2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案（32页word版）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit1Friendship单元学案（32页word版）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 1Friendship单元学案 Period 1　新知预习课 识记词汇 ‎1.Match the words and phrases.‎ A.words (单词连线)‎ ‎1)outdoors ‎2)dislike ‎3)disagree ‎4)loose ‎5)pack ‎6)survey ‎7)item ‎8)suitcase ‎9)series ‎10)partner ‎1)松的,松开的 ‎2)在户外,在野外 ‎3)调查 ‎4)打包,捆扎 ‎5)不同意 ‎6)不喜欢,厌恶 ‎7)伙伴 ‎8)项目,条款 ‎9)连续;系列 ‎10)手提箱 B.phrases(短语连线)‎ ‎1)将……装箱打包 ‎2)使平静下来,使镇静 ‎3)记下,放下;登记 ‎4)故意地 ‎5)在黄昏时刻 ‎1)at dusk ‎2)set down ‎3)on purpose ‎4)pack up ‎5)calm down ‎2.根据释义写出单词 ‎1)　　　 make someone feel unhappy or worried ‎ ‎2)　　　 pay no attention to,take no notice of,pretend not to see ‎ ‎3)　　　 completely ‎ ‎4)　　　 the ability or right to control people or things ‎ ‎5)　　　 a piece of cloth that is hung to cover a window ‎ ‎6)　　　 go to live in a new place and stay there ‎ ‎7)　　　 get well again after being ill or hurt,etc. ‎ ‎8)　　　 correctly,precisely ‎ ‎9)　　　 feeling or showing thanks,thankful ‎ ‎10)　　　 a small piece of advice;a thin pointed end ‎ 精讲词汇 ‎1.add vt.加;增加;补充说 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)If you 　　　 3 and 5,you’ll get 8.　3加5等于8. ‎ ‎2)If the soup is salty,you can 　　　 some water 　　　 it.如果汤太咸,你可 以向里面加点水。 ‎ ‎3)The fine weather 　　　 our pleasure.好天气增加了我们的欢乐。 ‎ ‎4)The storm only added 　　　 our difficulties.暴风雨只是增加了我们的困难。 ‎ ‎5)He said goodbye and 　　　 that he was pleased with the result.他告辞,并补充说他对结果感到满意。 ‎ ‎6)He 　　　 that they would return a week later.他接着说,他们一周后回来。 ‎ ‎7)　　　 these figures.将这些数加起来。 ‎ ‎8)Abraham Lincoln’s entire school education 　　　 no more than one year.亚伯拉罕·林肯接受的全部学校教育加起来总共不过一年。 ‎ add...to... 把……加到……上　add to 增加;增添 add up 把……加起来　add up to 加起来总计 ‎2.upset adj.心烦意乱的;不适的;vt.使不安,使心烦 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)There’s no point in 　　　　　　　 it.犯不着为此事难过。 ‎ ‎2)I understand 　　　 (多么难过)you are feeling. ‎ ‎3)He had an 　　　 stomach.他肠胃不适。 ‎ ‎4)This decision is likely to 　　　 a lot of people.这个决定很可能会使很多人不快。 ‎ ‎5)It 　　　 (upset)me to think of her all alone in that big house.想到她孤身一人守着那个大房子,我就很不舒服。 ‎ be/get upset about 对……心烦意乱 It upsets sb.to do.... 做……使某人不安 ‎3.concern v.使担忧;涉及;关系到;n.担心;关注 ‎【填空】‎ ‎1)What 　　　 me is our lack of preparation for the change.我担心的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。 ‎ ‎2)The story 　　　 the prince’s effort to rescue Pamina.这故事讲的是王子奋力解救帕米娜。 ‎ ‎3)His health is beginning to 　　　 me.他的健康开始使我担心。 ‎ ‎4)She has a deep concern 　　　 the safety of her children.她深切挂念她孩子们的安全。 ‎ ‎5)There is growing 　　　 about violence on television.人们对电视上的暴力日见忧虑。 ‎ ‎6)We are all concerned 　　　 her health.我们都非常关切她的健康。 ‎ ‎7)The President is deeply 　　　 about this issue.总统对这个问题深感担忧。 ‎ concerned adj. 担心的,关心的;有关的 be concerned about... 对...很担心 have concern for ... 对...的担心 ‎4.fall in love with...爱上……;be in love with...与……相爱;be tired of...厌倦……;be tired from因……而感到疲惫 ‎【完成句子】‎ ‎1)I 　　　 in love with the city the moment I stepped in it. ‎ ‎2)Mary 　　　 in love with Mike for many years. ‎ ‎3)I am tired 　　　 so much housework. ‎ ‎4)He is tired 　　　 walking for so long. ‎ 运用词汇 Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1.If you live in the snowy part for a long time,you might be very t　　　 of winter by now. ‎ ‎2.The country has not yet r　　　 from the effects of the war. ‎ ‎3.In the past a few days she has become seriously ill,s　　　 great pain and discomfort. ‎ ‎4.As far as I am c　　　,riding bicycles is a good solution. ‎ ‎5.They completely i　　　 these facts as if they never existed. ‎ ‎6.People do stupid things when they are 　　　 (心烦意乱的). ‎ ‎7.They decided to 　　　(定居下来)down in America at last. ‎ ‎8.Here are some of my ideas.What would you 　　　 (补充,添加)? ‎ ‎9.Then began a 　　　 (系列)of wet days that spoiled our vacation. ‎ ‎10.You copied this work from Paul because you’ve made 　　　(正是)the same mistakes. ‎ Ⅱ.单项填空 ‎1.She refused to offer any help,which quite 　　　　 all the people present. ‎ A.ignored　 　　　　 B.settled　　　　 　 C.upset　 　　　　 D.suffered ‎2.“If you 　　　 your diet,trouble will follow.” my doctor warned me. ‎ A.pack B.ignore C.recover D.concern ‎3.He devoted himself 　　　　 to his research work,having no time for play. ‎ A.exactly B.gratefully C.loosely D.entirely ‎4.He has more 　　　　 than anybody else in the company. ‎ A.energy B.strength C.power D.force ‎5.She drew back the 　　　　 to let some sunlight in. ‎ A.curtains B.suitcases C.partners D.teenagers ‎6.I can’t express how 　　　 I am for all you’ve done for me. ‎ A.grateful B.loose C.calm D.entire ‎7.In order to build the dam,they moved the local people and 　　　 them in another place. ‎ A.recovered B.ignored C.concerned D.settled ‎8.The doctors are delighted to find that the patient is beginning to 　　　 from heart trouble. ‎ A.uncover B.discover C.recover D.cover ‎9.The train arrived at 　　　 8 o’clock,neither earlier nor later. ‎ A.clearly　　 B.exactly C.widely　　 D.nearly ‎10.Steve gave me some useful 　　 on how to take good pictures. ‎ A.powers B.tips C.items D.thunders Ⅲ.短文填空 My New Life in High School It has been a long time since I started high school.At present I get along well 　　　 my classmates and enjoy my school days. ‎ At first,I was not adapted to the new life.　　　　(准确地) speaking,I 　　　 (遭受)a lot at first.　　　 (为了)get a good mark,I got up very early to study.But for the first exam,all my scores 　　　 (加起来总计)500,which really 　　　 (使心烦)me.My 　　　 (伙伴们)were 　　　 (担心)about me while my parents tried to comfort me,but I 　　　 (不理)them.My head teacher advised me to keep myself 　　　 (镇静).With her help,I listed my strengths and weaknesses,and managed to make a new plan.She said she believed I could overcome all the problems in my study as well as life,and so I did. ‎ I am 　　　 (感激的)to all the people who care for me,especially to my head teacher.Now I’m living a full and happy life. ‎ 参考答案 识记词汇 ‎2.1)upset　2)ignore　3)entirely　4)power　5)curtain　6)settle　7)recover　8)exactly ‎9)grateful　10)tip 精讲词汇 ‎1.1)add　2)add;to　3)added to　4)to　5)added　6)added　7)Add up　8)added up to ‎2.1)getting upset about　2)how upset　3)upset　4)upset　5)upsets ‎3.1)concerns　2)concerns　3)concern　4)for　5)concern　6)about　7)concerned ‎4.1)fell　2)has been　3)of　4)from 运用词汇 Ⅰ.1.tired　2.recovered　3.suffering　4.concerned　5.ignore　6.upset　7.settle　8.add ‎9.series　10.exactly Ⅱ.1~5.CBDCA　6~10.ADCBB Ⅲ.with;Exactly;suffered;In order to;added up to;upset;partners;concerned;ignored;calm down;grateful Period 2　文本研读课 ‎ ‎ 自主预习 Step 1　Can you give a brief description of one of your friends? ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Step 2　Finish doing the survey on Page 1.Work out your score according to the scoring sheet on page 8 and fill in the blanks below and then try to recite it.‎ ‎4-7 points:not a good friend ‎8-12 points:a fairly good friend more than 12 points:an excellent friend The scoring sheet on page 8 shows the most possible points you can get is 　　　.After 　　　up my score I got 　　　 points.I’m quite pleased with that because it shows in general (总体上)I’m pretty good to my friends.The lowest score I got is for Question 5,because I thought letting my friend look at my paper in an exam was what I should do.Now I have come to realize that would only do harm to him or her in the long run (从长远来看).My friend Liu Li looks 　　　 because she gets only 8 points.I am 　　　 about her and I’ve decided to invite her to 　　　 my dog with me after school with the hope of 　　　 her down. ‎ 思考导引 ‎1.Why do you need friends?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.Does a friend always have to be a person? What else can be your friend?