2018届外研版选修8Module4WhichEnglish单元学案（33页）

2018届外研版选修8Module4WhichEnglish单元学案（33页）

Module 4 Which English Period 1 Introduction & Reading学案 世界上不同地方和不同国家的英语大不相同，特别是英国英语与美国英语，他们有何大区别，究竟为什么会这样呢？ ‎ The English language was first introduced to the Americas by British colonization, beginning in the early 17th century. Similarly, the language spread to numerous other parts of the world as a result of British trade and colonization elsewhere and the spread of the former British Empire, which, by 1921, held sway over a population of about 470–570 million people: approximately a quarter of the world's population at that time.‎ Over the past 400 years, the form of the language used in the Americas—especially in the United States—and that used in the United Kingdom have diverged in a few minor ways, leading to the dialects now occasionally referred to as American English and British English. Differences between the two include pronunciation, grammar, vocabulary, spelling, punctuation, idioms, formatting of dates and numbers, and so on, although the differences in written and most spoken grammar structure tend to be much more minor than those of other aspects of the language in terms of mutual intelligibility. A small number of words have completely different meanings between the two dialects or are even unknown or not used in one of the dialects. One particular contribution towards formalizing these differences came from Noah Webster, who wrote the first American dictionary with the intention of showing that people in the United States spoke a different dialect from Britain, much like a regional accent.‎ This divergence between American English and British English once caused George Bernard Shaw to say that the United States and United Kingdom are "two countries divided by a common language"; a similar comment is ascribed to Winston Churchill. Likewise, Oscar Wilde wrote, "We have really everything in common with America nowadays, except, of course, the language". Henry Sweet falsely predicted in 1877, that within a century, American English, Australian English and British English would be mutually unintelligible. It may be the case that increased worldwide communication through radio, television, the Internet, and globalization has reduced the tendency to regional variation. This can result either in some variations becoming extinct or in the acceptance of wide variations as "perfectly good English" everywhere. ‎ ‎【词汇提示】‎ ‎1. intelligibility n. 可理解性 ‎2. diverge v. 分叉; 偏离 ‎3. comment n. 注释; 意见; 评论 ‎4. mutually adv. 互相地 ‎〖课程学习目标〗‎ l To recognize and bear in mind the vocabulary related with different English ‎ l To experience talking and reading activities to obtain and use the messages needed l To widen students’ horizons of western cultural ‎ ‎〖课程导学建议〗‎ ‎【重点难点】 ‎ ‎1. Important words: instantly; sense; matter; count etc.‎ ‎2. Important phrases: tell apart; as long as; lie in etc.‎ ‎3. Important sentences: ‎ ‎①The quality of someone’s voice and their choice of words make a person instantly recognizable, even though you can’t see him or her..‎ ‎②Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter —as long as speakers can understand each other---it’s communication that counts.‎ ‎【教学指导】‎ ‎4. Teaching methods:‎ The teacher should help the students to read through the text and improve their reading ability, at the same time, pay attention to new items in it.‎ ‎【自主预习】‎ ‎【课堂预习交流】‎ Warming up by learning about the text. ‎ Find the paragraph where each of these ideas comes from.‎ ‎1. It is easy for speakers of different forms of English to have a misunderstanding.‎ ‎2. People worry about speaking correct English, but as it is a language with many forms it is impossible to say what is correct.‎ ‎3. There is more than one form of English spoken in Singapore.‎ ‎4. Each person has their own, very personal way of speaking.‎ ‎5. Grammar from African languages is found in some varieties of English.‎ ‎6. Words of Australian native peoples have found their way into English.‎ ‎7. There are a lot of accents in English and the way people pronounce words can change very quickly.‎ Keys: 1. Paragraph 5 2. Paragraph 3 3. Paragraph 7 4. Paragraph 1 5. Paragraph 6 6. Paragraph 4 7. Paragraph 2 ‎ ‎【课堂预习导学】‎ Take advantage of the contexts in this module to first learn some practical words. Meanwhile, develop the students’ cultural abilities. As to the goal of this module, students should fold their thoughts about different English in the world and the influence of it on people. ‎ ‎【新知学习】不议不讲 ‎【阅读策略突破】‎ ‎ Read the passage again and check the true statements.‎ ‎1. You can tell where someone comes from by the way they speak.‎ ‎2. Most people agree there is only one correct way of speaking English ‎3. British English is spoken in more than 60 countries across the world.‎ ‎4. Australian English is only about 200 years old.‎ ‎5. There are some Aboriginal words in English.‎ ‎6. Australian English is easy to understand.‎ ‎7. The grammar of Jamaican English is the same as that of British English.‎ ‎8. Singlish is the official language of Singapore.‎ ‎9. Singlish contains words of Chinese origin.‎ Keys: ‎ True: 1, 4, 5&9‎ ‎【重点难点探究】‎ 重点单词 instantly ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子,注意instantly的意思及用法。‎ ‎①The police came to my help instantly. ‎ 警方立刻来帮助我。‎ ‎②I came instantly I saw the need. ‎ 我一发觉有必要走一遭马上就来了。‎ ‎③The telegram asked for an instant reply. ‎ 这封电报要求立即回复。‎ ‎④An instant later the explosion occurred. ‎ 一会儿之后,爆炸就发生了。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现instantly作___词(句①),意思是______；还可以用作连词(句②)；意思是 ；instant用作______词(句③)，意思是________；instant还可以是______词(句④)，意思是________。‎ 答案：副；立即；一……就……；形容；立即的；名；一会儿 ‎【思维拓展】‎ at that instant 在那瞬间 for an instant 瞬间，一会儿 in an instant 立即，一会儿之后 the instant 一……就……（注意the instant为连词）‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎1) 他一到就告诉我。 ‎ Tell me ________________________. ‎ 答案：instantly he arrives ‎2) ________ he heard the news, he telephoned his mother.‎ A. Immediate B The instant C. If D. Although 答案：B 句意为：他一听到消息就打电话告诉了他母亲。the instant，意思为“一……就……”。 ‎ ‎ sense ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子,注意sense的意思及用法。‎ ‎①He is free from any sense of responsibility. ‎ 他丝毫没有责任感。 ‎ ‎②He had the good sense to withdraw from the election contest. ‎ 他很明智,退出了竞选。 ‎ ‎③The word here is used in its figurative sense. ‎ 此词在这儿取的是它的比喻意义。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现sense用作___词,意思是①______；② ；③ 。‎ 答案：名；感觉；理智；意义 ‎【思维拓展】‎ in this sense 从这层意义上 in a sense 在某一方面；在某种意义上 make sense 有意义；意思清楚；有道理 make sense of 理解，懂，明白 come to one’s sense (昏迷后)苏醒过来 ‎【即学即练】‎ 完成句子 ‎1) 你兄弟很有幽默感。‎ Your brother has a good ___________________________. ‎ 答案：sense of humor ‎2) 我意识到自己犯了个严重的错误。‎ I _______________ I had made a serious mistake. ‎ 答案：sensed that ‎3) I have read the material several times but it doesn’t make any _______ to me.‎ A. meaning B. importance C. sense D. significance .‎ ‎【答案解析】选C。make sense有道理，明白；significance与importance同义，都表示“重要性”，不与make搭配；meaning，“意思，含义”。‎ matter ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子,注意matter的意思及用法。‎ ‎①All these things do not matter now. ‎ 所有这一切现在都无关紧要了。