宁夏银川一中2020届高三高考第一次模拟英语试题

宁夏银川一中2020届高三高考第一次模拟英语试题

‎2020年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语试题卷 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。‎ ‎3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分：听力理解(共两节。满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 (共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt ?‎ A.＄19.15. B.＄‎9.18 C.＄9.15‎ 答案是C.‎ ‎1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. At home. B. At a hospital. C. At a drug store.‎ ‎2. How does the woman feel?‎ A. Satisfied. B. Discouraged. C. Excited.‎ ‎3. How much will the woman pay?‎ A. $12. B. $30. C. $42.‎ ‎4. What did the woman fail to see?‎ A. A sign. B. A parking lot. C. A disabled person.‎ ‎5. Why does the man talk to Dr. Simpson?‎ A. To make an apology. B. To ask for help. C. To discuss his studies.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. Who is the man most likely to be?‎ A. A tourist. B. A tour guide. C. A French chef.‎ ‎7. How will the speakers travel around the city?‎ A. By bus. B. By train. C. By car.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. What does the man say about the closest gas station?‎ A. It costs more. B. It charges less. C. It offers good service.‎ ‎9. How far is the cheapest gas station?‎ A. A few blocks away. B. About two miles away. C. About five-minute ride away.‎ ‎10. What should the woman do at the first traffic lights?‎ A. Take a right turn. B. Walk straight. C. Turn left.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. Where does the woman’s mother live?‎ A. In Madrid. B. In Mexico City. C. In New York.‎ ‎12. What do the speakers plan to do on November 2nd?‎ A. Travel to Madrid B. Visit some friends. C. Attend a holiday event.‎ ‎13. When will the speakers leave New York?‎ A. On October 22nd. B. On October 28th. C. On November 2nd.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Give up soda. B. Stop eating the sweets. C. Exercise more.‎ ‎15. What will the man do tomorrow?‎ A. Go to the gym. B. Go out for dinner. C. Go to the grocery store.‎ ‎16. What is the conversation mainly about?‎ A. Losing weight. B. Healthy meals. C. A new restaurant.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Why is the plane delayed?‎ A. The weather is bad.‎ B. The plane needs to be fixed.‎ C. Some passengers haven’t arrived.‎ ‎18. How long will the flight last?‎ A. About six hours.‎ B. About four hours.‎ C. About three hours.‎ ‎19. What information can be found in the brochure?‎ A. Safety instructions.‎ B. Meals being served for lunch.‎ C. Details about the entertainment.‎ ‎20. What will passengers do next?‎ A Get aboard. B. Watch a video. C. Get some sleep.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A A Book Review—The Snake-Stone by Berlie Doherty The setting: Urban England (the cities), but also rural England (the countryside) including remote English villages.‎ The theme: The main theme is a teenage search of self-discovery, in this case the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age. Its other concerns are love, getting on with others, being persistent and courageous and trying to deal with doubts, troubles and worries. As the book moves to a close, James’ swimming coach says to him: “You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.”‎ The characters: James is the hero of the story. He is a championship diver, and has a comfortable life with his foster parents (养父母). Yet he also has the qualities to take him on a long journey to find his birth mother. The other characters in The Snake-Stone, James’ parents, his diving instructor, best friend, the villagers, people he meets on his journey, are pictured realistically.‎ The turning point: The turning point in the story comes while James’ foster parents are away in London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he has is a fossil, “the ‎ snake stone” which she left behind along with a note on which she had written: “Take good care of Sammie.” It was written on a torn envelope with parts of an address still there.‎ The journey: Instead of going to London, James decides to find his birth mother. With help from his geography teacher, James sets out for the remote country village where his mother might be found. James has painful, challenging, but also humorous and happy travels. The mother he finally meets, Anne, has a minor yet powerful voice in the novel. He comes to understand why she left him at a stranger’s door fifteen years before. Although the meeting is not long, it leaves him with a feeling of completeness. As a journey of self-discovery, The Snake-Stone also provides its readers with a happy ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, “I was home.”