【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2Healthyeating教案设计（13页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修3一轮复习：Unit2Healthyeating教案设计（13页）

Unit 2 Healthy eating 教案设计 Objectives To help students understand the text’s forms and contents and learn about healthy eating ‎ To help students communicate on the topic in focus with the words, expressions and structures learned in this unit Focus 重点单词：‎ diet, balance, fry, ought,　raw, strength, consult,　debt , limit, benefit, combine 重点短语：‎ ought to 应当；应该　lose weight 体重减轻；减肥 get away with 被放过；（做坏事）不受惩罚　tell a lie 说谎　win…back 赢回；重新获得 earn one’s living 谋生 in debt 欠债　cut down 削减；删节　before long 不久以后　put on weight 增加体重 重点句型：‎ ‎1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. ‎ ‎2.“Nothing could be better.”he thought. ‎ ‎3.　He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ‎ ‎4. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices. ‎ ‎5.He had better do some research.‎ ‎6. It cost more than a good meal in his own restaurant.‎ ‎7. The competition between the two restaurants was on!‎ ‎8. His restaurant ought to be full of people.‎ ‎9.I don’t want them to remind me of her. ‎ 重点语法：‎ 情态动词（二） ought to/ought not to; have to/ don’t have to; ‎ mustn’t ；needn’t等的用法。‎ Procedures Warming up We have heard of the proverb “You are what you eat!” This means that our health and strength are directly related to our diet. So this unit encourages us to examine our own eating practice and see whether we are eating a healthy diet or not.‎ Step 1　Health Survey Complete the questionnaire below by choosing the answers that best describe you. Then, compare your answers with a partner.‎ How Healthy Are You?‎ ‎1. I .‎ a. don’t eat any meat; I’m a vegetarian b. eat red meat maybe once or twice a week ‎ c. eat red meat at least once a day ‎2. In my family, we have a history of heart disease and diabetes.‎ a. Not true. b. I’m not sure. c. Yes, we do.‎ ‎3. I try to have at least two servings each of fruit and vegetables .‎ a. every day b. every week c. every month ‎4. I try to avoid things that will affect my health negatively, such as smoking, drinking, and eating junk food.‎ a. always b. sometimes c. never ‎5. I vitamins.‎ a. take b. sometimes take c. don’t take The key to your health: A=3 points, B=2, C=1. Now add up your score, and read the results below.‎ ‎12—15 points: You’re in great health! Keep up the good work.‎ ‎7—11 points: You’re pretty healthy, but remember, there are always ways that we can take better care of ourselves! There are some things you need to do to be healthier.‎ ‎6 or fewer points: Do you get sick often? It might be your diet. You should think about changing your eating habits and perhaps your lifestyle—soon!‎ Step 2　sharing opinions This activity shows students how different kinds of food are grouped according to the benefit they give us. This is important as it allows us to talk about the value of particular food to our health.‎ Everybody has to eat, but do you eat a healthy diet? Do you know that the food you eat ‎ helps you grow in different ways?