此处指代“a time”。‎ ‎3．whose　考查定语从句中连接词的用法。从句中缺少定语，故填whose。‎ ‎4．those　考查代词的用法。指代上文的复数名词teachings, 故用those。‎ ‎5．it　考查代词的用法。指代上文出现的the state, 故填it。‎ ‎6．another　考查another的用法。表示“另一个”用another。‎ ‎7．that/which　考查定语从句中连接词的用法。先行词为family，指物，故用that/which。‎ ‎8．his　考查物主代词的用法。句意：他(墨子)因不寻常的着装和举止而出名。故此处应填his，表示“他的”。‎ ‎9．those　考查代词的用法。此处用those指代“‎ 比我们弱小的(人)。”‎ ‎10．ourselves　考查反身代词的用法。此处表示“照顾那些比我们自己弱小的(人)”。‎ ‎【十九】‎ I often take the bus to go to university. In the morning I park my car next __1__ the bus stop so that in the afternoon I can drive it home.‎ One afternoon, after I got __2__ the bus and was walking to my car to drive home, I found a young lady who had just got off the bus standing there waiting for a cab. I asked her if she cared __3__ a ride home. She looked at me __4__ amazement as we didn't know each other. I told her that I was not __5__ a hurry and that I'd love to drive her home. __6__ first, she hesitated, but then she agreed and walked __7__ me to the car. We kept talking __8__ different stuff all the way to her house. She gave me the impression that she was fun and friendly. When arriving at her house, she thanked me and I replied this was what I'd like to do. She left me with a smile __9__ her face. I must say when we make others happy, we become happy ourselves __10__ the same time.‎ ‎1．________　2.________　3.________　4.________‎ ‎5．________　6.________　7.________　8.________‎ ‎9．________　10.________‎ 本文讲述的是作者做好事的一次经历以及感受。‎ ‎1．to 考查介词的用法。此处填介词to，构成短语next to“在……旁边”。‎ ‎2．off 考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语get off“下(车)”。‎ ‎3．for 考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语care for“喜欢”。‎ ‎4．with考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语with amazement“惊奇地”。‎ ‎5．in考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语in a hurry“匆忙”。‎ ‎6．At考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语at first“最初”。‎ ‎7．with考查介词的用法。此处表示“她和我一起向车走去”，因此用with“和……一起”。‎ ‎8．about考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语talk about“谈论”。‎ ‎9．on考查介词的用法。根据句意“她面带微笑离开了我”可知，此处应该填介词on“在……上面”。‎ ‎10．at考查介词的用法。此处构成固定短语at the same time“同时”。‎ ‎【二十】‎ One day, Nick invited his friends to supper. He was cooking some delicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he __16__ (find) that he had run out of salt. So Nick called to his son, “Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for it; neither too much __17__ too little.”‎ His son looked surprised. “I can understand why I shouldn't pay too much, Father, but if I can pay less, __18__ not save a bit of money？”‎ ‎“That would be a very __19__ (reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours，” Nick said.‎ Nick's guests, __20__ had heard their conversation, asked why they should not buy salt more cheaply if they could. Nick replied, “The only reason a man would sell salt __21__ a lower price would be because he was desperate for money. And anyone who took advantage of that situation would be showing a lack of respect __22__ the sweat and struggle of the man who worked very hard to produce it.”‎ ‎“But such a small thing couldn't __23__ (possible) destroy a village.”‎ ‎“In the beginning, there was only __24__ very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always __25__ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today.”‎ Step 1：通读全文，掌握主旨大意。‎ 本文讲述的是尼克叫儿子去买些盐，并交代儿子要以合理公平的价格买，不能破坏市场平衡的故事，告诉我们要懂得尊重他人的劳动和维护生活中的公平。‎ Step 2：逐题解答，确定答案。‎ ‎16．found。考查时态。“他发现他的盐已经用完了。”‎ 由前一句中的“One day, Nick invited.”可知答案。‎ ‎17．nor。考查副词。此处为固定结构。‎ ‎18．why。考查连词。根据上下文可知，此处表示尼克的疑问。‎ ‎19．reasonable。考查词性转换。修饰名词用形容词。‎ ‎20.who。考查定语从句。从句中缺少主语且指人，可确定答案。‎ ‎21．at。考查介词。“以比较低的价格”。‎ ‎22．for。考查固定短语。show respect for“对……表示尊重”。‎ ‎23．possibly。考查副词。修饰动词应用副词。‎ ‎24．a。考查冠词。表示“一点儿，少量的”。‎ ‎25．thinking。考查非谓语动词。everyone是主语，added是谓语，think的逻辑主语是everyone，两者之间是主动关系。‎