【英语】北京市门头沟区2020届高三二模试题（解析版）

【英语】北京市门头沟区2020届高三二模试题（解析版）

北京市门头沟区2020届高三二模英语试题 第一部分 知识运用（共两节，45分）‎ 第一节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）‎ A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ China is developing a next-generation spacecraft for human spaceflight ___1___would allow astronauts to travel to the moon and other deep-space destinations. China ___2___ (become) the third country to independently send astronauts into space in 2003 when Yang Liwei orbited Earth in the Shenzhou-5 spacecraft. However Shenzhou V is not designed for the environment of deep space. The new spacecraft, which has not yet been named, will orbit beyond Low-Earth Orbit (LEO), ___3___ (carry) four to six astronauts.‎ ‎【答案】1. that/which 2. became 3. carrying ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了中国正在开发下一代载人航天飞船，使宇航员能够前往月球和其他深空目的地。文章还介绍了中国2003年发射的神舟五号飞船的情况。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：中国正在开发下一代载人航天飞船，使宇航员能够前往月球和其他深空目的地。本句为定于从句修饰先行词spacecraft，且先行词在从句中作主语，指“航天飞船”故应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号飞船绕地球轨道飞行，中国成为第三个独立将宇航员送入太空的国家。根据后文时间状语in 2003可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填became。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：这艘尚未命名的新飞船将搭载4到6名宇航员绕近地轨道运行。分析句子结构可知carry在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语spacecraft构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。故填carrying。‎ B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ About 65% of Americans say they have difficulty falling asleep a few ___4___ (night) each week, according to a recent study ___5___ (make) by the National Sleep Foundation. Sleeping too little can lead to a higher risk of becoming fat and getting depressed. Some of your favourite evening habits may have something to do with sleeping problems. For example, the light of your bright alarm clock can prevent you ___6___ falling asleep. You should make your room as dark as possible. What’s more, it’s not good to exercise late at night. Fierce physical activities raise your body temperature and are bad for a good night’s sleep.‎ ‎【答案】4. nights 5. made 6. from ‎【解析】‎ 本文为说明文。文章主要介绍了有大约65%的美国人有睡眠问题。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 考查名词单复数。句意：根据国家睡眠组织最近所做的研究，大约65%的美国人每周有几晚都会有入睡问题。在这里a few要修饰可数名词的复数，所以这里的night要以复数形式出现。故填nights。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据国家睡眠组织最近所做的研究，大约65%的美国人每周有几晚都会有入睡问题。在这句话中，according to是一个介词短语，后面不能跟句子，所以动词make就要以非谓语的形式出现，这里a recent study和make之间是被动关系，用过去分词短语作后置定语。故填made。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 考查固定句型。句意：闹钟的亮光会阻止你入睡。阻止某人做某事，用固定句型prevent sb from doing sth。故填from。‎ C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写一个适当的词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。‎ A week before Earth Day, posters___7___ (put) up around our school, calling upon us to join in the actions for a greener earth.‎ Our class came up with the idea___8___ (make) better use of used materials. We brought to ‎ our classroom worn-out clothes, pieces of cardboard and empty plastic bottles and turned those into dolls, handbags, tissue boxes and small vases. That weekend, we went to a nearby neighbourhood and gave them away to the people there. All were very happy with those ___9___ (expect) gifts, especially little kids and elderly people. We did so well that we were invited to share our ideas and experience with all the students of our school.‎ We are very proud of ____10____ (we) and believe we can do more for a better world.‎ ‎【答案】7. were put 8. to make 9. unexpected 10. ourselves ‎【解析】‎ 本文为记叙文。本文作者讲述了地球日前一周，作者和同学参加了学校组织的“地球日”一系列活动。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 考查被动语态。句意：在地球日前一周，我们学校周围张贴了海报，号召我们加入到建设一个更绿色地球的行动中来。分析句子可知，本句的主语posters与谓语动词put up 二者是被动关系，要用被动语态。根据时间状语A week before Earth Day（在地球日的前一周）是过去的时间状语，要用一般过去时，因此本空格要用一般过去时的被动，故填were put。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：为了更好地利用旧材料，我们班想出了这个主意。分析句子可知，空格处在句中作目的状语，一般要用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to make。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：收到这些意想不到的礼物，大家都很高兴，尤其是小孩子和老人。根据上文“我们把破旧的衣服、纸板和空塑料瓶带到教室里，把它们变成玩偶、手提包、纸巾盒和小花瓶。那个周末，我们去了附近的一个社区，把它们送给了那里的人”，由此可知，这些礼物对于那里的人们来说，是意料之外的，想不到的。空格处在句中作定语，修饰代词those，要用形容词，故填unexpected。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 考查反身代词。句意：我们为我们自己感到骄傲，相信我们可以为更美好的世界做更多的事。分析句子可知，此处是指我们为我们自己感到骄傲，所以空格处要用反身代词，“我们自己”即ourselves，故填ourselves。‎ 第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ On Friday afternoon Class Seven had an Art lesson. It was their favourite lesson of the week. Everyone ___11___ Trudy Hubble looked forward to it. Trudy had arms that stuck out and always knocked things over. ‎ When Trudy came into the classroom, Rob Mason said, “Look out, here comes Trouble!” All the kids ___12___. Trudy had to smile and pretended she didn’t mind. How she wished she could be more like Lisa Gibbs, who had small hands and feet and never ___13___ things over! ‎ That day, they were going to paint animals. Again, Trudy knocked over the jam jar. Dirty water spread in a pool across the table and ___14___ Lisa’s dragon. Every time Trudy tried to do Art, it was always a ___15___.