‎ ‎1. What is the main theme of the novel?‎ A. Life with foster parents. B. Life in the world of diving.‎ C. A journey of self-discovery. D. A travel around the country.‎ ‎2. What do the coach’s words in Paragraph 2 suggest?‎ A. James is a successful diver. B. James is an independent young man.‎ C. James is an outgoing young man. D. James is a hopeful swimmer.‎ ‎3. The snake stone in the novel is .‎ A. a stone with an address on it B. a fossil left by the foster parents C. a gift from the swimming coach D. a clue left by the birth mother ‎【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是应用文书评体。分别从背景，主题，角色以及其主要情节“发现之旅”方面介绍名著The Snake-stone。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 段落大意题。从第二段第一句话The main theme is a teenage search of self-discovery, in this case the search for a mother from whom the hero was separated at an early age.“影片的主题是青少年寻找自我发现的过程，在这个故事中，主人公在很小的时候就与母亲分离了。”以及最后一段最后一句As a journey of self-discovery, The Snake-Stone also provides its readers with a happy ending. Its hero says, on returning to his foster parents, “I was home.” 作为一段自我发现的旅程，《蛇石》也为读者提供了一个美好的结局。它的主人公说，回到养父母身边时，“我在家。”由此可知，该书主题体现在James寻找生身母亲的征途也就是战胜自我获得人生真谛的发现之旅。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。从第二段最后两行As the book moves to a close, James’ swimming coach says to him: “You are not like a kid obeying instructions any more. You are diving like a young man who knows where he is going.”教练所说“你不能再像小孩一样，就知道循规蹈矩。你应该探索，像找定方向的年轻潜水员。”言外之意要James做一个独立的有个性的年轻人。故选B。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据The turning point中The turning point in the story comes while James’ foster parents are away in London, and he wonders about the identity of his birth mother. The only clue he has is a fossil, “the snake stone” which she left behind along with a note on which she had written: “Take good care of Sammie.” 故事的转折点发生在詹姆斯的养父母不在伦敦的时候，他想知道亲生母亲的身份。他唯一的线索是一块化石，“蛇石”，是她留下的，还有一张纸条，上面写着:“好好照顾珊米。”由此可知，the snake stone是James生身母亲离开留下的识别身份见证物（The only clue he has is a fossil, “the snake stone” which she left behind…）。故选D。‎ B Some people believe that a Robin Hood is at work, others that a wealthy person simply wants to distribute his or her fortune before dying. But the donator who started sending envelopes with cash to deserving causes，accompanied by an article from the local paper, has made a northern German city believe in fairytales (童话）‎ The first envelope was sent to a victim support group. It contained €10,000 with a cutting from the Braunschtveiger Zeitung about how the group supported a woman who was robbed of her handbag； similar plain white anonymous (匿名）envelopes, each containing €10,000, then arrived at a kindergarten and a church.‎ The envelopes keep coming, and so far at least €190,000 has been distributed. Last month, one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office. It came after a story it published about Tom, a 14-year-old boy who was severely disabled in a swimming accident. The receptionist at the Braunschweiger Zeitung opened an anonymous white envelope to find 20 notes of €500 inside , with a copy of the article. The name of the family was underlined.‎ ‎"I was driving when I heard the news,” Claudia Neumann, the boy’s mother, told DerSpiegel magazine. “I had to park on the side of the road； I was speechless. ”‎ The money will be used to make the entrance to their house wheelchair-accessible .and for a course of treatment that their insurance company refused to pay for.‎ ‎“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing," Mrs. Neumann said. Her family wonder whether the donator is a Robin Hood character, taking from banks to give to the needy.‎ Henning Noske, the editor of the Braunschweiger Zeitung, said： “Maybe it is an old person who is about to die. We just do not know. ” However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.‎ ‎4.The Braunschweiger Zeitung is the name of .‎ A. a church B. a bank C. a newspaper D. a magazine ‎5. Which of the following is TRUE about the donation to Tom?‎ A. The donation amounted to €190,000.‎ B. The donation was sent directly to his house.‎ C. The money will be used for his education.‎ D. His mother felt astonished at the donation.‎ ‎6.It can be inferred from the passage that .‎ A. the donator is a rich old man B. the donation will continue to come C. the donation comes from the newspaper D. the donator will soon be found out ‎7. What would be the best title for the passage?‎ A. Money Is Raised by the Newspaper B. Newspaper Distributes Money to C. Unknown Hero Spreads Love in Envelopes D. Robin Hood Returns to the City ‎【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文主要讲述一个匿名英雄用信封捐钱来默默传递爱心的故事，告诉我们爱心无处不在，要学会用自己的爱来温暖身边那些需要帮助的人群，那么这个世界将会变成美好的人间。