‎ Benefit provide energy ‎(Energy)‎ grow bones and muscles ‎(Building)‎ help the body fight diseases ‎(Protective)‎ Food rice noodles bread spaghetti, potatoes chocolate cream oils nuts meat eggs cheese milk tofu most vegetables most fruit My favorite meal What will happen to you if you don’t eat a balanced diet?‎ Suggested answers:‎ ‎1. If you eat too much energy-giving foods you will become fat and suffer from high blood pressure.‎ ‎2. If you eat too much body-building food you will grow taller and stronger but not necessarily healthier.‎ ‎3.If you eat too much protective foods for every meal you may lack energy. However without protective food (over a long period of time) you can get serious illnesses like scurvy (lack of vitamin C ) or rickets (lack of vitamin D).‎ ‎4. If you don’t eat enough food of any of the three kinds you may get anorexia (too thin).‎ Pre-reading ‎1. What do you think should go into a good meal?‎ ‎(A good meal should contain some food from each of the three categories above.)‎ ‎2. Imagine you and your partner are going to invite some friends for dinner. What special food of your place would you offer them? Plan a menu.‎ Reading COME AND EAT HERE (1)‎ Task 1: Fast reading—Main idea Being driven by curiosity, Wang Peng, an restaurant owner, spied on Yong Hui’s restaurant and put on a competition with Yong Hui.‎ Task 2: Main idea of each part ‎ The passage can be divided into 3 parts. Give the main idea in each part. ‎ ‎1 Wang Peng is worried because his restaurant is not as full as it usually is.‎ ‎2 He follows his friend to a newly opened restaurant which is very popular.‎ ‎3 Worried, he does some research to win his customers back.‎ Task 3: Careful reading—Detailed information Answer these questions:‎ ‎1. The weakness of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it did not give_____________________. (enough protective food)‎ ‎2. The strength of the diet in Wang Peng’s restaurant was that it provided________________. ( plenty of energy-giving food)‎ ‎3. The weakness of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it did not give________________. (enough energy-giving food)‎ ‎4. The strength of the diet in Yong Hui’s restaurant was that it provided_____________________. (plenty of protective food)‎ Task 4: The information of the two restaurants Wang Peng’s Yong Hui’s menu mutton kebabs, roast pork,‎ fried rice fruit, water, raw vegetables strength energy foods, fit fiber foods, slim weakness fat, not enough fiber not enough energy, feel tired fast price not very expensive expensive Task 5: Discussion Discuss these questions in pairs. Write down your main points and compare them with those of another pair.‎ ‎1 What do you think Wang Peng will provide to win his customers back?‎ ‎2 How do you think the story will end?‎ Language Points in Warming up:‎ ‎1. diet［C］sort of food that is usually eaten (个人、社区等) 通常所吃的食物；节食 diet是可数名词，常与不定冠词a连用。‎ The doctor put him on a diet after operation. 手术之后，医生规定了他的饮食。‎ She is on a special diet to lose weight. 她为了减肥而吃特别规定的饮食。‎ The Japanese diet often includes rice, fish and vegetables.日本人的饮食常包括大米、鱼和蔬菜等。‎ Proper diet and exercise are both important for health. 适当的饮食和锻炼对健康很重要。‎ ‎◆be(go) on a diet意为“节食”“吃限定的食品”。‎ ‎2. energy n. ‎ ‎（1）ability to act or work with strength and eagerness精力、活力。