浙江省2021届高三12月高考模拟英语试题（四） Word版含解析

浙江省2021届高三12月高考模拟英语试题（四） Word版含解析

2021届浙江省普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟卷(四) 考生注意： 1. 本试题卷满分 150分，考试时间 120分钟。 2. 答题前，请务必在答题卷指定区域填写班级、姓名、考场号、座位号及准考 证号并填涂相应数字； 3. 答题时，请按照答题纸上“注意事项”的要求，在答题纸相应的位置上规范作 答，在本试题卷上的作答一律无效； 4. 非选择题的答案必须使用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔写在答题纸上相应区域 内。 选择题部分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷 上的答案转涂到答题纸上。 第一节（共 5小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 7. 5分） 听下面 5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中 选出最佳选项，并标在试卷 的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有 10秒钟的 时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What will the woman do this evening? A. Have dinner with Mike. B. Go out with her parents. C. Stay at home with her brother. 2. How does the woman keep in touch with her family? A. By making phone calls. B. By sending postcards. C. By using the Internet. 3. What did the man buy? A. Green tea. B. Orange juice. C. Hot chocolate. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do? A. Move some boxes. B. Make a phone call C. Drive a car. 5. Why is the man talking to the woman? A. To take out insurance. B. To describe his illness. C. To make an appointment. 第二节（共 15小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 22. 5分） 听下面 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、 C三个选项中选出最佳选 项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题， 每小题 5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5秒钟的作 答时间。每段对话或独白读 两遍。 听第 6段材料，回答第 6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation take place? A. In a hotel. B. In the man’s office. C. In a post office. 7. What will the man do next? A. Post some papers. B. Find a fax machine. C. Go downstairs. 听第 7段材料，回答第 8至 10题。 8. Where did the man most probably lose his phone? A. On the underground. B. In a bank. C. In a restaurant. 9. What will the man do before five o’ clock? A. Buy a new phone. B. Make a call to the woman. C. Meet the woman. 10. How does the man feel in the end? A. Surprised. B. Grateful. C. Doubtful. 听第 8段材料，回答第 11至 13题。 11. How did the woman book the movie tickets? A. On the Internet. B. At the ticket office. C. On the phone. 12. When did the speakers plan to meet the Smiths at first? A. At 11：30. B. At 12：00. C. At 2：00. 13. Where will the speakers go first? A. To the cinema. B. To the restaurant. C. To the bookstore. 听第 9段材料，回答第 14至 17题。 14. What does the man think of Lucy5s taking flying lessons? A. Impractical. B. Surprising. C. Interesting. 15. What is Lucy? A. A pilot. B. A nurse. C. A doctor. 16. What does the man advise the woman to do? A. Teach in a college. B. Start her own restaurant. C. Organize an Italian cooking class. 17. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Teacher and student. 听第 10段材料，回答第 18至 20题。 18. Who is the speaker? A. An English teacher. B. A university student. C. A news reporter. 19. What does the speaker suggest? A. Practicing listening more after class. B. Trying to understand every word when listening. C. Listening to pop songs without reading the words. 20. What is the speaker mainly talking about? A. How to understand teachers better. B. How to find interesting materials. C. How to improve English listening. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 35分） 第一节（共 10小题；每小题 2. 5分，满分 25分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在 答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A When we speak to other people, they are not only listening to our actual words, but sensing our facial expression, tone of voice, gestures, level of eye contact, posture, and movements as well. Nonverbal communication, or body language, makes up approximately 65 percent of human communication. Body language has a major impact on how others perceive what we say. It can also be a tool for miscommunication when the speaker and listener are from different cultures or are communicating through technology that deprives them of vision cues. In fact, we often realize the importance of body language only when we cannot interpret someone else’s body language correctly. In Eye to Eye： How People Interact, Dr. Peter Marsh explains that before we speak，our gestures, posture, and facial expressions are already broadcasting messages to those around us. While we are speaking，these gestures continue to communicate messages-usually clarifying what we are saying, but sometimes contradicting us in telltale ways. Often, body language is an unconscious act that triggers the most developed senses in other people-hearing and sight. That is why body language is