陕西省渭南市2020届高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）英语试卷 Word版含解析

陕西省渭南市2020届高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）英语试卷 Word版含解析

渭南市2020年高三教学质量检测（Ⅱ）‎ 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1.本试卷由选择题和非选择题两大部分组成，共16页。选择题包括第一、第二和第三部分第一节；非选择题为第三部分第二节和第四部分。全卷满分150分。考试用时120分钟。‎ ‎2.考生领到试卷后，须按规定在试卷上填写姓名、准考证号，并在答题卡上填涂对应的试卷类型信息点。‎ ‎3.所有答案必须在答题卡指定区域内作答。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共100分）‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ A. £19.15 B. £9.18 C. £9.15‎ 答案是C.‎ ‎1. Where are the speakers now?‎ A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket.‎ ‎2. At what time will the woman see the film?‎ A. 7:00. B. 9:00. C. 11:00.‎ ‎3. Why are the speakers leaving soon?‎ A. The airport is far away.‎ B. There may be a lot of traffic.‎ C. The plane is landing ahead of schedule.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎4. How does the man feel about the test?‎ A. Disappointed. B. Confident. C. Worried.‎ ‎5. What does the man mean?‎ A. They needn’t hurry.‎ B. They should be quick.‎ C. They may miss the train.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What does Jane think of the price of the notebook computer?‎ A. Low. B. Reasonable. C. High.‎ ‎7. What advice does Jane offer about the notebook computer?‎ A. Add a light. B. Make it smaller. C. Change its weight.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What’s the woman going to do?‎ A. Book a flight. B. Take a vacation. C. Clean her office.‎ ‎9. Why should the man arrive at the office early on Wednesday?‎ A. To check some e-mails.‎ B. To answer the woman’s call.‎ C. To let cleaners in.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers?‎ A. Classmates. B. Workmates. C. Driver and passengers.‎ ‎11. What does the man say about the environment in the city?‎ A. It will become worse.‎ B. It can be better in the future.‎ C. It has been improved recently.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎12. What do the speakers agree on to deal with the traffic problem?‎ A. Taking buses. B. Using clean energy. C. Working at home.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. How did the man make preparations for his paper?‎ A. By turning to the Internet.‎ B. By reading some experts’ papers.‎ C. By asking his professor questions.‎ ‎14. What does Richard Tunney suggest people do?‎ A. Help elderly people.‎ B. Stay in touch with friends.‎ C. Take part in fun activities.‎ ‎15. What do we know about Dr Martin?‎ A. He works at Nottingham University.‎ B. He has spent 60 years studying people.‎ C. He once made an experiment on happiness.‎ ‎16. What does George Smith ask people’s to do?‎ A. Set proper goals.‎ B. Play less computer games.‎ C. Make other people feel happy.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Where is the speaker now?‎ A. In Room 27.‎ B. In the lecture room.‎ C. In the main hall.‎ ‎18. Who will conduct the activity “Dogs might fly”?‎ A. Professor Black. B. Patrick Bell. C. Dr. Smith.‎ ‎19. What’s the video show about?‎ A. How plants and animals live together.‎ B. How plants communicate with each other.‎ C. How plants get used to their natural environment.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎20. What will the listeners do in the final activity?‎ A. Explore the school garden.‎ B. Take a walk in the local garden.‎ C. Watch local animals in the zoo.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Name： Off the Beaten Path Cover price： $30.00‎ Our price： $19.80‎ The best-selling Reader's Digest travel book has 40% new content including over 200 new sites， over 200 new full-color photographs， and all-new， up-to-date maps. It focuses on more than 1,000 of the United State’s most overlooked must-see destinations.‎ Name： Container Gardens by Number Cover price： $15.95‎ Our price： $9.49‎ A unique book contains 50 easy-to-follow container designs. Each design provides a simple numbered planting plan that shows exactly how to create each display， with an instruction of the finished planter and in-depth plant information， The plans are easy to follow and for any type of living space or garden.‎ Name： Best Weekend Projects Cover price： $17.95‎ Our price： $13.96‎ Choose from 80 unique ideas to create an extraordinary living space. The projects are practical， as well as attractive， and will improve your home and yard and can be made in a weekend. These 80 well-designed projects are presented in a clear， easy-to follow style that addresses readers in an accessible， user-friendly tone.