‎ ‎②What does it matter whether he comes or goes? ‎ 他来也好去也好, 那有什么关系?‎ ‎③It was a matter of life and death for them. ‎ 这事对他们来说是生死攸关。‎ ‎④There's something the matter with this car. ‎ 这辆汽车有点毛病。 ‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现matter用作___词,意思是______(句①②)；还可以用做___词（句③④）, 意思是______；the matter意思为__________。‎ 答案：动；重要；名；事情；毛病 ‎【思维拓展】‎ as a matter of fact 事实上; 说真的; 其实 in the matter of sth. 关于某事物 no matter 无论 ‎ It doesn’t matter 没关系。‎ ‎【即学即练】 ‎ 完成句子 ‎ ‎1）我们晚到一会儿有关系吗?‎ ‎ ________________________ if we're a bit late? ‎ 答案：Does it matter ‎2）你做什么我都无所谓。‎ ‎_____________________ to me what you do. ‎ 答案：It doesn't matter ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ count ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子,注意count的意思及用法。‎ ‎①They are counting the books they collected. ‎ 他们正在数收集来的书。‎ ‎②There are ten people, not counting the guide. ‎ 不包括向导,共有十人。 ‎ ‎③You should count yourself fortunate in having good health. ‎ 你身体健康,这就算幸运了。 ‎ ‎④In sport what really counts is not the winning but the playing. ‎ 就运动而言,重要的不是赢,而是参与。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现count 用作___词,意思是______(句①)； (句②)； (句③)； ____词 (句④)。‎ 答案：动；查数；包括；认为；重要 ‎【思维拓展】‎ count/calculate ‎⑴count意为“计算，数”，是计算中最基本的动作，指逐个数过而得出总数。‎ ‎⑵calculate意为“计算，核算”。指较复杂的过程，如算术上加、减、乘、除的运算或数学上精密的计算等。‎ ‎①He counted the children before they started the game.‎ 他在孩子们开始游戏前数了一下人数。‎ ‎②Have you calculated what a holiday in China would cost?‎ 你计算过在中国度假的费用吗？‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1) 因为她有经验, 所以她的意见很重要。‎ Her opinion ________ because of her experience. ‎ 答案：counts ‎2) What they said _______ nothing.‎ A. counts on B. counts for C. counts off D. counts 析】‎ ‎ 答案与解析：选B 。count for nothing不足信，毫无价值。count on指望，count off(口令)报数；count 数；认为，这三项均不符合本句句意。‎ 重点短语 ‎ tell apart ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意tell apart的意思及用法。‎ ‎①Can you tell the twin sisters apart?‎ 你分得清这两个孪生姐妹吗?‎ ‎②Even when magnified, the two organisms are difficult to tell apart.‎ 即使放大之后,这两种有机体也难以区分。‎ ‎③Instead of letters, he wanted to use shapes that were easy to tell apart by touch.‎ 他想用手的触觉容易分辨的模型来代替字母。‎ ‎【自我归纳】tell apart在以上句子中的意思为___________； ___________。‎ 答案：区别；分辨 ‎【思维拓展】‎ fall apart 土崩瓦解 ‎ far apart 离得很远 take apart 拆开 apart from 除……之外 ‎【即学即练】‎ 1) 完成句子 这两兄弟很难区分开。‎ It's difficult ________________________.‎ 答案：to tell the two brothers apart ‎2) The two brothers look so much alike that it is difficult to___________.‎ A. tell them from B. tell from them C. tell them apart D. tell apart them 答案与解析：选C。tell apart中apart为副词，代词要放在中间。A、B两项结构错误。‎ ‎ lie in ‎ ‎【寓词于境】lie in 意思为“在于；处于某种状态；睡懒觉”。‎ 请完成下面句子，注意lie in的用法。‎ ‎①His success ______ _______ his hard work.‎ 他的成功在于勤奋的工作。‎ ‎②It’s a holiday tomorrow, so you can _______ _______.‎ 明天是假日，你可以睡懒觉了。‎ ‎③They let us ______ _________, but I got up for breakfast. ‎ ‎ 他们让我们晚起,但我起来吃早饭了。 ‎ 答案：lies in；lie in；lie in ‎【思维拓展】‎ lie---lay---lain---lying 躺；位于 lie---lied---lied---lying 说谎 lay---laid---laid---laying 放置；产卵 lay the table 摆放桌子 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1) 我们求生的唯一希望就在于裁军吗?‎ Does our only hope of survival ________ _________ disarmament? ‎ ‎ 答案： lie in ‎2) The dictionary still _____ where I _______ it a moment ago．‎ A. lies; laid B. lied; lay C. laid; laid D. lies; lay 答案与解析：A。句意为：那本词典仍然在我刚才放的地方。第一个空格处应用lie的现在时，意为“位于”，第二个空格处应填写lay“放置”的过去式laid。‎ 重点句式 ‎1. The quality of someone’s voice and their choice of words make a person instantly recognizable, even though you can’t see him or her. (P44) 一个人的音质及措词都能让这个人立即被分辨出来，即使看不见是谁。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ ‎⑴even though 相当于even if，意思为“即使”，引导让步状语从句。其他引导让步状语从句的连词还有：although, though, whether…or…, however (=no matter how), whatever (=no matter what), whoever (=no matter who), whenever (=no matter when), wherever (=no matter where)等。‎ ‎⑵although和though都表示“虽然”，只是although更正式，多用于句首。二者都可与yet, still连用，但不与but连用。‎ ‎①Even if it rained so hard, the girl still wanted to go through the forest alone.‎ 尽管雨下得很大，那个女孩儿仍然想要独自穿越森林。‎ ‎②Although /Though they are poor, they often help others.‎ ‎=They are poor, but they often help others.‎ 虽然贫穷，但是他们经常帮助别人。‎ ‎③Whatever /No matter what you say, I won’t believe you.‎ 无论你说什么，我都不相信。‎ ‎④No matter who you are, you must obey the rules of our school.‎ 不管你是谁，都要遵守学校规定。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 即使明天下雨，我也会按时到校。 ‎ ‎ ‎ 答案：Even if/though it rains tomorrow, I will come to school on time tomorrow.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）Your uncle seems to be a good driver; , I wouldn’t dare to travel in his car. ‎ A. even so B. even though C. therefore D. so 答案与解析：A。句意为“尽管如此，我还是不敢坐他的车”。 even so符合题意。‎ ‎2）Tim is in good shape physically he doesn't get much exercise.‎ ‎ A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as ‎ 答案与解析：B考查状语从句。句意为：“尽管Tim不经常锻炼，但他身材很好。”前后是让步转折关系，故选B项。‎ ‎2．Perhaps correctness doesn’t matter —as long as speakers can understand each other—it’s communication that counts. (p44) 也许正确与否不要紧——只要说话的人互相明白就行——重要的是交流本身。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ as long as=so long as意思为“只要”，引导条件状语从句。‎ ‎①You can watch TV as long as you have finished your homework. ‎ ‎ 只要完成了作业,你就可以看电视. ‎ ‎②As long as the green hills are there, one need not worry about firewood. ‎ ‎ 留得青山在，不愁没柴烧。 ‎ ‎③As long as you drive carefully, you will be very safe. ‎ ‎ 如果你开车小心，你就会很安全。 ‎ ‎【思维拓展】‎ ‎⑴其他引导条件状语从句的连词还有：if, unless, on condition that。‎ ‎⑵在条件状语从句中要用一般时表示将来时（与时间状语从句相同）‎ as far as远到; 至于; 直到 as light as a feather 轻如鸿毛 as for至于; 关于 as good as new 几乎和新的一样 ‎【仿写】‎ 只要你好好学，一定能学好英语。‎ ‎ ‎ 答案：As long as you work hard, you are sure to learn English well. ‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1). ---Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?‎ ‎---I don’t mind where we go ______ there’s sun, sea and beach.‎ A. as if B. as long as C. now that D. in order that 答案与解析： B as long as 意思为“只要”，符合题意。‎ ‎2). --- Our holiday cost a lot of money.‎ ‎ --- Did it? Well, that doesn’t matter______ you enjoyed yourselves.‎ A as long as B unless C as soon as D though 答案与解析：A。as long as只要； unless 除非否则； as soon as 一……就…… ；though虽然。后一句为“只要你玩的开心, 花多少钱就不重要”。‎ ‎【课程目标导学】系统个性化 ‎1. Teaching objectives:‎ Learn the new items in the text and improve the students’ reading ability.‎ ‎2. Teaching method: Task-based teaching; group cooperation.‎ ‎〖课程达标检测〗‎ 根据课文内容填空：‎ English is spoken as an official language in more than 60 countries across me world and it sounds very different from place to place. Pronunciation, as well as grammar and vocabulary, can change very quickly from one area to another. There are some very ____1___ accents all over Britain. It ‎ is also quite easy to ____2___ British and American English____3____.‎ Australian accent today has ____4__ of both Irish and cockney speech patterns. The main differences between Australian English and other varieties of English ____5__ the individual sounds and ____6__ patterns. Sometimes it is difficult for British and American people to understand the Australian accent. ‎ Jamaican English has some of the grammar features of the African languages spoken by the ____7__ of the Jamaican people. Another feature is the rhythm. It is the ___8__ of rap music, which became popular in the US in the 1980s.