‎ ‎“I hate Art,” Trudy thought as she went home on the bus, wishing never to go to school again.‎ As soon as she got home, Mum asked her to take a ___16___ to Mrs. Willow.‎ Trudy knocked on the door and the door opened. There stood an old lady, so tall and elegant, like her house, which was full of ___17___ china. ‎ ‎“My mum’s your home help. She won’t be able to come tomorrow. She’s got a cold.” ‎ ‎“I’m sorry to hear that. What she needs is my special cold ___18___. Come inside and I’ll give you some. ” Mrs. Willow opened the door wider. ‎ Keeping her arms pressed to her sides, Trudy stood ___19___, much like a statue, afraid to move in. ‎ ‎“Why?”‎ ‎“I am the clumsiest person in our school! I know something will get broken when I’m ___20___.” ‎ ‎“I used to be clumsy too, a real ugly little duck,” Mrs. Willow smiled. “But I grew up to be a swan(白天鹅).” ‎ ‎“But I don't think I shall,” Trudy doubted. “I’ll just grow up to be an ugly ___21___.” ‎ ‎“Not if you do as I did. You have to keep telling yourself that inside, where it matters, you’re really a swan.”‎ ‎“I’m a swan,” Trudy ___22___ her throat and took the medicine, heading for home.‎ Next morning Mum’s cold was much better. “If Mrs. Willow’s cold cure is a kind of ‎ ‎___23___, then her swan cure must work as well.” Trudy couldn’t wait to try it out.‎ In the school playground some children stood looking up into the chestnut tree. Lisa was in tears. ‎ ‎“What’s the matter?” asked Trudy. ‎ ‎“It’s my kite,” Lisa said, wiping her eyes. “Rob let go and it’s got ___24___ up the tree.” ‎ ‎“I’ll get it down for you,” Trudy said kindly. ‎ ‎“No, you’ll tear it!” Lisa looked ___25___. “It’s a special Chinese kite! I got it for my birthday.” ‎ For a moment Trudy felt like her old ___26___ self. But then she remembered what Mrs. Willow had said. It didn't matter how she looked outside. Inside, she was really a swan. ‎ She jumped up and grabbed the lowest ___27___ and began to climb. “Swans never rush,” she told herself. It took her ages, but she didn't rush. At last she managed to ___28___ the kite. But now she had to climb down again using only one hand. Very, very ___29___ she swung herself down to the ground. The kite was safe! ‎ ‎“Thanks, Trudy.” Lisa showed it to the others. “Look, it’s all right!” ‎ Trudy felt very, very proud and different. Smiling at everyone, she walked swan-like across the playground and into school, so tall and ___30___.‎ ‎11. A. except B. besides C. including D. behind ‎12. A. danced B. sang C. laughed D. jumped ‎13. A. took B. turned C. rolled D. tripped ‎14. A. drew B. drowned C. marked D. colored ‎15. A. success B. masterpiece C. failure D. disaster ‎16. A. gift B. textbook C. message D. letter ‎17. A. delicate B. ugly C. cheap D. messy ‎18. A. care B. leave C. concern D. cure ‎19. A. straight B. still C. by D. tall ‎20. A. around B. apart C. ahead D. away ‎21. A. dragon B. swan C. tiger D. duck ‎22. A. touched B. cleaned C. cleared D. wiped ‎23. A. imagination B. magic C. cheating D. creation ‎24. A. stuck B. crashed C. torn D. damped ‎25. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. frightened D. delighted ‎26. A. beautiful B. clumsy C. dishonest D. smart ‎27. A. root B. trunk C. branch D. leaf ‎28. A. fly B. design C. make D. free ‎29. A. carefully B. doubtfully C. confidently D. anxiously ‎30. A. eager B. elegant C. enthusiastic D. energetic ‎【答案】11. A 12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. A 18. D 19. B 20. A 21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. C 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了Trudy因自己毛手毛脚而被同学笑话，失去了自信，最终变成了帮助同学，因此找回自信的故事。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 考查介词词义辨析。句意：每个人都想上艺术课除了Trudy。A. except除了；B. besides此外；C. including包括；D. behind后面。通过下文Look out, here comes Trouble!可知，Trudy在艺术课上经常惹麻烦，所以不想上艺术课。故此题选A。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所有同学都笑了起来。A. danced跳舞；B. sang唱歌；C. laughed笑；D. jumped跳。通过上文Look out, here comes Trouble!可知，大家都认为Trudy是麻烦事，所有同学都笑了起来。故此题选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她多么希望自己能像Lisa那样，手脚纤细，从不绊倒任何东西！A. took拿；B. turned转动；C. rolled滚动；D. tripped绊倒。通过下文的knock over可知Trudy想像Lisa那样不要打翻任何东西。故此题选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：脏水打翻在桌子上，浸泡Lisa画的龙。A. drew绘画；B. drowned浸泡；C. marked标记；D. colored涂色。上文讲到脏水打翻了，所以画应该是被水浸泡了。故此题选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：每次Trudy进行艺术创作时，都是一场灾难。A. success成功；B. masterpiece著作；C. failure失败；D. disaster灾难。上文说到Trudy在画画时，打翻了水浸泡了同学的画可知，她在创作时会引起许多问题。是一场灾难。故此题选D。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她一到家，她妈妈让她给柳女士带句话。