‎ Name：1801 Home remedies(治疗方案)‎ - 25 -‎ Cover price： $40.00‎ Our price： $29.96‎ Plenty of health complaints can be handled at home. Each and every remedy will be tested by a doctor to make sure it is safe and sound. Dozens of conditions are covered， from headaches， sunburn bad breath and blisters(起泡；起疮) to allergies， and hiccups(打嗝).‎ ‎1. You can most probably read the passage in a A. travel guide B. medicine booklet C. textbook D. newspaper ‎2. How much money could you save if you want to buy a travel book A. $10.20. B. $6.46.‎ C. $13.96. D. $19.80.‎ ‎3. Which of the following could help you to deal with common diseases without a doctor?‎ A. Off the Beaten path.‎ B. Container gardens by Number.‎ C. 1801 Home remedies.‎ D. Best Weekend Projects.‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了几本书，包括书的价格和内容等。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 推理判断题。Cover price指售价，Our price是我们的价格，由这两项看出是在宣传价格优势，吸引人购买。是在打广告。由此判断出，可以在报纸上读到这篇短文。A. travel guide 旅游指南；B. medicine booklet药品手册；C. textbook课本；D. newspaper报纸。故选D。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。由第一部分Cover price：$30.00 Our price：$19.80可知售价是30美元，我们的价格是19.8美元。30-19.8=10.2，所以如果想买旅行书可以节省10.2。故选A。‎ ‎3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据1801Home Remedies部分的内容Plenty of health complaints can be handled at home.可知在1801Home Remedies中，大量的健康问题在家就可以处理。所以1801Home Remedies可以帮你在没有医生的情况下，处理一些常见的疾病。选C。‎ - 25 -‎ B When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. The way to achieve this may not be simple. It is very difficult for a nation to give help directly to people in another nation. The United Nations Organization (UNO) could undertake to direct the distribution of aid. Here however rises the problem of costs. Also tied with this is time. Perhaps the UNO could set up a body of devoted men and women in every country who can speedily distribute aid to victims of floods and earthquakes.‎ More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. A common proverb says, "Give me a fish and I eat for a day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.” If we follow this wise saying, it would be right to teach people from less developed nations to take care of themselves. For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. It does not cost much to share such simple things. Exchange students could be attached for a number of months or years and learn the required craft while on the site. They can then take their knowledge back to their homelands and if necessary come back from time to time to clear doubts or to update themselves. Such aid will be truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands.‎ Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. It will not cost much to include deserving foreigners in these courses. Besides giving effective help to the countries concerned there is also the build-up of friendships to consider. Giving direct help by giving materials may be effective in the short run and must continue to be given in the event of emergencies. However, in the long run what is really effective would be the sharing of knowledge.‎ ‎4. The second paragraph is developed mainly_____________.‎ A. by analysis. B. by process.‎ C. by example. D. by contrast.‎ ‎5. Which aid is likely to fall into the wrong hands?‎ A. A medical team. B. Financial support.‎ - 25 -‎ C. A water plant. D. An exchange program.‎ ‎6. What does the author try to express in the underlined sentence?‎ A. Providing food is vital. B. Leaning to fish is helpful.‎ C. Looking after others is important. D. Teaching techniques is vital.‎ ‎7. What can we infer about international aid from the passage?‎ A. It is facing difficulties B. It should be given in the form of materials.‎ C. It has gained support by developed countries D. It is unnecessary during normal times.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述灾难在全球是不可避免的，国际援助要落到实处，要有着实高效的措施。作者还认为高效的援助不在于物质，而是平日里技术知识的共享——打造坚强友谊，互派国际交换生。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 推理判断题。 根据第二段For example, a country could share its technology with another. This could be in simple areas like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites. Even a small country is able to help less developed nations. Sometimes what is taken for granted, like the setting up of a water purification plant or the administration of a school, could be useful for countries which are looking about to solve common problems. 例如，一个国家可以与另一个国家分享其技术。这可能是在简单的领域，如农业，或在更复杂的领域，如医疗和卫生保健，甚至在制造卫星。即使是一个小国也能帮助欠发达国家。有时，一些被认为是理所当然的事情，例如建立一个水净化厂或管理一所学校，可能对寻求解决共同问题的国家有用。本段的中心：加强平日技术知识交流。段中的多次使用for example，like等词语。所以主要使用例证法来展开论述，故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第二段首句More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. 