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的accompanied by an article from the local paper可推知Braunschweiger Zeitung 是一份报纸的名字，另外在第三段第一句话有一个one of them was sent to the newspaper’s own office有提示。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段谈到这位受害男孩母亲听到她的孩子被匿名捐赠的消息后说的一句话“I was speechless”以及下文“For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing.可知她很震惊，很无语。D项表达正确。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句话 However, he has told his reporters not to look for the city’s hero, for fear that discovery may stop the donations.可知报纸的编辑告诉记者不要找这个城市的英雄，因为担心发现后他就可能不再进行捐赠的活动，也可推知这个匿名捐赠活动还会继续下去，B项表达正确。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述用信封匿名捐赠的事情在社会引起很大反响，这个捐赠者还会继续把这个善举进行下去，用C项Unknown Hero Spreads love in Envelopes“匿名英雄用信封传递爱”最能概括文章大意。‎ ‎【点睛】For someone to act so selflessly, for this to happen in such a society in which everyone thinks of himself, was astonishing.在每个人都想着自己的这样的社会中,还有人表现得那么无私,这是令人震惊的。which引导的定语从句先行词为a society。‎ C Pangolins (穿山甲) are the most trafficked (非法交易) mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly (有鳞片的), anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation. Partnering with the non-profit organization Pangolin. Africa, the documentary was made available on YouTube in May 2019. The intention is to reach communities wherever the Internet is available, especially African communities, who live near the animal’s habitats.‎ Over two years, the documentary crew traveled to South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic and Gabon in search of the four unique species of pangolin, which has never been achieved before. ‎ Filmmakers Bruce Young and Johan Vermeulen say that they went into the shoot knowing relatively little about pangolins, but grew to respect and appreciate the animals. Getting close to the creatures over two years was a crash course in these secretive creatures. Johan Vermeulen said, "One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant."‎ Pangolins are hunted illegally across Africa for their scales, which are used for traditional medicine, and their meat. In April 2019, Singaporean customs officials conducted two separate seizures of 24 tons of pangolin scales, which equals to the death of 69,000 pangolins.‎ Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat, the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.‎ Filmed on location in South Africa, Ghana, Central African Republic, and Gabon, this powerful documentary is the story of two men on a mission to get all four species of African pangolin on camera for the very first time.‎ ‎8. What is the purpose of the documentary?‎ A. To study the situation of pangolins.‎ B. To collect fund to protect pangolins.‎ C. To raise awareness of pangolin protection.‎ D. To propose setting up pangolin reserves.‎ ‎9. What is the meaning of the underlined word “fussy” in paragraph 2?‎ A. Picky. B. Messy.‎ C. Showy. D. Heavy.‎ ‎10. What’s the documentary mainly about?‎ A. The illegal trade of pangolins.‎ B. The medical function of pangolin's scales.‎ C. The life of pangolins in their natural habitats.‎ D. The efforts of Pangolin, Africa to save pangolins.‎ ‎11. Where is the text most likely from?‎ A. A brochure. B. A diary.‎ C. A novel. D. A magazine.‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. C 11. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇新闻报道。穿山甲是世界上被贩运最频繁的哺乳动物，并且正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。‎ ‎8题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“the aim of the documentary is to inspire viewers around the world to call for action to end trafficking and protecting these unique creatures.”可知，该纪录片的目的是呼吁全世界的观看者采取行动，制止贩运从而保护这些独特的生物。因此，该纪录片的目的是提高对穿山甲保护的认识。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“One thing however that might seem unimportant is that they are actually quite fussy eaters. You would think they would eat any type of ant, but they all prefer a specific type ant.”可知，穿山甲实际上是挑剔的食者。你会认为他们会吃任何类型的蚂蚁，但他们更喜欢特定类型的蚂蚁。即划线词“fussy”意为“挑剔”的。A. Picky. 挑剔的；B. Messy.凌乱的；C. Showy.显眼的；D. Heavy.沉重的。故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though the documentary focuses less on the trafficking of pangolins, and more on the animals in their natural habitat”可知，该纪录片的重点不是穿山甲的贩运，而是更多地关注自然栖息地的穿山甲。因此这部纪录片的主要内容是穿山甲在自然栖息地的生活。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals in the world and are facing extinction. To draw attention to these scaly, anteater-like animals, a new wildlife documentary, Eye of the Pangolin, is attempting a unique way to inspire action and conservation.”可知，穿山甲正面临灭绝。一部新的野生动物纪录片《穿山甲之眼》正在尝试以一种独特的方式来呼吁人们采取行动保护它们。由这个话题内容可知，文章最有可能来自一本动物保护方面的杂志。A. A brochure. 一本小册子；B. A diary. 一本日记；C. A novel. 一本小说；D. A magazine. 一本杂志。