A. gift礼物；B. textbook教材；C. message信息；D. letter信件。通过下文两个人的对话可知，妈妈是让Trudy转告明天不能来的事情。故此题选C。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那儿站着一位老太太，高高的，优雅的，像她的房子里面满是精致的瓷器一样。A. delicate精美的；B. ugly丑陋的；C. cheap廉价的；D. messy混乱的。通过句子中的elegant可知，老太太非常优雅，家里的装潢和她的气质一般，所以是精致的瓷器。故此题选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她需要的是我特制的感冒药。A. care照顾；B. leave离开；C. concern担心；D. cure治疗。根据下文Mrs. Willow’s cold cure可知。柳夫人认为作者的妈妈需要的是她特制的感冒药。故此题选D。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Trudy两臂紧抱，一动不动，就像一尊雕像，不敢进去。A. straight直的；B. still一动不动的；C. by经过；D. tall高的。通过句子中的like a statue可知，她是像雕塑一样的，一动不动。故此题选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我知道在我身边的东西很容易被打破。A. around四周；B. apart分开；C. ahead向前；D. away离开。根据前文描写Trudy的身材描写可知，她身材太高大了，所以在她周围东西很容易打破。故此题选A。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我长大后会变成一只丑小鸭。A. dragon龙；B. swan天鹅；C. tiger老虎；D. duck鸭子。根据上文I used to be clumsy too, a real ugly little duck可知，Trudy也认为自己也是一只丑小鸭。故此题选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我是只天鹅，Trudy清了清嗓子，拿上药，准备回家。A. touched 触碰；B. cleaned清扫；C. cleared清除；D. wiped擦。这里是指清嗓，使用固定搭配clear ones throat。故此题选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果说柳太太的感冒药是一种魔法，那么她的天鹅药也一定管用。A. imagination想像；B. magic魔法；C. cheating欺骗；D. creation创造。根据上文Next morning Mum’s cold was much better.可知，妈妈的病好多了，所以Trudy认为这个药是有魔力的。故此题选B.‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：罗伯放开它，它就被卡在树上了。A. stuck卡住；B. crashed坠毁；C. torn撕毁；D. damped潮湿。跟据下文Trudy爬到树上取回风筝可知，风筝卡在树上了。故此题选A。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lisa看起来很害怕。A. satisfied满意的；B. disappointed失望的；C. frightened害怕的；D. delighted高兴的。根据上文you will tear it可知，Lisa怕风筝被撕坏了。故此题选C。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有一阵子，Trudy觉得自己像个笨手笨脚的老家伙。A. beautiful漂亮的；B. clumsy笨拙的；C. dishonest不诚实的； D. smart聪明的。根据上文I am the clumsiest person in our school可知Trudy认为自己是学校最笨拙的人。故此题选B。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她跳起来抓住最低的那根树枝然后开始爬。A. root树根；B. trunk 树干；C. branch树枝；D. leaf叶子。根据句子中grab可知，作者抓住的是树枝，树干是抓不住的。故此题选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最终她成功解救了那个风筝。A. fly飞；B. design设计；C. make制作；D. free释放。上文讲到风筝卡住了，所以这里是把风筝解救了出来。根据Thanks, Trudy.可知，最终她成功解救了那个风筝。故此题选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她非常非常小心地回到地面上。A. carefully仔细地；B. doubtfully怀疑地；C. confidently自信地；D. anxiously 焦虑地。这里是从树上回到地面，所以要万分小心。故此题选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考场形容词词义辨析。句意：她对每个人微笑着，像天鹅一样穿过操场走进学校，那么高，那么优雅。A. eager渴望的；B. elegant优雅的；C. enthusiastic充满激情的；D. energetic有能量的。根据 she walked swan-like 上文说到天鹅是优雅的，这里Trudy像一只天鹅，也很优雅。故此题选B。‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Many people want to travel around the world and enjoy new cultures, especially the different festivals. There are festivals going on somewhere in the world every day of the year. These range from very large events which involve whole cities to local celebrations in tiny villages or neighborhoods of towns or cities. We have selected a few of the more unusual, colorful festivals from around the world. You can choose anyone you like best!‎ The Million Ringgit Charity Duck Race: Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Thirteen years ago, Eric Schechter and his friends were brainstorming to find new ways of raising money for local charities when they came up with the idea of rubber duck races. The event, crazy as it may sound, involves racing "cool" rubber ducks down a local waterway and having members of the community "adopt" the ducks for a chance to win valuable donated prizes, possibly even $1 million bucks.‎ La Tomatina‎: Bunol, Spain ‎"The tomato battle is in honor of Saint Luis Beltran, the patron saint of Bunol. Residents and visitors take part in a tomato-throwing battle that decimates more than 88,000 pounds of tomatoes. This crazy event began with a serious aim as a symbolic protest against Franco. But the Tomatina is now celebrated as an amusing way to end the summer."‎ Mighty Mud Mania: Scottsdale, Arizona, USA ‎"Children's dreams really do come true in the City of Scottsdale. Children aged 1 to 13, get to participate in a mud race to end all mud races. During the running of the Mighty Mud Obstacle(‎ 泥坑) course, several mud pits strategically placed, provide wet and really dirty obstacles as kids compete for the fastest time in each heat. There are also mud puddle pools for the tiny tots, and a mini mud course for those six and younger. In addition, Mighty Mudway features water and mud games. There are also water slides, sandcastle buildings and fun for all ages. Moms and dads, remember to send your kids out with old clothes and shoes. And have no fear, Rural Metro Fire Department is on hand to offer plenty of water for the muddy children."