‎ English spoken in Singapore is known as Singlish. Sentences in Singlish often end with the word Lah. The variety has been ____9___ in particular by Malay and the Chinese ____10___ Hokkien both in grammatical features and vocabulary.‎ 答案：1. recognizable 2. tell 3. apart 4. traces 5. lie in 6. intonation 7. ancestors 8. rhythm 9. influenced 10. dialect ‎【课程训练】不练不讲 Ⅰ.单项填空 l. In my opinion, real friends should have everything in _____. Do you think so?‎ A. common B. total C. general D. particular ‎2. She’s disappointed to find her car old-fashioned __________________.‎ A. compared to her friend’s B. compares with her friend C. comparing with her friend’s D. compared to her friend ‎3. ________ arriving at the spot the police got down to ________ photos.‎ A. As; take B. As; taking C. On; take D. On; taking ‎4. ______ with such great difficulty, Jack felt at a loss_________.‎ A. Facing; what to say B. Faced; what to say C. Having faced; how to tell D. Being faced; how to speak ‎5. There is a heated _______ on the role of education throughout the country.‎ A. debate B. decade C. decay D. decline ‎6. You see the lightning _______ it happens, but you hear the thunder later.‎ A. instant B. instantly C. before D. after ‎7. ---Would you like to come to the dinner party here on Saturday?‎ ‎---Thank you. I’d love to, _____ I’ll be out of town at the weekend.‎ A. because B. and C．so D. but ‎8. With ______ she needed _________, she left the supermarket happily.‎ A. all; bought B. something; to be bought ‘‎ C. all; buying D. nothing; to buy ‎9. I’d like to arrive 20 minutes early _______ I can have time for a cup of tea.‎ A. as soon as B. as a result C. in case D. so that ‎10. In the botanical garden we can find a(n) ______ of plants that range from tall trees to small flowers.‎ A. species B. group C. amount D. variety 答案与解析：‎ ‎1．A。句意“我认为，真正的朋友应该一切都相同，你认为是这样吗?”have...in common为固定搭配。‎ ‎2．A。compare ‎ to／with和……相比，为固定短语，compare与car构成被动关系，可排除B、C两项，只有同类事物才能进行比较，车不能与人比，所以排除D。‎ ‎3．D。on doing 一……就……；get down to doing开始做……，其中to为介词。‎ ‎4．B。be faced with是一个固定短语，表示主句主语与face为被动关系，因此这里需填入一个过去分词作状语，排除A、C两项。D项中being faced为动名词的被动形式，显然不对。‎ ‎5．A。句意“全国进行了一场有关教育作用的热烈辩论”。debate争论，辩论。‎ ‎6．B。instantly在这里相当于immediately或as soon as，表示“一……就……”。‎ ‎7. D。I’d love to，but…为一个表示委婉拒绝的常用句型。‎ ‎8. A。考查with结构。句意“所有需要的东西都买了之后，她开心地离开了超市”，故答案为A。‎ ‎9. D。由句意可知应用so that引导目的状语从句。‎ ‎10. D。 a variety of各种各样的，后接复数名词，故应选D。A、B两项不合题意；C项an amount of后接不可数名词。‎ Module 4 Which English Period 2 Grammar学案 ‎【重点难点】 ‎ ‎1. To review the adverbial;‎ ‎2. To review the adverbial clauses;‎ ‎3. To master the use of adverbial clauses;‎ ‎【教学指导】‎ 1. To make the students finish the tasks in the textbook, discovering useful words and expressions and discovering useful structures;‎ 2. To make the students understand the adverbial;‎ 3. To make the students grasp the usage of adverbial clauses.‎ ‎【自主预习】‎ ‎【课堂预习交流】知识问题化 Finish the sentences.‎ ‎1.  _____________________（既然你已经长大了）, you must stop this childish behaviour. (now that)‎ ‎2.  I’ll tell you about it___________________________(你一来到) (the moment)‎ ‎3.  _____________________（我们刚到家）it began to rain. (hardly…when)‎ ‎4.  ______________________（有志者，事竟成）, there is a way.‎ ‎5. They went ______________________________________.(任何能够找到工作的地方)(wherever)‎ ‎6.  ____________________（由于他很匆忙）, he left his bag at home. (as)‎ ‎7.  这是如此美好的一天以至于所有学生都外出了。‎ It was so _______ ______ ______ that all of the students went out.‎ It was such _______ ______ ______ that all of the students went out.‎ ‎【答案】1.Now that you’ve grown up  2. the moment you come   3. hardly had we got home when   4. Where there is a will   5. wherever they could find work  6.  As he was in a hurry   7. lovely a day/a lovely day ‎ ‎【课堂预习导学】问题层次化 This period students learn about the adverbial and adverbial clauses. It is very important and also difficult to the students. It often appears in exams. Students should know how to use them correctly. They should try to make sentences with them and try to understand the differences between different kinds of clauses.‎ ‎【新知学习】‎ ‎【重点难点探究】‎ ‎（一）状语的种类 ‎1．时间状语 After taking my name and address, he asked me a lot of questions.‎ ‎2．地点状语 At the airport, she saw her brother off.‎ ‎3．原因（理由）状语 He was unable to finish the task because of his poor health.‎ ‎4．结果状语 He is too young to go to school.‎ They spoke so loudly at the theatre as to disturb the people around them.‎ ‎5．目的状语 Hearing the alarm, he ran for shelter.‎ In order to improve our pronunciation, we often listen to English broadcasts.‎ ‎6．条件状语 If you study hard, you will make great progress.‎ Turn to the right,and you will find the place you are looking for.‎ ‎7．让步状语 Even if you work hard, you still can’t catch up with them in such a short time.‎ Despite the difficulties, they finished the job.‎ ‎8．程度状语 To my great joy, the manager told me that I would have a rise in pay though many others would be dismissed.‎ You very much surprised me.‎ ‎9．方式状语（包括情况、手段、比较、使用工具等）‎ She looked with great doubt.‎ He fixed the door with a special tool.‎ ‎10．伴随情况状语 Laughing and talking, the pupils went out of the hall.‎ He sat in the corner, tears in eyes.‎ ‎（二）状语从句 由从句表示的状语叫状语从句。状语从句可以分为以下几大类：‎ ‎1．时间状语从句由when, whenever, as, while, before, (ever) since, now (that), once, so /as long as等词引起。‎ Let’s wait until /till the rain stops.‎ 咱们等到雨停了再说。‎ She comes to talk to me whenever she feels lonely.‎ 她感到寂寞时就来和我聊天。‎ 注：every time, the moment, the minute, immediately, directly等词也可引导时间状语从句。‎ I’ll give you an answer immediately I’ve finished reading your report.‎ 我看完你的报告后立即给你答复。‎ Every time I catch a cold, I have pain in my back.‎ 每回伤风我的背就疼。‎ ‎2．地点状语从句由where或wherever引导。‎ Make a mark where you have any doubts or questions.‎ 在有疑问的地方做个记号。‎ Wherever I am I’ll be thinking of you.‎ 不管在哪里我都会想到你。‎ ‎3．原因状语从句由as, because, since, seeing (that), considering that, now that, not that…but that等词引导。‎ Seeing he refused to help us, there is no reason why we should now help him.‎ 既然他不肯帮助我们，我们现在也没有理由帮助他。‎ Considering that they are just beginners, they are doing quite a good job.‎ 考虑到他们才刚刚学做，他们干得算是很不错的了。‎ ‎4．目的状语从句由so that, in order that, for fear that, in case等引导。‎ Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold.‎ 最好多带点衣服以防天气会冷。‎ He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it.‎ 他把名字写下省得忘了。‎ ‎5．结果状语从句由so that, so…that, such…that等引导。‎ He didn’t plan his time well, so that he didn’t finish the work in time.‎ 他没有把时间计划好，结果没有按时完成这项工作。‎ We left in such a hurry that we forgot to lock the door.‎ 我们走得匆忙，把门都忘了锁了。‎ ‎6．条件状语从句由if, unless, suppose, supposing(仅在问句中用)，in case, so /as long as, so far as, on condition (that), provided (that)等词引起。‎ Suppose /Supposing we can’t get the necessary equipment, what shall we do?‎ 假设我们弄不到必要的设备，那我们怎么办?‎ We’ll let you use the room on condition (that) /provided (that) you keep it clean and tidy.‎ 我们可以让你用这个房间，如果你能保持清洁的话。‎ ‎7．让步状语从句由though, although, no matter, even if, even though, however, whatever等词引导。‎ We’ll try to finish the work in time though /although we are short of manpower.‎ 虽然我们缺乏人力，我们还是要按时完成这项工作。‎ 注：有时这类从句用倒装语序：‎ Although /Though he was poor, he was honest. 