2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit8SectionⅥLesson4

2020届北师大版高考一轮复习必修三学案：Unit8SectionⅥLesson4

Section_Ⅵ_ Lesson 4‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎[原文呈现]‎ The RACE to the POLE On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott left London to begin his journey to the Antarctic①.On his way②， he received a message from the Norwegian③ explorer Roald Amundsen: “I'm going South.” So the race to the South Pole was on④！‎ During the polar summer of 1910－1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation⑤ for their journeys the next year. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter⑥. Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring.‎ Amundsen was the first to leave⑦， on 15 October, 1911. He had teams of dogs pulling⑧ the sledges⑨ and all his men were on skis. Because of⑩ this, he made rapid progress⑪. Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges broke down⑫， and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with⑬ the snow and the cold. After a while⑭， Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves.‎ Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December and put a Norwegian flag there. Then he prepared for⑮ the return journey. Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January. They were shocked⑯ when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote sadly in his diary：‎ ‎“Well, we have now lost the goal⑰ of our ambition⑱ and must face⑲ 800 miles of hard pushing — and goodbye to most of our dreams.”‎ ‎[读文清障]‎ ‎①the Antarctic /æn'tɑːktIk/ 南极地区 ‎②on one's way 在途中 in a way 在某种程度上 ‎③Norwegian /nɔː'wiːdʒən/ adj.挪威的 n．挪威人 ‎④be on 开始 ‎⑤preparation /ˌprepə'reIʃən/ n．准备，预备 in preparation for ... 为……做准备(介词短语)‎ make preparations for ... 为……做准备(动词短语)‎ ‎⑥时间状语 then置于句首引起的完全倒装结构。‎ ‎⑦动词不定式to leave 作定语，修饰the first。‎ ‎⑧have sb. doing sth.使某人一直做某事 have sb. do sth.使某人做某事 ‎⑨sledge /sledʒ/ n．雪车，雪橇 ‎⑩because of 因为，后接名词或代词。‎ because 后接原因状语从句。‎ ‎⑪make progress 稳步前进；取得进步 ‎⑫break down 损坏，不能运转 break up 分解；驱散 ‎⑬have difficulty/trouble with sth.在某事上有困难 ‎⑭after a while 不久；过一会儿 once in a while 偶尔 ‎⑮prepare for 为……做准备 be prepared for 为……做好准备 ‎⑯shock /ʃɒk/ vt.震惊，惊骇 be shocked by/at被……震惊 ‎⑰goal /ɡəʊl/ n．目的；目标 lose/achieve a goal 失去/实现目标 ‎⑱ambition /æm'bIʃən/ n．志向，抱负 ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的 ‎⑲face vt.&vi.面对，面向 be faced with 面临 奔向极地的赛跑 ‎[第1～5段译文]‎ ‎1910年6月1日‎，斯科特上校离开伦敦开始他的南极探险。在途中，他收到了来自挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的信息：“我正向南极进发。”因此，这场奔向南极的赛跑就开始了！‎ 在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。斯科特和阿蒙森都迫不及待地等待着春天的到来。‎ ‎1911年10月15日‎，阿蒙森第一个出发了。他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。因此，他前进的速度很快。斯科特‎11月1日出发，出发后不久就遇到了麻烦。‎ 先是他的两辆雪橇坏了，后来马匹开始应付不了大雪和严寒的天气。过了一段时间，斯科特不得不和队员们一起推雪橇了。‎ 阿蒙森‎12月14日到达南极点，在南极点插上了挪威国旗，然后他准备回程。斯科特和四名队员最终于‎1月17日到达南极。当他们看到挪威国旗时，他们感到震惊。斯科特在日记中痛苦地写道：‎ ‎“噢，我们现在已经失去了雄伟的目标，但还得面对800 英里的艰难跋涉——与我们的大部分梦想说再见。”‎ The return journey was one of the worst in the history of exploration. The men were soon exhausted⑳ and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situation：‎ ‎“... we are very cheerful， but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. Putting on our shoes in the morning is getting slower and slower.”