‎ Canberra Sled Dog Classic: Canberra, Australian Capital Territory, Australia Dog sledding is one of the fastest growing sports on the east coast of Australia. As there's no snow (the trail is earth and sand and is smooth and wide with a few hills and turns), the sleds have wheels instead of runners, but the excitement is the same.‎ ‎31. Which of the following means the summer is over?‎ A. Mighty Mud Mania. ‎ B. ‎La Tomatina.‎ C. Canberra Sled Dog Classic. ‎ D. The Million Ringgit Charity Duck Race.‎ ‎32. What can you enjoy in all the four festivals mentioned?‎ A. Fantastic activities. B. Beautiful beaches.‎ C. Delicious food. D. Amazing sceneries.‎ ‎33. The main purpose of the passage is to _______.‎ A. share personal experiences ‎ B. compare cultures in different countries C. introduce favorable festivals ‎ D. offer practical tips on choosing activities ‎【答案】31. B 32. A 33. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界上精彩绝伦，又非比寻常的四个节日。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据La Tomatina: Bunol, Spain这一小标题下最后一句But the Tomatina is now celebrated as an amusing way to end the summer.（但是 Tomatina现在被当作一种结束夏天的有趣方式来庆祝。）可知，现在Tomatina 已经作为庆祝结束夏天结束的一种有趣方式了。这里的end the summer和题干中summer is over进行了替换。故此题选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章Eric Schechter and his friends were brainstorming to find new ways of raising money for local charities when they came up with the idea of rubber duck races. 可知，第一个节日有橡胶鸭子赛跑活动。根据文章The tomato battle is in honor of Saint Luis Beltran可知，第二个节日有番茄大战。根据文章During the running of the Mighty Mud Obstacle(泥坑) course可知，第三个节日有泥浆赛跑。根据文章Dog sledding is one of the fastest growing sports on the east coast of Australia.可知第四个节日有狗拉雪橇活动。所以四个节日的共同特点就是有精彩的活动。故此题选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第一自然段We have selected a few of the more unusual, colorful festivals from around the world. You can choose anyone you like best!（我们从世界各地挑选了一些更不寻常、更丰富多彩的节日。你可以选择你最喜欢的节日!）是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知作者写这篇文章的目的就是介绍一些精彩绝伦，又非比寻常的节日。故此题选C。‎ B More than half the young children and teenagers in China are nearsighted, according to a survey by top government agencies, which called for intensified efforts to prevent and control the condition.‎ The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten. Overall, 53.6 percent were nearsighted. The prevalence (流行程度) of a high degree of myopia also became alarming as the percentage of senior students in high school, who wear glasses stronger than six diopters, has mounted to 21.9 percent. Up to 80 percent of the country’s young adults suffer from nearsightedness, according to a report in the medical journal Lancet. In contrast, the overall rate of myopia in the UK is about 20-30 percent. If you walk the streets of China today, you’ll quickly notice that most young people wear glasses. In Shanghai, for instance, 86 percent of high school students suffer from myopia, or nearsightedness, according to Xinhua News Agency.‎ The growing prevalence of myopia is not only a Chinese problem, but it is an especially East Asian one. According to a study published in The Lancet medical journal in 2012, by Ian Morgan,‎ ‎ of the Australian National University, South Korea leads the pack, with 96 percent of young adults (below the age 20) having myopia; and the rate for Seoul is even higher. In Singapore, the figure is 82 percent. To say that Asia is having an eye problem is an understatement.‎ Several factors are associated with the high rate of nearsightedness in China's children and teenagers, including lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products. And some biologists compared Singaporeans living in Singapore to those living in Australia. They found that 29 percent of the Singaporean students had myopia compared with just 3 percent in Sydney. The main correlation was once again, time spent outside.‎ ‎“The big difference was the Chinese children in Australia were outdoors a lot more than their matched peers in Singapore,” says Ian Morgan, a retired biologist at Australian National University, who coauthored the 2008 study. “This was the only thing that fit with the huge difference in prevalence.”‎ ‎34. From paragraph 2, according to the survey we can know that ____________.‎ A. the rate of myopia in Shanghai is the highest B. the rate of myopia in the UK is higher than that in China C. the rate of junior middle school students who suffer from myopia is the highest D. the rate of senior middle school students who suffer from myopia is the highest ‎35. Which of the following is not the reason associated with the high rate of myopia in China?‎ A. Time of reading books. ‎ B. Lack of adequate sleep.‎ C. Lack of outdoor physical activity. ‎ D. Excessive use of electronics products.‎ ‎36. The author writes the passage to __________.