‎ He had so much energy that he did the work of three men. ‎ 他精力旺盛，能做三个人的工作。‎ He is full of energy.他精力充沛。‎ ‎（2）fuel and other resources used for operating machinery,etc.能量，能源 This kind of food can give you a lot of energy. ‎ 这种食物能为你提供大量的能量。‎ Plants absorb energy from the sun.‎ 植物吸收太阳的能量。‎ ‎3. balance n.& v. ‎ ‎(1) n. steadiness平衡状态 keep the balance of nature保持生态平衡 A small child has to learn to keep its balance before it can walk.‎ 小孩在能走远之前，必须先学会保持平衡。‎ ‎(2) vt. keep or put (sth) in a state of balance保持平衡,权衡 How long can you balance yourself on one foot? ‎ 你用一只脚能站多久？ ‎ We must balance the two plans.‎ 我们必须把这两个计划比较一下。‎ ‎◆be in the balance成败未定，前途未卜 lose one’s balance失去平衡，心慌意乱 keep one’s balance 保持平衡 Language Points in Come And Eat Here (1):‎ ‎1. Wang Peng sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated. ‎ 王鹏坐在他那空荡荡的餐馆里，感到很沮丧。 ‎ 在此句中，feeling very frustrated是现在分词短语作伴随状语。如： ‎ He sat at the table reading China Daily. ‎ 他坐在桌旁边看《中国日报》。 ‎ Laughing and talking, they went into the room. ‎ 他们有说有笑地走进房间。 ‎ 单项选择 ‎ ‎（1）The secretary worked late into the night, a long speech for the president. ‎ A. to prepare B. preparing　 C. prepared 　D. was preparing 　答案: B ‎（2 ） from the top of the hill, the city looks very beautiful. ‎ A. Seen B. Seeing 　C. To see D. See 　　答案: A ‎ ‎2. By now his restaurant ought to be full of people.‎ ought to: 应当;应该 I think there's a train at 8:20 but you ought to make certain.  ‎ 我想8点20分有一班火车, 不过你应该打听清楚.‎ China ought to make a greater contribution to humanity.  中国应当对于人类有较大的贡献。‎ ‎3.“Nothing could be better.”he thought. 　他想，“再没有比这些更好吃的了”。 ‎ 此句子用比较级形式表示最高级的意义。含义是All his foods could be the best. ‎ ‎(1) He is taller than any other boy in his class.=He is the tallest boy in his class.‎ 他是班上最高的男生。 ‎ ‎（2）A:How are you getting on? 你怎么样？ ‎ B：Nothing could be better. （Everything is OK.） 再好不过了。 ‎ ‎（3）“Did you sleep well last night?” “你昨夜睡得怎样？”‎ ‎“Never better, like a rock.” “从未这么好过，睡得很死。” ‎ ‎【注意】 否定句与比较级连用，实际上表示的是最高级的含义。 ‎ Nobody loved money better than he. ‎ 没人比他更贪财。（他最贪财。） ‎ I think nothing is more pleasant than traveling. ‎ 我想没有什么比旅行更令人愉快。（旅行最令人愉快。） ‎ 单项选择 ‎ ‎（1）—Go for a picnic this weekend, OK? ‎ ‎— . I love getting close to nature. ‎ A. I couldn’t agree more B. I’m afraid not C. I believe not D. I don’ t think so 答案: A ‎（2）—How do you like our hotel? ‎ ‎—I couldn’t have found a one. ‎ A. good B. better 　C. best D. fine 　　答案: B ‎4. Something terrible must have happened if Li Chang was not coming to eat in his restaurant as he always did. 如果李昌不像往常一样来他的餐馆吃饭，那一定就是发生了可怕的事情。　‎ must have done表示对过去已发生的事情作出肯定猜测，译为“一定做过”，只能用于肯定句，其否定式为can’t/couldn’t have done.’‎ I posted a book to her three weeks ago. She must have received it. ‎ 三周前我邮给她一本书，她一定收到了。 ‎ He can’t have been to your house. He doesn’t know your address. ‎ 他不可能去你家，他不知道你的地址。 ‎ 情态动词+have done常见的还有should have done，表示本来应该做某事（但实际上没做）。 ‎ could have done本来能够做某事（但实际没做） ‎ needn’t have done本没必要做某事（但实际做了） ‎ must have done肯定做了某事 ‎ can’t/couldn’t have done不可能做某事 ‎ might have done可能做了某事（可能性小一些） ‎ ‎5. curiosity : eager to know n.好奇心；求知欲 He is burning with curiosity to know what has happened. ‎ 他极渴望知道发生了什么事。‎ His curiosity to learn new knowledge is quite strong. ‎ 他对新知识的求知欲很强。