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Do you think a diary can become your friend? Why or why not?‎ ‎ ‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Scan the passage and fill in the form below:‎ Name Place Time ‎ Her family They had to 　　　　,or they would be caught by the German Nazis. ‎ What we can learn from her diary •She hadn’t been 　　　　 for too long,so she was crazy about everything to do with 　　　　. ‎ ‎•To have a good look at 　　　　 by herself,one evening she stayed awake on purpose until 11:30,but she didn’t dare 　　　　 as the moon gave far too much light. ‎ ‎•Another time five months ago,she 　　　　 nature face to face for the first time in a year and a half. ‎ ‎•She hated to look at nature through dirty 　　　　 and she hoped to 　　　　 it. ‎ ‎2.Read the text carefully and answer the following questions:‎ ‎(1)What is a true friend like in Anne’s opinion?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)What is an ordinary diary like according to Anne? ‎ What about her diary?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(3)How did Anne feel about nature after she and her family hid away?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(4)Why do you think her feelings changed towards nature?‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.Read and discuss ‎(1)What do the following two words imply(暗含)in Anne’s letter?‎ Words What is implied?‎ outdoors ‎ nature ‎ ‎(2)How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out at the night sky?‎ ‎ ‎ 课后提升 ‎1.Complete the following sentences with the Chinese hints.‎ be concerned about / for:a feeling of worry (对……关心;关注)‎ be concerned with:to be about sth.(与……有关;涉及)‎ ‎(a)The family 　　　 all 　　　 　　　 (担心)his safety. ‎ ‎(b)　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　(她为什么如此关注)his attitude to her work? There seems nothing to do with him. ‎ ‎(c)The public 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 (越来越关注)the spread of the deadly disease. ‎ ‎(d)The book 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 (主要涉及)the relations of the two countries during the Cold War. ‎ ‎2.translate the following sentences Study the seutence and then into English.‎ I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky,...kept me spellbound.‎ A:there was a time when...曾经一段时间 ‎(1)从前有段时间女孩是不能上学的。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎(2)中国曾经是世界上最强大的国家之一。‎ ‎ ‎ B:kept me spellbound“使我着迷”,spellbound 为过去分词,作宾语补足语。‎ ‎3.Replace the sentences.‎ I happened to be upstairs one evening...‎ 常用搭配:...happened to do ...‎ It so (just)happened that...‎ 事故发生的时候,我碰巧在场。‎ I happened to be there when the accident happened.‎ ‎= ‎ ‎4.Finish the sentences.‎ ‎...it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.‎ It / This /That is /will be the first /second...time that...某人第一/二...次做某事 ‎(1)这是我第一次见这么大的西瓜。‎ ‎　 I have seen such a big watermelon. ‎ ‎(2)他说那是他第二次去欧洲。‎ ‎　 he had been to Europe. ‎ ‎5.Remember the following sentence patterns.‎ It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer.‎ It’s no use talking with him.‎ It’s no good doing such a thing.‎ It’s funny / fun watching myself in the mirror.‎ It’s a waste of time doing the work.‎ It’s worth reading the book.‎ It’s worthwhile visiting the place.‎ 参考答案 ‎ 自主预习 Step 2:10;adding/ I added;12;upset;concerned;walk;calming 思考导引(略)‎ 课堂探究 ‎1.Name:Anne Frank; Place: In Amsterdam in the Netherlands; Time: During World War Ⅱ Her family: hide away What we can learn from her diary:•outdoors; nature ‎•the moon; open a window ‎•saw/looked at ‎•curtains; experience ‎ ‎2.(1)In Anne’s opinion, a true friend is a person whom you could tell everything to,like your deepest feelings and thoughts.‎ ‎(2)According to Anne, an ordinary diary is where most people like to set down a series of facts.‎ Anne wrote down her deepest feelings and thoughts in her diary. She told everything to her best friend-her diary.‎ ‎(3)She felt so crazy about nature.‎ ‎(4)Because she had been indoors too long, she was so eager to see the outdoor world-the blue sky, the singing birds, the beautiful flowers, the bright moon.‎ ‎3.(1)outdoors: free nature: the blue sky, the singing birds, flowers, the bright moon ‎(2)very sad, lonely, helpless, depressed (忧愁的),maybe hopeless...‎ 课后提升 ‎1.(a)are; concerned about ‎(b)Why is she so concerned about ‎(c)is more and more concerned about ‎(d)is mainly concerned with ‎2.(1)There was a time when girls couldn’t go to school.‎ ‎(2)There was a time when China was one of the strongest countries in the world.‎ ‎3.It so happened that I was there when the accident happened.‎ ‎4.(1)It / This is the first time that ‎(2)He said it /that was the second time that Period 3　知识讲练课 ‎ ‎ Step 1　Words and expressions:‎ ‎1.You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.‎ 你就不要理会铃声了, 找个安静的地方去安慰你的朋友。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)I made a suggestion but they chose to ignore it.我提了一个建议,但他们不予理会。‎ ‎2)He ignored all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette.‎ 他无视所有“禁止吸烟”的警示,点了香烟。‎ ‎3)He was driving very fast because he was ignorant of the speed limit.‎ ‎ 他车开得很快,因为他不知道要限速。 ‎ ‎4)His failure resulted from ignorance.他的失败起因于他的无知。‎ ‎ ignore 是　　　,which means: ‎ ‎1)to pay no attention to sth.,意为“　　　”; ‎ ‎2)to pretend that you have not seen sb.意为“　　　”; ‎ ignorant 是　　　,意为“　　　”; ‎ ignorance是　　　, 意为“　　　”。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎ 用ignore及其派生词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1)I said hello to her,but she 　　　 me completely. ‎ ‎2)I was 　　　 of the fact that the boss could be so strict. ‎ ‎3)We are in complete 　　　of his plans. ‎ ‎4)He 　　　 the doctor’s advice and goes on smoking. ‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)We waited inside until things calmed down.我们待在室内,直到一切都恢复了平静。‎ ‎2)He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.他深深地吸了几口气,使自己平静下来。‎ ‎3)Keep calm when in danger.身处危险时要保持镇定。 ‎ ‎4)They sat in the yard to enjoy the calm of the evening.他们坐在院子里享受这夜晚的宁静。‎ ‎ calm (sb.)down意为“　　　”;calm也可用作　　　词或　　　　词;keep calm表示“　　　”。 ‎ ‎【辨析】‎ ‎1)calm指人时,表示镇静、平和的心情;修饰天气、海洋等时,表示风平浪静的“平静”状态。‎ ‎2)quiet指环境安静,没有声音,或是指人不吵闹,心里没有烦恼、焦虑。‎ ‎3)silent指人“沉默、不说话”或指环境“寂静的、无声的”。‎ ‎4)still意为“静止的;不动的”,着重强调人“完全不动;毫无声音”。‎ ‎【助记】‎ When facing danger, one should keep calm; when taken photos, one should keep still; when someone else is asleep, one should keep quiet; in class, one shouldn’t keep silent about the teacher’s questions.一个人面对危险时,应该保持镇静;照相时,要保持不动;当其他人睡觉时,应保持安静;在课堂上,对老师的提问不应保持沉默。　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ 用calm, quiet, still和silent填空。‎ ‎1)Please be 　　　.Don’t make so much noise. ‎ ‎2)Stand 　　　 while I take a photo of you. ‎ ‎3)Whatever I asked him, Kerry still kept 　　　. ‎ ‎4)We must be 　　　 in an emergency. ‎ ‎5)After the storm, the sea was 　　　. ‎ ‎2.Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through?你是不是担心朋友会嘲笑你,会不理解你目前的处境?‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)How does she keep smiling after all she’s gone through?‎ 她经历了这一切后怎么还能满脸笑容? ‎ ‎2)I always start the day by going through my mails.我总是每天一早就仔细查阅我的邮件。‎ ‎3)The plan didn’t go through the CEO.这计划未被CEO接受。‎ ‎4)He has gone through all his money for his illness.他因病而花光了所有的钱。‎ ‎ “go through”means “to experience or suffer sth.”, 意为“　　　”,无　　　语态。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)The police 　　　 the building, hoping to catch the thief. ‎ A. looked for　　　　　　　　　　　　B. settled down C. found out D. went through ‎2)When we are getting excited, angry or scared, our bodies also 　　　 many physical changes. ‎ A. go over B. go around C. go through D. go for ‎3....I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have a good look at the moon by myself.