‎ However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks. They carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them. Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past the Antarctic was covered by plants.‎ Then, disaster soon came. Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall. The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death：‎ ‎“He said，‘I am just going outside and I may be some time.’ We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to stop him, we knew that it was the act of a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spirit, and certainly the end is not far.”,⑳exhausted /Iɡ'zɔːstId/ adj.疲惫的 exhausting adj.令人疲惫的 run out of 用完，耗尽 hopeless /'həʊpləs/ adj.没有希望的 hopeful adj.有希望的 cheerful /'tʃIəfl/ adj.愉快的，高兴的 动名词短语Putting on our shoes in the morning作主语。‎ all the way 一路上，远道，自始至终 at one time 曾经，一度 at a time 一次 distant /'dIstənt/ adj.远处的；久远的 distance n. 距离，远方 have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 ‎ [第6～10段译文]他们返回的行程是探险史上最艰难的行程之一。‎ 队员们很快就筋疲力竭了，食品也快吃完了。天气异常恶劣。斯科特开始意识到他们所处的绝望境地：“……我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。早上穿鞋的动作越来越慢了。”尽管如此，在返程途中，他们还抽时间采集岩石。一路上他们携带了20 ‎ 千克岩石。后来这些石块证实，在遥远的过去，南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。接着，灾难很快袭来。埃德加·埃文斯病重，重重地跌倒后死去。接下来离开的是奥茨上校，他行走非常艰难。斯科特记录了他的死亡： ‎“他说：‘我只是出去走走，可能要走上一会儿。’我们都知道可怜的奥茨在走向死亡，尽管我们试图阻拦，但我们都知道这是勇敢者的举动，是英国绅士的行为。我们都希望以同样的精神结束生命，而且大家都知道，死亡正在逼近。”‎ ‎　　Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their tent. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen：‎ ‎“I could tell you lots and lots about this journey. What stories you would have for the boy ... But what a price to pay.”‎ Scott's diary also told the story of their end：‎ ‎“We are getting weaker and weaker and the end can't be far. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more.”‎ The news of Scott's death shocked the world. He had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage shown by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.‎ carry on继续做某事 carry out 实行，执行 within /wIð'In/ prep.在……之内，在……内部 spend time doing sth.花费时间做某事 形容词短语full of sadness 作定语，修饰a letter。‎ sadness /'sædnIs/ n．悲哀，忧伤 weaker and weaker 越来越虚弱 ‎“比较级＋and＋比较级”表示“越来越……”。‎ fail v．失败，不及格 fail to do sth. 未能做成某事 extraordinary adj.非同寻常的；特别的 过去分词短语shown by Captain Scott and his men 作定语，修饰courage。‎ make ... into ... 使……成为……‎ ‎ [第11～15段译文]斯科特和两名同伴继续向前，‎ 到达距离食品储存处不足11英里的地方。但是后来一场可怕的暴风雪降临，他们无法离开帐篷。斯科特用最后的时间写下了一些东西，他给妻子凯瑟琳写了一封信，信中充满悲伤： ‎“我能够告诉你许许多多关于这次探险的事。你可以把这些故事讲给儿子听……但是为这一切，我们付出了多大的代价啊。”斯科特的日记也记述了他们生命的结束：“我们越来越虚弱，离生命结束不远了。真遗憾，我想我写不下去了。”斯科特逝世的消息震惊了世界。尽管他输掉了奔向南极的竞赛，但斯科特上校和他的伙伴们所表现出来的非凡勇气足以使他们成为英雄。‎ True (T) or False (F)．‎ ‎1．Captain Scott was the first to start the journey to Antarctic while Roald Amundsen was the first to leave Antarctic.__T__‎ ‎2．Captain Scott's team lost the goal of their ambition because Amundsen had arrived at the Pole before them.__T__‎ ‎3．