他虽穷却诚实。‎ ‎=Poor as /though he was, he was honest.‎ 如倒装部分是名词，则不用冠词：‎ Child as he is, he knows a lot.‎ 虽然是小孩，他却懂得很多。‎ ‎8．比较关系状语从句由than或as引导。‎ He worked as fast as a skilled worker(did).‎ 他干得像熟练工人一样地快。‎ The project was completed earlier than we had expected.‎ 这项工程完成得比我们预计的要早。‎ ‎9．行为方式状语从句常由as引导。‎ I have changed it as you suggested.‎ 我已按你的建议作了修改。‎ ‎【课程目标导学】系统个性化 ‎1. Teaching objectives:‎ ‎1) To enable the Ss to learn the usage of the adverbial;‎ ‎2) To get the students to understand different kinds of adverbial clauses.‎ ‎2. Teaching method: Task-based teaching; group cooperation ‎【课程达标检测】‎ 单项选择。‎ ‎1. （10湖南32）Tim is in good shape physically __________ he doesn't get much exercise.‎ ‎ A. if B. even though C. unless D. as long as ‎ 答案与解析：B句意为：“尽管Tim不经常锻炼，但他身材很好。”前后是让步转折关系，故选B项。‎ ‎2. （10山东28）The school rules state that no child shall be allowed out of the school during the day, ______ accompanied by an adult.‎ ‎ A. once B. when C. if D. unless 答案与解析：D句意应为“学校规章规定：除非有成年人陪同，否则孩子们在校期间不能出学校。”表示“除非”用unless。该句式构成了“连词+过去分词”结构。‎ ‎3. （10上海34）________________ you may have, you should gather your courage to face the challenge.‎ A. However a serious problem B. What a serious problem C. However serious a problem D. What serious a problem 答案与解析：C根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”，而however表让步时其顺序应是：however + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语。‎ ‎4. （10四川20）Because of the heavy traffic，it was already time for lunch break _________ she got to her office．‎ ‎ A．since B．that C．when D．until ‎ 答案与解析：C句意为：“因为交通阻塞，当她到达办公室时已经是午休的时间了。”，故此处应为when引导的时间状语从句，故正确答案为C。‎ ‎5.（10陕西20）John thinks it won’t be long he is ready for his new job. ‎ ‎ A. when B. after C. before D. since 答案与解析：C. 考查状语从句。所填词引导状语从句，构成It（will）be+时间段+状语从句，意思是：过多久才将......，选C。‎ ‎6.（10重庆32）Today, we will begin ________we stopped yesterday so that no point will be left out.‎ A. when B. where C. how D. what 答案与解析：B由句意：今天，为了不遗漏要点，我们从昨天结束的地方开始。where 引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎【课程训练】‎ I. 单项填空 ‎ ‎1. She had just finished her homework her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday.‎ A. when B. while C. after D. since 答案与解析：A when表示“就在这时”。‎ ‎2. My parents don’t mind what job I do I am happy.‎ A. even though B. as soon as C. as long as D. as though 答案与解析：C根据题干意思可知此处是条件状语从句，引导词意思是“只要”，选C。‎ ‎3. You can’t borrow books from the school library ______ you get your student card.‎ A. before B. if C. while D. as 答案与解析：A 句意为“在办理学生卡前不能借书”；应该用A项。‎ ‎4. All the dishes in this menu, otherwise stated, will serve two to three people.‎ A. as B. if C. though D. unless 答案与解析：D考查状语引导词(unless)。全句意思是：在这份菜单上的所有菜，除非另外说明，会给二到三个人食用。‎ ‎5. You’d better not leave the medicine ________ kids can get at it.‎ A. even if B. which C. where D.so that 答案与解析：C 句意为：你最好不要把药放在孩子们能够到的地方。where在句中引导地点状语从句。‎ ‎6. _______ unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.‎ A. Before             B. Where           C. Unless            D. Until 答案与解析：B 考查地点状语从句。‎ ‎7. --- Did you return Fred’s call? ‎ ‎ --- I didn’t need to ________ I’ll see him tomorrow.‎ ‎ A. though B. unless C. when D. because 答案与解析：D 因为I’ll see him tomorrow是I didn’t need to的原因，故该空格处用because表示原因。 ‎ ‎8. I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long，but it’ll still be some time ______ Brian gets back. ‎ A. before B. since C. till D. after 答案与解析：A 句意为:对不起让你久等了，但是还得再过一段时间Brian才回来。故空格处须用before表示“在……之前，直到……才……”。‎ ‎9. We’ll have a picnic in the park this Sunday _____ it rains or it’s very cold.‎ ‎ A. since B. if C. unless D. until 答案与解析：C 句意为：我们这个星期天要去公园野餐，除非下雨或天气非常冷。unless除非。‎ ‎10. Nancy enjoyed herself so much she visited her friends in Sydney last year.‎ A. that B. which C. when D. where 答案与解析：C句意为：Nancy去年在悉尼拜访朋友时玩得很开心。when引导时间状语从句。本题干扰性最强的是A项，so...that引导结果状语从句，但根据语境，这里并没有因果关系的含义。‎ Module 4 Which English Period3Language points学案 ‎ [重点难点] ‎ 1. To master the words and expressions in this period;‎ 2. To grasp the main idea in the passage;‎ 3. To learn to find important information.‎ ‎【教学指导】‎ 1. To make the students finish the tasks in the textbook, using language. Combine the Reading with the Reading Task in Workbook and have an intensive reading;‎ 2. To make the student’s talk about the text and exchange their opinions;‎ 3. To practice the students’ ability of writing.‎ ‎【课堂预习交流】知识问题化 ‎ Read the text and answer the questions.‎ ‎1. What does the term “global village” mean?‎ ‎(a) The world has a single economy and culture.‎ ‎(b) The world is a single community linked by fast communication.‎ ‎2. Which of these statements is accurate?‎ ‎(a) Most people who speak English are not native speakers.‎ ‎(b) More people grow up speaking English than learn it as a second language.‎ ‎3. Which countries will influence how English changes in the future?‎ ‎(a) Britain and America.‎ ‎(b) The rest of Europe, Asia and Africa.‎ ‎4. Where is English mostly spoken?‎ ‎(a) Across the world as a second language.‎ ‎(b) In English-speaking countries such as Britain, America and Australia.‎ ‎5. What will English be like in the future?‎ ‎(a) Similar to traditional British English.‎ ‎(b) Influenced by other languages.‎ ‎6. How do dialects become languages in their own right?‎ ‎(a) By making up new rules.‎ ‎(b) By developing their own new features.‎ Keys:‎ ‎1(b) 2(a) 3(b) 4(a) 5(b) 6(b)‎ ‎【课堂预习导学】问题层次化 This period we mainly practice the students’ ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Therefore, we must make the students grasp the integrating skills. To make the students grasp the language demands in this period, we must practice the students’ abilities in listening, speaking, reading and writing. Design the exercises according to the reading.‎ 如何写议论文 议论文是英语常用的文体，也是考试中常见的写作方式。议论文通过议论或说理来表达作者见解和主张.作者对某一问题持有一种看法,为了使读者同意自己的看法,提出若干理由,企图说服他人。‎ ‎【名师指导】‎ 高中英语议论文的写作要注意以下要点:‎ ‎1. 论点要鲜明、确切．一篇议论文只能有一个中心论点．论点一般在开头提出，然后加以论证。‎ ‎2. 论据要充分、可靠．一般是以事实为论据，也可以利用成语，格言，名人名言作为论据。‎ ‎3. 论证要严密、得法．归纳法（induction）和演绎法（deduction）是议论文常用的论证方法．归纳法的例子为基础，从几个例子和现象中，归纳出某种道理和看法。‎ ‎4. 另外，要注意某些连词或过渡词的使用。例如: on one hand; on the other hand; however; also; besides; therefore等 。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ 假设你将参加某英语杂志社开展的一次征文活动，征文的内容要求你在电视、手机（cell）和网络三者中，放弃其中一个并陈述理由。请你以“Which would you give up: TV, cell, or Web?”为题，写一篇英语短文。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎ 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎【经典范文】‎ We are now living in an information age, in which TV, cells and the Web are widely used. It seems that many people cannot enjoy themselves without them.‎ However, if I had to give up one of them, I would turn off the TV rather than switch off my cell or cut off the internet. I could do without TV because few shows are my fancy, and there’re too many commercials. Besides, most programs on TV are available elsewhere.‎ As for cells and the Web, they are more necessary to me .I need a cell to keep in touch with my friends and family, and almost all information can be gathered on the Internet.‎ ‎【重点难点探究】‎ 重点单词 ‎ complain ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意complain的意思及用法。‎ ‎①I've really got nothing to complain of. ‎ 我确实没有什么可抱怨的。