……直到11点半,我故意不睡觉,为的是独自好好看看月亮。‎ ‎【观察思考】 ‎ ‎1)He came here on purpose to tell you the truth.他来这儿专门告诉你真相。‎ ‎ 2)In order to catch up with others, you should try harder. 为了赶上别人,你应更加努力。‎ ‎ 3)He hid himself among the trees in order not to be caught.为了不被逮住,他藏在树林中。 ‎ ‎ on purpose意为 “　　　”,与purposely同义;in order to do sth.=　　　,　　　一般不用在句首,其否定形式为　　　,在句中作　　　状语。 ‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)他们去北京参加一个重要会议。‎ They went to Beijing 　　　. ‎ ‎2)　　　late in the morning,Bob turned off the alarm clock. ‎ A. So as to sleep B. Sleeping C. To sleep D. Having slept Step 2　Sentence structures we are going to learn ‎1.While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car.‎ 溜狗的时候,你很粗心让它松扣了并被车撞了。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)He fell asleep while (he was)doing his homework.他做作业时睡着了。 ‎ ‎2)When (he was)laughed at, he wanted to cry.当他被嘲笑时,他想哭。 ‎ ‎ while walking the dog=while you were walking the dog。本句中while后面省略了主语you和be动词were。由此可见,when或while引导的时间状语从句, 如果从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时,且谓语含有be动词,可省略从句中的主语和be动词。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ While 　　　 in the countryside, he made many friends with the native there. ‎ A. worked B. working C. he works D. he is working ‎2.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)It was yesterday that I met Ann in the street.我是昨天在街上遇见安的。‎ ‎2)It is he who is going to speak at the school meeting.是他要在校会上发言。‎ ‎3)It was in the street that I met my old friend yesterday.昨天我是在街上碰到了我的老朋友。‎ ‎4)Was it you that/who let out the secret to her? 是你把这个秘密泄露给她的吗?‎ ‎ 本句含有It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他成分的强调句型。强调句型可对句中的主语、宾语、表语、状语等进行强调,若强调的是人,后面的that也可用who代替。‎ 如:I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.昨天我在火车站遇到了李明。‎ ‎1)It was I that/who met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.(强调主语)‎ ‎2)It was Li Ming that/ whom I met at the railway station yesterday.(强调宾语)‎ ‎3)It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.(强调状语)‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I don’t mind her criticizing me, but 　　　 is how she does it that I am against. ‎ A.it　　　　　　　　B. that　　　　　　　C. this　　　　　　　D. which ‎2)It is not who is right but what is right 　　　 is of importance. ‎ A. which B.it C. that D. this ‎3....it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face...‎ ‎……这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚……‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)It is the first time that the boy has gone home alone.这是那个男孩第一次单独回家。‎ ‎ 2)This was the fourth time she had rung you in a week.这是她一周内第四次给你打电话。‎ ‎ 3)That will be the tenth time that I have visited Beijing.那将是我第十次参观北京。‎ ‎ It / This / That is the first (second, third...)time that 主语.have/has/had done sth.是一常用句型,意为“某人第一(二、三……)次做某事”。从句中的时态须用完成时态。‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)It’s the first time that he 　　　 (write)a letter in English. ‎ ‎2)—Do you know our town at all?‎ ‎—No, this is the first time I 　　　here. ‎ A. was B.am coming C. came D. have been ‎4.Another time five months ago,I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open.还有一次,就在五个月以前的一个黄昏,我碰巧在楼上,窗户是开着的。‎ ‎【观察思考】‎ ‎1)She happened to be out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。‎ ‎2)You don’t happen to know his name, do you?你不会碰巧知道他的名字吧?‎ ‎3)It happened that she was out when we called.我们打电话时她刚巧不在家。‎ ‎ happen to do sth.= to do or be sth. by chance, 表示“碰巧做某事”,它等于It (so)happened that...。如:‎ I happened to be out when he called.=It so happened that I was out when he called.‎ ‎【知识拓展】‎ happen to do sth.碰巧做某事,偶然做某事 happen to have done 碰巧做过某事 happen to be doing 碰巧正做某事 It (so)happened that... 碰巧 There happens to be... 碰巧有……‎ ‎【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)昨晚我独自在街上漫步时正好碰见了她。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2)碰巧那失火的房子中没有人。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3)她碰巧听说过这个消息。‎ ‎ ‎ 参考答案 ‎ ‎ Step 1‎ ‎1.【归纳总结】动词:1)忽视……,对某事不予理会……　2)佯装未见……,不予理睬……　形容词　无知的　名词　无知 ‎【尝试运用】1)ignored　2)ignorant　 3)ignorance　4)ignores ‎【归纳总结】 平静下来,使某人平静下来;形容词;名词;保持镇定 ‎【尝试运用】1)quiet　2)still　3)silent　4)calm　5)calm ‎2.【归纳总结】 经历,经受;仔细查看;通过;用光　被动 ‎【尝试运用】 1)D　2)C ‎3.【归纳总结】故意地　so as to do sth.　in order not to do sth./so as not to do sth.　目的 ‎【尝试运用】1)in order to attend an important meeting ‎2)C Step 2‎ ‎1.【尝试运用】B ‎2.【尝试运用】1)A　2)C ‎3.【尝试运用】1)has written　2)D ‎4.【尝试运用】‎ ‎1)I happened to meet her in the street last evening when I was walking alone.‎ ‎2)There happened to be nobody in the house on fire.‎ ‎3)She happened to have heard the news.‎ Period 4　语法专题课 Direct Speech and Indirect Speech (Ⅰ)‎ ‎ ‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.Definition.‎ ‎1.　　　　　,叫直接引语。直接引语一般前后要加　　　　。 ‎ ‎2.　　　　　,叫间接引语。间接引语在多数情况下构成　　　　　　从句。 ‎ Ⅱ.Andy said “...”　　　　　　　　　　　　Andy said that....‎ ‎“My parents are very well.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I’m writing a letter to my pen-pal.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I want to go away for a holiday.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“John has given up his job.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I saw Mary in the street.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I have finished homework before supper.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I can’t come to the party on Friday.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎“I will phone you when I get back.” Andy said　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Ⅲ.Conclusion.‎ 时态 Direct Speech Indirect Speech ‎ do ‎ ‎ is doing ‎ ‎ did ‎ ‎ has done ‎ ‎ had done ‎ ‎ will do ‎ ‎ can do ‎ ‎ Direct Speech Indirect Speech 指示代词 this, these ‎ 时间状语 now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month ‎ 地点状语 here ‎ 方向性动词 come, bring, borrow ‎ Note 1:If the reporting verb is in the present or future tense, the tense of the verb in indirect speech is not changed at all.‎ Eg. Jane says, “I’ve read Toni’s book and I don’t understand it.”‎ ‎→ Jane says that　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Ⅳ.Changing an interrogative sentence.‎ ‎ ‎ Ted told Cindy that 　　　　　and　　　　　.He thought that　　　　　　.He was afraid that　　　　　.He was sure that he needed an X-ray. He　　　　　　to Cindy for her help. Cindy asked Ted 　　　　　　and wondered 　　　　(or not).Later, Cindy told Ted 　　　　　and offered him help. At that moment, Cindy thought that the doctor had better see him. She said 　　　　. ‎ Instructions: From this exercise, we know if an interrogative sentence is changed from direct speech into indirect speech,(1)the reporting verb should be changed into ask, inquire, demand or wonder;(2)the indirect question is introduced by the conjunction whether or if, or interrogative pronouns.‎ Ⅴ.Quiz.‎ ‎1)He said to me, “Have you seen my new hat?”‎ He　　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎2)“When will my dress be finished?” she asked.‎ She　　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎3)She asked a policeman, “How far is it to the nearest post office?”‎ She　　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎4)He said, “What’s wrong with Tom? He looks sad.”‎ He said　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 2:If the direct speech states some universal truth, habitual course, historical fact, or things which have not been done at the time of speaking, the verb in indirect speech is always in the present although the reporting verb may be in the past.