such a great way to emphasize words and ideas. Many people take advantage of this. Advertisers，for example, cast actors in their commercials who use body language that appeals to viewers. Studies have shown that peopled body language changes when they are not telling the truth. If someone’s body language is inconsistent with what he or she is saying，people tend to believe what the body is telling them. A good way for people to convey a positive message is to avoid certain movements, like fidgeting or letting your eyes wander. Instead, good communicators maintain steady eye contact, nod in agreement, and smile. You may notice that people on television, like hosts of infomercials and talk-shows generally display this positive language when speaking. 1. The text mainly focuses on the ______________ of the body language. A. development B. significance C. examples D. acquirement 2. What is the main purpose of Paragraph 2? A. To attract readers to go on reading. B. To help readers know about Dr. Marsh and encourage them to read his book. C. To offer a research to support the writer’s statement. D. To introduce a different viewpoint from the writer’s. 3. The underlined word fidgeting most probably means making small movements of hands and feet, because of feeling ______________. A. pleased B. sad C. satisfied D. nervous 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。主要论述了在交际中，肢体语言的重要性是我们需要关注的。 【详解】1.推理判断题。根据第一段中“ In fact, we often realize the importance of body language only when we cannot interpret someone else’s body language correctly.”可知，事实上，只有当我 们不能正确理解别人的肢体语言时，我们才会意识到肢体语言的重要性。所以，可以推断， 对于肢体语言的重要性是我们需要关注的。选项 B与文意一致。故选 B。 2.推理判断题。根据本段中“Dr. Peter Marsh explains that before we speak，our gestures, posture, and facial expressions are already broadcasting messages to those around us. While we are speaking，these gestures continue to communicate messages-usually clarifying what we are saying, but sometimes contradicting us in telltale ways.”（彼得 · 马什博士解释说，在我 们说话之前，我们的手势，姿势和面部表情，已经向我们周围的人传递了信息。当我们说话 的时候，这些手势继续传递信息——通常会澄清我们在说什么，但有时会以泄露秘密的方式 与我们相矛盾。）可知，通过引用彼得 · 马什博士的解释，说明了肢体语言的重要含义：会 澄清我们在说什么。所以是用来证明作者的观点。选项 C符合文意。故选 C。 3.词句猜测题。根据上文“A good way for people to convey a positive message is to avoid certain movements,”（人们传递积极信息的一个好方法就是避免某些动作）及下文“or letting your eyes wander.Instead, good communicators maintain steady eye contact, nod in agreement, and smile. ” （或者让眼神游离。相反，好的沟通者保持稳定的眼神交流，点头表示同意，微笑。）可知， 眼神游离的动作会给人们传达消极的信息，所以，作为与消极动作并列的词汇，此处表达的 应是焦虑不安，坐卧不宁等的含义。选项 D符合文意。故选 D。 B Some parents worry kids spend a lot of time looking at screens. But a new study argues against that unease parents may feel. “The danger is that they’re hearing a message that social media use is causing very serious and harmful problems like depression and anxiety. Candice Odgers, professor at the University of California, explained. And the idea is that if you shut off social media, which lots of kids use to connect with each other and find out information, you could in fact be making a situation worse. ” Odgers and her colleagues looked at the screen-related behavior of 400 public-school students in North Carolina aged 10 to 14. The researchers found that—even not counting time doing schoolwork on screens—the kids spent between almost 5 hours to 7 hours per day on their devices. “Overall，what we find is no connection between the amount of time that young people spend online and mental health symptoms like depression, anxiety”. What they actually found was something jaw-dropping. Young people who sent more text messages reported better mental health. Odgers was not alone there. Journal Clinical Psychological Science recently announced, “people who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected off-line often, are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.” So why are the fears about screen time? Odgers argues that the methodologies (方法论）for older studies may have led to false conclusions. “One of the methods that’s been done to date has been asking students to recall “How often are you online?” and “ Have you ever felt depressed?” And the correlation between those two things has been used to spread a lot of fear about this connection between social media use and things like depression, 99. 5 percent of the reasons that kids differ in their depression is due to something other than the time they spend online though.” Parents get a lot of advice, and some of it always seems to conflict. “The hope is that more parents will hear this message and relax and spend kind of less time worrying about smartphones and more time just talking to their kids.” 4. Where might this passage be taken from? A. ATravel Journal. B. A Newspaper Frontpage. C. A Nursing and Parenting Magazine. D. A Psychology and Education Magazine. 