故选D。‎ D You know the saying “You’re as young as you feel." Well, there may be some truth to that,‎ ‎ according to researchers at Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.‎ Ellen Langer, a Harvard psychologist who studies how the mind influences the body, and colleagues reviewed the scientific literature for evidence that a person’s perception of their age might influence their health. They published their results in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science.‎ In one study that Langer led, 47 women had their hair done. The women who thought their new hairdos made them look younger did look younger to objective observers, who were shown before-and-after pictures. The women who thought they looked younger also showed a drop in blood pressure. Another study involving 4,421 men found that those who became bald at a relatively young age were more likely to get cancer and heart disease than men who did not. Similarly, another study involving 2,017 men found that those who lost their hair early were more likely to develop heart disease. “We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,” the researchers wrote.‎ The researchers also described studies that found that women who had children later in life were more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early, which they attributed to the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women. Similarly, people who marry younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners, according to other studies.‎ Taken together, the research “supports the general mind-body hypothesis (假说) that when a younger mind is prepared, a younger body can accompany it.” While the mechanism(机制) remains unclear, the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can “make one unconsciously or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes that can have real effects on short-term and long-term health."‎ ‎12. What’s the author’s attitude towards the research results?‎ A. Negative. B. Indifferent.‎ C. Supportive. D. Objective.‎ ‎13. Which of the following statements is true according to paragraph 3?‎ A. Blood pressure is highly related to hairdos.‎ B. Getting cancer or heart disease is the cause of hair losing.‎ C. Feeling older than real age may be tied to health problems.‎ D. The women who love hairdos look younger than those don’t.‎ ‎14. It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ________.‎ A. often staying with younger people can benefit people's health B. the younger one of a couple lives much longer C a younger mother is more likely to live longer D. people who want to live longer need to marry ‎15. The passage mainly tells us that ________.‎ A. Getting bald too early is not good for health B. People’s feeling of their age may have an effect on their own health C. Feeling younger to a couple is very important to their health D. Women had better give birth later in their life ‎【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章告诉人们对自己年龄的感觉可能对自己的健康有影响，经常和年轻人呆在一起能有益于人们的健康。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句They published their results in the journal Perspectives on Psychological Science. 他们在《心理SC透视》杂志上发表了他们的研究成果。可知上句的意思是：同事们审阅科学文献以获取证据：一个人对自己年龄的看法可能影响他们的健康。划线词的意思是“观点，看法”。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,“我们认为，与实际年龄有关的情绪导致了一些健康问题，”可知感觉比实际年龄老可能与健康问题有关。根据句意可知选C。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第四段The researchers also described studies that found that women who had children later in life were more likely to be healthier and live longer than those who had children early, which they attributed to the fact that these mothers tend to spend more time with younger women. Similarly, people who marry younger partners tend to live longer than those who marry older partners, according to other studies.“‎ 研究人员还描述了一些研究，这些研究发现，晚育的女性比早育的女性更健康，寿命更长。研究人员认为，这是因为晚育的女性与年轻女性相处的时间更长。同样，根据其他研究，与年轻伴侣结婚的人往往比与年长伴侣结婚的人寿命更长。”可知经常和年轻人呆在一起能有益于人们的健康。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句You know the saying "You're as young as you feel." Well, there may be some truth；你知道这句话:“你感觉自己有多年轻，你就有多年轻。”嗯，也许有些道理；根据最后一段the researchers figured that suggestions associated with aging can “make one unconsciously or consciously aware of old age and set in motion a series of physiological processes that can have real effects on short-term and long-term health.” 研究人员认为，与衰老相关的建议可以“让人在不知不觉中或有意识地意识到自己变老了，并启动一系列的生理过程，这些生理过程可能对短期和长期的健康产生真正的影响。”可知本文告诉人们对自己年龄的感觉可能对自己的健康有影响。根据句意可知选B。‎ ‎【点睛】做推理判断题时，对于暗含在文章中的人物的行为动机、事件的因果关系及作者未言明的倾向、意图、态度、观点等要进行合乎逻辑的判断、推理、分析，进一步增强理解能力，抓住材料实质性的东西。本题第2小题，根据第三段最后一句We believe that the feelings associated with being older than one’s real age account for some of these health outcomes,“我们认为，与实际年龄有关的情绪导致了一些健康问题，”可知感觉比实际年龄老可能与健康问题有关。