比起一个国家在灾难中给予另一个国家的帮助，在正常时期给予其他形式的帮助会更有效。和段尾句Such aid will be ‎ - 25 -‎ truly helpful and there is no chance of it being temporary or of it falling into the wrong hands. 这种援助是真正有用的，不可能是暂时的，也不可能落入坏人之手。这里说的是技术知识交流不可能落入坏人之手，而一般救援灾区的主要是各地的捐款和物质，如果落入坏人之手，那可能造成救援钱物被贪污或挪作他用。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。“Give me a fish and I eat for day, teach me to fish and I eat for a lifetime.”相当于汉语谚语“授人以鱼不如授人以渔。”，强调的是“渔”（技术）。后文举例可以得到印证：“For example, a country could share its technology with another.”（一个国家可以与另一国共享技术资源）“…like agriculture or in more complex areas like medical and health care or even in building satellites.”（比如农业，或像医疗卫生保健甚至卫星的制造等复杂领域。）等。由此可以推断作者用划线句子是想表达技术的重要性，故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章首段首句提出问题：When international aid is given, steps must be taken to ensure that the aid reaches the people for whom it is intended. 在提供国际援助时，必须采取步骤，以确保援助能够到达援助对象的手中。第二段首句More than the help that one nation can give to another during a disaster, it would be more effective to give other forms of help during normal times. 比起一个国家在灾难中给予另一个国家的帮助，在正常时期给予其他形式的帮助会更有效。以及第三段首句Many countries run extensive courses in all sorts of skills. 许多国家开设了各种技能的广泛课程。第二段和第三段分别阐述解决international aid的有效办法，由此可以推断国际援助正面临着困难，故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】推理判断题的推断对象主要包括隐含意思、目标读者、观点态度、文章出处、写作意图等。以推断隐含意义的题目居多。推断隐含意义，即要求根据文章的某个句子、段落或全文所提供的事实进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到、没有明说或者可能发生的事实。题干中常含infer（推断），suggest（暗示），imply（暗示），indicate（暗示），conclude（推断，得出结论）等词语。解此类题，首先找到相关信息，然后细读、理解相关信息的字面意义，最后结合语境和常识，在字面意义的基础上进行符合逻辑的推断，从而理解作者的言外之意。如小题4，第一段提出问题，第二段和第三段分别阐述解决international aid的有效办法，由此可以推断国际援助正面临着困难，故选A。‎ C The driver, Zhang Sal, wandered outside an apartment building in Wuhan, the central Chinese - 25 -‎ ‎ city at the heart of the Coronavirus(冠状病毒) outbreak. He had been ordered not to take food to customers’ doors in order to minimize the risk of infection. But the woman on the phone was pleading, he recalled. The food was for her mother, who couldn't go down to meet him.‎ Mr. Zhang relented. He would drop off the order and sprint away, As he placed the bag on the floor, Mr. Zhang said, the door opened. Startled, he rushed away. Without thinking, he said, he jabbed the elevator button with his finger, touching a surface he feared could transmit the virus.‎ That was how Mr. Zhang, 32, found himself speeding back to his delivery station with one finger held high in the air, careful not to touch the rest of his hand-a quarantine in miniature. (小型隔离现场)‎ For many in China, delivery drivers like Mr. Zhang are the only connection to the outside world. Once a common but invisible presence on the streets of nearly every Chinese city, the drivers are now being praised as heroes.‎ Throughout China, at least 760 million people-almost a tenth of the world’s population-face some form of household lockdown. The rules are particularly strict in Wuhan, where government efforts to contain the virus have blocked most of the 11 million residents in their homes.‎ Each household can send someone out for necessities just once every three days. Many residents do not go outside at all, for fear of infection of the more than 2, 100 deaths and nearly 75,000 infections linked to the new virus, the majority have been in Wuhan.‎ But people still have to eat, which is why Mr. Zhang and many delivery drivers find themselves on the street each day As Wuhan and the rest of China stay at home, they have become the country’s vital arteries, keeping fresh meat, vegetables and other supplies flowing to those who need them.‎ It is grueling and dangerous work. Mr. Zhang, who works for Hema, a supermarket chain owned by the tech giant Alibaba, crisscrosses the city armed only with the face masks and hand sanitizer that his company supplies each morning.‎ The epidemic (疫情) has brought some unexpected bright spots. Before, Mr. Zhang said, he sometimes ran red lights during rush hour in order to meet his delivery goals for the day. Now, the streets are empty. He has no problem getting around.‎ People are nicer, too. Some customers hardly opened the door or avoided eye contact. After the outbreak erupted, everyone said thank you.‎ ‎8. Why did Zhang Sai wander outside an apartment building in Wuhan? Because______________.‎ A. He was unwilling to take food to customers ‘doors.‎ - 25 -‎ B. He was afraid of being infected by the Coronavirus outbreak.‎ C. The woman on the phone forbade him to to take food to her door.‎ D. He was forbidden to take food to customers’ doors.‎ ‎9. Which of the following can describe the work of delivery drivers after the outbreak of the epidemic?