The difficulties Captain Scott's team encountered were that his two sledges broke down and the horses died from the snow and the cold.__F__‎ ‎4．What made Captain Scott and his men into heroes was the extraordinary courage shown during the journey.__T__‎ Choose the best answers according to the text.‎ ‎1．Which of the following is a fact about the team of Captain Scott?‎ A．Captain Scott set out earlier than Roald Amundsen.‎ B．Captain Scott started on 1 June 1910 and marched nonstop till 17 January, 1912.‎ C．On their way back, they carried 20 kilos of rocks all the way with them.‎ D．The whole team died from hunger.‎ ‎2．Which of the following can NOT be the cause of the failure of the race for Captain Scott?‎ A．They had to push the sledge themselves.‎ B．A storm broke out at a wrong time.‎ C．They spent time writing home instead of struggling.‎ D．The horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.‎ ‎3．The story mainly tells us ________.‎ A．an experience of the race to the Pole B．the lesson from Captain Scott C．the way to the South Pole can be too hard D．enough food will ensure us to go 答案：1～3　CCA 一、这样记单词 记得准·写得对 记得快·记得多 Ⅰ.基础词汇 ‎1．preparation_n．　　　　　　准备；预备 ‎2．shock_vt. 震惊，惊骇 ‎3．goal_n. 目的；目标 ‎4．ambition n. 志向，抱负 ‎5．within prep. 在……之内，在……内部 ‎6．function vi. 运转；发挥作用 Ⅱ.拓展词汇 ‎1．hopeless_adj.没有希望的→hope v．&n.希望，期望 ‎2．cheerful_adj.愉快的，高兴的→cheerfully adv.高兴地→cheer v．&n.欢呼，喝彩 ‎3．distant_adj.远处的，久远的→distance n．距离；远处，远方 ‎4．sadness_n．悲哀，忧伤→sad adj.难过的，悲伤的→sadly adv.伤心地 ‎5．aim_n．目标，目的→aimless adj.无目标的，无目的的 ‎6．patience_n．耐心，忍耐力→patient adj忍耐的n.病人 ‎7．nationality_n．国籍→nation n．国家→national adj.国家的 ‎1.preparation n．准备，预备 ‎[记法]　 prepare(准备)＋ation(名词后缀，“状态”)→preparation ‎ [联想]　ation结尾名词小结 ‎①accommodation 住所，住处　　②adaptation 适应；改编 ‎③education 教育 ④expectation 预料，预想 ‎2．function vi.运转；发挥作用 ‎[同义]　①work　　　　工作，操作，使产生效果 ‎②run 跑；流动；运行 ‎③operate 操作；经营；运转；管理 ‎3．hopeless adj.没有希望的 ‎[反义]　hopeful adj.怀有希望的，有希望的 ‎4．sadness n．悲哀，忧伤 ‎ [反义]　cheer, happiness, joy, delight ‎ ‎5．aim n．目标，目的 ‎[图片记忆]　瞄准目标学aim ‎6．patience n．耐心，忍耐力 ‎[联想]　照顾病人(patient)需要极大的耐心(patience)‎ 二、这样记短语 记牢固定短语 多积常用词块 ‎1.on one's way　　　　　　　在途中 ‎2．break down 损坏，不能运转 ‎3．run out of 用完，耗尽 ‎4．carry on 继续做某事 ‎5．have difficulty (in)_doing 做某事有困难 ‎6．in the history of 在……的历史上 ‎7．in preparation for 为……做准备 ‎1.because of 　　　　　　　　　 因为；由于 ‎2．after a while 不久；过一会儿 ‎3．prepare for the return journey 准备回程 ‎4．all the way 一路上，远道，自始至终 ‎5．at one time 曾经，一度 ‎6．make progress 取得进步 ‎7．make ... into ... 使……成为……‎ 三、这样记句式 先背熟 再悟通 后仿用 ‎1.Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.‎ 接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。‎ 完全倒装语序。‎ Now comes_your_turn.‎ 现在轮到你了。‎ ‎2.He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.‎ 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。‎ have＋宾语＋宾语补足语。‎ He had_us_laughing during the lunchtime.‎ 他让我们在午饭期间一直笑个不停。‎ ‎3.... we are very cheerful, but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess.‎ ‎……我们看上去都很愉快，但我能猜出大家心里的想法。‎ what引导名词性从句并在从句中作表语。‎ What_worries__the_public is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.‎ 令民众担心的事是能否找到阻止污染的方法。‎ ‎1．