‎ ‎5)He said, “Light travels much faster than sound.”‎ ‎→He said　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎6)The teacher told us, “A friend in need is a friend indeed”‎ ‎→The teacher told us　　　　　　. ‎ ‎7)The girl said, “I get up at six every morning.”‎ ‎→The girl said　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎8)He said to the doctor, “I smoke two packs every day.”‎ ‎→He　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 3:If there are some adverbials of time in the past in direct speech, it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.‎ ‎9)He said, “When I was a child, I usually played football after school.”‎ ‎→He said　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎10)He said to me, “I was born in 1973.”‎ ‎→He　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎11)Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?” ‎ ‎→Jack　　　　　　　　　. ‎ Note 4:If there is some model verbs in direct speech, such as, must, had better, it is not necessary to make any change in indirect speech.‎ ‎12)The teacher said to me, “You must pay more attention to it.”‎ ‎→The teacher　　　　　　　　　. ‎ ‎13)The doctor said, “You’d better drink plenty of water.” ‎ ‎→The doctor said　　　　　　　　. ‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.Change the following sentences into indirect speech.‎ ‎1.“I am having supper,” he said.‎ He said that 　　　 　　　 having supper. ‎ ‎2.“I’ve seen the film,” Gina said to me.‎ Gina 　　　 me that 　　　 　　　 　　　 the film. ‎ ‎3.“I went home with my sister,” she said.‎ She said that 　　　 　　　 　　　 home with her sister. ‎ ‎4.The teacher said, “The sun is bigger than the moon.”‎ The teacher said that the sun 　　　 bigger than the moon. ‎ ‎5.“I met her yesterday,” he said to me.‎ He told me that he 　　　 　　　 her 　　　 　　　 　　　. ‎ ‎6.“You must come here before five,” he said.‎ He said that I 　　　 to go 　　　 before five. ‎ ‎7.“Were you born in 1979?” he said.‎ He 　　　 me 　　　 I 　　　 born in 1979. ‎ ‎8.He said, “You can sit here,J im.”‎ He 　　　 Jim that he 　　　 　　　 　　　. ‎ ‎9.He asked, “How did you find it, mother?”‎ He asked his mother 　　　 　　　 　　　 　　　 it. ‎ ‎10.“Where have you been these days?” he asked.‎ He asked me 　　　 　　　 　　　 been 　　　 days. ‎ Ⅱ.Change the following sentences into direct speech.‎ ‎1.John said that he had written back telling him about it the day before.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.I said that I would give her some advice the next day.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.He told Mary that she was wasting her time day-dreaming.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.He told her that she had already done her duty.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.They said that they had arrived that morning.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ.Translate the following sentences into English by using indirect speech.‎ ‎1.汤姆说他2009年就加入了俱乐部。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.凯特问我晚上能否陪她看电影。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3.刚才老师说熟能生巧。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.她说等车的时候就把那本书读完了。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5.警察询问那个人前一天晚上他在公园干了什么。‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.Multiple choice.‎ ‎1.John asked me 　　　 to visit his uncle’s farm with him. ‎ A. whether would I like　　‎ B. if would I like　　C. whether I would like　　D. when would I like ‎2.Henry broke the window. I’ll ask him why 　　　　. ‎ A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he had done so ‎3.—What did the teacher say? I didn’t quite follow her.‎ ‎—She asked us whether we 　　　　 to America the next fall. ‎ A. went B. had been C. will go D. would go ‎4.The young man said that his car　　　 stolen and he 　　　 telephone the police. ‎ A.is; would B. had been; would have to C .had been; will have got to D. has; will have to ‎5.The reporter asked the bus driver　　　. ‎ A. how did the accident happen B. how the accident happened C. how was the accident happened D. how the accident was happened ‎6.　　　 get first aid for the injured? ‎ A. Where do you think can I B. Do you think where can I C. Do you think where I can D. Where do you think I can ‎7.Now guess 　　　 for the violin hanging over there. ‎ A. did I how much pay B.I paid how much C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid ‎8.—Do you need some more paper?‎ ‎—No, thanks. I 　　　. ‎ A. still have left some B. have still left some C. have some still left D. still have some left ‎9.You can’t imagine 　　　 when they received these nice Christmas presents. ‎ A. how they were excited B. how excited they were C. how excited were they D. they were how excited ‎10.“Never for a second,” the boy says,“　　　 that my father would come to my rescue.” ‎ A.I doubted B.do I doubt C.I have doubted D.did I doubt ‎11.“Life is like walking in the snow,” Granny used to say,“because every step 　　　.” ‎ A. has shown B.is showing C. shows D. showed ‎12.“The moment 　　　soon,” he thought to himself, waiting nervously. ‎ A. came B. has come C. was coming D.is coming 参考答案 ‎ 感受新知 Ⅰ.1.直接引述别人的原话;引号 ‎2.用自己的话转述别人的话;宾语 Ⅱ.Andy said that...‎ Andy said (that)his parents were very well.‎ Andy said he was writing a letter to his pen-pal.‎ Andy said he wanted to go away for a holiday.‎ Andy said John had given up his job.‎ Andy said he saw / had seen Mary in the street.‎ Andy said he had finished homework before supper.‎ Andy said he couldn’t go to the party on Friday.‎ Andy said he would phone me when he got back.‎ Ⅲ.‎ 时态 Direct Speech Indirect Speech ‎(He said that...)‎ ‎ do did ‎ is doing was doing ‎ did did/had done ‎ has done had done ‎ had done had done ‎ will do would do ‎ can do could do ‎ Direct Speech Indirect Speech 指示代词 this, these that, those 时间状语 now, today this week yesterday last week four days ago the day before yesterday tomorrow next month then, that day that week the day before the week before four days before two days before the next day the next month 地点状语 here there 方向性动词 come, bring, borrow go, take, lend Note 1:Jane says that she has read Toni’s book and she doesn’t understand it.‎ Ⅳ.Ted told Cindy that he had slipped and fallen downstairs and he had hurt himself. He thought that he had hurt his back. He was afraid that he couldn’t get up. He was sure that he needed an X-ray. He showed great thanks to Cindy for her help. Cindy asked Ted what was the matter and wondered whether Ted had hurt himself (or not).Later, Cindy told Ted to stand up and offered him help. At that moment, Cindy thought that the doctor had better see him. She said she would phone Dr. Smith. ‎ Ⅴ.1)He asked me if I had seen his new hat.‎ ‎2)She asked when her dress would be finished.‎ ‎3)She asked a policeman how far it was to the nearest post office.‎ ‎4)He said Tom looked sad and wondered what was wrong with him.‎ ‎5)He said that light travels much faster than sound.‎ ‎6)The teacher told us that a friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ ‎7)The girl said that she gets up at six every morning.‎ ‎8)He told the doctor that he smokes two packs every day.‎ ‎9)He said that when he was a child,he usually played football after school.‎ ‎10)He told me that he was born in 1973.‎ ‎11)Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.‎ ‎12)The teacher told me that I must pay more attention to it.‎ ‎13)The doctor said I’d better drink plenty of water.‎ 巩固运用 Ⅰ.1.he was　2.told;she had seen　3.she had gone　4.is　5.had met; the day before　6.had;there　7.asked;if/whether; was　8.told;could sit there　9.how she had found　10.where I had; those Ⅱ.1.John said,“I have written back telling him about it yesterday.”