‎ A. Risky and important. B. Necessary and light-hearted.‎ C. Easy and creative. D. Valuable and hard-working.‎ ‎10. What does the underlined part “bright spots” mean in the ninth paragraph?‎ A. Marks on something. B. Bright places.‎ C. Difficult situations. D. Good things in a bad situation.‎ ‎11. Why did people become nicer and say thank you to delivery drivers after the outbreak erupted?‎ A. Because people need them to deliver necessities.‎ B. Because people have realized the value of their job.‎ C. Because of the outbreak of the epidemic.‎ D. Because of the danger of infection.‎ ‎【答案】8. D 9. A 10. D 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述在疫情爆发期间，骑手们给被困家中人们配送物资，成为与外界的唯一联系，他们的工作也得到人们的认可，变得更重要和更有价值。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章第一段The driver, Zhang Sal, wandered outside an apartment building in Wuhan, the central Chinese city at the heart of the Coronavirus(冠状病毒) outbreak. He had been ordered not to take food to customers’ doors in order to minimize the risk of infection. 骑手张赛在位于冠状病毒疫情中心的中国中部城市武汉的一幢公寓楼外踌躇。为了减少感染的风险，他得到的命令是不得将食物送到顾客的家门口。由此可知禁止他把食物送到顾客的家门口，故选D。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 推理判断题。文章第四段第一句For many in China, delivery drivers like Mr. Zhang are the only connection to the outside world. 对于许多中国人来说，像张赛这样的送货骑手是他们与外界唯一的联系。第七段they have become the country’s vital arteries, keeping fresh meat, vegetables and ‎ - 25 -‎ other supplies flowing to those who need them. 他们已经变成了这个国家的重要动脉，让新鲜的肉、蔬菜和其他物资流向需要的人。第八段It is grueling and dangerous work. 这是艰巨而危险的工作。由此可以推断出疫情爆发后，骑手的工作是危险的，也是重要的，故选A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。第九段Before, Mr. Zhang said, he sometimes ran red lights during rush hour in order to meet his delivery goals for the day. Now, the streets are empty. He has no problem getting around. 张赛说，以前，他有时为了完成当天的递送任务在高峰时段闯红灯。现在，街道空无一人。他去哪都很顺畅。再根据The epidemic (疫情) has brought some unexpected bright spots.疫情带来了一些意想不到的亮点，由此推断就是在坏的情况下也有好的事情发生，故选D ‎【11题详解】‎ 细节理解题。文章第七段But people still have to eat, which is why Mr. Zhang and many delivery drivers find themselves on the street each day As Wuhan and the rest of China stay at home, they have become the country’s vital arteries, keeping fresh meat, vegetables and other supplies flowing to those who need them. 但是人们还是得吃饭——这就是为什么张赛和大批送货骑手每天都在街上忙碌的原因。随着武汉和中国其他地区的人们困守家中，他们已经变成了这个国家的重要动脉，让新鲜的肉、蔬菜和其他物资流向需要的人。他们解决了被困家中人们的必需品的配送，人们意识到骑手工作的价值，所以人们感谢他们，故选B。‎ D Clothing rental is a hot new industry and retailers (零售商) are demanding to get on board in hopes of attracting green shopper But is renting fashion actually more environmentally-friendly than buying it, and if so, how much more? Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.‎ Take shipping, for example, which has to go two ways if an item is rented — receiving and returning. Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.‎ She writes, ''An item ordered online and then returned can send out 20 kilograms of carbon each way, and increases up to 50 kilograms for rush shipping. By comparison, the carbon impact of a pair of jeans purchased from a physical store and washed and worn at home is 33.4 kilograms, according to a 2015 study by Levi's.''‎ - 25 -‎ Then there's the burden of washing, which has to happen for every item when it's returned, regardless of whether or not it was worn. For most rental services, this usually means dry cleaning, a high impact and polluting process. All the rental services that Cline looked into have replaced perchloroethylene (氯乙烯), a carcinogenic (致癌的) air pollutant, still used by 70 percent of US dry cleaners, with alternatives, although these aren't great either.‎ Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it's so easily accessible. There's something called ''share washing'' that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, advertised as ''a way to share rides and limit ear ownership.'' and yet ''it has been proven to discourage walking,bicycling, and public transportation use.''‎ Renting clothes is still preferable to buying them cheap and throwing them in the dustbin after a few wears, but we shouldn't let the availability of these services make us too satisfied. There's an even better step — that's wearing what is already in the closet.‎ ‎12. What is Elizabeth Cline's attitude toward clothing rental?‎ A. Approving. B. Unfavorable.‎ C. Objective. D. Enthusiastic.‎ ‎13. The Uber example in Paragraph 6 indicates that .‎ A. rental services are on the rise B. clothing rental will be as successful as Uber C. renting clothes might waste more than expected D. renting clothes might make people lose interest in fast fashion ‎14. The author suggests that we should .