【英语】陕西省渭南市韩城市司马迁中学2020届高三第十次周测试题（解析版）

【英语】陕西省渭南市韩城市司马迁中学2020届高三第十次周测试题（解析版）

陕西省渭南市韩城市司马迁中学2020届高三第十次周测 英语试题 第一部分 阅读理解 （共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Need a Job This Summer?‎ The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program.‎ Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round.‎ Jobs for Youth ‎ If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program, Which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training.‎ ‎ Who is eligible: Youth 15—18 years old in select communities（社区）.‎ Summer Company ‎ Summer Company provides students with hands—on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses.‎ ‎ Who is eligible: Students aged 15—29, returning to school in the fall.‎ Stewardship Youth Ranger Program ‎ You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer.‎ ‎ Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year.‎ Summer Employment Opportunities（机会）‎ ‎ Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program, students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service, its related agencies and community groups.‎ ‎ Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or ‎ up to 29 for persons with a disability.‎ 1. What is special about Summer Company? ‎ A. It requires no training before employment.‎ B. It provides awards for running new businesses.‎ C. It allows one to work in the natural environment.‎ D. It offers more summer job opportunities.‎ ‎2. What is the age range required by Stewardship Youth Ranger Program? ‎ A.15—18.‎ B.15—24.‎ C.15—29.‎ D.16—17.‎ ‎3. Which program favors the disabled? ‎ A. Jobs for Youth.‎ B. Summer Company.‎ C. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program.‎ D. Summer Employment Opportunities.‎ B For Canaan Elementary's second grade in Patchogue‎, ‎N.Y.‎, today is speech day, and right now it's Chris Palaez's turn. The 8-year-old is the joker of the class. With shining dark eyes, he seems like the kind of kid who would enjoy public speaking.‎ ‎ But he's nervous. "I'm here to tell you today why you should…should…" Chris trips on the "-ld" a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support. "…Vote for …me …" Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him.‎ ‎ A son of immigrants, Chris started learning English a little over three years ago. Whaley recalls（回想起）how at the beginning of the year, when called upon to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.‎ ‎ Learning English as a second language can be a painful experience. What you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes. "It takes a lot for any student," Whaley explains, "especially ‎ for a student who is learning English as their new language, to feel confident enough to say, ‘I don't know,but I want to know.'"‎ ‎ Whaley got the idea of this second-grade presidential campaign project when he asked the children one day to raise their hands if they thought they could never be a president. The answer broke his heart. Whaley says the project is about more than just learning to read and speak in public. He wants these kids to learn to boast（夸耀）about themselves.‎ ‎ "Boasting about yourself,and your best qualities," Whaley says,"is very difficult for a child who came into the classroom not feeling confident."‎ 4. What made Chris nervous? ‎ A. Telling a story.‎ B. Making a speech.‎ C. Taking a test.‎ D. Answering a question.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word "stumbles" in paragraph 2 refer to? ‎ A. Improper pauses.‎ B. Bad manners.‎ C. Spelling mistakes.‎ D. Silly jokes.‎ ‎6. We can infer that the purpose of Whaley's project is to .‎ A. help students see their own strengths B. assess students' public speaking skills C. prepare students for their future jobs D. inspire students' love for politics ‎7. Which of the following best describes Whaley as a teacher? ‎ A. Humorous.‎ B. Ambitious.‎ C. Caring.‎ D. Demanding.‎ C As data and identity theft becomes more and more common, the market is growing for ‎ biometric（生物测量）technologies-like fingerprint scans-to keep others out of private e-spaces. At present, these technologies are still expensive, though.