‎ ‎②He complained to me about the food. ‎ 他向我抱怨伙食不佳。‎ ‎③He complained to the police of the boys stealing his apples. ‎ 他向警方控告那些男孩偷他的苹果。‎ ‎④I have a number of complaints about the hotel room you've given me. ‎ 我对你给我的旅馆房间有几点不满意见。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现complain既可作___词(句①③②)，意思为_____；______；complaint可以作___词(句④)，意思是______。‎ 答案：动；抱怨；投诉；名；抱怨 ‎【思维拓展】‎ complain (to sb.) about/at sth．投诉，抱怨；诉苦 complain of sth.诉说(病痛等)‎ complain that...抱怨说……‎ without complaint 毫无怨言 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）完成句子 他向服务员抱怨说饭菜是凉的。 ‎ He ______________________ his meal was cold. ‎ 答案：complained to the waiter that ‎2）The patient is complaining ______ acute (剧烈的) earache.‎ A. about B. of C. to D. that 答案与解析：B。句意为：那个病人说耳部剧痛。complain of诉说（病痛等）。‎ ‎ convince ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意convince的意思及用法。‎ ‎①We utterly failed to convince them. ‎ 我们根本说服不了他们。‎ ‎②He convinced me of his innocence. ‎ 他使我相信他是无辜的。 ‎ ‎③I was convinced that I saw you there. ‎ 我真以为看见你在那里。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现convince可作___词,意思是______(句①)，______(句 ‎②); 常用短语为_________(句③)，意思是__________(句⑤)。‎ 答案： 动；说服；使相信；be convinced；相信 ‎【思维拓展】‎ convince/persuade ‎⑴convince指“使人信服；使人承认”，强调通过摆事实讲道理排除对方的怀疑或反对，使其心服口服。 ‎ ‎⑵persuade作“说服，劝服”解时，虽然也指以理服人，但着重从感情上打动对方，使对方付诸行动。‎ ‎①You need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job.‎ 你要使他们相信你殷切希望得到这份工作。‎ ‎②She’s always easily persuaded.‎ 她向来禁不住劝。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）你的论点太薄弱了，说服不了我。‎ Your argument is too weak to ___________________. ‎ ‎2）我确信他知道事实。‎ I ___________________________ he knew the truth. ‎ 答案：1) convince me ‎ 2) was convinced that ‎ acquire ‎ ‎【寓词于境】完成下列句子，注意acquire的意思及用法。‎ ‎①She has ________ a good knowledge of English.‎ 她英语已经学得很好。‎ ‎②We've just ______ a dog. ‎ 我们刚得到一只狗。‎ ‎③My sister couldn't take her desk with her to the new house; that's how I came to _______ it. ‎ 我妹妹无法把她的书桌搬入新居, 我就是这样才得到它的。‎ ‎④Abstract art is an ________ taste. ‎ 抽象派艺术要慢慢才会欣赏。‎ 答案： acquired；acquired；acquire；acquired ‎【思维拓展】‎ achieve/reach/gain/acquire ‎⑴achieve强调由于极大努力，克服困难后达到既定目标，还意味着通过预定的程序制订出一套办法而获得成功，常与一些抽象名词连用。‎ ‎⑵reach指到达某地，达到某目的，某种程度，而不涉及为此所花费的努力。‎ ‎⑶gain作“获得”解，指获得某种利益、好处或经验。‎ ‎⑷acquire获得，得到，通常指经过自己的努力而“获得，得到”。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1)翻译句子 他得到一个不诚实的名声。‎ ‎______________________________________________‎ 答案：He acquired a reputation for dishonesty. ‎ ‎2) After a journey of three months, they finally ______ their destination.‎ A. acquired B. reached C. gained D. achieve 答案与解析：B。句中意思为“到达目的地”。‎ 重点短语 ‎ in case ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意in case的意思及用法。‎ ‎①In case he comes，let me know．‎ 如果他来了，告诉我一声。‎ ‎②You’d better take an umbrella in case it rains.‎ 你最好带把伞，以防下雨。‎ ‎③It may rain; you’d better take an umbrella just in case.‎ 天可能会下雨，你最好带把伞以防万一。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现in case的意思为： ‎ 答案：以防万一 ‎【思维拓展】‎ in any case 无论如何；总之 in the case of 就……来说；至于 in this case 既然这样 in no case 决不 ‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1．完成句子 ‎______ ______ _______ fire, ring the alarm bell. ‎ 遇火警时立即按警铃。‎ 答案：In case of ‎ ‎2．John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out _______ he phones.‎ A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that 答案与解析： C。句意为：约翰今晚可能打电话，我不想出去，以防约翰打电话来。in case符合句意。‎ ‎ be relevant to ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意be relevant to的意思及用法。‎ ‎①These facts are relevant to the case. ‎ 这些事实和此案有关。 ‎ ‎②His remarks are not relevant to our discussion.‎ 他的观点与我们的议题不相关。‎ ‎③His nationality isn't relevant to whether he is a good lawyer. ‎ 他的国籍跟他是不是一个好律师不相关。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现be relevant to的意思为： 。‎ 答案：有关系，有联系 ‎【思维拓展】‎ be related to 有联系 be connected with 有关系 in common with 一样 in connection with 有关 ‎【即学即练】‎ 翻译句子 ‎1）他的话不切题。‎ ‎______________________________________‎ 答案：1）His words were not relevant to the point.‎ ‎2）Topics for composition should be ________ to the experiences and interests of the students.‎ A. concerned B. dependent C. connecting D. relevant 答案与解析: D。句意为：作文的话题应与学生的经历和兴趣相关。be relevant to是固定搭配，意为“与……有关”。其余选项不能与介词to搭配。‎ ‎ no longer ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意no longer的意思及用法。‎ ‎①This word is no longer in current use. ‎ 这个词现在已经不再使用。‎ ‎②This island is no longer a dependency of the USA. ‎ 这个小岛不再是美国的属地。 ‎ ‎③He no longer indulged himself in smoking. ‎ 他不再过度吸烟了。 ‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现no longer的意思为： 。‎ 答案：不再 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1. ---Excuse me, is this Mr. Brown's office? ‎ ‎ ---I'm sorry, but Mr. Brown _______ works here. He left about three weeks ago. ‎ ‎ A. not now B. no more C. not still D. no longer ‎ ‎2. ---Will you give this message to Mr. White, please? ‎ ‎ ---Sorry, I can't. He _______ . ‎ ‎ A. doesn't any more work here ‎ ‎ B. doesn't any longer here work ‎ ‎ C. doesn't work any more here ‎ ‎ D. doesn't work here any longer ‎ 答案：1） D 2） D 重点句式 ‎1.【原句】Ever since the invention of the first telegraph at the end of the 19th century, English has been spreading around the world. (P50) 自从十九世纪末电报发明以来，英语一直在全世界应用。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ ever since意思是“自从某时至今”，经常和现在完成时态连用。‎ He left home two weeks ago and we haven't heard from him ever since. 他两星期以前离开了家, 到现在我们一直没有他的消息。 ‎ She moved to London last May and has since got a job on a newspaper. 她去年五月到伦敦, 此后一直在报社工作。‎ He’s been lying low ever since I asked him for the money he owes me.‎ 自从我催他还钱，他就不露面了。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 自从我们在学校认识之后，我们就一直是好朋友。_______________________________________________________________________________答案：We’ve been friends ever since we met at school.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）The first use of atomic weapons was in 1945 and their power ______ increased enormously ever since.      A. is               B. was           C. has been        D. had been 答案与解析：C。考查现在完成时。‎ ‎2）John promised his doctor he would not smoke, and he has not smoked ________.‎ ‎ A. ever B. ever since C. never D. in case 答案与解析：B。考查ever since 表示从那时至今。‎ ‎2.【原句】It is estimated that l.3 billion people will use English as either a first or a second language by 2050. 据估计到2050年，将有13亿人把英语作为第一语言或第二语言。（P51）‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ It is estimated that… 意思是“据估计……”。该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的从句。类似句型有：‎ It is agreed that… 人们同意……‎ It is believed that… 人们相信……‎ It is known that… 众所周知……‎ It is reported that. . . 据报道……‎ ‎①It is estimated that there were 5, 000 people attending the conference.‎ 据估计有五千人出席了这次会议。‎ ‎②It is known that the earth is not round.‎ 众所周知，地球不是圆的。‎ ‎③It is reported that 8 people were killed in the big fire.‎ 据报道，这次大火中有8人丧生。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 据说他正在国外学习。.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：It is said that he is studying abroad.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1. 完成句子 据说已采取措施结束罢工。‎ ‎______ ______ ______ ________ something has been done to end the strike.‎ 答案：It is said that ‎2. ______ is suggested _______ the meeting should be held this afternoon.