根据句意可知选C。‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Will you stop using plastic?‎ If you take a look around your kitchen or office right now, chances are that you’ll notice you’re surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods and produce bags. ___16___‎ It’s certainly not realistic to remove all plastic from your life, but let’s examine some statistics that may encourage you to reduce your single-use plastic footprint by throwing away straws, switching to reusable water bottles, bringing cloth bags to the grocery store and more.‎ According to a study published in the journal Science Advances, the popularity of plastic, which began rising in the 1950s, is growing out of control. ____17____ And there’s no sign of slowing down,‎ ‎ considering scientists say that another 12 trillion kilograms will be produced worldwide by 2050.‎ ‎“Every piece of plastic that has ever been created will remain in the environment in some form, but once we conveniently throw out our rubbish at home, wind and runoff carry our waste from landfills and streets to the ocean,” says Mystic Aquarium’s chief clinical veterinarian Jennifer Flower, DVM, MS. “Given that we are globally producing over 320 million tons of plastic annually, the marine environment is taking a big hit from our daily disposal of plastic.‎ ‎___18___ For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. If they die, there will be fewer big fish—and that could damage the food chain. Often our society is so focused on making our lives more convenient in the short term, but in the long run, our health and the health of marine life are at the expense of those everyday conveniences.”‎ ‎___19___ A recent report suggests that when heated, certain food additives (添加剂) can damage hormones, growth and development, as well as increase chances for children of being fat. ____20____ It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.‎ A. Our plastic consumption is directly affecting the life in the ocean.‎ B. People are concerned about the results of overusing plastic containers.‎ C. 8.2 trillion kilograms of plastic have been produced around the world.‎ D. Using plastic containers in microwaves is also harmful to children’s health.‎ E. Let’s stop using plastic for the benefit of the environment and human beings.‎ F. These are all examples of single-use plastic products, which is a hot topic nowadays.‎ G. The most concerning artificial additive BPA is a chemical used in the production of plastics.‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. C ‎ ‎18. A 19. D ‎ ‎20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。在我们的生活中，到处充斥着塑料制品，而且我们越来越多的使用塑料，文章介绍了过多的使用塑料给环境和我们的生活带来了不利影响。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文chances are that you’ll notice you’re surrounded by plastic—water bottles, to-go coffee cups, straws (吸管), plastic grocery bags, food wrappers, take-out containers, single-serve coffee pods ‎ and produce bags. 可知，所列举的这些都是塑料用品，在我们的生活中到处都是。由此可知，选项F“这些都是一次性塑料产品的例子，这是一个热门话题。”既承接上文，又引出本文的话题。故选F。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据下文的And there’s no sign of slowing down, considering scientists say that another 12 trillion kilograms will be produced worldwide by 2050. （考虑到科学家说到2050年世界范围内还将生产12万亿公斤，没有任何减缓的迹象。）尤其是数据another 12 trillion kilograms可知，选项C“全世界已经生产了8.2万亿公斤的塑料。”与下文最符。故选C。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据下文的For example, newborn fish are mistaking tiny bits of plastic waste for food. （例如，新生的鱼会把塑料垃圾当成食物。）及本段主要讲述塑料对海洋生物的影响可知，选项A“我们的塑料消费直接影响着海洋生物。”是本段的中心句。故选A。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 本段主要内容是关于塑料容器和金属罐装的食物中的某些食品添加剂在加热后会损害激素、生长发育，并增加儿童发胖的机会。尤其是本段的It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.可知，本段的中心句应为“在微波炉中使用塑料容器也对儿童的健康有害。”。故选D。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据下文的It is found in plastic containers and metal cans. Parents are urged to avoid using microwaves to warm food and drinks or placing plastics in the dishwasher.（它存在于塑料容器和金属罐中。家长应避免使用微波炉加热食物和饮料，或将塑料制品放入洗碗机。）结合上文可知，此处it指代的是添加剂，选项G“最受关注的人工添加剂BPA是一种用于塑料生产的化学物质。”中的BPA指的是一种添加剂。与下文正吻合。故选G。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Scott Poore is an animal lover. He moves into the shelter kennel(犬舍) with the ___21___ of helping unwanted young dogs get adopted. Queen, a 3-year-old dog, has just gotten the most ‎ ‎___22___ roommate despite the narrow living room.