‎ A. introduce some methods to protect our eyes B. tell us why so many people have an eye problem C. compare the myopia figures of different countries D. call on everyone to pay attention to the myopia among the young people ‎37. Where is the passage most probably from?‎ A. A literary essay. B. A historical novel.‎ C. A science report. D. A travel magazine.‎ ‎【答案】34. D 35. A 36. D 37. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如今东亚国家包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中的The survey, which was conducted last year, found that eight of 10 senior middle school students were nearsighted, compared with 71.6 percent in junior middle school, 36 percent in primary school and 14 percent of 6-year-olds in kindergarten.可知，去年进行的这项研究发现，10名高中生中有8人近视，而初中生近视率为71.6%，小学生近视率为36%，幼儿园6岁儿童近视率为14%。也就是说高中生的近视率是最高的。故选D项。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中的Several factors are associated with the high rate of nearsightedness in China's children and teenagers, including lack of outdoor physical activity, lack of adequate sleep due to heavy work and excessive use of electronics products.可知，有若干个因素与中国儿童和青少年近视率高有关，包括缺乏户外体育活动、课余作业繁重导致睡眠不足，以及过度使用电子产品。A项（读书的时间）在原文中并没有被提到。故选A项。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第二段通过列举数据表明中国学生的近视现象非常严重，第三段作者提出近视患病率的不断上升不仅是中国一个国家的问题，而是困扰整个东亚的问题。第四段作者解释了近视的原因，可以看出全文都围绕着年轻人近视率高这一点来写的，作者写这篇文章的目的就是为了让人们看到这个问题的严重性，呼吁人们注意年轻人中的近视现象。故选D项。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了如今东亚包括中国的年轻人近视率高这一现象并解释了近视的原因，还引用了生物学家伊恩·摩根的话。由此可知，本文最有可能出自一篇科学报告。故选C项。‎ C A young man was getting ready to graduate from college. For many months he had admired a beautiful sports car in a dealer’s showroom, and knowing his father could well afford it, he told him that was all he wanted.‎ As Graduation Day approached, the young man awaited signs that his father had purchased the car. Finally, on the morning of his graduation, his father called him into his private study. His father told him how proud he was to have such a fine son, and told him how much he loved him. He handed his son a beautiful wrapped gift box. Curious, but somewhat frustrated, the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound Bible, with the young man’s name embossed in gold. Angrily, he raised his voice to his father and said, “With all your money you give me a Bible?” He then stormed out of the house, leaving the Bible.‎ Many years passed and the young man was very successful in business. He had a beautiful home and a wonderful family, but realizing his father was very old, he thought perhaps he should go to see him. He had not seen him since that graduation day. Before he could make the arrangements, he received a telegram telling him his father had passed away, and willed all of his possessions to his son. He needed to come home immediately and take care of things.‎ When he arrived at his father’s house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart. He began to search through his father’s important papers and saw the still new Bible, just as he had left it years ago. With tears, he opened the Bible and began to turn the pages. As he was reading, a car key dropped from the back of the Bible. It had a tag with the dealer’s name, the same dealer who had the sports car he had desired. On the tag was the date of his graduation, and the words… “PAID IN FULL”.‎ How many times do we miss blessings because they are not packaged as we expected? Do not spoil what you have by desiring what you have not; but remember that what you now have was once among the things you only hoped for.‎ Sometimes we don’t realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect “the packaging” to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.‎ ‎38. What’s the best title for this passage?‎ A. A Kind Father. ‎ B. A Key of a Car.‎ C. A leather-bound Bible. ‎ D. An Unforgettable Graduation Ceremony.‎ ‎39. What does the underlined word “frustrated” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. Disappointed. B. Unconcerned. C. Puzzled. D. Bored.‎ ‎40. What does the last paragraph want to tell us?‎ A. There is no fence for ill fortune.‎ B. Good fortune favors the brave and courageous.‎ C. We must not look only at the surface of things.‎ D. A strong man will struggle with the storms of fate.‎ ‎41. From the passage, we can learn that _________.‎ A. the young man accepted the gift at first B. the young man regretted what he’d done to his father C. the young man accompanied his father for a long time D. the young man was successful in business with the help of his father ‎【答案】38. B 39. A 40. C 41. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个年轻人想要一辆漂亮的跑车，他知道他的父亲完全有能力买得起，就告诉他这就是他想要的。结果在毕业典礼的那天早上，他却收到了一本《圣经》，年轻人非常生气，再也没有看过父亲。直到后来父亲去世，年轻人又看到了那本《圣经》，翻动时，一把汽车钥匙从《圣经》的背面掉了下来，正是他梦寐以求的那辆车。故事告诉我们不能只看事物的表面。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章主要记叙了一个年轻人想要一辆漂亮的跑车，他知道他的父亲完全有能力买得起，就告诉他这就是他想要的。结果在毕业典礼的那天早上，他却收到了一本《圣经》，年轻人非常生气，再也没有看过父亲。