(教材P28)On his way, he received a message from the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen：“I'm going South.”‎ 在途中，他收到了来自挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的信息：“我正向南极进发。”‎ on one's way (to)在途中；在去……的路上，即将，将要 in a way　　　　　　　 在某种程度上 in the way 挡道 all the way 一路上 by the way 顺便提一下 no way 没门，不可能 in no way 决不 ‎①We will pass by many small towns on our way to London.‎ 前往伦敦的路上我们将会经过许多小镇。‎ ‎②_In_no_way can we tolerate your behaviors any more.‎ 我们决不能再容忍你的行为。‎ ‎③I put her downstairs so that she shouldn't be in the way.‎ 我让她住在楼下免得碍事。‎ ‎[名师点津]　in no way“决不”，表示否定意义，放在句首时，句子要部分倒装。‎ ‎2．(教材P28)During the polar summer of 1910—1911, both teams organised food bases in preparation for their journeys the next year.‎ 在1910—1911年的极地夏季，两队人都为下一年的探险做了食物储备。‎ preparation n．准备，预备 ‎(1)in preparation for　　　　　　　 为……做准备 make preparations for 为……做准备 be in preparation 在准备中 ‎(2)prepare v. 准备 prepare for sth. 为……做准备(强调动作)‎ be prepared for sth. 为……做好准备(强调状态)‎ prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 ‎①The best preparation for tomorrow is doing your best today.‎ 对明天最好的预备就是今天做得更好。‎ ‎②They've sold their house and car in_preparation_for leaving the country.‎ 他们卖掉了房子和汽车准备出国。‎ ‎③The teacher is_preparing the reviewing quiz, while the students are_preparing_for it.‎ 老师正在准备复习测试题，而学生正在为测试做准备。‎ ‎3．(教材P28)They were shocked when they saw the Norwegian flag.‎ 当他们看到挪威国旗时，他们感到震惊。‎ shock vt.震惊，惊骇n.[C]令人震惊的事[U]震惊，震动 ‎(1)be shocked at/by　　　　　 因……而震惊 be shocked to do sth. 因做某事而深感震惊 ‎(2)to one's shock 令某人震惊的是 ‎①The news was a great shock to me.‎ 这则消息令我十分震惊。‎ ‎②The public were_shocked_by/at this plane crash.‎ 公众被这起飞机失事震惊了。‎ ‎③To_my_shock,_such an attack could happen in this school.‎ 令我震惊的是，这样的袭击事件竟会发生在这所学校。‎ ‎4．(教材P28)The next to go was Captain Oates, who was having great difficulty walking.‎ 接下来离开的是奥茨上校，他行走非常艰难。‎ have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困难 have difficulty/trouble/problems/with sth.‎ ‎　　　　　　　　　　　　　 在某方面有困难 have difficulty/trouble/problems (in) doing sth.‎ ‎ 做某事有困难 ‎①I have some difficulty (in) communicating with foreigners.‎ ‎ 我与外国人交流还有些困难。‎ ‎②Whenever we have difficulty with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.‎ 无论何时我们学习上有困难，老师都会耐心帮助我们。‎ ‎5．(教材P28)The men were soon exhausted and were running out of food.‎ 队员们很快就筋疲力竭了，食品也快吃完了。‎ run out of用完，耗尽(＝use up)‎ be running short　　　　　　 快用完 run across 偶遇；横跨 run after 追捕；追求 ‎①We have run out of milk and juice.‎ 我们用完了牛奶和果汁。‎ ‎②Did you ever run across the word “camp”？‎ 你曾见过“camp”这个词吗？‎ ‎[辨析比较]　run out of, run out run out of 是及物动词短语，表示主动含义，其主语一般是人 run out 是不及物动词短语，其主语通常为时间、食物、金钱等名词 选用上述短语填空 ‎③We've run_out_of petrol so far.‎ ‎→Our petrol has run_out so far.‎ 到目前为止我们的汽油用完了。‎ ‎6．(教材P28)Scott and two of his team members carried on and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases.‎ 斯科特和两名同伴继续向前，到达距离食品储存处不足‎11英里的地方。‎ carry on继续做某事 carry on 继续做某事 carry away　　　　　　　 拿走 carry out 进行(实验)，实施(计划)，履行(义务、约定)‎ carry sb. through 帮助某人渡过难关 ‎①Carry on with your sewing while I read you a story.‎ 继续做你的针线活儿，我来给你读一个故事。‎ ‎②His courage and determination carried him through.‎ 他的勇气和决心帮助他渡过了难关。‎ ‎③No matter what difficulty you will meet with, carry out your plan.