‎ Since Poore is a ___23___ visitor at the shelter, he is familiar with all of the ___24___. However, little Queen in particular has really ___25___ his heart. Poore says that he recently began to ___26___ that Queen seemed to be" losing ___27___"in finding a forever home. "I have been ___28___Queen every single day for over a year and now I can ___29___ see her giving up," Poore wrote on his blog last week. "She used to get so ___30___ when I would arrive and now she just lies in her bed and ___31___ at me. I sit in her room and all she does is look out of her window."‎ So as a ___32___ of raising awareness of Queen's situation, Poore ___33___ a suitcase and moved into the dog's kennel. Poore says it has been ___34___ managing his work while also living at the shelter, but he is ___35___ to stay in the kennel until someone adopts Queen. Since he ___36___ the kennel earlier this week, he and his new canine roommate have been ___37___ the headlines of dozens of national news outlets, although no potential ___38___ have stepped forward.‎ ‎___39___, this dog has finally been given a loving home after his ___40___ crossed with that of a woman living on the other side of the country.‎ ‎21. A. assistance B. exception C. aim D. name ‎22. A. devoted B. expected C. experienced D. talented ‎23. A. patient B. regular C. curious D. cautious ‎24. A. keepers B. investors C. colleagues D. animals ‎25. A. broken B. stolen C. understood D. lost ‎26. A. check B. notice C. suspect D. imagine ‎27. A. happiness B. freedom C. hope D. energy ‎28. A. visiting B. walking C. instructing D. training ‎29. A. naturally B. anxiously C. still D. obviously ‎30. A. excited B. concerned C. amazed D. disappointed ‎31. A. stands up B. looks down C. jumps down D. stares up ‎32. A. reward B. means C. consequence D. symbol ‎33. A. packed B. brought C. purchased D. delivered ‎34. A. meaningful B. vital C. tough D. unusual ‎35. A. satisfied B. inspired C. honoured D. ‎ determined ‎36. A. cleared up B. cared for C. settled into D. met with ‎37. A. hitting B. discussing C. hearing D. encouraging ‎38. A. customers B. donators C. employers D. adopters ‎39. A. Increasingly B. Pitifully C. Delightfully D. Deliberately ‎40. A. view B. path C. mind D. story ‎【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。Scott Poore是一个动物爱好者。他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。文章讲述了他为Queen最终找到一个充满爱的家庭的故事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助那些没人要的小狗被收养。A. assistance帮助；B. exception例外；C. aim目的；D. name名字。上周，Poore搬进了收容所的狗舍，目的是帮助无人要的小狗找到收养人。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Queen是一只3岁的狗，尽管客厅狭小，但它还是成为了最忠实的室友。A. devoted忠诚的；B. expected预期的，预料的；C. experienced有经验的；D. talented有才能的。根据上下文可知，Poore是Queen最忠诚的室友。devoted“忠诚的”。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。A. patient耐心的；B. regular定期的，有规律的；C. curious好奇的；D. cautious谨慎的。根据第8空后的every single day for over a year and now可知，Poore是这家动物收容所的常客，对所有的动物都很熟悉。regular “经常的”，a regular visitor“一名常客”。故选B。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于Poore是动物收容所的常客，他对所有的动物都很熟悉。 A. keepers看守人；B. investors投资者；C. colleagues同事；D. animals动物。同上解析。故选 D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而, Queen真的偷了他的心。A. broken折断，打碎；B. stolen 偷；C. understood明白，理解；D. lost丢失。然而，Queen却特别让Poore上心。Steal sb’s heart“博得某人的欢心”，在这里表示Poore喜欢Queen。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他最近开始注意到Queen在寻找一个永远的家方面似乎“失去了希望”。A. check核实；B. notice注意到；C. suspect怀疑；D. imagine想象。根据第7空后的in finding a forever home.可知，此处指他“注意到”Queen。故选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他最近开始注意到Queen在寻找一个永远的家方面似乎“失去了希望”。A. happiness 幸福；B. freedom自由；C. hope希望；D. energy能量。Poore说，他开始注意到Queen似乎“失去了找到一个永远的家的希望”。下文中的“see her giving up”也是暗示。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：上周，Poore在自己的博客中写道:“一年多来，我每天都去探望Queen，现在我可以明显地看到她放弃了。”A. visiting访问；B. walking 散步；C. instructing指导；D. training训练。根据第8空后的Queen every single day for over a year可知，去“探望”Queen。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：上周，Poore在自己的博客中写道:“一年多来，我每天都去探望Queen，现在我可以明显地看到她放弃了。”A. naturally自然地；B. anxiously焦虑地；C. still仍然；D. obviously显而易见地。一年多来，Poore每天都去探望Queen，他很明显地看到他放弃了。故选D。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一到她家，她就变得非常兴奋，现在她躺在床上盯着我看。A. excited 兴奋的；B. concerned有关的，关心的；C. amazed惊讶的；D. disappointed感到失望的。根据第10空后的when I would arrive可知，她看到我“感到兴奋”。故选A。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：我一到她家，她就变得非常兴奋，现在她躺在床上盯着我看。A. stands ‎ up 站起；B. looks down轻视；C. jumps down跳下；D. stares up朝上顶着。此处指她现在“盯着我看”。故选D。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了提高人们对Queen处境的认识，Poore打包了一个手提箱，搬进了狗窝。A. reward报酬；B. means手段，方法；C. consequence结果；D. symbol象征，符号。此处指a means of“一种方法”。故选B。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：因此，为了提高人们对Queen处境的认识，Poore打包了一个手提箱，搬进了狗窝。A. packed包装；B. brought带来；C. purchased购置；D. delivered递送。为了引起人们对Queen处境的关注，Poore收拾好手提箱，搬进了这只小狗的狗舍。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他住在动物收容所的同时，也很难管理好自己的工作，但他决心留在狗舍里，直到有人收养了Queen。