‎ ‎ Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with a low-cost device（装置）that gets around this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence（节奏）with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to-regardless of whether someone gets the password right.‎ ‎ It also doesn't require a new type of technology that people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently.‎ ‎ In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word "touch" four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize different participants based on how they typed, with very low error rates. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty straightforward to commercialize and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future.‎ 8. Why do the researchers develop the smart keyboard? ‎ A. To reduce pressure on keys.‎ B. To improve accuracy in typing.‎ C. To replace the password system.‎ D. To cut the cost of e—space protection.‎ ‎9. What makes the invention of the smart keyboard possible? ‎ A. Computers are much easier to operate.‎ B. Fingerprint scanning techniques develop fast.‎ C. Typing patterns vary from person to person.‎ D. Data security measures are guaranteed.‎ ‎10. What do the researchers expect of the smart keyboard? ‎ A.It'll be environment—friendly.‎ B.It'll reach consumers soon.‎ C.It'll be made of plastics.‎ D.It'll help speed up typing.‎ ‎11. Where is this text most likely from? ‎ A.A diary.‎ B.A guidebook.‎ C.A novel.‎ D.A magazine.‎ D During the rosy years of elementary school（小学）, I enjoyed sharing my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status. I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes, breaking rules and playing jokes on others, among whom I soon found myself.‎ ‎ Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology sorts the popular into two categories: the likable and the status seekers. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and, when tapped early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of power and even dishonorable behavior.‎ ‎ Enviable as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr.Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage（从事）in dangerous and risky behavior."‎ ‎ In one study, Dr.Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys（调查研究）. "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status. It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."‎ ‎ Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date-sharing, kindness, openness-carry over to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.‎ ‎ In analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. "Being ‎ liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage, " he said.‎ 12. What sort of girl was the author in her early years of elementary school? ‎ A. Unkind.‎ B. Lonely.‎ C. Generous.‎ D. Cool.‎ ‎13. What is the second paragraph mainly about? ‎ A. The classification of the popular.‎ B. The characteristics of adolescents.‎ C. The importance of interpersonal skills.‎ D. The causes of dishonorable behavior.‎ ‎14. What did Dr. Prinstein's study find about the most liked kids? ‎ A. They appeared to be aggressive.‎ B. They tended to be more adaptable.‎ C. They enjoyed the highest status.‎ D. They performed well academically.‎ ‎15. What is the best title for the text? ‎ A. Be Nice—You Won't Finish Last B. The Higher the Status, the Better C. Be the Best—You Can Make It D. More Self—Control, Less Aggressiveness 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Is Fresh Air Really Good for You?‎ ‎ We all grew up hearing people tell us to "go out and get some fresh air." 16_______ According to recent studies,the answer is a big YES, if the air quality in your camping area is good.‎ ‎ 17 If the air you're breathing is clean-which it would be if you're away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving,energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors, your body will learn to breathe more deeply, allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles（肌肉）‎ and your brain.‎ ‎ Recently, people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing（治愈）.18 In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green, growing things can reduce stress, lower blood pressure, and put people into a better mood（情绪）. Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. 19 It gives us a great feeling of peace.‎ ‎ 20 While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D-but still protect your skin-put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D.‎ A. Fresh air cleans our lungs.‎ B. So what are you waiting for?‎ C. Being in nature refreshes us.‎ D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight.‎ E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?‎ F. Just as importantly, we tend to associate air with health care.‎ G. All across the country, recovery centers have begun building Healing‎ ‎Gardens.‎ 第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Every year about 40,000 people attempt to climb Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. They 21 with them lots of waste. The 22 might damage the beauty of the place. The glaciers（冰川）are disappearing, changing the 23 of Kilimanjaro.‎ ‎ Hearing these stories, I'm 24 about the place-other destinations are described as "purer" natural experiences.‎ ‎ However, I soon 25 that much has changed since the days of disturbing reports of 26 among tons of rubbish. I find a 27 mountain, with toilets at camps and along the paths. The environmental challenges are 28 but the efforts made by the Tanzania National Park Authority ‎ seem to be 29 .‎ ‎ The best of a Kilimanjaro 30 , in my opinion, isn't reaching the top. Mountains are 31 as spiritual places by many cultures. This 32 is especially evident on Kilimanjaro as 33 go through five ecosystems（生态系统）in the space of a few kilometers. At the base is a rainforest. It ends abruptly at 3, 000 meters, 34 lands of low growing plants. Further up, the weather 35 -low clouds envelope the mountainsides, which are covered with thick grass. I 36 twelve shades of green from where I stand. Above 4, 000 meters is the highland 37 : gravel（砾石）, stones and rocks. 38 you climb into an arctic-like zone with 39 snow and the glaciers that may soon disappear.‎ ‎ Does Kilimanjaro 40 its reputation as a crowded mountain with lines of tourists ruining the atmosphere of peace? I found the opposite to be true.‎ ‎21.A. keep B. mix C. connect D. bring ‎22.A. stories B. buildings C. crowds D. reporters ‎23.A. position B. age C. face D. name ‎24.A. silent B. skeptical C. serious D. crazy ‎25.A. discover B. argue C. decide D. advocate ‎26.A. equipment B. grass C. camps D. stones ‎27.A. remote B. quiet C. all D. clean ‎28.A. new B. special C. significant D. necessary ‎29.A. paying off B. spreading out C. blowing up D. fading away ‎30.A. atmosphere B. experience C. experiment D. sight ‎31.A. studied B. observed C. explored D. regarded ‎32.A. view B. quality C. reason D. purpose ‎33.A. scientists B. climbers C. locals D. officials ‎34.A. holding on to B. going back to C. living up to D. giving way to ‎35.A. changes B. clears C. improves D. permits ‎36.A. match B. imagine C. count D. add ‎37.A. village B. desert C. road D. lake ‎38.A. Obviously B. Easily C. Consequently D. Finally ‎39.A. permanent B. little C. fresh D. artificial ‎40.A. enjoy B. deserve C. save D. acquire 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The polar bear is found in the Arctic Circle and some big land masses as far south as Newfoundland. While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence 41 they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been 42_______（poor）studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.‎ ‎ Modern methods 43 tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive 44 （perform）consistently over a large area. In recent years some Inuit people in Nunayut 45 （report）increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a 46 （believe）that populations are increasing. Scientists have responded by 47 （note）that hungry bears may be congregating（聚集） around human settlements, leading to the illusion（错觉）that populations are 48_______ （high）than they actually are. Of 49 nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six 50 （be）stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data.