‎ 不管你遇到什么困难，都要执行计划。‎ ‎7．(教材P29)patience n．耐心；忍耐力 ‎(1)have the patience to do　　　　 有耐心做某事 with patience 耐心地 be out of patience with 对……忍无可忍 ‎(2)patient adj. 耐心的 ‎ 　n. 病人 be patient with sb./of sth. 对……有耐心 ‎①It was a hard work, and required all his patience.‎ 工作很艰巨，需要极大耐心。‎ ‎②He doesn't have the patience to_sit (sit) reading every day.‎ 他没有耐心整天坐着看书。‎ ‎③The nurse is very patient with_her patients.‎ 那位护士对她的病人很有耐心。‎ ‎8．(教材P29)aim n．目标；目的vt.&vi.瞄准，对准；目的在于 aim sth. at sth./sb.　　　 用某物瞄准某物/人 aim at 瞄准； 力争 aim to do sth. 打算做某事(口语)；旨在 be aimed at 旨在，目的是 ‎①I aimed the gun carefully at the target.‎ 我小心地用枪瞄准了目标。‎ ‎②Harry aims at becoming a doctor.‎ 哈里立志做一名医生。‎ ‎③His criticism was obviously aimed_at_us.‎ 他的批评显然是针对我们的。‎ ‎1. Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. ‎ ‎ 接着漆黑的极地冬夜来临了。‎ ‎(1)该句为完全倒装语序，主语为the total darkness of the polar winter, 谓语为came。‎ ‎(2)所谓完全倒装，就是将谓语动词置于主语前。构成完全倒装的条件：‎ ‎◆表示地点的副词here, there, up, down, out, in, away；表示时间的副词now, then；表语以及表示地点的介词短语位于句首。‎ ‎◆句子的谓语动词是系动词be或come, go, lie, stand等不及物动词。‎ ‎◆句子的主语是名词。‎ ‎①Here comes the bus.‎ 公共汽车来了。‎ ‎②In_came the headmaster.‎ 校长进来了。‎ ‎③Gone_are_the_days when we were looked down upon.‎ 我们被瞧不起的日子一去不复返了。‎ ‎④In the yard stands_a_tall_tree.‎ 院子里有一棵大树。‎ ‎[名师点津]　(1)这种完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。‎ ‎(2)谓语动词的单复数视后面主语的单复数而定。‎ ‎(3)主语为代词时句子不使用完全倒装。‎ ‎2．He had teams of dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis.‎ 他让成群的狗拉着雪橇，所有人都坐在雪板上。‎ 本句使用了句型“have＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，其中have是使役动词，意为“使，叫，让”。该句型用法有以下几种：‎ ‎(1)have sb./sth. doing (动作具有持续、进行含义)‎ ‎(2)have sb. do让某人做某事 ‎(3)have sth. done 让/请别人做某事；遭受到 ‎①They tried to have her talking. But no use.‎ 他们想让她说话，但没用。‎ ‎②She had planned to have her daughter marry_(marry) Laurie. ‎ 她本打算让女儿嫁给劳里。‎ ‎③As we left we had a photograph taken_(take) together.‎ 临走时，我们一起照相了。‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I had great difficulty finding_(find) that restaurant.‎ ‎2．Shocked_(shock) by the sad news, she broke out in tears.‎ ‎3．In spite of the noise, he carried on reading (read)．‎ ‎4．They answered all my questions with patience (patient) .‎ ‎5．We aim_to_finish_(finish) the task by Friday.‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．On_my_way_home,_I visited Mr. Wang.‎ 回家途中，我拜访了王先生。‎ ‎2．They are_all_making_preparations_for/preparing_for tomo‎ rrow's examination.　‎ 他们都在为明天的考试做准备。‎ ‎3．We had_the_washing_machine_repaired just now.‎ 我们刚才请人把洗衣机修好了。‎ ‎4．Within a month, he ran_out_of_all_his_money.‎ 一个月内，他花光了身上所有的钱。‎ ‎5．The door opened slowly and there stood_the_woman.‎ 门慢慢打开，那位女士就站在那里。‎ 一、全练语言点，基稳才能楼高 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Organizers are making final preparations_(准备) for the Olympic Games.‎ ‎2．Her sadness_(悲伤) at her failing the exam was obvious.‎ ‎3．You'll need patience_(耐心) and understanding if you're going to be a teacher.‎ ‎4．At the International School they have pupils of 46 different nationalities_(国籍)．‎ ‎5．By the time they reached the summit they were exhausted (疲惫)．‎ ‎6．All the children remained cheerful_(高兴的)during the journey.