‎ adj. curious 好奇的，好打听（隐私）的 Many people are curious about the origin of mankind.‎ 很多人对于人类的起源很感兴趣。‎ 短语或句型 out of/from curiosity出于好奇 be curious to do sth.极想做某事 be curious about sth.对……感到好奇 It’s curious that… 真奇怪……‎ ‎6. Wang Peng was amazed at this and especially at the prices. ‎ 王鹏感到吃惊，尤其是对它们的价格。 ‎ be amazed at表示“对……感到惊讶”。 ‎ Everybody was amazed at his words. 大家都对他的话感到惊讶。 ‎ ‎◆be amazed之后除接介词at，还可接不定式，that从句等。 ‎ I was amazed to hear that you were leaving.　听说你要离开，我很吃惊。　‎ She was amazed that I was only twenty.　我只有二十岁，她对此感到很惊讶。　‎ ‎◆be surprised at对……感到吃惊 ‎ be delighted at对……感到高兴 ‎ be sad at对……感到难过 ‎ ‎7. It cost more than a good meal in his own restaurant. 这比在他自己的餐馆里吃顿好饭还要贵。 ‎ more than意为“多于……”；“不止”；“不仅仅……” ‎ More than one man knows about it.不止一人知道此事。 ‎ He is more than a teacher.他不仅仅是位老师。 ‎ 归纳: ‎ ‎(1)形容词比较级用于两者或双方之间的比较，常用句型有： ‎ ‎“比较级+than...”表示两者程度有差异。 ‎ ‎“as+原级形容词+as...”表示双方程度相同。 ‎ ‎“比较级+and+比较级”表示“越来越……”。 ‎ ‎“the+比较级+of the two + n .”表示两者中更……的那一个。 ‎ ‎(2)no more than与not more than的区别： ‎ ‎①no more than意为“和……一样不……”指前后两者都差不多；‎ not more than意为“并不比……更……。” ‎ not只否定前者，表示前者不如后者。 ‎ ‎②接数字时，no more than意为“仅仅”（指少的意义）；‎ not more than意为“至多”“不多于”（指事实）。 ‎ 单项选择 ‎ ‎（1）Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has IQ. ‎ A. a high B. higher 　　C. the higher D. the highest 　答案: B ‎（2）The patient feels better today. ‎ A. much; than B. much 　C. very D. very; than 　答案: B ‎（3）Of the two toys,the child chose . ‎ A. the less expensive one B. the one most expensive ‎ C. the less expensive D. the most expensive of them 　　答案: A ‎8.　He could not have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies! ‎ 他可不能让咏慧欺骗人们后跑掉。 ‎ have sb. doing sth.让某人做某事。(强调持续做某事) ‎ She always has the TV going the whole night. 她总是让电视机整晚开着。 ‎ ‎【注意】 have sb doing sth.与won’t或cannot连用时，表示“制止”或“拒绝”。 ‎ I won’t have you talking to me that way. 不准你用这种方式跟我讲话。 ‎ ‎① have+sb+过去分词 ‎ I’m not going to have you mixed up with this sort of business. ‎ 我不会允许你同这种事搅在一起。 ‎ ‎② have+sb+动词原形 ‎ Have Li Ping do it.　叫(让)李平做此事。 ‎ ‎③have+sb+副词 ‎ will you have him in?　你把他请进来好吗？ ‎ ‎④have+sb+介词短语 ‎ I had her at the house.　我让他呆在家里。 ‎ ‎⑤have+sb+形容词 ‎ Please have them ready for class. 　请让他们做好上课准备。 ‎ ‎9. get away with (做了某事)而不受惩罚；携带……跑掉 ‎ They got away with having damaged the car. ‎ 他们损坏了汽车却逃之夭夭。 ‎ 相关短语：‎ get across　解释清楚，使人了解　‎ get along/on...　靠……为生　‎ get along/on with　进展……，与……相处　‎ get around/round　走动，（消息）传开　‎ get down to...　开始，着手……　‎ get to到达　‎ get down　写下，从……下来　‎ get up起床，上去　‎ get out of逃避，改掉　‎ ‎10. tell a lie 撒谎　‎ Of course it’s true. I wouldn’t tell you a lie.　当然这是真的，我不会对你说谎的。‎ ‎　◆（1）说谎　lie→lied→lied→lying ‎ ‎(2)　躺；位于lie→lay→lain→lying ‎ ‎（3）（lay放置；下蛋 ）lay→laid→laid→laying ‎ I laid a book on the desk.我把一本书放在书桌上了。 ‎ Hens can lay eggs.母鸡能下蛋。 ‎ 单项选择　‎ ‎（1）—what did Joe do?　‎ ‎—He　　　　　　asleep all morning.　‎ A.　lain　　B.　laid　C.　lay　　D.　lying　　　　答案：Ｃ　　　‎ ‎（2）Do you know the boy under the tree? ‎ A. lay B. lain 　　C. laying D. lying 　　答案：Ｄ ‎11.　He had better do some research. 他最好做一番调查。 ‎ had better do sth.最好做某事 ‎ You had better set out at once.你最好立即动身。 ‎ had better应看作情态动词，通用于所有人称，其否定式为had better not。 ‎ He is doing his homework and you had better not trouble him. ‎ 他正在做作业，你最好别打扰他了。‎ ‎12. Perhaps with a discount and a new sign he would win his customers back.