5. What did researchers find about the screen-related behavior of students at school? A. The more time students spent on line , the better mental health they reported. B. Students in North Carolina aged 10 to 14 spent too much time online. C. Students’ staying online positively actually helped with better mental health. D. Shutting off social media made things worse in the end. 6. Which of the following will Odgers probably agree with according to paragraph 3? A. There is too much fear about screen time among people. B. Students have been asked improper questions about screen time. C. None of the students5 depression has something to do with screen time. D. The present studies are better than the older ones. 【答案】4. D 5. C 6. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。很多父母担心孩子上网时间过多会对孩子产生负面影响，然而研 究表明这种观点是错误的。 【详解】1.推理判断题。结合第一段中“The danger is that they’re hearing a message that social media use is causing very serious and harmful problems like depression and anxiety. Candice Odgers, professor at the University of California, explained. And the idea is that if you shut off social media, which lots of kids use to connect with each other and find out information, you could in fact be making a situation worse. ””（Candice Odgers 加州大学教授， 解释说：“危险在于，他们听到的信息是，社交媒体的使用正在导致非常严重和有害的问题， 如抑郁和焦虑。这个想法是，如果你关闭社交媒体，很多孩子用它来互相联系，找到信息， 事实上你可能会让情况变得更糟。”）可知，主要讲述了对孩子使用社交媒体，家长的心理 焦虑，不让孩子们使用社交媒体，会让情况变得更糟。据此可以推断，本文可能来自关于心 理和教育的杂志。故选 D。 2.细节理解题。根据第二段中“ What they actually found was something jaw-dropping. Young people who sent more text messages reported better mental health. ”（他们实际上发现了一些令 人震惊的事情，发更多短信的年轻人报告说他们的心理健康状况更好。）及第二段最后两句 “Odgers was not alone there. Journal Clinical Psychological Science recently announced, “people who use technology in the positive ways to stay connected off-line often, are more connected online as well and experiencing better mental health.””（Odgers 并不是唯一发现 这个结果的人。《临床心理科学》杂志最近宣布，“那些以积极的方式使用科技，经常保持离 线联系的人，在线联系也更加紧密，心理健康状况也更好。”）可知，积极的使用网络，在 线联系也更加紧密，心理健康状况也更好。故选 C。 3.推理判断题。根据第三段中“ Odgers argues that the methodologies (方法论）for older studies may have led to false conclusions.” （Odgers 认为，旧的研究方法可能导致错误的结论。）及 “One of the methods that’s been done to date has been asking students to recall“ How often are you online?” and “Have you ever felt depressed?” （“迄今为止所采用的方法之 一，就是让学生回忆一下你上网的频率？你有没有觉得沮丧过？）可以推知，学生们被问到 关于使用网络时间的不恰当的问题。故选 B。 C Take a quick tipple and you could find yourself speaking a second language more naturally, according to a new research. The foreign language skills of participants in the study were found to be improved after a drink of alcohol, which suggests the way alcohol can put us at ease outweighs the negative effects on our brain—at least for the first drink, anyway. The international team of researchers is warning against reading too much into their experiment, but it could reveal some interesting insights into the anxiety associated with speaking another language, and how alcohol can help us overcome it. The study involved 50 native German speakers studying Dutch at a Dutch university, who had recently learned to speak, read, and write in the new language. Based on random selections, participants were either given alcohol or water as a control beverage. The amount of alcohol varied based on body size, but was the equivalent of just under a pint (460 milliliters) of 5 percent beer for a 70kg male. They then chatted to a researcher for five minutes, assessed by two native Dutch speakers who weren’t told whether alcohol had been consumed or not. Those people who had been given the alcoholic drink were given better ratings by the observers, especially for their pronunciation. However, with only 50 people involved, we should be cautious of making too many generalizations on this study alone, but it’s an interesting pointer towards how a little bit of drink could grease the wheels as far as talking in a foreign language is concerned. “One possible reason could be that, but more research is needed to test this. ” adds one of the team. “It is important to point out that participants in this study consumed a small amount of alcohol, however, higher levels of alcohol consumption might not have beneficial effects on our brain’s executive functioning, including our memory and our attention. 7. Which of the following caused alcohol drinkers to get better ratings in the experiment? A. The skills of speaking a foreign language. B. Alcohol’s role in improving one’s memory. C. The anxiety-reducing effect of alcohol. D. The brain’s executive function. 