‎ ‎7．One of his ambitions (抱负) is to study abroad.‎ ‎8．I was born in a town quite a distance (远) from here.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．I suppose you are right in a way. ‎ ‎2．If Jimmy carries on working like this, he will break down sooner or later. ‎ ‎3．My energy has run out,_so I feel very tired. ‎ ‎4．No matter what happens, we should carry on with_our research.‎ ‎5．Everybody got shocked_when they heard the shocking story.(shock)‎ ‎6．It saves time in the kitchen to have things you use a lot within easy reach.‎ ‎7．My daughter would like to have her photos taken where lies (lie) a lake.‎ ‎8．The hunter aimed at the deer and fired, but missed it.‎ ‎9．She'll have you doing (do) all the housework if you're not careful.‎ ‎10．You still have some difficulty with_your pronunciation.‎ ‎11．A doctor is there to treat and cure, not to dismiss anyone as a hopeless_(hope) case.‎ ‎12．She manages to stay cheerful_(cheer), though there exists something unpleasant.‎ Ⅲ.选词填空 be aimed at， break down， in preparation for， carried on， run out of， on one's way， in the history of， make progress ‎1．The telephone system broke_down suddenly while he was calling his mother.‎ ‎2．One person carried_on what the other had left off.‎ ‎3．I have run_out_of all my money. ‎ ‎4．Joe is training in_preparation_for the next football match.‎ ‎5．I paid a visit to one of my old friends on_my_way to Boston.‎ ‎6．Are you making_progress in your study?‎ ‎7．Steven Spielberg is one of the most famous directors in_the_history_of film.‎ ‎8．The visit was_aimed_at expanding relations between the two countries.‎ Ⅳ.课文语法填空 On 1 June, 1910, Captain Scott began his journey1.tothe Antarctic. At the same time, the ‎ Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen was also going south. During the polar summer, both teams organised food bases in 2.preparation (prepare) for their journey. Amundsen reached the Antarctic first. Then he prepared for the return journey. Scott 3.finally (final) arrived at the Pole. They 4.were_shocked (shock) when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote sadly in his diary：“Well, we have now lost the goal of our ambition and must face 800 miles of hard pushing — and goodbye to most of our 5.dreams (dream)．”‎ The return journey was one of the worst in the exploration. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott realised their 6.hopeless (hope) situation：“...we are very cheerful，7.but what each man feels in his heart I can only guess ...”. Then a terrible storm started. Scott spent some of his last hours 8.writing (write). He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife. The news of Scott's death shocked 9.the world. He had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the extraordinary courage 10.shown (show) by Captain Scott and his men made them into heroes.‎ Ⅴ.串点成篇微表达 上周我们参加了夏令营，对此我们做了充分的准备(make preparations for)。一大早我们就出发了。在去夏令营的路上(on one's way to)，我们的车坏(break down)了。过了一会儿(after a while)，我把车修好(have sth. done)了。我们快速开车到目的地，不幸的是，我们的油用完(run out of)了，我费了好大劲(have great difficulty in)才弄来了汽油。