‎ 第三部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 （共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（︿），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该次下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词。‎ 1. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11题起）不计分。‎ ‎ I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident. One afternoon where I was ‎ in primary school, I was walking by the school playground. Suddenly football feel just in front of me but almost hit me. I stopped the ball and kicked it hardly back to the playground. To everyone′s surprising, the ball went into the net. All the football player on the playground cheered loudly, say that I had a talent for football. From now on, I started to play my football with classmates after school. I am a good player now.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，暑假在伦敦学习，得知当地美术馆要举办中国画展。请写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：‎ 1. 写信目的；2. 个人优势；3. 能做的事情。‎ 注意：‎ 1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头语和结束语已为你写好。‎ Dear sir or madam,‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 第四部分 汉译英（共三节，满分30分）‎ 第一节 主语从句 （共5个句子，每个句子2分，满分10分）‎ ‎51. 他要跟我们说什么，还不清楚。‎ ‎52. 谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。‎ ‎53. 我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。‎ ‎54. 英语晚会将在哪里举行，还没有宣布。‎ ‎55. 他们没能结婚，真是令人惋惜。‎ 第二节 宾语从句 （共5个句子，每个句子2分，满分10分）‎ ‎56. 他已经告诉我他明天要去上海。‎ ‎57. 我想知道他告诉了你什么。‎ ‎58. 她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。‎ ‎59. 我们认为你不在这。‎ ‎60. 我相信他不会这样做。‎ 第三节 单词 （共10个单词，每个单词1分，满分10分）‎ 61. 雇佣 62. 观察 63. 发明 64. 使惊恐 65. 喂养 ‎ 66. 允许 67. 秘密 68. 幸存 69. 供给 70. 景色 ‎【答案解析】‎ 阅读理解 ‎1.B 2.D 3.D ‎4.B 5.A 6.A 7.C ‎ ‎8. D 9.C 10.B 11.D ‎12.C 13.A 14.B 15.A ‎16.E 17.A 18.G 19.C 20.D ‎ 完形填空 ‎21—25. DCCBA 26—30. CDCAB 31—35. DABDA 36—40. CBDAB 语法填空 41. that 42. poorly 43. of/for 44. to perform 45.have reported ‎ ‎46. belief. 47. noting. 48. higher. 49. the. 50. are.‎ 短文改错 ‎51.【答案】interesting ‎【解析】改为interested.考查形容词，修饰人用过去分词形式的形容词.故interesting改为interested.‎ ‎52.【答案】were ‎【解析】改为when.考查状语从句.此处表示时间，"当我上小学时"，因此用when 来引导时间状语从句.故were改为when.‎ ‎53.【答案】在football 前加a ‎【解析】考查冠词用法.此处football是可数名词，并表泛指，表首次提到的、不限定的人或事物.故在football 前加a.‎ ‎54.【答案】but 改成and ‎【解析】考查连词.连接两个并列谓语，这两个动作"fell"和"hit"是并列关系，应用and.故在but 改成and.‎ ‎55.【答案】hardly改成hard ‎【解析】考查副词.本句应为用力踢，在这里hard 为副词，容易误用成hardly（几乎不）.故hardly改成hard.‎ ‎56.【答案】surprising改成 surprise ‎【解析】考查名词.在短语"to one's surprise"中，one's 后应为名词，再如：to one's disappointment/delight"令人失望/高兴的" 等.故surprising改成 surprise.‎ ‎57.【答案】player 改成players ‎【解析】考查名词单复数.这里指场上所有足球运动员，应为复数.故player 改成players.‎ ‎58.【答案】say 改成 saying ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词.本句的谓语是cheered，say 不作谓语，在这里应为状语，和句子主语players 是主动关系，所以改为现在分词.故say 改成 saying.‎ ‎59.【答案】now 改成 then ‎【解析】考查固定搭配.本文时态是一般过去时，此处表示的是"自那时起"，所以改为from then on.from now on.表示"从现在起".故now 改成 then.‎ ‎60.【答案】my 去掉 ‎【解析】考查固定搭配.球类前一般不加冠词，play football/basket.故my 去掉.‎ 书面表达 Dear sir or madam，‎ I am a Chinese student named Li Hua， who is studying in London during the summer vacation. Knowing that the local art gallery will hold an exhibition of Chinese paintings， I am writing to apply for volunteering.【高分句型一】（写信目的）‎ As a student who has learned Chinese painting since 5 years old ， I am very pleased to have an opportunity to introduce Chinese paintings to foreigners.【高分句型二】Besides， my fluent spoken English and rich knowledge about Chinese paintings will help visitors understand the meaning behind each painting deeply.（个人优势以及能做的事情）‎ I will appreciate it if I could be given the opportunity. Looking forward to your early reply.（期盼回复）‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua 汉译英 主语从句：‎ ‎51.What he wants to tell us is not clear. ‎ ‎52.Who will win the match is still unknown. ‎ ‎53.It is known to us how he became a writer. ‎ ‎54.Where the English evening party will be held has not yet been announced. ‎ ‎55. It's a great pity（that）they didn't get married.‎ 宾语从句：‎ ‎56. He has told me that he will go to Shanghai tomorrow. ‎ ‎57. I want to know what he has told you. ‎ ‎58. She always thinks of how she can work well. ‎ ‎59. We don’t think you are here. ‎ ‎60. I don’t believe he will do so. ‎ 单词 61. employ 62.observe 63.invent 64.frighten 65.feed ‎ ‎66.permit 67.secret 68.survive 69.supply 70. scene ‎