8. What does the underlined word mean in the first paragraph? A. The former is heavier that the latter. B. The former is of greater importance, benefit, or significance than the latter. C. The former is lighter than the latter. D. The former is of less importance, benefit, or significance than the latter. 9. Why should we be cautious of making too many generalizations on this study alone? A. The study hasn’t been carried out yet. B. The size of participants is too small. C. The study is not accountable and authoritative. D. The process of the study is misguided. 10. Which statement is true according to the study? A. Man needs a larger amount of alcohol than woman does to improve their oral speaking. B. If you want to improve your pronunciation, you should drink as much as possible. C. A right amount of alcohol will be helpful for language speaking. D. Higher levels of alcohol consumption will have beneficial effects on the pronunciation of a foreign language. 【答案】7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C 【解析】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究发现人们在饮酒后外语技能有所提高，这表明酒精让 我们放松的作用超过了它对大脑的负面影响——至少第一杯酒是这样的。文章介绍了研究开 展过程以及一些研究发现。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The international team of researchers is warning against reading too much into their experiment, but it could reveal some interesting insights into the anxiety associated with speaking another language, and how alcohol can help us overcome it.(这个国际研 究团队警告人们不要对他们的实验做过多解读，但对于讲外语的焦虑以及酒精如何帮助我们 克服这种焦虑，这项研究还是揭示了一些有趣的洞见)”以及第二段中“They then chatted to a researcher for five minutes, assessed by two native Dutch speakers who weren’t told whether alcohol had been consumed or not. Those people who had been given the alcoholic drink were given better ratings by the observers, especially for their pronunciation.(然后，他们与一名研究人 员聊了 5分钟，由两名以荷兰语为母语的人进行评估，这两个人不知道他们是否喝了酒。那 些喝了酒精饮料的人得到了观察者更好的评价，尤其是他们的发音)”可知，酒精减轻焦虑 的作用使饮酒的人在实验中得到了更好的评价。故选 C。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“Take a quick tipple and you could find yourself speaking a second language more naturally, according to a new research. The foreign language skills of participants in the study were found to be improved after a drink of alcohol, which suggests the way alcohol can put us at ease”以及后文“the negative effects on our brain”可知，上文提到一 项新研究表明，喝点酒会发现自己的外语说得更自然，参与者在饮酒后外语技能有所提高， 这表明酒精让我们放松的作用大于它对大脑的负面影响。即划线词意思与 B 选项“前者比 后者更重要、更有利或更有意义”。故选 B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“However, with only 50 people involved, we should be cautious of making too many generalizations on this study alone(然而，由于这项研究只有 50人 参与，我们不能仅就这项研究就做出过多的概括)”可知，我们要谨慎地对这项研究本身作 出过多的概括，是因为参与者规模太小。故选 B。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Take a quick tipple and you could find yourself speaking a second language more naturally, according to a new research. (一项新研究表明，喝点酒，你会发现自 己的外语说得更自然)”以及倒数第二段中“but it’s an interesting pointer towards how a little bit of drink could grease the wheels as far as talking in a foreign language is concerned.(不过，用 外语交谈时，喝点酒是可以让事情顺利进行的，这是个有趣的发现)”可知，C选项“适量 的酒精将有助于语言表达”正确。故选 C。 第二节（共 5小题；每小题 2分，满分 10分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填人空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两 项为多余选项。 Tell a Joke Day On August 16, make everyone around you laugh by telling them a joke because it is Tell a Joke Day. ___11___Yet we can all safely believe that the creator of this unofficial holiday was aiming to make the world a happier place by encouraging people to tell and listen to jokes. ___12___ They can be verbal like in the case of a whole story or in the form of a question and answer, where the answer provides the humor. Jokes can also be physical such as in the case of a practical joke, where the act rather than the words provides the humor. ___13___ Jokes have been an integral (不可分割的）part of human history and a great many minds have spent time and energy trying to understand what makes jokes funny. The day is known in the US as National Tell a Joke Day. ___14___ Every time you meet someone on this day, tell them a joke. Just make sure the jokes are proper to the setting. ___15___Watch your favorite comedians do their thing either on TV or on stage and enjoy a few hours of humorous entertainment. Fancy yourself as a comedian. Play a harmless trick on your co-worker or friend. A. A joke can be of different types. B. Everyone enjoys being with pleasant people. C. The origins of this very funny day are unknown. D. But don’t be confused with International Joke Day on July 1. E. Pick up a joke book and spend your lunch hour reading it. F. Either way, the main purpose of a joke is to provide humor. G. You may want to know how to become a person with humor. 