‎ ‎2.I said, “I will give her some advice tomorrow.”‎ ‎3.He said to Mary, “You are wasting your time day-dreaming.”‎ ‎4.He said to her, “You have already done your duty.”‎ ‎5.They said, “We arrived this morning.”‎ Ⅲ.1.Tom said that he joined that club in 2009.‎ ‎2.Kate asked me if / whether I would go to the cinema with her that evening.‎ ‎3.Just now my teacher said that practice makes perfect.‎ ‎4.She said she had finished reading the book while she was waiting for the bus.‎ ‎5.The policeman asked that man what he had done in the park the night before.‎ Ⅳ.1~5.CBDBB　6~10.DDDBD　11~12.CD 高考试题链接 第二部分　英语知识运用(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　单项填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎21．He not only helped his own family，but he also a helping hand to many other men less fortunate than himself.(2018•启东高二期末)‎ A．brought out B．took out C．gave out D．held out 答案　D 解析　句意为：他不仅帮助自己的家庭，而且还伸出援助之手帮助许多比他不幸的人。bring out带来，使得，显露出；take out取出，拿出；give out发出，分发，用完；hold out伸出手；维持，坚持，分析句子可知选D。‎ ‎22．—Mr Wang is a man of few words，but quick in mind.‎ ‎— ，you know.‎ A．A single flower doesn’t make a spring B．A great talker is a great liar C．A light heart lives long D．A still tongue makes a wise head 答案　D 解析　句意为：——王先生寡言少语但思维敏捷。——你知道：寡言者智。A still tongue makes a wise head.为谚语，意为“寡言者智”。‎ ‎23．—Your lateness today really impressed our interviewer.‎ ‎— ，Mike，and shut up！(2018•江苏启东高二期末)‎ A．You got me B．Never mind C．Do me a favor D．Forgive me 答案　C 解析　句意为：——你今天的迟到确实给我们的面试官留下了深刻的印象。——帮我个忙，迈克，闭嘴！You got me你难住我了；Never mind没关系，不用担心；Do me a favor帮我个忙；Forgive me见谅。C项符合语境。‎ ‎24． ，and you will find him very outgoing.‎ A．Having a talk with Tom B．Given a talk with Tom C．One talk with Tom D．If you have a talk with Tom 答案　C 解析　句意为：和汤姆谈一谈，你会发现他非常外向。此处是“名词短语＋and＋陈述句”，此处的名词短语相当于if引导的条件句。‎ ‎25．It was not long the firefighters arrived at the spot and got the fire in the building under control.‎ A．that B．after C．since D．before 答案　D 解析　句意为：没过多久消防员就赶到了现场，控制住了建筑内的火势。It was not long before...没过多久就……，为固定句型。故选D项。‎ ‎26．The actor’s absurd behavior put an end to the last traces of his fans had for him.‎ A．affection B．motivation C．effect D．expectation 答案　A 解析　句意为：这位男演员荒谬的行为结束了粉丝对他的喜爱。affection喜欢，感染；motivation刺激，激励，动力；effect影响，作用；expectation预期，期望。故选A。‎ ‎27．The beginning of the story is excellent， is the ending， leaves us much to think.‎ A．as；which B．so；that C．as；that D．such；which 答案　A 解析　句意为：这个故事的开头很好，结尾也是，这留给我们很多东西思考。第一空填as，引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中as作表语，也可以理解成as＋be＋主语，表示“……也是”；第二空用which引导非限制性定语从句，which在定语从句中作主语，所以选A。‎ ‎28．Samuel，the tallest boy in our class， easily reach the books on the top shelf.‎ A．must B．should C．can D．need 答案　C 解析　句意为：我们班最高的男孩塞缪尔能轻松地够到顶层架子上的书。此处表示能力，要用can。must必须；should应当，应该；need需要。‎ ‎29．Guangdong Province rolled out new guidelines， offensive nicknames and online violence as school bullying.(2019•南京、盐城一模)‎ A．defining B．defined C．to define D．having defined 答案　A 解析　句意为：广东省出台了新的指导方针，明确规定侮辱性绰号和网络暴力均属于校园欺凌。guidelines与define之间是主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。‎ ‎30．While the house prices in Wuxi keep rising，a lot of houses have been sold out， most were sold to buyers from Shanghai and Suzhou.(2018•无锡模拟)‎ A．in which B．among them C．of which D．of them 答案　C 解析　句意为：尽管无锡的房价一直在涨，许多房子都已经卖光了，大多数卖给了来自上海和苏州的买主。of which most 相当于most of which。which指代houses。‎ 第二节　完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 请阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ ‎(2018•徐州质检)‎ It is important to build confidence in whatever we try to do.Let’s just say that cooking has not 31 been my thing.Many of my friends know that I 32 a lot of meals.When we invited people over they wanted to know if I would be near the kitchen before they would 33 .‎ After one brutal batch of chili，I decided to put some 34 into learning how to cook.I began visiting cooking websites but was discouraged by their lack of pictures and felt 35 .I borrowed a cook book from the library but didn’t have any of the food 36 to make what they were suggesting.‎ ‎ 37 ，I did something that most would think is common sense.I started to read and follow the 38 that most foods provide on the package.Who knew that they would be so 39 ？I never would have improved my cooking skills without trying to get better.Now as much as I would like to say from that point on everything went 40 .Just like learning anything it took a lot of 41 .‎ At first I undercooked the baked chicken.Then I 42 the chicken.Finally，after three attempts，it was edible(可吃的) but I forgot to season(调味) it 43 .Once I made it through those cooking 44 ，I can now bake chicken with the best of them.‎ After I 45 chicken I was on to my next dish，spaghetti.I followed the ways to cook the noodles and got them just right.I added the meat and sauce blend to the noodles and was 46 by how watery everything came out.Oops，I forgot to 47 the noodles.Spaghetti only took 48 tries to get it right.My trial and error helped me start building confidence.‎ When it comes to building confidence there is a(n) 49 that one should follow.Building confidence in life is just like cooking.You have to take the time to learn the 50 before you become successful at it.‎ 语篇解读　文章通过作者在学习做饭过程中不断尝试的经历告诉我们只要我们肯努力，最终一定能够建立自信。‎ ‎31．A.merely B．really C．yet D．always 答案　D 解析　结合主题及第二段中“I decided to put some into learning how to cook.”可知“我”一直都不擅于做饭。merely意为“仅仅，只是”；really意为“实际上”；yet意为“但是”；always意为“总是，一直”。‎ ‎32．A.bought B．cooked C．ruined D．wasted 答案　C 解析　句意为：很多朋友都知道“我”糟蹋过很多饭菜。buy意为“购买”； cook意为“做菜，烹饪”；ruin意为“破坏，毁坏；糟蹋”；waste意为“浪费”。‎ ‎33．A.comment B．complain C．try D．accept 答案　D 解析　句意为：当我们要邀请一些人来的时候，他们想知道这次做饭“我”是否会进厨房，然后再决定是否接受邀请。comment意为“评论”；complain 意为“抱怨”；try意为“尝试”；accept意为“接受”。‎ ‎34．A.time B．money C．attraction D．joy 答案　A 解析　由后文的“learning how to cook”及“visiting cooking websites”可知，“我”决定花些时间学做饭。‎ ‎35．A.aimless B．hopeless C．bored D．worried 答案　C 解析　由前文“was discouraged by their lack of pictures”可推知，“我”非常沮丧，感到无趣(bored)。‎ ‎36．A.crops B．materials C．writers D．suppliers 答案　B 解析　结合语境可知，此处是说“我”没有他们建议做的食物的食材。crop意为“农作物”；material意为“材料，原料”；writer意为“作者”；supplier意为“供应商”。‎ ‎37．A.Confused B．Disappointed C．Relaxed D．Delighted 答案　B 解析　通过前文“was discouraged”“didn’t have any of the food ”可知，作者非常失望。confused意为“困惑的，糊涂的”；disappointed意为“失望的”；relaxed意为“轻松的”；delighted意为“高兴的，欣喜的”。‎ ‎38．A.directions B．examples C．schedules D．descriptions 答案　A 解析　由后文“most foods provide on the package”可知，作者开始阅读很多食物包装袋上的说明。direction意为“指示，说明”；example意为“范例，举例”；schedule意为“进度表”；description意为“描述”。‎ ‎39．A.ambiguous B．accurate C．attractive D．useful 答案　D 解析　句意为：谁知道它们会这么有用呢？ambiguous意为“含糊的”；accurate意为“正确的”；attractive意为“吸引人的”；useful意为“有用的”。‎ ‎40．A.smoothly B．quickly C．wrong D．unexpected 答案　A 解析　由前文“I never would have improved my cooking skills without trying to get better”可知，一切都进展顺利。smoothly意为“顺利地，平稳地”；quickly意为“快速地”；wrong意为“错误的”；unexpected意为“意外的，想不到的”。‎ ‎41．A.courage B．practice C．energy D．effort 答案　B 解析　根据下一段的三次尝试可知，此处说明就像学任何东西一样，学做饭也是需要练习的。courage意为“勇气，胆量”；practice意为“练习，实践”；energy意为“能量”；effort意为“努力”。‎ ‎42．A.boiled B．tasted C．abandoned D．burned 答案　D 解析　由前文“At first I undercooked the baked chicken.”及“after three attempts”可知，第二次“我”把鸡肉烤焦了。boil意为“煮沸”；taste意为“品尝，体验”；abandon意为“放弃，抛弃”；burn意为“燃烧，烧焦”。‎ ‎43．A.gradually B．eventually C．appropriately D．particularly 答案　B 解析　句意为：最后，经过三次尝试鸡肉可以吃了，但是“我”最后忘记调味了。根据语境可知这里表达煮菜的最后一个步骤。gradually意为“逐渐地”；eventually意为“最终地，最后地”；appropriately意为“适当地”；particularly意为“特别地”。‎ ‎44．A.delights B．experiences C．dreams D．classes 答案　B 解析　句意为：曾经那些烹饪的经历让自己把菜做成功了，现在“我”能够做出最好吃的烤鸡。