直到后来父亲去世，年轻人又看到了那本《圣经》，翻动时，一把汽车钥匙从《圣经》的背面掉了下来，正是他梦寐以求的那辆车。故事告诉我们不能只看事物的表面。可知由此可知，B选项“汽车钥匙”最符合文章标题，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文the young man opened the box and found a lovely, leather-bound ‎ Bible, with the young man’s name embossed in gold.可知出于好奇，但也有些失望，年轻人打开盒子，发现里面是一本精美的，皮面的《圣经》，上面用金色浮雕着年轻人的名字。由此可知，划线单词“frustrated”意思为“失望的”。A. Disappointed.失望的；B. Unconcerned.不关心的；C. Puzzled.困惑的；D. Bored.无聊的。故选A。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Sometimes we don’t realize the good fortune we have or we could have because we expect “the packaging” to be different. What may appear as bad fortune may in fact be the door that is just waiting to be opened.可知有时候，我们并没有意识到自己拥有或本可以拥有的好运，只是因为它的“包装”与我们想象的不同。看起来像是坏运气的东西，实际上可能就是等待被打开的那扇门。由此可推知，最后一段想告诉我们不能只看事物的表面。故选C。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中When he arrived at his father’s house, sudden sadness and regret filled his heart.可知当他到达他父亲的房子时，突然，悲伤和后悔充满了他的心。以及结合故事情节，这位年轻人以为父亲没有给他买他心仪的跑车，还因此再没有去看望过父亲。父亲去世后，得知原来父亲早就给他买下了跑车，钥匙就夹在那本不起眼的圣经里。由此可推知，那个年轻人后悔他对父亲所做的事情。故选B。‎ D Shortage of Primary Care Threatens Health Care System Increasing health care bills, long emergency-room waits and the inability to find a primary care physician just scratch the surface of the problems that patients face daily.‎ Primary care should be the support of any health care system Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.‎ A recent study analyzed the providers who treat Medicare beneficiaries. The surprising finding was that the average Medicate patient saw a total of seven doctors - two primary care physicians and five specialists - in a given year.‎ Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you doesn't guarantee better care. Actually, increasing fragmentation of care results in a corresponding rise in cost and medical errors.‎ How did we take little care of primary care? The key is how doctors are paid. Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he's reimbursed. Moreover, the amount a physician receives leans heavily toward medical or surgical procedures.‎ A specialist who performs a procedure in a 30-minute visit can be paid three times more than a primary care physician using that same 30 minutes to discuss a patient's disease. Combine this fact with annual government threats to randomly cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.‎ Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.‎ Medical students aren't blind to this action. They know how heavily the reimbursement is against primary care. The recent numbers show that since 1997, newly graduated U.S. medical students who choose primary care as a career have declined by 50%. This trend results in emergency rooms being overwhelmed with patients without regular doctors.‎ How do we fix this problem?‎ It starts with reforming the physician reimbursement system. Remove the pressure for primary care physicians to squeeze in more patients per hour, and reward them for optimally managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine. Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.‎ We’re at a point where primary care is needed more than ever. Within a few years, the first wave of the 76 million Baby Boomers will become eligible for Medicare. Patients older than 85, who need chronic care most, will rise by 50% this decade.‎ Who will be there to treat them?‎ ‎42. The author’s chief concern about the current U.S. health care system is _________.‎ A. the ever-rising health care costs B. the declining number of doctors C. the inadequate training of physicians D. the shrinking primary care resources ‎43. We learn from the passage that people tend to believe that _________.‎ A. the more doctors taking care of a patient, the better B. visiting doctors on a regular basis ensures good health C. seeing more doctors may result in more diagnostic errors D. the more costly the medicine, the more effective the cure.‎ ‎44. Faced with the government threats to cut reimbursements randomly, primary care physicians have to __________.‎ A. make various deals with specialists ‎ B. improve their expertise and service C. see more patients at the expense of quality ‎ D. increase their income by working overtime ‎45. What suggestion does the author give in order to provide better health care?‎ A. Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.‎ B. Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.‎ C. Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as their major.‎ D. Bridge the salary gap between specialists and primary care physicians.‎ ‎【答案】42. D 43. A 44. C 45. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今美国医疗保健系统的主要问题是基层医疗资源的萎缩，文章分析了这一现象背后的原因以及对此提出了建议。