【答案】11. C 12. A 13. F 14. D 15. E 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇说明文。8月 16 日是美国的笑话节，虽然是一个非正式的节日，却表达 了人们希望建立一个快乐而和谐的世界的愿望。 【详解】 1. 根据下文“Yet we can all safely believe that the creator of this unofficial holiday was aiming to make the world a happier place by encouraging people to tell and listen to jokes.”（然而 我们可以放心地认为这个节日的发起者目的是通过鼓励大家说笑话、听笑话使这个世界更美 好。）可以推知，此处讲述这个节日的起源可能不为人知。选项 C.“The origins of this very funny day are unknown.”（节日的起源不为人知），可以引出下文，符合文意。故选 C。 2. 结合下文“They can be verbal like in the case of a whole story or in the form of a question and answer”（它们可以是口头的，就像是一个完整的故事，或者是一个问题和答案），及“Jokes can also be physical such as in the case of a practical joke”（笑话也可以是身体上的，比如恶作剧） 可知，介绍了两种笑话形式，即言语笑话和恶作剧。所以段首应是本段的总结。选项 A.“A joke can be of different types.”项（笑话可以有不同的形式）总领该段。符合题意。故选 A。 3.根据上文中“They can be verbal like in the case of a whole story or in the form of a question and answer”（它们可以是口头的，就像是一个完整的故事，或者是一个问题和答案），及“Jokes can also be physical such as in the case of a practical joke”（笑话也可以是身体上的，比如恶作 剧）可知，介绍了两种笑话的形式，即 verbal jokes 和 practicaljokes。所以作 为本段的结束，应该是做总结。选项 F.“Either way, the main purpose of a joke is to provide humor.”（无论哪种形式的笑话，笑话的主要目的是为人们提供快乐）总结上文。符合文意。 故选 F。 4. 根据上文“The day is known in the US as National Tell a Joke Day.”（这一天在美国被称为全 国讲笑话节），选项 D.“But don’t be confused with International Joke Day on July 1.”(但是不要 与七月一日的国际笑话节相混淆。）与上一句联系紧密。符合文意。故选 D。 5.根据下文“Watch your favorite comedians do their thing either on TV or on stage and enjoy a few hours of humorous entertainment. Fancy yourself as a comedian. Play a harmless trick on your co-worker or friend.”（观看你最喜欢的喜剧演员在电视或舞台上表演，享受几个小时的 幽默娱乐。把自己想象成喜剧演员。对你的同事或朋友开个无害的玩笑。）提到了几种庆祝 形式。所以空白处应该也是讲述一种庆祝形式，选项 E.“Pick up a joke book and spend your lunch hour reading it.”（选择一本笑话书，在午饭时读一读）符合语境。故选 E。 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 45分） 第一节完形填空（共 20小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 30分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C和 D四个选项中，选出可以填入 空白处的最佳选项，并在答 题纸上将该项涂黑。 It was a day in late July, grey and depressing，with dark clouds ___16___ low. I was driving to Plymouth for a much-needed vacation. I traveled ___17___, hoping to get there and have dinner and a rest before evening came. Suddenly, on a lonely stretch of highway, a storm ___18___. Pouring water shut me in, making driving impossible. I ___19___ onto the shoulder of the road and stopped. Then, ___20___ someone had turned off a ___21___ in the sky, it ended. A thin ray, like a spray of gold，___22___ from the clouds. Every piece of grass was shining as the sun flashed on ___23___ drops. A rainbow ___24___ across the sky. It seemed as if the ___25___ had been there for me alone. I was ___26___ with awe and joy. My friend Janet had a (an) ___27___ experience. She had walked out on a lonely beach ___28___. It was a time of ___29___ for her, and loneliness was what she wanted. Offshore ___30___ the darkening sea, she made out the ___31___ of an anchored fishing boat, and in it the figure of a man. After a while, she felt an intense and glowing sense of oneness with that silent figure. It was as if the sea, the sky, and those two solitary human beings were ___32___. I was ___33___ with joy," she said. Most of us have experienced such enlightened moments, ___34___ we seem to understand ourselves and the world. And almost anything can serve as the ___35___ of such a feeling： stars shining on new snow，or a sudden sight of a field of daffodils (水仙花)." 16. A. lifting B. hanging C. climbing D. passing 17. A. slowly B. nervously C. quickly D. energetically 18. A. struck B. arose C. formed D. exploded 19. A. pulled out B. pulled off C. drove in D. dropped by 20. A. even though B. after C. once D. as though 21. A. tap B. light C. key D. button 22. A. spread B. unfolded C. soar D. reflected 23. A. bright B. shrinking C. thick D. trembling 24. A. moved B. wound C. arched D. flew 25. A. sighting B. view C. scenery D. landscape 26. A. powerless B. fragile C. sensitive D. speechless 27. A. contrary B. similar C. strange D. familiar 28. A. at sunrise B. at noon C. at sunset D. at night 29. A. grief B. disappointment C. annoyance D. relief 30. A. through B. beyond C. across D. above 31. A. sightseeing B. scene C. image D. picture 32. A. united B. gathered C. separated D. related 33. A. overlooked B. filled C. overcome D. own 34. A. that B. where C. which D. when 35. A. power B. strength C. pull D. motivation 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D 21. A 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. A 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. D 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过讲述自己和朋友的类似奇怪的经历，最终提出任何事都 可以作为诱发我们形成认识自己和世界的这种感觉的动机。 