‎ A. That; that B. That; / C. It; that D. It; /‎ 答案与解析：C。第一空应填形式主语it，第二空填that构成真正的主语；that引导主语从句时通常不省略。‎ ‎【课程目标导学】系统个性化 ‎1. Teaching objectives:‎ ‎1) To enable the Ss to practice the ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing;‎ ‎2) To get the students to grasp the important words, phrases and sentence patterns in this period;‎ ‎3) To make the students learn to write how to write an article.‎ ‎2. Teaching method:‎ a. Fast and careful reading.‎ b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.‎ c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.‎ d. Discussion.‎ ‎【课程达标检测】‎ I. 句型转换 ‎1. Put the book in the place where it lies.‎ Put the book _______ it lies.‎ ‎2. Because he was ill, he didn’t go.‎ ‎_______ ________, he didn’t go.‎ ‎3. As he was faced with a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.‎ ‎_______ ______ a difficult situation, Arnold decided to ask his boss for advice.‎ ‎4. After the experiment had been done, he drew a conclusion.‎ ‎_______ _______ _______ _______, he drew a conclusion.‎ ‎5. The variety has been influenced particularly by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien.‎ The variety has been influenced _____ ________ by Malay and the Chinese dialect Hokkien.‎ 答案1. where 2. being ill 3. faces with 4. After doing the experiment 5. in particular II翻译下列句子。‎ ‎1．据说政府正在就教育法进行辩论。‎ ‎2．他费了好大的劲儿才使我们明白了他的意思。‎ ‎3．部队对我来说具有某种奇特的魅力。‎ ‎4．政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品问题。‎ ‎5．现在是我们静下心来认真干事业的时候了。‎ ‎6．懒汉卖掉了自己的房子，这样他就有足够的钱衣浓钱旅行了。‎ 答案： ‎ ‎1. It is said that the government is debating the education laws. ‎ ‎2. He had great difficulty in making himself understood. ‎ ‎3. The army has a certain strange fascination for me.‎ ‎4. The government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse. ‎ ‎5. It is time now for us to get down to business and be serious about this. ‎ ‎6. The lazy man sold his house and thus he had enough money for his journey. ‎ ‎【课程训练】不练不讲 I. 单项填空 ‎ ‎1. _______ the cost, the project will take a lot of time as well. ‎ A. Apart from B. Except for C. Beside D. Except ‎ ‎2. That newspaper accounts of international affairs are sometimes _________..‎ A. abused B. distorted C. distortion D. distracted ‎3. The future of the local tobacco industry may be ________if production costs are not reduced and management efficiency not improved.‎ A. bleak B. blank C. bleed D. blind ‎ ‎4. China' economy is expected to ___________that of Germany in four years, Japan in 2015 and America in 2039.‎ ‎ A. overtake B. overdo C. overuse D. overlook ‎ ‎5. He’ll __________ himself as a respected singer in the not-so-distant future.‎ A. set B. make C. put D. establish ‎6. ___________ the practice, the theory serves it in turn.‎ A. Based on B. Having based C. Basing on D. Be based on ‎ ‎7. ---How far is the post office from here？ ---It’s eight kilometers, __________． ‎ A. about B. more than C. more or less D. much more than ‎ ‎8. ---How are things with Jane?" ‎ ‎---Actually we broke up last month. But I have already ____________ it." A. got across B. gotten off C. gotten down D. gotten over ‎ ‎9. I don’t want to go there; _______, I have no time to do so. ‎ A. furthermore B. but C. however D. so ‎ ‎10. Man may get ______ with bird flu.‎ A. infected B. infecting C. to be infected D. being infected 答案与解析：‎ ‎1. A. apart from，“除了”。‎ ‎2. B.那家报纸对国际事件的描述有时是歪曲的。A 为“滥用，虐待”B为动词“歪曲（事实），扭曲 C为distort的名词意思是：扭曲，歪曲。D为“转移，分散”‎ ‎3. A bleak 无望的，黯淡的。B“空白的，空虚的”C为动词原形“出血，流血”D“盲人的，盲目的”‎ ‎4. A 超过,赶上 B“使……过度；夸大”C“滥用，任意驱使”D.“漏看，忽略” 中国的经济在4年以后会赶上德国，在2015年赶上日本的经济，在2039年赶上美国的经济。‎ ‎5. D在不远的将来，他将使自己成为一个受人尊敬的歌唱家。“establish oneself as” “被认为”、“（其地位）被确立”或“成为”如：She says that you’ll soon establish yourself as a very famous economist。她说，你不久就会成为一名很有名望的经济学家。‎ ‎6. A 灵活考察be based on 结构. based on the practice 在句中做状语，其逻辑主语为the theory.相当于The theory is based on the practice and serves it in turn.‎ ‎7. C或多或少。可以说成“It’s about/more than eight kilometers.”‎ ‎8. D.恢复常态（如病后、受惊之后）A. get across ‎ ‎1）过（马路、桥）2)（话）传达，使人懂e.g. I just can’t get across to him. 我无法和他沟通。B.“（从电车、飞机等）下来C.取下，放下，写下 ‎ ‎9. A 并且，而且 B,C,D意思不对。‎ ‎10. A get+过去分词结构其他的如: get changed/separated/paid. We got paid by the day. 我们按照天得到报酬。‎ Module 4 Which English Period 4 Integrating skills学案 ‎ [重点难点] ‎ 1. To master the words and expressions in this period;‎ 2. To grasp the main idea in the passage;‎ 3. To learn to find important information.‎ ‎【教学指导】‎ 1. To make the students finish the tasks in the textbook, using language. Combine the Reading with the Reading Task in Workbook and have an intensive reading;‎ 2. To make the student’s talk about the text and exchange their opinions;‎ ‎【课堂预习交流】知识问题化 ‎ Read the text and choose the best answers.‎ ‎1. English has a number of colourful expressions which are hard to understand because ______‎ ‎(a) they don’t make sense ‎(b) they are old-fashioned ‎(c) they may refer to ideas beyond the simple meaning of the words ‎(d) they’re meant to be amusing and exaggerated ‎2. Idioms are __________.‎ ‎(a) well-known, everyday expressions which are understood by everyone ‎(b) expressions which have been in use for years, or which are very recent ‎(c) absurd expressions used for common concepts ‎(d) expressions which are not easily understood ‎3. An advertising slogan is probably _________________.‎ ‎(a) an amusing saying in advertising ‎(b) a reply to a customer in a shop ‎(c) like many other expressions, an idiom or a proverb ‎(d) an expression which is associated with a product in an advertisement ‎4. Metaphorical significance is __________________.‎ ‎(a) meaning which describes something by referring to something else, with similar qualities ‎(b) exaggerated language used to describe something in a dramatic way ‎(c) used to describe politics ‎(d) meaning which is likely to cause offence ‎5. A proverb_________________.‎ ‎(a) suggests someone or something which is superior to someone or something else ‎(b) describes behavior and customs ‎(c) is a well-known expression which reflects on life and gives advice ‎(d) is an everyday saying which everyone agrees with Keys: 1(c) 2(b) 3(d) 4(a) 5(c)‎ ‎【课堂预习导学】问题层次化 This period we mainly practice the students’ ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing. Therefore, we must make the students grasp the integrating skills. To make the students grasp the language demands in this period, we must practice the students’ abilities in listening, speaking, reading and writing. Design the exercises according to the reading.‎ ‎【阅读策略突破】‎ Read the passage and decide which sentences are NOT topic sentences.‎ A. English has a huge number of colourful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand.‎ B. Idioms are picturesque or absurd expressions conveying a concept which is different from the literal meaning and have been common in English for many years.‎ C. But some idioms are very new and you’ll need to clarify what they mean.‎ D. Many expressions are advertising slogans.‎ Key: C ‎【重点难点探究】‎ 重点单词 ‎ select ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意select的意思及用法。‎ ‎①They were selected from among many good students.‎ 他们是从许多好学生中挑出来的。