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段Primary care should be the support of any health care system. Countries with appropriate primary care resources score highly when it comes to health outcomes and cost. The U.S. takes the opposite approach by emphasizing the specialist rather than the primary care physician.可知基层医疗应是任何医疗系统的支持。拥有适当基层医疗资源的国家在卫生结果和费用方面得分很高。美国则采取了相反的做法，强调专科医生而不是基层医疗医生。由此可推知，作者对当前美国医疗保健系统的主要担忧是基层医疗资源的萎缩。故选D。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段中Contrary to popular belief, the more physicians taking care of you doesn't guarantee better care.可知与普遍的看法相反，照顾你的医生越多，并不能保证更好的护理。由此可知，人们倾向于认为医生照顾病人越多越好。故选A。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段中Most physicians are paid whenever they perform a medical service. The more a physician does, regardless of quality or outcome, the better he's reimbursed.可知大多数医生在提供医疗服务时都能得到报酬。医生做得越多，不管质量或结果如何，他得到的补偿就越好。结合第六段中Combine this fact with annual government threats to randomly cut reimbursements, physicians are faced with no choice but to increase quantity to boost income.可知再加上政府每年都会威胁要随意削减报销，医生们别无选择，只能通过增加数量来增加收入。以及第七段Primary care physicians who refuse to compromise quality are either driven out of business or to cash-only practices, further contributing to the decline of primary care.可知拒绝降低质量的初级保健医生要么被逐出业务，要么只能从事现金业务，这进一步导致了初级保健的下降。由此可知，面对政府随机削减报销的威胁，基层医疗医生不得不以牺牲质量为代价看更多的病人。故选C。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中Make primary care more attractive to medical students by forgiving student loans for those who choose primary care as a career and reconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary care physician salaries.可知通过免除选择基层医疗作为职业的学生的助学贷款，调和专科医生和基层医疗医生工资的显著差异，提高基层医疗对医科学生的吸引力。由此可知，为了提供更好的卫生保健，作者的建议是缩小专科医生和基层医疗医生之间的工资差距。故选D。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Find Time to Read?‎ That everyone’s too busy these days is ordinary. But one specific complaint is made especially sadly：____46____ ‎ What makes the problem worse is that the usual time-management techniques don’t seem efficient. The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times”____47____Sit down to read and the work-related thoughts keeps going on and on or else you’re so exhausted that a challenging book’s the last thing you need. The modern mind, Tim Parks, a novelist and critic, writes, “Most people tend to communicate…It is ‎ not simply that one is interrupted; it is that one actually tends to interrupt”. Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.‎ ‎____48____Thinking of time as a resource to be maximized means you approach it on purpose, making any given moment as well spent only in so far as it advances progress toward some goal immersive reading, by contrast, depends on being willing to risk inefficiency, goallessness, even time-wasting. Try to slot it as a to-do list item and you’ll manage only goal-focused reading-useful, sometimes, but not the most fulfilling kind. “The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,” writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and “we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles(days, hours, minutes)as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them”.____49____‎ So what does work？Perhaps surprisingly, scheduling regular times for reading. You’d think this might fuel the efficiency mind-set, but in fact, Eberle notes, such usual behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time”.___50___ ‎ ‎“Carry a book with you at all times” can actually work, too-providing you dip in often enough, so that reading becomes the default state from which you temporarily surface to take care of business, before dropping back down. On a really good day, it no longer feels as if you’re “making time to read,” but just reading, and making time for everything else.‎ A. How do we make reading easy?‎ B. There’s never any time to read.‎ C. In fact, “becoming more efficient” is part of the problem.‎ D. No mind-set could be worse for losing yourself in a book.‎ E. Most people don't pay more attention to physical book reading.‎ F. You could limit distractions by reading only physical books, or on single-purpose e-readers.‎ G. But in my experience, using such methods to free up the odd 30 minutes doesn’t work.‎ ‎【答案】46. B 47. G 48. C 49. D 50. F ‎【解析】‎ 本文为一篇说明文。介绍了如何在日常生活中挤出时间阅读。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 空格前一句说到忙碌对于我们每一个人实在是太普遍了。文章的题目又是需要找时间阅读。所以空格处应该是我们经常抱怨我们没时间进行阅读。故此题选B。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 空格前一句The web’s full of articles offering tips on making time to read: “Give up TV” or “Carry a book with you at all times”说到网站给我们提供了很多措施来节约时间进行阅读。空格后又说道带着工作思绪阅读让人太劳累了，可知作者认为网站的建议不对，所以横线处存在转折关系。故此题选G。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 空格前一句Deep reading requires not just time, but a special kind of time which can’t be obtained merely by becoming more efficient.深度阅读不仅需要时间，而且需要一种特殊的时间，这种时间不能仅仅通过提高效率来获得。所以这里说明提高效率无用，但是并未阐述为什么无用，所以空格处应该是继续讲提高效率是无用的。故此题选C。