‎ A. give up renting any clothing B. purchase inexpensive clothes C. rent clothes rather than buy them D. make full use of clothes we've possessed ‎15. What is the passage mainly about?‎ A. Clothing rental is a new fashion.‎ B. Clothing rental is retailers' preference.‎ C. Renting clothes is not that eco-friendly.‎ - 25 -‎ D. Renting-clothes business is in a dilemma.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。服装租赁业是一种新型的流行的产业，并通过克莱因的调查说明了服装租赁业存在的一些缺点，比如相比于直接购买衣服，租衣服在运输方面消耗了更多的碳能源；干洗租赁的衣服会给空气造成污染；还会导致人们急于追求快速时尚，而随意浪费。最后作者提出最好的方法是要穿已经在衣柜里的衣服。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第二段的Journalist and author Elizabeth Cline investigated (调查) this question and concluded that it's not as sustainable as it seems.(记者兼作者Elizabeth Cline调查了这个问题，她总结服装租赁似乎没有看起来那么可持续)可推测，Elizabeth Cline不赞成服装租赁。B. Unfavorable.(不赞成的)符合以上说法，故选B项。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第六段的There's something called ''share washing'' that makes people waste more precisely because a product or service is shared and thus is regarded as more eco-friendly. Uber is one example of this, (有一种叫“共享清洗”的东西，它让人们更精准的浪费，因为一个产品或服务是共享的，因此它被认为是更环保，优步就是其中的一个例子)可知，举Uber 的例子是为了说明服装租赁可能会造成比想象中更多的浪费。C. renting clothes might waste more than expected(服装租赁可能会造成比想象中更多的浪费)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段的There's an even better step — that's wearing what is already in the closet.( 这儿有一个更好的办法——即穿已经在衣柜里的衣服)可推测，作者建议我们穿自己已经拥有的衣服。D. make full use of clothes we've possessed(充分利用我们已经拥有的衣服)符合以上说法，故选D项。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第三段的Cline writes that consumer transportation has the second largest carbon footprint of our collective fashion habit after manufacturing.(克莱因写道，消费者的交通工具的碳足迹仅次于制造业)，第五段的Then there's the burden of washing(此外，还有洗涤的负担)和第六段的Lastly, Cline fears that rental services will increase our appetite for fast fashion, simply because it's so easily accessible. (最后，Cline - 25 -‎ 担心租赁服务会增加我们对快速时尚的兴趣，因为它很容易获得)可知，本文主要讲述衣服租赁并不是人们所说的那样环保 C. Renting clothes is not that eco-friendly.(服装租赁没有那么环保)符合以上说法，故选C项。‎ 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ How to Become a Lifelong Learner Learning doesn't stop just because school does. Making a commitment to yourself to learn something new every day, you will not only enjoy what you discover, but you will be able to apply your knowledge and become a teacher to future generations. Here are some steps to become a lifelong learner.‎ Learn how you learn.___16___Note what learning techniques are most efficient for you and use them as much as is practical, such as viewing online tutorials on websites like YouTube if you're more of a visual learner.‎ ‎___17___Try many different things so that you don't box yourself into believing you're only good at a few things. It's probable that you're good at many things, but you won't know until you've tried.‎ Look at learning as an exploration and opportunity, not a chore (琐事)．Don't just force yourself to learn things because they are important or necessary.___18___ Follow your heart, as well as your sense of duty. Do you remember the 8th grade history that you hated so much, with all those names and dates that seemed to mean nothing? The point was to bring you to learn details now, which will knit chunks of information together later.___19___‎ Read, read, read.___20___ Reading is a gateway into other worlds and into the minds of your fellow human beings. And reading will help you to learn the discoveries and mistakes of others who have gone before you; reading is, in effect, a shortcut so that you don't have to learn things the hard way.‎ A. Learn where your talents and interests lie.‎ B. It was a chore then, but it makes sense, now.‎ C. Recognize the educational value in whatever you read.‎ D. Determine your own preferred learning style or styles.‎ E. Their ways of learning might help you to improve your own.‎ - 25 -‎ F. Make friends with your local library and new and used book sellers.‎ G. Instead, learn things that you need to learn alongside things you love to learn.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. A 18. G 19. B 20. F ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。文章介绍了如何成为一名终身学习者。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 这一段的标题是Learn how you learn.意思是了解你是如何学习的，该空与标题相呼应，D选项“决定你自己偏爱的学习方式”切题，故选D。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ Try many different things so that you don't box yourself into believing you're only good at a few things. It's probable that you're good at many things, but you won't know until you've tried.这一段讲述了尝试不同的事情，发现自己的一技之长，所以这一段落的标题应该是“了解你的才能和兴趣所在”，故选A。