delight意为“高兴，快乐”；experience意为“经历”； dream意为“梦想”；class意为“班级，等级”。‎ ‎45．A.enjoyed B．barbecued C．mastered D．rejected 答案　C 解析　根据前文的“made it”可知，“我”掌握了烤鸡的烹饪技能。enjoy意为“享受”；barbecue意为“烧烤”；master意为“掌握，精通”；reject意为“拒绝”。‎ ‎46．A.upset B．calmed C．shocked D．bothered 答案　C 解析　由后文“how watery everything came out”可知，东西湿湿地出来让作者很吃惊(shocked)。‎ ‎47．A.dry B．fry C．cool D．mix 答案　A 解析　由前文的“watery”可知，“我”忘记把面条弄干了。dry意为“弄干”；fry意为“油炸，油煎”；cool意为“冷却，平息”；mix意为“混合，相容”。‎ ‎48．A.two B．several C．casual D．simple 答案　A 解析　前文烤鸡“after three attempts”，这里用了only意味着比three要少。several意为“几次”；casual意为“随意的”；simple意为“简单的”。‎ ‎49．A.tendency B．arrangement C．agenda D．recipe 答案　D 解析　句意为：当谈到建立自信的时候，要遵照下面的方法。tendency意为“趋势”；arrangement意为“安排”；agenda意为“议事日程”；recipe意为“食谱，处方”。‎ ‎50．A.aims B．procedures C．skills D．rules 答案　C 解析　句意为：生活中建立自信就像烹饪一样，在成功之前你必须花时间去学习技能。aim意为“目标”；procedure意为“程序”；skill意为“技能，技巧”；rule意为“规则”。‎ 第三部分　阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节　(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Driving Offence Points System What is Driving Offence Points System?‎ After the introduction of this system，certain traffic offences will earn the driver points besides other punishments.If a driver makes any of these offences，the points will be recorded.When the driver gets a certain number of points，he will be forbidden to drive for a certain amount of time.‎ What are the purposes of this system?‎ This is a system designed to make road much safer.It can improve standards of driving and reduce the accident rates.‎ Which traffic offences will result in Driving Offence Points?‎ Of course，not all traffic offences are covered by this system.Only those that have direct effect on road safety are included.There are altogether fourteen items.‎ Code Offence Point ‎1 Causing death by dangerous driving 10‎ ‎2 Dangerous driving 10‎ ‎3 Careless driving 5‎ ‎4 Driving after drinking or taking drugs 10‎ ‎5 Driving over speed limit 3‎ ‎6 Driving in a motor rave on the road 10‎ ‎7 Failing to stop after an accident 3‎ ‎8 Failing to give information after an accident 3‎ ‎9 Failing to report an accident 3‎ ‎10 Failing to obey directions of police officers 3‎ ‎11 Crossing double white lines 3‎ ‎12 Failing to obey traffic signals 3‎ ‎13 Failing to give way to walkers at a crosswalk Failing to stop for people walking 3‎ ‎14 Failing to stop at school crossing 3‎ ‎　　‎ What will happen if you have got up to 10 points?‎ If you have got 10 points or above，but still less than 15 points，you will receive a warning letter from the Transport Department.This letter will tell your recode of Driving Offence Points and remind you of the result of getting more points.It is hoped that this warning will change your driving behavior for the better.‎ What will happen if you have got 15 points?‎ If you have got 15 points or more within two years，a court will take away your driving license.The first time you are found guilty you will not be able to drive for three months，but if you are caught a second time you will not be able to drive for six months.‎ 语篇解读　本文主要介绍了驾驶违规制度中的一些处罚措施。‎ ‎51．A drunk man drove through a red light and drove very fast.How many points will he get?‎ A．6 points. B．19 points.‎ C．12 points. D．16 points.‎ 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据记分制度第4项可知，酒驾扣10分；根据第5项可知，超速扣3分；根据第12项可知，闯红灯扣3分，一共16分。故选D。‎ ‎52．What will happen to you if you have got 18 points for the first time?‎ A．You will get a warning letter from the Transport Department.‎ B．Your driving license won’t be taken away.‎ C．You will have to give up driving for 3 months.‎ D．You won’t be defined as guilty.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。根据最后一段“If you have got 15 points or more within two years，a court will take away your driving license.The first time you are found guilty you will not be able to drive for three months...”可知，当你第一次被计满18分时，你就会被禁驾三个月。故选C。‎ B Soda(苏打汽水), while sweet and inexpensive, may not be worth drinking.Sugary drinks can have many bad health effects, including a 26% greater risk of diabetes(糖尿病) for regular soda drinkers.And men drinking one can of sugary drinks per day have a 20% higher risk of having or dying from a heart attack than those who rarely drink them.The health effects of drinking soda also affect pre-school children, heightening their chances of becoming obese at a very young age.According to Harvard School of Public Health, one in three children in America are obese or overweight, and childhood obesity has tripled(增至三倍) in the last 30 years.Should government get people to reduce their drinking of soda and sugary drinks due to health effects?‎ People in San Francisco were given the opportunity to voice their opinion on Proposition E, which suggested a soda tax(税)．The tax, which needed to pass with a two-thirds majority, would have provided money for health and physical education programs, and the hope was that it would also discourage citizens from buying unhealthy drinks.Although San Francisco’s Proposition E failed to be passed，‎ Berkeley citizens succeeded in passing the nation’s first ever sugary drink tax on their similar Measure D.‎ People who were for the tax hoped that the price of sugary drinks would discourage people from buying them.Mexico recently introduced a tax on drinks, which, though not well received by the public, was successful in reducing the amount of soda bought.After the tax was put into effect, Mexico’s biggest soda production company’s sales dropped by 6.4%.‎ People who were against the tax were concerned about their right to buy whatever drinks they wanted, without any additional taxes.Those who also disagreed were the market, the bar, and soda industries, which would possibly lose money from reduced sales of these drinks because of the added cost.And although the Proposition E tax money was supposed to go to city-operated programs, some citizens were doubtful about how well this plan would have been carried out.‎ 语篇解读　本文是议论文。饮用碳酸饮料对健康有很多不利的影响，政府是否应该向碳酸饮料征税呢？‎ ‎53．Harvard School of Public Health found that in America .‎ A．soda drinkers doubled in recent 30 years B．26% of children are suffering from diabetes C．the number of obese children has increased greatly D．young soda drinkers often suffer from heart attacks 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第一段中的“one in three children in America are obese or overweight, and childhood obesity has tripled(增至三倍) in the last 30 years”可知，哈佛公共卫生学院发现美国有三分之一的儿童肥胖或超重，而在过去的三十年中，肥胖儿童的数量增长了三倍。‎ ‎54．What do we know about Proposition E?‎ A．San Francisco citizens accepted it.‎ B．It was passed successfully in Berkeley.‎ C．It aimed to reduce the sales of sugary drinks.‎ D．It was meant to raise money for poor children.‎ 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由第二段中的“the hope was that it would also discourage citizens from buying unhealthy drinks”可知，对碳酸饮料征税，其目的是为了劝人们不要购买不健康的饮料。‎ ‎55．According to the text, the tax in Mexico .‎ A．helped prevent people buying sugary drinks B．greatly reduced the production of soda drinks C．received a warm welcome from the local citizens D．forced many soda production companies to close down 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由倒数第二段中的“was successful in reducing the amount of soda bought...sales dropped by 6.4%”可知，墨西哥实施的饮料税收成功降低了碳酸饮料的销量(即帮助阻止人们购买含糖饮料)。‎ C There’s an old saying that laughter is the best medicine.No matter whether it’s caused by a good joke，a cute child，or a pie in the face of a comedian，the simple act of laughing offers medical benefits.Laughter has been shown to reduce stress and help people lose weight.It’s a special tonic(滋补品) for old people，who are prone to loneliness and sad thoughts.