令我吃惊的是(to one's shock)，当我们到达目的地时，没有人。结果是我弄错了时间。‎ Last_week_we_joined_a_summer_camp._I_made_full_preparations_for_it._We_set_off_early_in_the_morning._On_the_way_to_the_summer_camp,_our_car_broke_down._After_a_while,_I_had_it_repaired_well._We_drove_quickly_to_the_destination._Unluckily_we_ran_out_of_petrol._I_had_great_difficulty_in_getting_some_petrol._To_my_shock,_when_we_arrived_at_the_destination,_there_was_no_one._It_turned_out_that_I_were_mistaken_about_the_exact_time._‎ 二、勤练高考题型，多练自能生巧 Ⅰ.完形填空 John Perry stood up and looked around again. The island had been a good place to find shells. But now how could he make the __1__ move out to sea ...? If they swam out to sea he could jump in and get to shore __2__ they saw him.‎ He saw the sharks rolling and playing. Their __3__ was now gone and they were killing for fun. How could he make them move away?‎ He drew his knife from his belt. Sharks can __4__ blood, he thought. He put the knife against his leg and cut deep into the __5__. The blood ran out and he caught it on his white shirt. When the shirt was red and wet he tied some cloth around his leg to __6__ the flow of blood. He then tied a long piece of cloth to the shirt, threw it into the water and __7__ it with the piece of cloth.‎ The sharks smelled the blood and came __8__ toward the shirt. He ran down the sand reef pulling the shirt and the sharks raced after it. He was __9__ them away from shore. Suddenly he dropped the cloth, turned toward the __10__ and ran as fast as he could. He jumped in the water ‎ and swam.‎ He was halfway across __11__ he turned to look back. A high bony fin (鳍) was __12__ through the water toward him. He put his face in the water and kicked and splashed himself __13__ as fast as he could. The shore was near now.‎ He lifted his head again to __14__ and he saw the shore very near. From behind he left the water rush toward him, almost pushing him, helping him. And then a great gray body hit him and almost rolled him over in the water. He touched the shore with __15__ and he pulled himself up the stones. The shark, __16__ by the smell of blood and the chase (追逐), went wildly after him. Its great body crashed against __17__.‎ The end came quickly and the water was covered with the shark's blood. The injured shark was eaten up __18__ by others as it tried to escape.‎ Perry slowly struggled __19__ his feet.‎ ‎“So，” he said，“you did not get me.” And he looked down at the sharks still eating __20__ they weren't hungry. He climbed up the stones and walked toward the village.‎ ‎1．A.boats 　　　　　　　　 B．sharks ‎ C．soldiers D．shells 解析：选B　通读全文可知本文讲述了一个男孩利用智慧摆脱鲨鱼的包围的故事，故该空应选择sharks。‎ ‎2．A.before B．after C．until D．when 解析：选A　男孩希望能在鲨鱼看到他之前游到岸上去。‎ ‎3．A.food B．hunger C．anger D．wish 解析：选B　根据下文的“__3__ was now gone and they were killing for fun.”可推知，鲨鱼们已经吃饱，即它们的饥饿已经消失，现在正以杀戮取乐。‎ ‎4．A.fear B．taste C．drink D．smell 解析：选D　男孩想到了用自己的血将鲨鱼引开的主意，因为鲨鱼能闻到血腥味。‎ ‎5．A.sand B．shark C．flesh D．mat 解析：选C　因为要用血将鲨鱼引开，所以男孩拿刀子在自己的腿上扎了一下，让鲜血流出来。‎ ‎6．A.stop B．keep C．join D．cause 解析：选A　将自己的衬衣用鲜血浸透之后，男孩用布条将伤口扎住，以此来止血。‎ ‎7．A.pulled B．wrapped C．connected D．