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 上文Don't just force yourself to learn things because they are important or necessary.意思是不要强迫自己学习，仅仅因为它是重要或是必须的东西，下文Follow your heart, as well as your sense of duty. 意思是追随你的心和责任感，该空承上启下，G选项“学习你需要学习并且喜欢学习的东西”切题，故选G。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 该空位于句尾，是对这一段落进行总结，与这段标题相呼应，B选项“那个时候是一件琐事，但是现在变得有意义”切题，故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 结合本段的标题“多读书”，F选项告诉我们具体方法，故选F。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Once upon a time a psychology professor walked around on a stage while teaching stress management principles to an auditorium, which was_____21_____ students. As she ____22____ a glass of water, everyone____23____ they’d be asked the ____24____question “glass half empty or ‎ - 25 -‎ glass half ____25____". Instead, with a ____26____on her face, the professor asked, “How_____27_____is this glass of water I'm holding?”‎ Students shouted out answers ____28____ from eight ounces to a couple pounds. She replied, “From my____29____the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t ___30___ .It all depends on how long I hold it. If I hold it for a ____31____or two, it's____32____light. If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm____33____. If I hold it for a day straight, my arm will likely____34____and feel completely numb and paralyzed, forcing me to drop the glass to the ___35___ . In each case, the____36____ of the glass doesn’t change, but the ___37___ I hold it, the heavier it feels to me.”‎ As the class shook their heads in ____38____ , she continued, “Your stresses and ___39___ in life are very much like this glass of water. Think about them for a while and nothing happens. Think about them a bit longer and you begin to ache a little. Think about them all day long, and you will feel completely numb and paralyzed-___40___to do anything else until you drop them.”‎ ‎21. A. surrounded by B. bored with C. owned by D. filled with ‎22. A. poured B. drank C. raised D. emptied ‎23 A. expected B. enjoyed C. liked D. wished ‎24. A. silly B. typical C. standardized D. wise ‎25. A. broken B. ready C. cut D. full ‎26. A. spot B. tear C. smile D. look ‎27. A. large B. small C. much D. heavy ‎28. A. ranging B. dating C. beginning D. originating ‎29. A. experience B. background C. perspective D. estimation ‎30. A. exist B. matter C. change D. last ‎31. A. day B. hour C. minute D. week ‎32. A. fairly B. obviously C. surprisingly D. completely ‎33. A. swing B. ache. C. shake D. break ‎34. A. cramp up B. break down C. stretch out D. fold up ‎35. A. sea B. grass C. bed D. floor ‎36. A. content B. size C. weight D. position ‎37. A. better B. longer C. more D. harder - 25 -‎ ‎38. A. silence B. agreement C. conclusion D. disappointment ‎39. A. comfort B. sadness C. worries D. happiness ‎40. A. willing B. pleased C. tired D. unable ‎【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. A 35. D 36. C 37. B 38. B 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述一位教授给学生上课，用举一杯水来举例告诉学生不要总想着生活中的压力和担忧，只有放弃想它们，才能做好事情。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：曾经，有一位心理学教授在讲台上来回走着，向满席的学生传授压力管理原则。A. surrounded by被…围住；B. bored with对…厌烦；C. owned by被..拥有；D. filled with装满。分析句子可知，which was_____1_____ students.为定语从句，修饰先行词Auditorium讲堂，根据句意应该是讲堂装满学生，故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水时，每个人都以为自己会被问到一个典型的问题:“杯子有一半是空的还是杯子有一半是满的”。A. poured倾注；B. drank喝；C. raised举起；D. emptied倒空。根据下文“How_____7_____is this glass of water I'm holding?”可知这里为举起杯子，故选C。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. expected 预料；B. enjoyed喜欢；C. liked喜欢；D. wished希望。根据常识，一般会问的问题是“glass half empty or glass half ____5____"，因此这里预料更符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. silly愚蠢的；B. typical典型的；C. standardized标准的；D. wise英明的。根据上文每人以为的那个问题，应该是个典型的问题，故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. broken打破的；B. ready准备好的；C. cut刀切的；D. full满的。分析句子可知，同上文glass half empty应该是相对的，故选D。‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当她举起一杯水，笑着问：“我举着的这杯水有多重?” A. spot斑点；B. tear眼泪；C. smile微笑；D. look外观。根据常识，教授给学生上课，提问应该是面带微笑更符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. large大的；B. small小的；C. much多的；D. heavy重的。根据下文Students shouted out answers ____8____ from eight ounces to a couple pounds.可知是重量，故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：从八盎司到几磅，学生们大声地喊出答案。A. ranging范围 B. dating标明日期；C. beginning开始；D. originating起源。根据下文from eight ounces to a couple pounds可知这里是范围，故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她回答道：“在我看来，这杯水的绝对重量不重要。 A. experience经验；B. background背景；C. perspective看法；D. estimation估算。根据下文From my____9____the absolute weight of this glass doesn’t ___10___ .It all depends on how long I hold it.