【详解】1.考查动词词义辨析。句意：那是七月下旬的一天，灰蒙蒙的，阴沉沉的，乌云低 垂。A.lifting抬起，举起； B.hanging 悬挂；C.climbing 攀爬；D.passing经过。结合上文“with dark clouds”可知，此处指乌云在空中低垂着。选项 B题意。故选 B。 2.考查副词词义辨析。句意：我车开得很快，希望在晚上到来之前，能够到那里吃顿晚饭， 休息一下。A.slowly慢慢地； B.nervously 焦虑地；C.quickly 迅速地； D.energetically 精力 充沛地。根据句中下文“hoping to get there and have dinner and a rest before evening came”，可 知，作者要在晚上到来之前到那儿，同时能吃个饭，休息一下，所以此处指开车开得很快。 故选 C。 3.考查动词词义辨析。句意：突然，在一条偏僻的高速公路上，一场暴风雨袭来。A.struck 侵袭，爆发； B.arose上升； C.formed 形成；D.exploded爆炸。根据下文“Pouring water shut me in”，可知倾盆大雨困住了我，所以此处指暴雨突然爆发。选项 A符合题意。故选 A。 4.考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我把车靠在路肩，停了下来。A.pulled out 驶离路边，驶 出；B.pulled off驶向路边短暂停车； C.drove in驶入； D.dropped by顺便来访；根据上文 “Pouring water shut me in, making driving impossible”可知，倾盆大雨使得开车变得不可能， 所以此处指把车停下。选项 B符合题意。故选 B。 5.考查连词词义辨析。句意：然后，好像有人关掉了天上的水龙头，雨停了。A.even though 尽管； B.after 在......之后；C.once一旦； D.as though 好像。结合上文中“ Pouring water shut me in, ”及下文“it ended.”，可知，雨停的很突然，所以此处用比喻手法，用“如同，好像”含 义。选项 D符合题意。故选 D。 6.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.tap 龙头；B.light灯； C.key 钥匙；D.button按钮。根 据上文中“ turned off”及下文“ in the sky, it ended..”，可知，大雨停了，所以此处指好像就像 有人把龙头关了。选项 A符合题意。故选 A。 7.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一道薄薄的光线，像一束金色的浪花，从云端散开。A.spread 散 开；B.unfolded打开； C.soar 急升，猛增；D.reflected反射。根据上文“A thin ray, like a spray of gold”及下文“from the clouds.”可知，光线是从乌云中散开。选项 A符合题意。故选 A。 8.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每一片草都在闪耀，太阳照在晃动的的水滴上。A.bright明 亮的； B.shrinking 缩小的；C.thick厚的； D.trembling轻轻摇晃的。根据上文可知，大雨 过后，雨滴垂在草上，摇摇欲坠。所以此处指阳光照在这些晃动的水滴上。故选 D。 9.考查动词词义辨析。句意：一道彩虹横跨天空。A.moved移动； B.wound受伤； C.arched 呈弧形横跨； D.flew飞。结合上文“A rainbow”及下文“across the sky”可知，彩虹弯弯地横 跨在天空，选项 C符合题意。故选 C。 10.考查名词词义辨析。句意：似乎这道风景就是单为我一个人准备的。A.sighting视线； B.view （从某处看到的）景色，风景；C.scenery自然风光，景色； D.landscape（陆上，尤 指乡村的）风景，景色。结合上文“A rainbow 9 across the sky”可知，我在公 路上看到彩虹，所以选项 B符合题意。故选 B。 11.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我又惊又喜地说不出话来。A.powerless无权的； B.fragile 易碎的，易损的；C.sensitive 敏感的；D.speechless说不出话的。根据下文“with awe and joy.” 可知，我又惊又喜，所以是说不出话。选项 D符合题意。故选 D。 12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的朋友珍妮特也有类似的经历。A.contrary 相反的； B.similar类似的，相似的； C.strange 奇怪的；D.familiar熟悉的。根据上文可知，我的经 历很惊奇。结合下文对朋友经历的描述，可知此处指朋友也有过类似的经历。故选 B。 13.考查短语词义辨析。句意：在日落时分，她走在空无一人的海滩上。A.at sunrise在日出 时；B.at noon在下午；C.at sunset 在日落时；D.at night在晚上。根据下文“Offshore 15 the darkening sea,”可知，在近海处，穿过渐渐黑下来的海上，可以推断，时间是在日落时。 选项 C符合题意。故选 C。 14.考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，那是悲伤的时刻，孤独是她想要的。A.grief 忧伤； B.disappointment 失望；C.annoyance 愤怒；D.relief欣慰。根据下文“ loneliness was what she wanted.”可知，她此刻想要就是孤独，可以推测，此处表示这一刻对她而言，是忧伤的。选 项 A符合题意。故选 A。 15.考查介词词义辨析。句意：穿过近海处渐渐黑下来的海面，她看到了一艘抛锚的渔船， 船上有一个男人的身影。A.through贯穿； B.beyond 在较远的一边；C.across从一边到另一 边 ；横过；D.above在......上面。结合下文“she made out the 16 of an anchored fishing boat,”，可知，她看见一艘抛锚的渔船，渔船在她的对面，即从这边到另一边。选项 C符合题意。故选 C。 16.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.sightseeing 观光，游览；B.scene场景； C.image 形象、 身影；D.picture图片。根据下文“ in it the figure of a man”可知，此处指她看到了一个人影。 选项 C符合题意。故选 C。 17.考查动词词义辨析。句意：就好像大海，天空，和这两个孤独的人结合在一起。A.united 使结合；B.gathered聚集； C.separated分开； D.related联系。结合上文“ It was as if the sea, the sky, and those two solitary human beings were”可知，两个孤独的人处于同一种情景中，和 大海、天空互为一体。所以就像是被结合在一起。故选 A。 18.考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“我充满了喜悦”。A.overlooked 忽略；B.filled 使充满； C.overcome 克服；D.own拥有。短语：be filled with意为“用某物装满”。根据下文中“ with joy”， 可知，此处指她很高兴，即被喜悦装满了。故选 B。 19.考查定语从句关系词辨析。句意：我们大多数人都经历过这样的启迪时刻，在那样的时 刻，我们似乎了解自己和世界。分析句子可知，本句为定语从句，先行词为“moments”，指 时间，在其后的定语从句中作时间状语，所以要用关系副词 when。故选 D。 20.考查名词词义辨析。句意：几乎任何东西都可以作为这种感觉的动机：在新雪上闪耀的 星星，或者突然看到一片水仙花。A.power权利；B.strength 力量；C.pull引力； D.motivation 动机。根据上文“Most of us have experienced such enlightened moments, 19 we seem to understand ourselves and the world. ”可知，我们都有似乎了解自己和世界的那一刻， 说明这是促使我们形成这种感觉的动机，所以此处表示任何事都可以作为诱发形成这种感觉 的动机。故选 D。 非选择题部分 第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分 45分） 第二节（共 10小题；每小题 1. 