caught 解析：选A　男孩打算用带血的衬衣将鲨鱼引开。他在衬衣上拴了长长的布条，并拖着衬衣在水里跑。‎ ‎8．A.running B．racing C．swimming D．jumping 解析：选B　结合下一句中“the sharks raced after it”可知这些鲨鱼嗜血如命，争先恐后地追逐着带血的衬衣。race 此处为动词，指“赛跑”。‎ ‎9．A.driving B．keeping C．preventing D．leading 解析：选D　根据第一段中“make the __1__ move out to sea”可知男孩的目的就是用带血的衬衣将这群鲨鱼引到海中。‎ ‎10．A.sea B．shore C．island D．sand 解析：选B　根据第一段中“get to shore __2__ they saw him”可知此时男孩扔掉带血的衬衣的目的就是要到岸上去。‎ ‎11．A.before B．while C．unless D．when 解析：选D　当男孩游到半路时，他回头看。when 此处为并列连词，表示“这时”。‎ ‎12．A.going B．running C．cutting D．swimming 解析：选C　此处用cut through 来形容鲨鱼的鳍穿过海面的样子。‎ ‎13．A.forward B．backward C．upward D．downward 解析：选A　看到鲨鱼朝自己冲来，男孩自然是奋力向岸边游去。forward 向前。‎ ‎14．A.cry B．breathe C．swim D．escape 解析：选B　根据上一段的“He put his face in the water ... 以及本段中He lifted his head again”可知男孩此时从水里抬起头来呼吸。‎ ‎15．A.his feet B．a stick C．his fingers D．the shirt 解析：选C　根据后文“he pulled himself up the stones”可知男孩此时已游到了岸边，他的手指感觉到了海岸。‎ ‎16．A.interested B．frightened C．disappointed D．excited 解析：选D　鲨鱼拼命追逐男孩的原因就是它受到了鲜血气味的刺激。excite“使……兴奋”。‎ ‎17．A.the shore B．Perry C．the stones D．the shells 解析：选C　根据前文“he pulled himself up the stones”以及下文“the water was covered with the shark's blood”可知鲨鱼向男孩所在的石头撞去。‎ ‎18．A.lively B．alive C．dead D．friendly 解析：选B　根据前文中的injured 可知这条鲨鱼只是受了伤，但却被同类活活吃掉。‎ ‎19．A.on B．by C．to D．with 解析：选C　struggle to one's feet 为固定搭配，表示“挣扎着站起来”。‎ ‎20．A.as though B．even though C．as soon as D．as long as 解析：选B　根据句意可知，前后语意表转折。虽然鲨鱼们并不饿，但它们仍然在吃。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 Dear Ella，‎ I'm badly in need of your help with my problems. You are so __1__ (confidence) and always know what to do, so I hope you can give me some suggestions.‎ My parents are very strict. They won't let me do anything __2__ my own. They have been really __3__ (disappoint) with me because of my poor school results. __4__ (actual), it is their pressure that is making __5__ hard for me to do well in school.‎ Besides, I'm not getting along very well with my friends. They are always trying to get me to do things that I don't like, __6__ of course makes me angry. I want to make my own decisions. I don't want to do things because of the pressure from my classmates. ‎ Also, I'm always worrying about my __7__ (appear). I think I'm getting too fat — I __8__ (gain) twenty pounds in the past two years. I have too many pimples (粉刺) on my face, too.‎ ‎__9__ (face) all these problems, I am feeling stressed and sad. In fact, I'm so stressed __10__ I'm beginning to have sleep problems. What shall I do? Please help me!‎ ‎1．confident　空格中所填单词前面有so修饰，需用confidence的形容词形式。‎ ‎2．on　on one's own是固定搭配，意为“独自，独立”。‎ ‎3．disappointed　disappoint的过去分词形式disappointed 相当于一个形容词，常修饰人。这里是形容词作表语。‎ ‎4．Actually　空格中所填单词修饰整个句子，需用actual的副词形式。‎ ‎5．it　句中it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的不定式to do well in school。‎ ‎6．which　此处关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句内容，which在从句中作主语。‎ ‎7．appearance　空格中所填单词在句中作宾语，需用appear的名词形式。‎ ‎8．have gained　句中“in the past/last＋一段时间”作状语，谓语动词常用现在完成时。‎ ‎9．Facing　Facing all these problems是现在分词短语作状语，分词动作face与逻辑主语I之间是主谓关系。‎ ‎10．that　 该句使用了so ... that ... 句型，意为“如此……以至于……”，其中that引导结果状语从句。‎