可知教授是在阐述她的看法，故选C。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. exist存在；B. matter重要；C. change改变；D. last持续。根据下文It all depends on how long I hold it，这里应该说的是水的本身重量不重要，主要是看我举它多长时间，故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我举它一两分钟，它就很轻了。A. day天；B. hour小时；C. minute分钟；D. week周。根据下If I hold it for an hour straight, its weight might make my arm____13____，可知上文说的是分钟，才能感觉很轻，故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. fairly相当地；B. obviously明显地；C. surprisingly 令人惊讶地；D. completely完全地。分析句子可知，这里说的是举杯子，一两分钟应该是相当轻了，故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我连续举一个小时，它的重量可能会让我的胳膊疼。A. swing摇摆；B. ache疼痛；C. shake动摇；D. break破坏。根据常识，连续举杯子一个小时，应该会胳膊疼，故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词组辨析。句意：如果我一整天都举着它，我的手臂可能会抽筋，感觉完全麻木和麻痹，迫使我把杯子掉到地上。A. cramp up抽筋；B. break down出故障；C. stretch out伸展；D. fold up折叠。根据下文feel completely numb and paralyzed并列作谓语，抽筋更符合语境，故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. sea大海；B. grass草地；C. bed床；D. floor地面。根据语境和常识，可知这里应该为杯子掉在地上，故选D。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在各种情况里，这杯水的重量都没变，但是我举得越久，我就觉得越重。”。A. content内容； B. size尺寸；C. weight重量；D. position位置。根据下文说没变，可推测这里指水的重量没变，故选C。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. better更好；B. longer更长，更久；C. more更多；D. harder更难。根据下文我觉得越重，可知是举的时间越长，故选B。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当全班晃头表示同意时，她继续说道：“你们在生活中的压力和担忧就非常像这杯水。”A. silence沉默；B. agreement同意；C. conclusion结论；D. disappointment失望。根据上文教授表达自己的看法，学生应该是表示明白，同意，故选B。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. comfort舒适；B. sadness悲伤；C. worries担忧；D. happiness幸福。同上文的压力stresses并列主语，worries更符合语境，故选C。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：整天想着它们，你会感到完全麻木、麻痹——直到你放弃它们，你才能做其他任何事情。”A. willing愿意的；B. pleased高兴的；C. tired厌烦的；D. unable不能够的。根据上文整天想着它们，你会感到完全麻木、麻痹，那就会什么也不能做，因此unable更符合语境，故选D。‎ - 25 -‎ 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共50分）‎ 注意：将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式.‎ Tea culture is defined by the way tea is made and ___41___ (consume), by the way the people communicate with tea, ____42____ by the aesthetics (美学)surrounding tea drinking. It includes aspects of tea production tea brewing, tea arts and ceremony, society, history, health, ethics, education, and communication and media issues.‎ Tea ceremonies, with ___43___ (it) roots in the Chinese tea culture, differ among eastern countries. However, it may also differ in preparation, such as in Tibet,_____44_____tea is commonly brewed with salt and butter.‎ Different regions also favor different ______45______(variety) of tea-black, or oolong, and use different flavorings, such as milk, sugar or herbs. The temperature and strength of the tea likewise varies ___46___ (wide).‎ Due to the importance of tea in Chinese society and culture, tea houses can____47____ (find) in most Chinese neighborhoods and business districts.‎ Tea culture in China differs____48____ that of Europe, Britain or Japan in such things as preparation methods, tasting methods and the occasions for which it is consumed. Even now, in both casual and____49____ (form) Chinese occasions, tea is consumed regularly, In addition to ____50____(be) a drink, Chinese tea is used in traditional Chinese medicine and in Chinese cuisine.‎ ‎【答案】41. consumed ‎ ‎42. and 43. its ‎ ‎44. where 45. varieties ‎ ‎46. widely 47. be found ‎ ‎48. from 49. formal ‎ ‎50. being ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ - 25 -‎ 本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述茶文化，包括茶的制作和消费方式，人们与茶的交流方式，并说明茶道起源于中国及中国的茶文化不同于其他国家。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动词。句意：茶文化的定义是茶的制作和消费方式，人们与茶的交流方式，以及围绕茶饮的美学。分析句子可知，空中的词和made都是从句中谓语动词的一部分，都应用过去分词的形式，故填consumed。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查连词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，前后两句为并列关系，故填and。‎ ‎43题详解】‎ 考查代词。句意：茶道起源于中国的茶文化，在东方各国之间是不同的。分析句子可知，空中的词修饰名词root作定语，应用it的形容词性物主代词，故填its。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：然而，它的制备也可能不同，例如在西藏，茶通常是用盐和黄油煮制的。分析句子可知，____4_____tea is commonly brewed with salt and butter.为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tibet，在从句中作地点状语，故填where。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：不同的地区也喜欢不同品种的茶-红茶，或乌龙茶，并使用不同的调味品，如牛奶，糖或草药。根据下文列出的茶，可知这里是不同种类的茶，variety作为种类是可数名词，应变为复数形式，把y变i加es，故填varieties。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查词性转换。句意：茶的温度和强度也有很大的变化。分析句子可知，空中的词修饰动词varies作状语，应用副词形式，故填widely。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查语态。句意：由于茶叶在中国社会和文化中的重要性，茶馆可以在大多数中国社区和商业区找到。分析句子可知，空中缺少谓语动词，接在can后应用动词原形，主语和谓语之间是被动关系，故填be found。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查固定搭配。