5分，满分 15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填人适当的内容(1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Six years ago at the age of 35，I suddenly decided I wanted to learn the cello (大提琴）. Straight away I rented an instrument and appeared before Wendell Margrave, professor of musical instruction. Then he entered my name in book： 10 am, Tuesday. Tuesday followed Tuesday, ___36___ soon it was spring. Thus began my voyage out of ignorance and into the dream. It was ___37___ happy time. I was again becoming something new, and no longer ___38___ (trap) as the same person. ___39___ (sure) the most terrible recognition of middle life is that we are past changing. We do ___40___ we can already do. The cello was something I couldn’t do. Yet each Tuesday this became less and less true. ___41___ (Ride) home on the bus one snowy night and learning the score of Mozart5s C-Major Quintet, I felt the page ___42___ (burst) into music in my hands. I was humming (哼唱）the cello line when suddenly all five parts came together harmonically in my head. The fellow sitting opposite stared. I met his glance with ___43___ (tear)，actually hearing the music in my head ___44___ the first time. Could he hear it too, perhaps? No, he got off at the next stop. As the years ____45____ (slip) by, my daughter grew up, playing the piano well. My goal was that she and I would one day perform together. 【答案】36. and 37. a 38. trapped 39. Surely 40. what/all 41. Riding 42. burst/bursting 43. tears 44. for 45. slipped 【解析】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习大提琴的经历，从一无所知到渐入佳境。充满了成就 感和满足感。 【36题详解】 考查连词。句意：一个星期二接着一个星期二，很快就到了春天。分析句子成分可知，设空 处需填入并列连词来连接前后两个分句。根据句意，第一个分句与第二个分句之间是顺承的 关系，故填 and。 【37题详解】 考查不定冠词。句意：这是一段快乐的时光。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入不定冠词来 修饰限定 time，time指“我”从对大提琴一无所知到渐入佳境这一段时间，所以应用不定冠词 a来修饰。故填 a。 【38题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：我又变成了一个新的人，不再是原来那个人了。分析句子成分可知， 主语 I与动词 trap之间是被动关系，故填过去分词形式作表语。故填 trapped。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：当然，中年人最可怕的认识是，我们已经过了可以改变的阶段。分析句子 成分可知，设空处需填入副词形式做全句的状语。故填 Surely。 【40题详解】 考查宾语从句的连接代词或不定代词。句意：我们做我们能做的。分析句子成分可知，可将 后半句视为 do的宾语从句，从句中的 do缺少宾语，故该从句由 what引导；也可将后半句 视为定语从句，则设空处需填入先行词和关系词。由于从句缺宾语，所以关系代词 that可以 省略，则根据句意，先行词可用 all。故填 what/all。 【41题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：在一个飘雪的夜晚，我乘公共汽车回家，在车上学习莫扎特 c大调五 重奏的总谱。我感到乐谱在我手中突然变成了音乐。分析句子成分可知， ride（乘坐）与主 语 I是主动关系，所以设空处需填入现在分词形式与 learning一起作并列的伴随状语。故填 Riding。 【42题详解】 考查动词原形或现在分词作宾补。句意：在一个飘雪的夜晚，我乘公共汽车回家，在车上学 习莫扎特 c大调五重奏的总谱。我感到乐谱在我手中突然变成了音乐。分析句子成分可知， 设空处需填入 burst的动词原形或分词形式作 feel的宾语补足语。由于 burst与宾语“the page” 是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填 burst或 bursting。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：面对他的目光，我泪流满面，这是我第一次在脑海中听到音乐。固定短语 with tears意为“眼含热泪”，故填 tears。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：面对他的目光，我泪流满面，这是我第一次在脑海中听到音乐。固定短语 for the first time意为“第一次”，故填 for。 【45题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：岁月流逝，我的女儿长大了，钢琴弹得很好。分析句子成分可知，设 空处需填入动词形式作 as从句的谓语，主句为一般过去时态，从句也应应一般过去时态。 故填 slipped。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分 40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分 15分） 46. 假如你是李华，你和本校英国交换生 Tom原定于本周日上午一起参加本校举办的“汉语 诗词大赛”， 但因故你不能履约。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 解释爽约的原因。 注意：1. 词数 80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Tom, I’m writing to convey my heartfelt apology to you for not being able to participate in the Chinese Poetry Competition with you, which is scheduled on this Sunday morning. Due to a sudden illness falling upon me a few days ago，I have been in hospital with a continuous fever so far，which has prevented me from any activity. To be honest，I have made adequate preparations for the competition with earnest anticipation for an excellent performance. However，it’s a pity that I could not make it. I hope you can understand my situation and wish your participation a great success. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。你和本校英国交换生 Tom原定于本周日上午一起参加 本校举办的“汉语诗词大赛”， 但因故你不能履约。要求你给 Tom写一封邮件，表明自己的 歉意及解释爽约的原因。 【详解】第一步：审题 体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时，少量可用现在完成时。 结构：总分法 总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。 要求： 1. 表达歉意； 2. 解释爽约的原因。 第二步:列提纲 （重点词组） convey my heartfelt apology, participate in, fall upon, prevent from, made preparations for, make it, understand my situation 第三步：连词成句 1.I’m writing to convey my heartfelt apology to you for not being able to participate in the Chinese Poetry Competition with you, which is scheduled on this Sunday morning. 2.Due to a sudden illness falling upon me a few days ago, I have been in hospital with a continuous fever so far，which has prevented me from any activity. 3.To be honest，I have made adequate preparations for the competition with earnest anticipation for an excellent performance. 4.It’s a pity that I could not make it. 5.I hope you can understand my situation and wish your participation a great success. 