‎ In fact，in more than 1,000 American communities，and a couple thousand more around the world，entire clubs have been formed.US clubs have names like “Ha-Ha Spa”，“Granite State Giggles(傻笑)” and “Judy’s Joyful Laughter Club”．‎ The idea started in India，where laughing is an oral yoga(瑜伽) exercise using discipline and power.‎ Laughter is certainly contagious.Only a determined grouch (好抱怨或发牢骚的人) could avoid at least smiling when others around him are laughing till it hurts.That’s why members of laughing clubs don’t just get together to howl with laughter themselves.They meet on street corners，in train stations，and in other public places，laugh their fool heads off，and invite everyone around them to join in.‎ Laughing clubs have become so popular that one can even get training as a “certified laughing leader”．And the key qualification？You have to be really good at these，chortling，chuckling，howling，snickering，cackling，tittering，giggling and sniggering.‎ 语篇解读　本文为说明文，主要讲述了欢笑对人的身心所产生的良好影响。‎ ‎56．The following are the benefits offered by laughing EXCEPT .‎ A．benefiting old people B．reducing pressure C．helping people keep fit D．helping people have a good appetite 答案　D 解析　细节理解题。根据第一段“...reduce stress and help people lose weight.It’s a special tonic(滋补品) for old people...”可知A、B、C三项是欢笑所带来的好处，D项文中没有提到。‎ ‎57．Why do members of laughing clubs meet in public places instead of in private rooms?‎ A．Because they want to cause others to laugh.‎ B．Because they want to show off their special skills.‎ C．Because they would like people to share their happiness.‎ D．Because they need large space to laugh.‎ 答案　A 解析　细节理解题。由第四段“Laughter is certainly contagious.”可知这些人在公共场所聚会的目的是要把欢笑传递给别人。‎ ‎58．The following words “chortling，chuckling，howling，snickering，cackling，tittering，giggling and sniggering” are .‎ A．conditions of a laughing leader B．manners you must follow when laughing C．all forms of laughing D．tips of laughter 答案　C 解析　推理判断题。由画线部分前一句“You have to be really good at these...”中的these很明显指的是各种各样的“笑”。‎ ‎59．Which of the following is the best title?‎ A．Laughter Is More and More Popular in the USA B．Laughter Is Linked to Health and Happiness C．How We Laugh?‎ D．Laughing，an Oral Yoga Exercise 答案　B 解析　标题归纳题。根据主题句“There’s an old saying that laughter is the best medicine.”可知本文主要讲欢笑对人的身心所产生的良好影响。故B项最佳。‎ D I was always an overweight kid.Whenever I told my family about dreams of becoming a policewoman，they would say，“Well，you’re going to have to lose some weight if you want to do that.” I knew they were right，and I felt ashamed of my body.But as time went on，I didn’t lose weight—I gained it.‎ At thirty-three，I was five feet two inches tall and weighed over 300 pounds.Needless to say，I hadn’t become a police officer.And of course，there was no way I could.I was too old，too heavy—it was too ridiculous to ever consider.But deep down，it was really what I wanted to do.Whenever I saw a cop，I felt the same longing I’d had as a child.‎ One day I looked into the mirror，and I truly saw myself as I was—a person with a good heart，with worthy dreams，who had given up on herself.I faced the woman in the mirror and asked，“How will you ever know what you can do if you don’t try？”‎ I decided to go for it.I took the first step：the civil service exam.But test-taking has never been a strength of mine，and I failed.While it is possible to join the police force without passing the civil service exam，it is decidedly more difficult.It would have been easy to give up then，but I was determined to pursue my dream.‎ So，I contacted the police department in my community；I told the chief of police about my desire to join the force，and he asked to meet with me.I was very nervous about the face-to-face meeting.I kept reminding myself that what mattered was my sincerity，and my belief in myself.Still，I was consumed with fear and thought：he’ll take one look at me and then politely tell me，“Don’t call us.We’ll call you！”‎ But it didn’t happen that way at all.He simply accepted me，inviting me to join the police auxiliary group.‎ I had to set a uniform.Anticipating this task unnerved me.‎ Finally，I summoned enough courage to act.With sweaty palms，I tried on uniforms，but I couldn’t find any that fit me.Eventually I had to go to a tailor and have a uniform altered.How uncomfortable this was for me.While the tailor，an older man，was measuring and tucking my uniform，I could feel the temperature rising in the dressing room.I was consumed with humiliation.‎ Soon the chief recommended me for the thirteen-week training program at the North East Regional Police Institute.This school was demanding，both academically and physically.You had to learn criminal law，take CPR exams and learn to use handcuffs(手铐)．‎ But the day I’d been dreaming finally arrived.Working in pairs，we were going to learn how to use handcuffs.I pretended not to notice when I was the last one to be chosen as a partner.Then one person put his hands behind his back，while the partner received instructions on how to handcuff the other’s wrists together.The instructor walked around，checking out each team and commenting on them in front of the entire class.Because of my size，I couldn’t get my wrists together the right way so that my partner could handcuff me.The instructor was making his way over to us，and I was so anxious that the sweat was pouring down my face.I could tell my partner was uncomfortable，too，as he tried his best to coach me on ways to get my wrists closer.I prayed to somehow become invisible.But the instructor didn’t pass over us.Instead，he pointed out our problem to the entire class.‎ I made it through the thirteen weeks.Although test-taking and risk-taking were my constant companions，I passed all final exams with flying colors.‎ ‎“How are you going to know what you can do until you try？” has become my motto.Since that time，I have let myself dream freely and pursue the dreams that really move me.It is truly amazing what you can do—if you’ll only try.‎ 语篇解读　本文通过讲述作者曾经想要放弃追逐梦想，但最终还是克服心理障碍进行了尝试。所以得出的道理是：只有通过不断尝试，我们才能发现自己能跨越原先认为不能逾越的障碍。‎ ‎60．Why was the author nervous when the chief of police asked to meet with her?‎ A．The author didn’t pass the civil service exam.‎ B．The author’s family didn’t support her in going for the dream.‎ C．The author felt anxious about being refused due to her obesity.‎ D．The author was afraid of being made fun of by the chief.‎ 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第五段中的“I was very nervous about the face-to-face meeting.”和该段最后一句可知，作者担心自己在面试时会因为过度肥胖而被社区警官拒绝。故选C项。‎ ‎61．How did the author feel when the old tailor was measuring and tucking her uniform?‎ A．Ashamed. B．Delighted.‎ C．Astonished. D．Pitiful.‎ 答案　A 解析　推理判断题。由第八段中的“I could feel the temperature rising in the dressing room.I was consumed with humiliation.”可推断，作者因为身材肥胖不得不到裁缝店修改制服并为此感到羞愧。故选A项。‎ ‎62．Which of the following statements is NOT true?‎ A．The author didn’t manage to lose weight despite her dream.‎ B．While the author was good at tests，she didn’t pass the civil service exam.‎ C．The author succeeded in passing the interview with the chief of police.‎ D．The author felt uneasy right after knowing she had to wear a uniform.‎ 答案　B 解析　细节理解题。由第四段中的“But test-taking has never been a strength of mine，and I failed.”可知，考试从来不是作者擅长的，所以她失败了。故选B项。‎ ‎63．In the handcuffing training session， .‎ A．the author didn’t notice that nobody was willing to be her partner B．the instructor gave instructions on how to put hands behind one’s back C．