句意：中国的茶文化不同于欧洲、英国或日本的茶文化，如制备方法、品尝方法和食用的场合。短语differ from意为“不同于”，根据句意，故填from。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查词性转换。句意：即使现在，无论是在休闲场合还是在正式场合，茶都是定期饮用的。分析句子可知，空中的词修饰名词occasions作定语，应用形容词，故填formal。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：除了作为饮料外，中国茶还被用于中医和中国烹饪。分析句子可知，in addition to为固定短语，意为“除……之外”，to为介词，后应接动名词，故填being。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词分关系代词和关系副词。关系代词主要有 that, who, whom, whose, which, as 等，其中who和whom 只用于指人，which和as 只用于指事物，whose和 that既可于指人也可用于指物，它们在定语从句可用作主语、宾语、表语或定语；关系副词主要有when, where 和why，其中when表示时间，where表地点，why表原因，它们在定语从句中均用作状语。选择关系词可考虑以下四点：‎ ‎1. 一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)。‎ ‎2. 二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)。‎ ‎3. 三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)。‎ ‎4. 四看文体，即分清是正式文体还是非正式文体，是书面语体还是口语体。‎ 例如小题4中先行词指地点，在从句中做的是状语，故用where。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。作文中共有10处语言误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅沙及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：再错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of my dream. Some mention the Chinese Dream. And others talked enthusiastically about his understanding of the Chinese Dream. We are all believe that this dream will come true in the future. I also talked about my own dream. I had always wanted to be a doctor. Not only can doctors save people's life, but also they are doing a respectably job. Doctors - 25 -‎ ‎ can help people to live a better life without their professional knowledge. To realize my dream, I should try to study hardly from now on, I must learn as much as I can get into a good medical college, which I can prepare myself fully for the job of a doctor.‎ ‎【答案】1.mention→mentioned ‎2.his→their ‎3.去掉are ‎4.had→have ‎5.life→lives ‎6.respectably→respectable ‎7.without→with ‎8.hardly→hard ‎9.在can后加to ‎10.which→where ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述作者班级召开了一次关于我的梦想的主题班会，作者的梦想是当一名医生并决定好好学习，为成为医生做好准备。‎ ‎【详解】第一处：考查动词时态。句意：有人提到中国梦。根据时间状语Recently，可知是发生在过去，应用一般过去时，故将mention改为mentioned。‎ 第二处：考查代词。句意：和其他人热情地谈论他们对中国梦的理解。本句的主语是others，后面的形容词性物主代词应和其保持一致，应用their，故将his改为their。‎ 第三处：考查谓语动词。句意：我们都相信这个梦想将来会实现。分析句子可知，主语we和谓语相信之间为主动关系， 再根据句意，are是多余的，故去掉are。‎ 第四处：考查时态。句意：我一直想当医生。根据句中always可知应该用现在完成时，故将had改为have。‎ 第五处：考查名词。句意：医生不仅能挽救人们的生命，而且他们也在做一项值得尊敬的工作。本句中people是集体名词，指人们，后面的生命life也要变为复数形式，故将life改为lives。‎ 第六处：考查词性转换。句意：同上。分析句子可知，本句的respectably修饰名词job作定语，应用其形容词形式，故将respectably改为respectable。‎ - 25 -‎ 第七处：考查介词。句意：医生可以用他们的专业知识帮助人们过上更好的生活。根据句意，可知本句应为用他们的专业知识帮助人们，故将without改为with。‎ 第八处：考查副词。句意：为了实现我的梦想，我应该从现在开始努力学习，我必须尽可能多地学习进入一所好的医学院， 在那里我可以为医生的工作做好充分的准备。分析句子可知，努力学习为study hard，而hardly意为“几乎不”，根据句意，故将hardly改为hard。‎ 第九处：考查不定式。句意：同上。分析句子可知，I must learn as much as I can后省略动词do，和后面的动词之间应用不定式连接，并且to get into a good medical college在句中作目的状语，故在can后加to。‎ 第十处：考查非限制性定语从句的关系词。句意：同上。分析句子可知，which I can prepare myself fully for the job of a doctor为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词college，定语从句的关系词在句中作地点状语，应用where，故将which改为where。‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你从某网站上得知陕西省博物馆正在招募暑假英语讲解员，请你根据以下提示给博物馆负责外国游客接待的Mr. Charles写一封英文自荐信。内容包括：‎ ‎1.表达意愿；‎ ‎2.自荐理由；‎ ‎3.恳请获准。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ 参考词汇：讲解员, Interpreter ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Mr., Charles,‎ I' m Li Hua, a high school student. I am writing to apply for the position you advertised on the website.‎ First of all, with fluent oral English, I’m convinced that I have no difficulty in communicating - 25 -‎ ‎ with foreign visitors. Furthermore, not only am I familiar with the history and traditions of Shaanxi Province but also I have a strong affection for them, which enable me to provide visitors with more professional service. More importantly, what I am talented for is to make friends with various people in no time. I believe my thoughtful and excellent service will live up to foreign visitors ‘expectations.‎ I’d appreciate it if you could give me the chance to serve as an interpreter. Look forward to your early reply.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，根据要求写一封电子邮件，是一封自荐信。‎ ‎【详解】第一步：应用文表达，注意格式规范，根据提示，整篇文章应使用一般时态。‎ 第二步：根据提纲依次写出意愿和自荐的理由，并请求获得批准；内容包含全面，关键词选用合理，如apply for，communicate with，familiar with，not only … but also…等等。‎ 第三步：连词成文，结构衔接得体。‎ ‎【点睛】第一段，开门见山，表达意愿，清晰明确，简单明了。‎ 第二段，说明自荐的理由，结构清晰，First of all…Furthermore连接结构的短语和词运用得体恰当。‎ 第三段，符合应用文结尾格式，结构严谨。‎ 文章内容完整，提纲要点全面，格式规范，语篇连贯，使用复合句，显示考生有很高的英语驾驭能力，如Furthermore, not only am I familiar with the history and traditions of Shaanxi Province but also I have a strong affection for them, which enable me to provide visitors with more professional service.‎ - 25 -‎