A. meaningful有意义的；B. vital至关重要的；C. tough艰苦的，困难的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据第14空后的managing his work while also living at the shelter, but可知，Poore住在动物收容所的同时很难做好自己的工作，但他决心留在收容所，直到有人收养Queen。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Poore说，他住在动物收容所的同时，也很难管理好自己的工作，但他决心留在狗舍里，直到有人收养了Queen。A. satisfied感到满意的；B. inspired能力卓越的；C. honoured感到荣幸的；D. determined坚决的。参见上题解析。determined“坚决的”。故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. cleared up清除；B. cared for关心，喜爱；C. settled into迁入，住进；D. met with遭遇。自从本周早些时候Poore住进动物收容所以来，他和Queen已经成了许多家全国性媒体的新闻焦点。故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. hitting击打；B. discussing讨论；C. hearing听见；D. encouraging鼓舞。参见上题解析。故选A。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：自从这个星期早些时候他住进狗舍以来，他和他的新狗室友已经上了几十家全国性新闻媒体的头条，尽管还没有潜在的收养者站出来。A. customers客户；B. donators捐赠者；C. employers雇主；D. adopters养父母。根据although引导让步状语从句和语境可知，此处谈及没有潜在的收养者。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗终于有了一个充满爱的家，因为它与住在这个国家另一边的一位女士相遇了。A. Increasingly 渐增地；B. Pitifully可怜地；C. Delightfully欣然地；D. Deliberately故意地。根据第19空后的this dog has finally been given a loving home可知，狗有了一个充满爱的家，所以“感到欣慰”。故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，这只狗终于有了一个充满爱的家，因为它与住在这个国家另一边的一位女士相遇了。A. view观察，视野；B. path小路；C. mind理智；D. story故事。在Queen与一个住在这个国家另一端的女人相遇后，这只小狗终于有了一个充满爱的家。此处的path比喻“人生的轨迹”，cross sb.’s path“邂诟”。故选B。‎ 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Everyone would have success if it ___41___ (be) free. But there are few successful individuals and each of them had put in enough productive work ___42___ they received anything in return. While working hard on what you believe in, you're understanding its true value. You begin to respect the work itself, to build some ___43___ (exception) qualities along the way, and to learn important life lessons during it.‎ There is a popular ___44___ (believe) that in the beginning of your journey, you aren't ready to handle the success and all the responsibilities that come together with it. But earning it with sweat and sacrifices ___45___ (prepare) you for that. So the hard work, together with the time it takes, is ___46___ must on your journey to success. It makes you who you have to turn into ___47___ (live) the better life that's waiting for you. What's more, the harder you work on your dream, the more confident you become.‎ Hard work gives you a purpose — it helps you to be patient, to take action instead of waiting ___48___ (mere) for things to happen, to stop blaming yourself or others and take responsibility for ‎ anything you have or don't have in your life.‎ Now that you know all this about hard work, never ___49___ (question) its power. Instead, create your strategy, make a step-by-step plan and take the first step towards success no later than today. Your hard work will ___50___ doubt pay off!‎ ‎【答案】41. were ‎ ‎42. before 43. exceptional ‎ ‎44. belief 45. prepares ‎ ‎46. a 47. to live ‎ ‎48. merely 49. question ‎ ‎50. without/beyond ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章谈论的是一个人如何“成功”。努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的一切承担责任。你的努力一定会有回报的!‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查if引导的虚拟语气。句意：如果它是免费的，每个人都会成功。此处是if引导的虚拟语气，与现在的事实相反，主句用would+动词原形，则if非真实条件句中用一般过去时态，be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were，故填were。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查before引导的时间状语从句。句意：但是成功的人很少，他们每个人在得到任何回报之前都已经投入了足够多的生产性工作。结合句意此处是before引导的时间状语从句，故填before。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：你开始尊重工作本身，在工作的过程中培养一些特别的品质，并从中学到重要的人生经验。此处qualities“品质”是名词，由形容词修饰，所给词exception“例外”是名词，其形容词是exceptional“异常的，例外的”，故填exceptional。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：人们普遍认为，在你人生旅程的开始，你还没有准备好迎接成功以及随之而来的所有责任。此处popular“受欢迎的”是形容词，修饰名词，所给词believe 是动词，其名词是belief“信赖，信仰”，再根据前面的不定冠词a，所以这里用单数名词，故填belief。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查一般现在时态和主谓一致。句意：但用汗水和牺牲换来它是为你做好准备的。这里在说一个客观事实，句子用一般现在时态，且动名词作主语，后面的谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填prepares。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查不定冠词a。句意：因此，在通往成功的道路上，努力工作和时间是必须的。此处must是名词，是抽象名词具体化，a must表示“必备的知识或技能”。故填a。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查动词不定式作目的状语。句意：为了过上正在等你的更好生活，它会让你成为你必须变成的人。此处是动词不定式做目的状语。故填to live。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考场副词。句意：努力工作给你一个目标——它帮助你有耐心，采取行动，而不是只是坐等事情发生，停止责备自己或他人，为你生活中拥有或没有的一切承担责任。此处副词修饰动词，故填merely。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查祈使句。句意：既然你知道这些关于努力工作的事，就不要怀疑它的力量。此处是now that引导的原因状语从句，主句是否定祈使句，never已经给出，所给词question是动词，意思是“怀疑”，所以这里用动词原形，故填question。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：你的努力一定会有回报的!固定搭配：without/beyond doubt“毋庸置疑”。故填without/beyond。‎ ‎【点睛】If引导的虚拟语气：‎ ‎1.