the author and her partner were both anxious as the instructor approached D．the instructor didn’t give comments on the author’s performance 答案　C 解析　细节理解题。由第十段中的倒数第四、五句可知，当教练向我们走来时，我和我的同伴都感到不安。故选C项。‎ ‎64．What does the underlined phrase “flying colors” in the last but one paragraph mean?‎ A．Extreme difficulty.‎ B．Complete success.‎ C．Unfavorable comments.‎ D．Little progress.‎ 答案　B 解析　词义猜测题。由本段中的“I made it through the thirteen weeks.”可推知，作者以完美的成绩通过了十三周的训练课程。故选B项。‎ ‎65．What can we learn from the story?‎ A．You never know until you try.‎ B．It’s never too old to go for a dream.‎ C．Try your best and don’t care about others.‎ D．Opportunity is open to those well prepared for it.‎ 答案　A 解析　主旨大意题。通读全文可发现，文章多处提及作者想要放弃追逐梦想，但最终还是克服心理障碍进行了尝试。只有通过不断尝试，我们才能发现自己能跨越原先认为不能逾越的障碍。故选A项。‎ 第二节　(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Sometimes，you may “hate” poetry and fear to analyze a poem. 66 ‎ Select the poem carefully.In a poem analysis，you will generally be given a selection of two or three poems.You must pick one to analyze.Be careful. 67 Sometimes the shorter poems are very difficult poems.Often，longer poems are more like stories.‎ Research the poet.There will be research already performed on the poet you’ve selected. 68 Often the poet’s personal life has a direct effect on his or her works.‎ Research the poem.If you are analyzing a poem，it is probably quite well-known.Research and read about the poem.Other literary criticism(文学评论) can help you in your analysis. 69 You must come up with a new thought and a new analysis for the poem.Simply copying someone else’s ideas will not be enough.‎ ‎ 70 Your outline should consist of an introduction，a thesis statement(论点)，three pieces of analysis，and a conclusion to bring it all together.Put these basic sentences into an outline structure，which will make the writing of the paper much easier.‎ A．Create an outline.‎ B．Communicate with other readers first.‎ C．Here are some tips that help you analyze a poem.‎ D．However，remember not to copy，or ignore the original poem.‎ E．Many students select short poetry as their preference for analysis.‎ F．Read about the poet’s life，history and style as you begin your analysis.‎ G．Become familiar with the different poem structures before you finish the analysis.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了分析诗歌的几种方法。‎ ‎66．答案　C 解析　下文谈及了分析诗歌的几种方法，所以选择C项，起承上启下的作用。‎ ‎67．答案　E 解析　根据下文的内容可知，有时短诗是非常难的诗，长诗则更像故事。所以空处的内容与诗歌的长短相关。故选E。‎ ‎68．答案　F 解析　空后的“Often the poet’s personal life has a direct effect on his or her works.”告诉我们，通常诗人的生平对他或她的作品有着直接的影响。所以你在进行分析之前要查阅这个诗人的生平、历史和风格。故选F。‎ ‎69．答案　D 解析　根据空后的两句可知，你需要对诗有新的想法和新的分析，只抄袭别人的想法是不够的。所以空处告诉我们，别去抄袭或者忽略原诗。故选D。‎ ‎70．答案　A 解析　根据空后的“Your outline should consist of an introduction，a thesis statement(论点)，three pieces of analysis，and a conclusion to bring it all together.”可知，你的大纲应该包括一个引言、一个论点、三条分析，还要有一个结论把它们整合起来。空处与大纲有关，故选A。‎ 第四部分　语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Paper-cutting is popular around the globe.But only the Chinese paper-cutting 71 (list) in the UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage Lists in 2009.It was recognised and listed because it has a long history and it represents cultural values of the people throughout China.‎ Since the Eastern Han Dynasty in China，paper became more affordable，and paper-cutting became one of the most important 72 (type) of Chinese folk art.Later， 73 different regions adopting their own cultural styles，this art form spread to other parts of the world. 74 (usual)，the artworks are made of red paper，as red is associated with 75 (happy) in Chinese culture，but other colours are also used.‎ With 76 (it) long history，paper-cutting， 77 is a traditional part of Chinese culture，has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people.People put up paper-cuts on walls，windows and doors at wedding ceremonies or festivals 78 (strengthen) the cheerful atmosphere.‎ Chinese paper-cuts are rich in content.The auspicious(吉祥的) designs symbolise good luck and the avoidance of evil.The child，lotus(莲花) and bat designs suggest a family with 79 large number of children and grandchildren.Birds，livestock，fruit，fish and insects are also familiar objects 80 (accept) by Chinese farmers.In a word，paper-cuts used on different occasions have different meanings.‎ 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国剪纸这一民间艺术。‎ ‎71．答案　was listed 解析　句意为：但只有中国剪纸在2009年被联合国教科文组织列入非物质文化遗产名录。根据本句中的时间状语in 2009可知，事情发生在过去；且list与the Chinese paper-cutting之间为被动关系，因此应用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was listed。‎ ‎72．答案　types 解析　“one of＋the＋形容词最高级＋名词的复数形式”为固定结构，意为“最……的……之一”。type是可数名词，意为“种类”。故填types。‎ ‎73．答案　with 解析　句意为：后来，随着不同地区采用各自的文化风格，这种艺术形式传播到世界的其他地方。设空处所在部分作状语，表示伴随，故填with，构成“with＋宾语＋宾补”结构。‎ ‎74．答案　Usually 解析　句意为：通常情况下，这些艺术作品用红纸制成，因为在中华文化中红色与幸福联系在一起。此处修饰整个句子应用副词作状语。故填Usually。‎ ‎75．答案　happiness 解析　介词with后跟名词作宾语。be associated with sth.意为“与某事/某物有关”。故填happiness。‎ ‎76．答案　its 解析　修饰名词应用形容词性物主代词。故填its。‎ ‎77．答案　which 解析　由is和has可判断本句为主从复合句，主句为paper-cutting has been very popular among the ordinary Chinese people，而“ is a traditional part of Chinese culture”是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词paper-cutting，关系词代指paper-cutting，在定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导。‎ ‎78．答案　to strengthen 解析　句意为：人们在婚礼或节日时把剪纸贴在墙上或门窗上，以增强欢快的气氛。句子谓语动词为put up，因此设空处填strengthen的非谓语动词形式。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故填to strengthen。‎ ‎79．答案　a 解析　a number of为固定搭配，意为“许多，大量”。故填a。‎ ‎80．答案　accepted 解析　设空处填非谓语动词形式作定语，accept与所修饰词objects之间是被动关系，应用过去分词。故填accepted。‎ 第五部分　书面表达(满分25分)‎ ‎(2019•南京、盐城一模)‎ 请认真阅读下面的图文信息，并按要求用英语写一篇 150词左右的文章。 ‎ ‎ ‎ Sports classes are very important to students’ health and overall well-being.The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention stated that over the past three years obesity in children and adolescents has doubled because of diet and lack of activity.‎ A recent survey by the China Youth Daily showed that 64.7 percent of the 2,003 respondents found sports classes in middle schools unsatisfactory.‎ The government has begun to address the problem.According to a guideline on high school entrance exam reform released by the Ministry of Education in 2016，scores of physical education will be considered in enrollment for senior high schools.‎ ‎ 写作内容 ‎ ‎1．用约 30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2．结合上述信息，简要分析目前中学体育课上得不够好的原因；‎ ‎3．就如何改进目前中学体育课现状提出你的建议(不少于两点)。‎ ‎ 写作要求 ‎ ‎1．写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2．作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3．不必写标题。 ‎ ‎ 评分标准 ‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ ‎ 参考范文 ‎ Critical as sports classes are to students，approximately two thirds of the respondents of a recent survey are dissatisfied with them.Luckily，some measures have been taken to address them.‎ The reasons behind this are various.To begin with，schools and even some parents are indifferent to sports classes，which makes it possible for other classes to occupy sports classes.Besides，students are burdened with great academic stress，leaving them inadequate time for sports.Furthermore，imperfect sports facilities also lead to students’ low level of participation.‎ Something must be done to improve the situation.First of all，the government should allocate funds to improve facilities for sports.Also，schools are expected to ease the academic burden on students and allow them to have more time to rest and develop their interest in sports.Meanwhile，professional sports teachers are supposed to be employed to ensure that students have adequate sports classes.‎