‎ ‎ (1)discount: n. amount of money taken off the cost of sth折扣 ‎ These goods will be sold at a discount.  这些货物将减价出售。‎ Better reduce the price than allow a discount.  与其给折扣，不如减价。‎ ‎(2) win back: 赢回; 重新获得 The party must try to win back the support it has lost. 该党须设法重获人心.‎ ‎13. The competition between the two restaurants was on! 这两个餐馆之间的竞争开始了！ ‎ on adv. 进行中，在做，上演。与be和have连用，表示各种含义。 ‎ ‎（1）What’s on? (=What’s happening?或What’s the programme?) ‎ 发生了什么事？有什么节目？ ‎ ‎（2）What’s on (=What films are being shown)at the local cinema this week? ‎ 这个星期本地电影院上演什么片子？ ‎ ‎（3）Have you anything on tonight?你今晚有事吗？（你今晚有约会吗？） ‎ Language Points in Comprehending(P11):‎ strength n. quality of being strong力，力量；体力；实力，长处 She doesn’t have enough strength to walk upstairs.‎ 她没有足够的力气走上楼梯。‎ Chinese is his strength. 擅长中文是他的长处。‎ v. strengthen : become stronger加强，变强；使强壮 We want to strengthen our ties with them.‎ 我们想加强与他们的关系。‎ Language Points in Learning about Language (P12):‎ consult 　vt. go to (a person, book, etc) for information请教，咨询；查阅，参考 You had better consult your doctor about your rash.‎ 你长疹子的事最好去咨询医生。‎ I consulted the telephone book for his address.‎ 我查阅电话簿找他的住址。‎ vi. discuss matters with sb (与人)商量；协议 He consulted with his business partners about the matter.‎ 他与事业合伙人商议这件事。‎ Come And Eat Here (2)‎ Pre-reading Learn these proverbs:‎ ‎ You are what you eat. 人如其食。‎ ‎ First wealth is health. 健康是人生的第一财富。‎ ‎ An apple a day keeps the doctor away. 一天一个苹果，医生不来找。‎ Reading ‎ Step1 In pairs discuss these questions after reading the passage.‎ ‎1. How did Yong Hui feel when she came to Wang Peng’s restaurant? Why?‎ She felt angry because she thought Wang Peng had come into her restaurant to spy on her.‎ ‎2. How did they solve their problems and become good friends?‎ ‎(a) Wang Peng showed that he wanted to cooperate and not compete with Yong Hui.‎ ‎(b) They succeeded in finding a menu that provided a balanced menu.‎ ‎3. Why was their cooperation a success?‎ (a) They cooperated successfully in business.‎ ‎(b) They liked each other.‎ Step 2 Fill in the chart below.‎ What did they do?‎ Result ‎ Combine their menu and provide a balanced one 1. raw vegetables with hamburgers 2. the boiled potatoes, not fried 3. fresh fruit with ice cream 1. cut down the fat 2. increase the fiber 3. a big success Step 3 Language Points in Come And Eat Here (2):‎ ‎1. Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant. ‎ 也许他仍然能够谋生，而不至于关闭自己的餐馆。 ‎ after all在此意为“虽然……但是仍然……”。 ‎ After all his efforts, he also failed this time. 虽然他很努力，但他这次仍然失败了。 ‎ After all my care, it was broken. 虽然我已尽量小心，仍然把它打破了。 ‎ 归纳: ‎ ‎（1）after all“结果；终究”，表示结果与预想不同，通常置于句尾。 ‎ ‎（2）after all“毕竟，究竟”，导出原因，通常置于句首。这种用法的after all可以译为“别忘了；须知；应记住；要知道”。 ‎ ‎2.　earn one’s living 谋生；以……为生 ‎ She used to earn her living by selling drinks. 她曾经以卖饮料来维持生活。 ‎ 归纳:‎ earn a living谋生 ‎ make a/one’s living谋生 ‎ earn one’s own living自食其力 ‎ earn one’s bread谋生 【注意】 bread不可数，不能说earn a bread ‎ ‎3. in debt 欠债；负债；欠人情 ‎ He was always in debt when he was young. 他年轻时，经常负债。 ‎ He is heavily in debt.他负债累累。 ‎ 归纳: ‎ ‎（1）be/get out of debt　还清负债；没欠债 ‎ ‎（2）get/run/fall into debt借债；负债 ‎ ‎（3）be in debt to sb. 欠某人的债 ‎4. glare v . angry or fierce look怒目而视 ‎ They stood glaring at each other. 