‎ ‎②Who has been selected to take part in the project? ‎ 挑上谁来参与这项计划?‎ ‎③select passages of Milton's poetry ‎ 弥尔顿诗选 ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现select既可作___词(句①②)，意思是______；_____；也可以作___词(句③)，意思是______。‎ 答案： 动；挑选；选举；形容；挑选的 ‎【思维拓展】‎ select/choose/elect/pick out 这组词都含有“选择”之意。区别在于：‎ select指有目的地，仔细认真地选择，有“精选”之意。‎ choose通常指在所提供的对象中，经过考虑，凭个人的判断力进行选择。 ‎ elect着重遵照一定的规章或法则来“挑选”，尤其指用投票或举手等表决方式选举。‎ pick out 较通俗，指按个人喜爱或希望进行挑选，多用于有形的东西人或物。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）翻译句子 他正在为朋友挑选礼物。‎ ‎______________________________________________.‎ 答案：He is selecting gifts for his friend.‎ ‎2）I’d like to read _______ works of Chairman Mao.‎ A. selected B. elected C. chosen D. picked 答案与解析：选A。句意为：我喜欢读毛主席的著作精选。其他三项都无“精选”之意。‎ ‎ resist ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意resist的意思及用法。‎ ‎①A healthy diet should help your body resist infection 健康饮食有助于身体抗感染。‎ ‎②The river banks could not resist the water pressure.‎ 那河堤抵不住水压。‎ ‎③I finished the cake. I couldn’t resist it.‎ 我忍不住把整块蛋糕都吃了。‎ ‎④I could hardly resist laughing.‎ 我忍不住笑了起来。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现resist用作___词(句①②),意思是______， 。‎ 常用短语为（句③④）_________，意思为_________.‎ 答案：动；抵御；抵抗；can’t resist；情不自禁 ‎【思维拓展】‎ be against/object/oppose/resist 四个词（组）都有“反对，对抗”的意思，其区别在于：‎ ‎⑴be against更强调处于某事的对立面，反对某事。‎ ‎⑵object多指因为十分厌恶或不赞同而反对某事；在用法上，object作及物动词时，后面只能接that引导的从句作宾语，此时意为“提出……作为反对的理由”；作不及物动词常与介词to连用。‎ ‎⑶oppose指极不赞成，尤指采取行动试图阻止所反对事情的发生或完成。 ，‎ ‎⑷resist指“积极地反抗、对抗，用武力阻止……的前进”，如：resist the enemy抵抗敌人。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）Seeing the toy, she couldn’t resist ________ to touch it.‎ A being reached out B. reaching out C. to reach out D. reach out ‎【解析】选B。句意为：看见那玩具，她忍不住要伸出手去摸摸它。can’ t resist doing sth.“禁不住做”。‎ ‎2）The local people ________ building the new hotel because of the great cost.‎ A. opposed B. accused C. objected D. against ‎【解析】选A。oppose( doing)“反对，反抗”；句意为：因为费用太高，所以当地人反对建这个新酒店。‎ ‎ superior ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意superior的意思及用法。‎ ‎①The cloth is superior to that.‎ 这种布比那种好。‎ ‎②The enemy forces were superior in number.‎ 敌军在数量上占优势。 ‎ ‎③She works well with those superior to her in the firm.‎ 她与公司中的那些上级主管合作愉快。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现superior可作___词, 意思是______；后面常有介词_______。‎ 答案： 形容词；超越；to ‎【思维拓展】‎ be superior to 优于……，比……强 be inferior to 低于……，比……差 be senior to 比……年长（资深）‎ be junior to 比……年轻（资浅）‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ Beethoven is my favourite musician. I regard him ________ other musicians.‎ A. more superior to B. more superior than C. superior to D. superior than 答案与解析： C。superior to优于，比……好，为固定搭配。句意为：贝多芬是我最喜欢的音乐家，我认为他比其他音乐家好。‎ ‎ classify ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意classify的意思及用法。‎ ‎①Please classify your books according to subject.‎ 请把你的书按科目分类。‎ ‎②Detective novels cannot be classified as serious literature.‎ 侦探小说不能被划为严肃文学。‎ ‎③Eggs can be classified by their size.‎ 鸡蛋可按大小分类。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现classify可作___词，意思是______。‎ 答案：动；分类 ‎【思维拓展】‎ clarify/classify/clear/clean ‎⑴clarify澄清，使清楚。阐明，多用于抽象意义，指澄清事实、秘密、形势等。‎ ‎⑵classify分类，分等级。‎ ‎⑶clear使变得干净，变清亮，多用于具体事物。‎ ‎⑷clean清除，指用具体方法将污垢、脏物等清除掉。‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ The history teacher often tells his students to _______ the knowledge they have learned according to chapters.‎ A. separate B. divide C. classify D. collect 答案解析: C。此题考查动词辨析。句意为“历史老师经常让他的学生们把学过的知识按章节进行分类整理”。‎ 重点短语 get down to ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意get down to的意思及用法。‎ ‎①Let's get down to business. ‎ 让我们言归正传吧。‎ ‎②He got down to his work after the holidays. ‎ 度假之后他开始专心工作。‎ ‎③Let's get down to discussing the nitty-gritty. ‎ 咱们着手探讨实际情况吧。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现get down to的意思为： ，后面跟动词的_______形式 答案：着手做某事；-ing ‎【思维拓展】‎ get away 逃跑；跑掉 get across 传播，为人理解 get in 收获，收割 get on／along with 与……相处，进展 get rid of 摆脱，除掉 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）Jerry did research in that field for a long time ________ invent something useful.‎ A. got down to B. hoped himself to C. set out to D. devoted himself to 答案与解析：C。由空格后的invent可知，排除A.D两项，因get down to，devote…to…中to为介词，后接v-ing。B项中hope后不接复合宾语。‎ ‎2）I called Mike many times yesterday evening, but I couldn’t get _______.‎ A. through B. across C. away D. in ‎ 答案与解析：C。get through意思为“打通电话”。‎ ‎ let down ‎ ‎【寓词于境】阅读下列句子，注意let down的意思及用法。‎ ‎①I’m afraid she let us down badly.‎ 很遗憾，她让我们大失所望。‎ ‎②This machine won’t let you down 你尽管放心，这台机器不会出毛病。‎ ‎③She speaks French very fluently, but her pronunciation lets her down．‎ 她法语讲得很流利，但美中不足的是发音不大好。‎ ‎【自我归纳】通过观察以上句子我们发现let down的意思为： 。 ‎ 答案：使人失望 ‎【思维拓展】‎ let alone 更别提；不打扰；不惊动 let off 放过，宽恕；开枪 let out 放走，释放 ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）连我们都没有足够的空间，更不用说客人了。‎ There isn’t enough room for us, __________________ any guests.‎ 答案：let alone ‎2）He accidentally _________ he had quarreled with his wife and then he hadn’t been home for a couple of weeks.‎ A. let out B. took care C. made sure D. made out 答案与解析：选A。句意为“他无意中泄露他同他妻子争吵过，他已有几周没有回家了。let out泄露；take care当心；make sure保证；make out认出，理解。‎ 重点句式 ‎1.【原句】English has a huge number of colorful and splendid expressions which may be difficult to understand. (P53) 英语中有许多丰富多彩的短语，尽管它们可能难以理解。‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ 这儿a huge number of引导一个复数名词，意思是“许多”。‎ A number of”的意思是“若干”或“许多”，。 ‎ ‎①A number of students of our school have read that magazine. ‎ 我们学校有很多学生都看过那本杂志。‎ ‎②A number of wild animals have been found in the forest. ‎ 森林里发现了很多野生动物。‎ ‎③The number of wild animals has become less and less in recent years. ‎ 最近几年里，野生动物的数量逐渐减少。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ a number of与the number of ‎（1）a number of为量词短语，表示“许多”，相当于a lot of，和复数名词连用。当它出现在主语前时，谓语动词和主语搭配一致，动词用复数形式。必要时，还可以加上形容词great, large, small, good 等。‎ ‎（2）the number of表示“……的数量”，跟在后头的名词也是复数的，不同的是这里的主语是单数的 the number，不是它后面的复数名词，谓语动词必须和 the number 呼应。 ‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 许多学生没有到会。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________答案：A number of students were absent from the meeting.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）_____ the students in our school_____ over two thousand.‎ A. The number of is B. The number of are ‎ C. A number of is ‎ D. A number of are 答案与解析：A the number of 的意思是“···的数字是···（多少）”，因此它作主语指的就是数字，在这个句子中指的就是后面的“超过两千”。作为一个数字2000，当然谓语应该是is单数，因为只代表一个数字。‎ ‎2)The number of people invited _______ fifty, but a number of them _______ absent for different reasons.‎ ‎ A. were; was    B. was; was    C. was; were    D. were; were 答案与解析：选C译文：受邀人数是50人，而他们中有许多人由于各种原因没有来。‎ ‎2.【原句】A third reason is that learning Chinese is, simply, a challenge. (P55) 另一个原因就是学习英语是一种挑战。（P27）‎ ‎【名师点拨】‎ 句中that引导的表语从句说明主语reason的具体内容。The reason why...is that... 这是特定句型，why引导定语从句，is后的用词为that，不用because。‎ ‎①The reason why he could not go there was that his grades were too low.‎ 他不能去的原因是分数太低。‎ ‎②The reason why she did it is that she wouldn’t let her parents feel disappointed.‎ 她为什么做那件事是因为她不想让父母失望。‎ 注意以下三种结构：‎ ‎① The reason is / was that clause. 当主语是reason / cause时，一般不能用because或why引导表语从句，以免造成语意重复。