表示与现在事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+动词一般过去时(Be动词用were)主句：主语+ should/would/might/could+do：If I were you，I would take an umbrella.如果我是你，我会带把伞。（事实：我不可能是你）‎ ‎2.表示与过去事实相反的情况 从句：If+主语+had+done主句：主语+should/would/might/could+have done：If I had got there earlier，I should/would have met her.如果我早到那儿，我就会见到她。（事实：去晚了）‎ ‎3.表示与将来事实相反 从句：①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should+do③if+主语+动词一般过去式（be动词用were）主句:主语+should/would/might/could+do:If he should come here tomorrow，I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话，我就跟他谈谈。（事实：来的可能性很小，不可能）‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The mascot(吉祥物) for the 2022 Winter Olympic Games official made its public appearance on Tuesday. It was a cartoon character inspired by giant pandas. The smiling panda is named with Bing Dwen Dwen in Chinese. Color circles around its face symbolize skating tracks and ‎5G technology. Bing, Chinese word for "ice", shows purity and strength, but Dwen Dwen, means sincerity, liveliness and health — also characteristics of pandas. Perhaps pandas are the animals most easily recognizing by us in China. The mascot combines our traditional culture and how pandas look like with winter sports elements. The image shows our great expect of the Games and that our Chinese welcome the world.‎ ‎【答案】1. official→officially ‎2. was→is ‎3. 删除named 后的with ‎4. Color→Colorful ‎5. Chinese word前加the ‎6. but→while/and ‎7. recognizing→recongnized ‎8. how→what ‎9. expect→expectation(s)‎ ‎10. our→we ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍2020年冬奥会的吉祥物以及它所代表的寓意。‎ ‎【详解】1.考查副词。句意：本周二，2022年冬奥会吉祥物正式亮相。此处made是动词，由副词修饰，故把official改成officially。‎ ‎2.考查一般现在时态。句意：这是一个受大熊猫启发的卡通人物。文章在说一个客观事实，所以句子用一般现在时态，故把was改成is。‎ ‎3.考查被动语态。句意：微笑的熊猫被命名为Bing Dwen Dwen。此处name“命名”是及物动词，此处是一般现在时态的被动语态，所以with是多余的，故把with去掉。‎ ‎4.考查形容词。句意：它的脸周围的彩色圆圈象征着冰道和‎5G技术。此处circles“圆圈”是名词，由形容词修饰，color是名词“颜色”，其形容词是colorful“富有色彩的”，故把Color改成Colorful。‎ ‎5.考查定冠词the。句意：“冰”字代表纯洁和力量，而“Dwen Dwen”则代表真诚、活泼和健康——这也是熊猫的特点。此处特指“冰”，所用要用定冠词the。故在Chinese word前加the。‎ ‎6.考查并列连词。句意：“冰”字代表纯洁和力量，而“Dwen Dwen”则代表真诚、活泼和健康——这也是熊猫的特点。此处表示一种对比或递进的并列关系。故把but改成while/and。‎ ‎7.考查过去分词作后置定语。句意：也许熊猫是我们在中国最容易识别的动物。此处animals 和recognize之间是一种被动关系，是过去分词作后置定语，故把recognizing改成recongnized。‎ ‎8.考查what引导的宾语从句。句意：吉祥物结合了我们的传统文化和熊猫的样子与冬季运动元素。此处动词combine后面是宾语从句，从句谓语动词look like缺少宾语，意思是“看起来像什么样子”，而how表示“怎样，如何”，故把how改成what。‎ ‎9.考查名词。句意：这幅图显示了我们对奥运会的巨大期待，我们中国人欢迎世界。此处great是形容词，修饰名词，故把expect改成expectation(s)。‎ ‎10.考查代词主格。句意：这幅图显示了我们对奥运会的巨大期待，我们中国人欢迎世界。此处that引导的宾语从句中，Chinese是句子主语的同位语，起强调作用，意思是“我们中国人”，所以主语的代词应该用主格，故把our改成we。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，一名高三学生。你的美国网友Mike来信询问你及家人是如何应对新型冠状病毒以及它带来的改变和你的感受。请给对方写一封回信，内容包括：‎ ‎1. 写信目的；‎ ‎2. 措施和改变；‎ ‎3. 你的感受。‎ 注意：1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：the novel coronavirus n. 新型冠状病毒; mask n. 口罩 Dear Mike,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Mike,‎ I'm more than delighted to receive your letter and really appreciate your concern about my family's health at this very moment. I'm writing to tell you about what we've done and how I feel.‎ Over the past three months, the novel coronavirus has spread around China. As a consequence, we're required to stay indoors and avoid contact with others. Every time we have to go out, we must wear protective masks. When coming back from outside, we should wash hands thoroughly and air the room. In addition, as senior three students, we're instructed to take online courses conducted by our teachers who also selflessly answer our questions after class, improving our study.‎ For us Chinese the ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus is both a crisis and a big test. Luckily, with arduous work and courageous devotion of the government and thousands of doctors and nurses, the outbreak is under control and the number of infected people is steadily declining. With joint efforts, we will surely defeat it.‎ Looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封书信：假定你是李华，一名高三学生。你美国网友Mike来信询问你及家人是如何应对新型冠状病毒以及它带来的改变和你的感受。请给对方写一封回信，内容包括：1. 写信目的；2. 措施和改变；3. 你的感受。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：more than delighted to receive your letter（非常高兴收到你的来信）；at this very moment（此时此刻）；Over the past three months（在过去的三个月里）；the ongoing outbreak of the novel coronavirus（新型冠状病毒的持续爆发）；等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】本文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。同时文中使用高级句子。I'm writing to tell you about what we've done and how I feel.句中使用what和how引导的宾语从句；Every time we have to go out, we must wear protective masks.句中Every time引导时间状语从句；we're instructed to take online courses conducted by our teachers who also selflessly answer our questions after class, improving our study.现在分词作伴随状语。‎