他们站着互相怒目而视。 ‎ 辨析： glare, stare, gaze 与 glance ‎（1）glare作动词时意为“瞪视，凝视”，指愤怒或威胁地凝视，强调威胁或敌对的态度。‎ ‎（2）stare 意为“注视，凝视”，指目不转睛地盯着看，带有好奇、惊喜、沉思或恐惧等感情，常有意或无意地带有贬义。‎ ‎（3）gaze 表示注意力很集中。‎ ‎（4）glance 意为“一瞥，看一眼，粗略地看一看”，指一看的结果。‎ They didn’t fight, but stood there glaring at each other.‎ 他们没有打起来，但却站在那儿怒目而视。‎ He glanced at his watch and left in a hurry.‎ 他看了看表，然后匆忙离开了。‎ ‎ “I’m going to get married,” he said. I stared at him in disbelief.‎ ‎“我要结婚了。”他说。我盯着他，难以置信。‎ 单项选择 ‎ ‎（1）The tiger angrily at the cat. ‎ A. stared B. gazed C. glared D. watched 答案：C ‎(2) I only at your work, but it seems to be good.‎ ‎ A. glared B. glanced C. stared D. gazed 答案：B ‎5. I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy on me and my menu. 我本来以为你是一为新顾客，现在我才发现你知识过来打探我和我的菜谱的。 ‎ only to spy... 在句中做目的状语 only to do sth. 和 only doing sth.‎ ‎◆only to do sth. 表示一个与主语愿望相反的或出乎主语医疗的结果，或用来暗示最初的未能实现的动作。‎ ‎ only doing sth. 表示谓语动词本身的动作造成的结果。‎ ‎6. benefit n. ‎ ‎(1)［U］ profit ; gain 益处；帮助 ‎ Did you get much benefit from your holiday? 你的假期是否对你有很大的益处？ ‎ ‎(2)［C］好处；恩惠 ‎ We should be aware of the benefits of a good education. 我们应该知道良好的教育的好处。 ‎ Never forget the benefits we receive from our parents. 决不要忘记父母给我们的恩惠。 ‎ benefit v. do good to sb 有益于；对……有益 The new railway will benefit the district.新铁路对于该地区将有益处。‎ You will benefit from these books. 你将得益于这些书。 ‎ 归纳：‎ benefit from 从……中受益 for the benefit of 为了某人的利益 be of (great/much) benefit to …= be (very) beneficial to … 对……有利/有益 ‎7. combine : join or mix together to form a whole ‎(1) vt. & vi. 联合；结合；合并 ‎ 常用结构： ‎ combine A and/with B 使A与B结合/联合 ‎ Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water. 氢与氧化合成水。 ‎ Combine the eggs with a little flour and heat the mixture gently.‎ 把鸡蛋和少量面粉调匀，用温火加热。　‎ He combines arrogance and incompetence in his dealings with the staff.‎ 他在与工作人员交往中既傲慢又无能。　‎ combine 还可以和against 连用 Everything combined against him. 事事都和他作对。‎ The three countries combined together against their enemy.‎ 这三个国家联合起来反对他们的敌人。‎ ‎（2）combination　n.结合；混合；混合物；联合体 ‎ Pink is a combination of red and white. ‎ 粉红色是红色与白色的混合色。 ‎ ‎8. cut down 削减，删节，砍倒 We must cut down our expenses. 我们必须削减开支。‎ Your article’s too long---please cut it down to 1000 words.你的文章太长―请把它删减到1000字。‎ 归纳：‎ cut in 插话；打断 cut up 　切碎；挫伤 cut off　　切断；断绝；隔绝 cut through　　抄近路穿过 cut out　　　割断；删掉 单项选择 ‎(1).　I won’t have a cigarette, thanks---- I am trying to .‎ A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up 答案: B ‎ ‎(2) I was just talking to Margaret when Jackson .‎ A. cut in B. cut down C. cut out D. cut up 答案: A ‎9. before long 不久以后 before long　单独作状语，相当于soon.‎ You will understand this before long. 不久你会明白这一点的。‎ long before 很久以前 I had known her long before. 我很久就认识她了。‎ ‎… long before … 的固定句式 It took/was long before… 过了很久才……‎ It didn’t take/wasn’t long before…　　过了不久就……‎ It will take/be long before…　　　　　要过很久才……‎ It won’t take/be long before…　　　　不久就会……‎ It took long before he came to help me. 过了很久他才来帮我。‎ It didn’t take long before the fire was put out. 不久就把火扑灭了。‎ It will be long before the new school is built up. 要过很久才能建成新校。‎ It won’t be a long time before someone comes to see you. 不久就会有人来看你。‎ ‎（1）Mary came to France in 1940, and it wasn’t long she became a French citizen.