‎ The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late was that he got up late.‎ 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。‎ ‎②当主语是This / That时，可以由because / why引导表语从句。‎ He got up late. That was why he was late for class.‎ He was late for class. That was because He got up late.‎ ‎(2)why在句中是关系副词，引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason，同时它在定语从句中作状语，此时why = for which，但要注意：关系词在定语从句中做主语或宾语时，要用关系代词that或which。‎ The reason why/for which(也可以省去) he was late was that he got up late.‎ 他迟到的原因是他起床晚了。‎ The reason that/which/(也可以省去) he gave you was reasonable.‎ 他给你的理由是合理的。‎ ‎【仿写】‎ 我要求你来的原因是因为我相信你。‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________‎ 答案：The reason why I ask you to come is that I believe you.‎ ‎【即学即练】‎ ‎1）I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through. ‎ A. It’s the reason B. That’s why C. There’s why D. That’s because 答案与解析：选 B。That’s why…用于强调结果，That’s because…用于强调原因。‎ ‎2）The reason ____he failed to pass the exam was ____ he never studied hard.‎ A. why what    B. because that    C. why that    D. why    because ‎ 答案与解析：C ‎【课程目标导学】系统个性化 ‎1. Teaching objectives:‎ ‎1) To enable the Ss to practice the ability of listening, speaking, reading and writing;‎ ‎2) To get the students to grasp the important words, phrases and sentence patterns in this period;‎ ‎3) To make the students learn to write how to write an ad.‎ ‎2. Teaching method:‎ a. Fast and careful reading.‎ b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.‎ c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.‎ d. Discussion.‎ ‎【课程达标检测】‎ I. 根据括号内的汉语提示，写出各句中所缺单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1. I hope the arrangements meet with your _______ (赞成).‎ ‎2. Many young people could not ________(抵制 ) the spiritual pollution.‎ ‎3. This is the most_________(令人信服的 ) evidence that I can find to prove my point.‎ ‎4. He pretended that he had got a new ________ (概念) of the beginning of the universe.‎ ‎5. New dialects ______ (获得) their own complex features until they become real language in their own right. 答案：1. appoval 2. resist 3. convincing 4. concept 5. acquired Ⅱ. 根据括号内所给提示完成句子。‎ ‎1. All his parents’ hopes ______ ______(在于) him who has been admitted by the university.‎ ‎2. It is difficult for you to _______ the twin girls _______ (区分) at the first sight. ‎ ‎3. _____ ____ (总之), I’d like to say how much I’ve enjoyed staying here.‎ ‎4. The quality of the voice makes your friend instantly recognizable, _____ ______（尽管）you can’t see her.‎ ‎5. ______ ______(只要 ) speakers can understand each other, “correctness” seems less important.‎ 答案：‎ ‎1. lie in 2. tell; apart 3. In conclusion 4. even though 5. As long as ‎【课程训练】‎ I. 单项填空 ‎ ‎1. The two paintings look so much alike that I can’t _____the authentic painting and the modern copy ______.‎ A. tell; from B. tell; of C. tell; apart D. tell; off ‎2. There is not much time left and every minute _______.‎ A. important B. cares C. values D. counts ‎3. She complained to me _______ his laziness.‎ A. about B. of C. to D. in ‎4. What he is talking about is not _______to the present question.‎ A. concerned B. relevant C. dependent D. conventional ‎5. You’ll need to _______ them of your ability in order to get the job.‎ A. inform B. approve C. convince D. warn ‎6. Now words can’t _______ how delighted I am.‎ A. convey B. deliver C. clarify D. speak ‎7. _______, I would like to wish you continued success in the future.‎ A. In contrast B. In conclusion C. In common D. In principle ‎8. I really must _______ going over my lessons because the examination is coming.‎ A. get down to B. set out to C. make an effort D. wake up to ‎ ‎9. The student cheated again in the examination. He ______ his teacher’s trust in him.‎ A. abused B. offended C. betrayed D. hurt ‎10. I have made up my mind not to ______ my parents ______.‎ A. let alone B. let out C. let off D. let down 答案与解析：‎ ‎1.答案：C。题意为：这两幅画这么相似以至于我分辨不出真品和仿制品。此题考查动词短语。A：tell和from后面要分别带宾语。；B：不存在这样的搭配；C：“把…分辨开”；D：不存在这样的搭配。‎ ‎2.答案：D。题意为：时间所剩不多了，每分钟都很重要。此题考查动词词义辨析。我们应该选择一个谓语动词，所以排除A项；B：“关心”；C：“有价值，看重”；D：“重要”。‎ ‎3.答案：A。题意为：她向我抱怨他的懒惰。此题考查动词短语。“complain to sb. about sth.：向…抱怨…”。‎ ‎4.答案：B。题意为：他正讲的与目前的问题无关。此题考查形容词短语。“be relevant to：和…有关”。‎ ‎5.答案：C。题意为：为了得到这个工作，你需要使他们信服你的能力。此题考查动词短语。A：“通知某人某事”；B：不存在这样的搭配；C：“使某人信服某事”；D：“警告某人小心某事物”。‎ ‎6.答案：A。题意为：此刻语言无法表达我有多么高兴。此题考查动词词义辨析。A：“传达，表达”；B：“发送”；C：“澄清，阐明”；D：“说话”。‎ ‎7.答案：B。题意为：总之，我希望你未来继续成功。此题考查介词短语。A：“相反”；B：“总之”；C：“共同，相似”；D：“原则上”。‎ ‎8.答案：A。题意为：快要考试了，我要开始复习功课了。此题考查动词短语辨析。A：“开始认真干某事”；B：“开始做某事，后跟动词原形”；C：“努力做某事，后跟不定式”；D：“意识到”。‎ ‎9.答案：C。题意为：这个学生又在考试中作弊了，他背叛了老师的信任。 此题考查动词词义辨析。A：“滥用”；B：“冒犯”；C：“背叛”；D：“伤害”。‎ ‎10.答案：D。题意为：我下定决心不让我的父母失望。 此题考查动词短语。A：“不管”；B：“泄露”；C：“放出，饶恕”；D：“使…失望”。‎ Module 4 Test Ⅰ. 单项选择 ‎1. Nowadays, _______ huge number of people are studying English as ______ second language.‎ A. a; / B. the; the C. the; a D. a; a ‎2. As far as I know, Tom is a person who can be depended on. He’ll never let you _________.‎ A. down B. out C. off D. alone ‎3. In sports, what really ________ is not the winning but the playing.‎ A. depends B. minds C. counts D. cares ‎4. ________ we like a particular piece of news or not, all we have to do is to sit in front of the TV and let it happen.‎ A. Even if B. Whether C. No matter D. Although ‎5. ---Can you ________ the twin sisters apart?‎ ‎---No. They are so much alike.‎ A. split B. divide C. tell D. separate ‎6. Everyone’s fingerprints are ________. That’s why the police can use fingerprints to identify criminals.‎ A. unique B. single C. special D. rare ‎7. ________ you keep your main objective in sight, there’s no reason why you shouldn’t have a little variety in your life!‎ A. Because B. As long as C. Unless D. If only ‎8. --- Were you disappointed when the boss _______ your proposal?‎ ‎---A little bit, but I haven’t let it bother me.‎ A. received B. reserved C. rejected D. resisted ‎9. The final examination is approaching. It’s time we got down to _______ what we’ve learned this term.‎ A. revising B. revise C. having revised D. being revised ‎10. Not a few people think that all foreign-made articles are _________ those made in this country.‎ A. superior than B. more superior than C. superior to D. more superior to 答案与解析：‎ ‎1. D。a huge number of意为“许多”；a用于序数词前，意为“又一，再一”。句意为：目前，许多的人把英语作为第二语言来学习。‎ ‎2. A。let sb down意为“使……失望”；let out意为“泄露”；let off意为“宽恕”；let alone意为“不打扰”。句意为：据我所知，他是个可以信赖的人。他不会使你失望的。‎ ‎3. C。count意为“很重要，很有价值”；care意为“关心，顾虑”；consider意为“考虑”；mind意为“介意”。句意为：就运动而言，重要的不是赢，而是参与。‎ ‎4. B。whether … or …引导让步状语从句。句意为：不管我们喜欢不喜欢某条新闻，我们所能做的只是坐在电视机前任其播放。‎ ‎5. C。tell …‎ ‎ apart意为“把……区分开”。句意为：“你分得清这两个孪生姐妹吗?”“不能。他们太像了。”‎ ‎6. A。unique意为“同类事物中独一无二的”。句意为：每个人的指纹都是独一无二的。这就是警察能用指纹确定罪犯身份的原因。single意为“单人的，单一的，单个的”；special意为“特别的，专门的”；rare意为“稀有的”。‎ ‎7. B。as long as引导条件状语从句。句意为：只要你不忘记你的主要目标，你没有理由不使你的生活内容多样化一些。because意为“因为”；unless意为“除非”；if only意为“要是……就好了”。‎ ‎8. C。receive意为“接受”；reserve意为“保留”；reject意为“拒绝接受”，reject one’s proposal拒绝了某人的建议；resist意为“反抗，抵制”。句意为：“老板拒绝你的建议时你失望吗？”“有点，但是我不会让它烦我的。”‎ ‎9. A。get down to意为“开始做某事”，后跟动名词。句意为：期末考试就要到了。该是我们开始复习这学期所学内容的时候了。‎ ‎10. C。superior + to是固定搭配，表示“比……更好”。英语中有些词本身就含有比较级意味，后面不可再加than。类似用法的词还有junior，senior等。句意为：很多人认为所有的外国产的商品要比本国产的好。‎