根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。 第四步：连句成篇（衔接词） 表转折对比关系：However 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。 【点睛】[高分句型 1] I’m writing to convey my heartfelt apology to you for not being able to participate in the Chinese Poetry Competition with you, which is scheduled on this Sunday morning.（which引导的为非限 制性定语从句。） [高分句型 2] It’s a pity that I could not make it.（it为形式主语，真正的主语为 that） [高分句型 3] I hope you can understand my situation and wish your participation a great success.（hope之后为 省略 that的宾语从句） 第二节 概要写作（满分 25分） 47. 概要写作 An allergy, also known as an allergic disease, is an immune system reaction to normally harmless things, such as dust，plants, animals or certain foods. Symptoms vary depending on the allergy. Common cold symptoms such as low fever, sneezing, and a sore throat may all indicate allergies. What causes an allergic reaction is a question still puzzling scientists. Types of allergies have greatly increase since the mid-20th century， leading some experts to suggest the increased environmental pollution is held responsible. Some experts suggest that allergies are related with genes with twins being particularly likely to share the same problems. Often，an allergic reaction will develop in childhoods but since many reactions are likely to worsen with repeated exposure, symptoms can start to appear at any age. However，some people may overcome childhood allergies with age growing. Testing for an allergy can be a tricky process，particularly if an allergic reaction could threaten the victim's life. Doctors often use a skin test method for a variety of possible allergic reactions. In skin testing, a tiny amount of an allergen (过敏原) is shot into a marked place of skin to see if the skin reacts negatively. If serious reactions are a concern , doctors can also use a blood test， although this takes more time and may be less accurate than skin testing. Treatment may depend on the type and severe degree of the patient allergic response. In some mild cases， such as sneezing caused by animal exposure， patients are told to avoid exposure when possible. Avoiding the food is also key with many food allergies, particularly those that can cause severe responses. When avoiding is impossible,some doctors may recommend shots. This intends to build up tolerance in the immune system by exposing the patient to increasing small amounts of the allergen over time. 【答案】An allergy is a reaction performed by the immune system to common things with various symptoms. As is suggested, it is connected with environmental pollution or genes, while its real causes are still unclear. Besides，most allergies will develop with repeated exposure, but some may be overcome. To test for an allergy, a skin test is often available, and a blood test is also applied if necessary. Moreover， in case of the actual conditions， with avoiding exposure being most important, different treatments are used accordingly. 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍过敏。过敏可能表现出各种症状。过敏的测试过程是 很困难的，只有避免接触过敏原才能避免过敏。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①An allergy, also known as an allergic disease, is an immune system reaction to normally harmless things. ②What causes an allergic reaction is a question still puzzling scientists. ③Some experts suggest the increased environmental pollution is held responsible. ④Some experts suggest that allergies are related with genes with twins being particularly likely to share the same problems. ⑤Testing for an allergy can be a tricky process. ⑥Doctors often use a skin test method for a variety of possible allergic reactions.If serious reactions are a concern, doctors can also use a blood test. ⑦Treatment may depend on the type and severe degree of the patient allergic response. 2.缜密构思 将第 1个要点进行简写；第 2、3、4三个要点进行重组；将第 5、6两个要点进行整合；将 第 7个要点进行重写。 3.遣词造句 An allergy is a reaction performed by the immune system to common things with various symptoms. As is suggested, it is connected with environmental pollution or genes, while its real causes are still unclear. To test for an allergy, a skin test is often available, and a blood test is also applied if necessary. In case of the actual conditions，with avoiding exposure being most important different treatments are used accordingly. 【点睛】[高分句型 1] As is suggested, it is connected with environmental pollution or genes, while its real causes are still unclear. 运用了 as引导的非限制性定语从句，把要点 3、4进行了重组，while 表示对比， 对第二个要点进行了阐述。 [高分句型 2] To test for an allergy, a skin test is often available, and a blood test is also applied if necessary.运 用了不定式做目的状语，引出第 5个要点，同时其后使用了 and的并列句，对第 6个要点进 行了压缩。