‎ A. while B. before C. since D. when 答案: B ‎(2) her death in 1886, the poet Emily Dickenson had become a legend (传奇人物) in the hometown of Amberst Massachusetts.‎ A. It was before long B. Before long C. When long before D. Long before 答案:D 语法: modal verbs　情态动词 ‎1. ought to／should ‎◆ought to表示“应该”，口气比should还要强。它的否定式为ought not to/oughtn’t to。 ‎ You ought to take care of yourself when I’m away. 我不在的时候你一定要照顾好自己。 ‎ You oughtn’t to have let out the secret. 你本来不应该泄露这个秘密。‎ ‎ ◆should 和ought to 后面跟动词不定式的完成式,其肯定句表示”过去应该做而未做”, 其否定句则表示”过去不该做但做了”。‎ You should/ought to have made the decision a week ago.‎ I shouldn't have made such a foolish mistake. ‎ ‎2. must和have to ‎◆have to表示“不得不”。与must不同的是，must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要；而have to则表示客观要求。 ‎ I must stay at home and take care of my old grandma. ‎ 我必须呆在家里照顾我的老奶奶。（主观上要做这件事） ‎ You will have to be punished if you can not hand in your paper on time.‎ 如果你不能按时交上试卷，你将不得不受到惩罚。（客观上需要做这件事） ‎ ‎◆ don’t have to表示“不必要”，和needn’t意思相近。 ‎ You don’t have to stay up late preparing for the exam. I heard it’s quite simple. ‎ 你没必要熬夜准备考试，我听说考试很简单。 ‎ ‎◆mustn’t 表示“不准，禁止”。 ‎ You mustn’t smoke in the hospital.在医院里禁止吸烟。‎ ‎ — Must I finish the task right now?  我现在必须完成这个工作吗？‎ ‎—Yes, you must. / Yes, you have to.  是的。  ‎ ‎ (—No, you needn’t. / No, you don’t have to. 不，不必。) ‎ ‎【注意】 在这些情态动词中，只有have to可以有人称、数、时态的变化。如： ‎ You will have to be there before 10 :00.　你必须在十点之前到那里。 ‎ As he had broken his leg, he had to stay in bed. 由于摔坏了腿，他不得不呆在床上。 ‎ ‎3. 几种特殊结构 ‎ must do表示对现在某事进行肯定性推测。 ‎ can’t do表示对现在某事进行否定性推测。 ‎ must have done表示对过去某事进行肯定性推测。 ‎ can’t have done表示对过去某事进行否定性推测。 ‎ should /ought to have done ‎ 表示应该做而实际上未做的事情。 ‎ should not/ought not to have done ‎ 表示不应该做而已经做了的事情。 ‎ may/might have done表示或许已经做过某件事。 ‎ could have done表示能做却没有做的事情。 ‎ would have done表示本来要做却没有做的事情。 ‎ needn’t have done表示本来没必要做却做了的事情。 ‎ 单项选择 ‎1. Johnny, you ______ play with the knife , you _____ hurt yourself.‎ ‎ A. won`t ; can`t B. mustn`t ; may C. shouldn`t ; must D. can`t ; shouldn`t ‎ ‎2. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow afternoon.‎ They ____ be ready by 12:00.‎ A. can B. should C. might D. need ‎3. Shall I tell John about it ?‎ ‎----No, you _____ . I`ve told him already.‎ A. needn`t B. wouldn`t C. mustn`t D. shouldn`t ‎4.　You take your umbrella. I’m sure it won’t rain.‎ ‎ A. shouldn’t B. can’t C. don’t have to D. mustn’t ‎5.　She for what she has done. But why do you keep silent on it?‎ A. ought to praised B. ought to have praised ‎ C. ought to have praised D. ought to have been praised ‎ ‎6.　Where is my pen? I it.‎ A. might lose B. would have lost C. should have lost D. must have lost ‎7. ----What do you think of the food here ? ‎ ‎ Oh, wonderful ! We ____ a better place. ‎ ‎ A. won`t find B. mustn`t have found C. can`t find D . couldn`t have found ‎8. We _____ for her because she never came . ‎ ‎ A. needn`t wait B. shouldn`t have waited C. mustn`t wait D. mustn`t have waited ‎ ‎9. He _____ you more help , even though he was very busy .‎ ‎ A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give ‎ ‎10. Tom ought not to me your secret, but he meant no harm.‎ A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told