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 空格前文“The future comes at us like empty bottles along an unstoppable and nearly infinite conveyor belt,”writes Gary Eberle in his book Sacred Time, and“we feel a pressure to fill these different-sized bottles (days, hours, minutes）as they pass, for if they get by without being filled, we will have wasted them”. 加里·埃伯勒在他的《神圣的时光》一书中写道：“未来像空瓶子一样，沿着一条不可阻挡的、几乎无限的传送带向我们袭来，当这些不同大小的瓶子（天、小时、分钟）过去时，我们感到要装满它们的压力，因为如果它们不被填满就过去了，我们就会浪费它们。”引用这句话作者想要表明专注于阅读也是会让人不满意的，而D选项所表达的意义与这个一致。故此题选D。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 空格前一处but in fact, Eberle notes, such usual behaviour helps us “step outside time’s flow” into “soul time”.指出我们在阅读的时候经常会走神。所以下句应该是对走神的解决措施。F选项中limit distractions正好表达了这个含义。故此题选F。‎ 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，35分）‎ 第一节（15分）‎ ‎51.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。母亲节要来了, 你的美国好友Jim想知道你准备如何庆祝母亲节，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1.庆祝方法；‎ ‎2.询问Jim如何庆祝母亲节。‎ 注意：1．词数不少于50；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear Jim,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Jim,‎ How is everything going? I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked me how I will spend Mother’s Day. Now I’m writing to tell you about my plan. ‎ I am planning to give my mom a big surprise on that day. I bought a cook book last week so that I can learn how to cook the dishes my mom loves. I have been working on it for a couple of days and I hope when the day comes, I am well prepared!‎ I am very nervous because this will be the first time I cook for my mom. What do you think of the plan and what surprise are you going to present to your mom? ‎ Write to me soon! I am looking forward to your reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。母亲节要来了, 你的美国好友Jim想知道你准备如何庆祝母亲节，请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.庆祝方法；2.询问Jim如何庆祝母亲节。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：Mother’s Day(母亲节)；a big surprise (一个大惊喜)；so that(以便)；the first time (第一次)；think of (考虑)等。‎ 第3‎ 步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时、现在进行时、一般将来时、一般过去时和现在完成进行时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如I’m glad to receive your e-mail in which you asked me how I will spend Mother’s Day.运用了定语从句；I bought a cook book last week so that I can learn how to cook the dishes my mom loves.运用了目的状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节 （20分）‎ ‎52.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了表达对抗疫英雄的敬意，你们年级组织了“网络同唱一首歌”活动。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文稿件，记述这一过程。‎ 注意：词数不少于60。‎ ‎【答案】Last month, we took part in an activity organized by our grade to sing the same song on the Internet to show our respect to the heroes who fought with COVID-19, which proved to be a meaningful and memorable experience.‎ On Monday, our teacher informed us of the news that we would sing the same song online “Let the world full of love”, which should be sent to Mrs. Wang before February 26th. Hearing that, I became very excited because I wanted to express my admiration to the heroes fighting with the disease. Although it was a challenging task, we regarded it as a precious opportunity to show our respect to the heroes. ‎ The next few days, I searched the song on the Internet and found how to sing it well. Having learnt the melody and the lyrics, I began to record it. So difficult was it to record it that I tried many times and eventually I made it and uploaded it in time to Mrs. Wang. ‎ Hardly had Mrs. Wang collected all the songs when she began to combine them into one and ‎ sent it on the internet. As we heard the song sung by all the students in our grade I was deeply moved, thinking of the touching moments when different people contributed their strength to helping each other. ‎ I posted the activity on the WeChat Moments and it was not long before that I received many praises and likes. I felt that we were living in the same world which was full of love. With the joint efforts, we could conquer all the challenges and make our world better.‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇图画类作文。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。为了表达对抗疫英雄的敬意，你们年级组织了“网络同唱一首歌”活动。请你根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文稿件，记述这一过程。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：take part in(参加)；on the Internet (在网上)；fight with (与……战斗)；meaningful and memorable (有意义和难忘的)；inform of (通知)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般过去时和过去完成时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Although it was a challenging task, we regarded it as a precious opportunity to show our respect to the heroes.运用了让步状语从句；Hardly had Mrs. Wang collected all the songs when she began to combine them into one and sent it on the internet.运用了倒装句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