【英语】2018届人教版必修1Friendship单元学案设计（12页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修1Friendship单元学案设计（12页）

‎2018届人教版必修1Friendship 单元学案设计 话题阅读 ‎（一）What is friendship?什么是友谊？‎ When it rains, I think friendship is a small umbrella.‎ 下雨时，友谊是一把小小的雨伞，‎ It can give me a piece of clear sky.‎ 给我一片晴空。‎ When I’m crying, I think friendship is a white handkerchief.‎ 哭泣时，友谊是一条洁白的手帕，‎ It can wipe my tears dry.‎ 擦干我的眼泪。‎ When I’m sad, I think friendship is a warm word.‎ 伤心时，友谊是一句温暖的话语，‎ It can bring me happiness again.‎ 使我破涕为笑。‎ When I’m in trouble, I think friendship is a very wonderful feeling.‎ 困境中，友谊是一种非常奇妙的感觉，‎ It can’t be pulled and torn, because it is in everyone’s heart.‎ 拉不走，撕不破，因为它在我们所有人的心中，‎ It is there from the beginning to the end of our lives.‎ 自始至终。‎ ‎（二）The Value of Friendship友谊的价值 ‎　　Without friendship, one can not be happy though he is well off. Friendship is one of the greatest pleasures that people can enjoy. It is very difficult to find a better definition of friendship than given by the philosopher Aristotle in these words: ＂Two bodies inhabited by one soul. ＂True friends find pleasure in each other's joy and ‎ share sorrow in each other's grief. In times of trial, they will offer their help without hesitation.‎ ‎　　Since friendship is so valuable, we should be eager to find friends. We must choose those who have very good character, superior ability and kind heart. On the other hand, we should avoid those shallow people who can be easily estranged by adversity or misfortune. Of course, we must endeavouer at the same time to cultivate all those good qualities in ourselves, so that we will be true friends of others. Such friendship will never be broken up, because the foundation on which it is set up is quite firm and strong.‎ ‎　　没有友谊，一个人尽管富有，他绝不可能幸福。友谊是人们享有的最大乐趣之一，很难找到一个比哲学家亚里士多德关于友谊所给出的更好的定义：＂生有一个灵魂的两个躯体。＂真正的朋友同甘共苦。在考验面前，他们会毫不犹豫地给予帮助。‎ ‎　　既然友谊这样有价值，我们应当急于找一些朋友。我们必须选择那些具有良好的品质、卓越的能力和心地善良的人。另一方面，我们应避开那些遇到逆境或不幸很容易疏远的肤浅的人。当然，我们必须同时努力培养我们自身的良好品质，以便成为他人的真正朋友。这种友情不会破裂，因为建立这种友谊的基础是相当牢固的。‎ 五年高考真题 I.阅读理解 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 结交新朋友成为写作素材 ‎320‎ ‎★★☆☆☆‎ ‎7分钟 ‎（2016·新课标卷III，阅读理解B）On one of her trips to New York several years ago, Eudora Welty decided to take a couple of New York friends out to dinner. They settled in at a comfortable East Side cafe and within minutes, another customer was approaching their table.‎ ‎＂Hey, aren’t you from Mississippi?＂ the elegant, white-haired writer remembered being asked by the stranger. ＂I’m from Mississippi too.＂‎ Without a second thought, the woman joined the Welty party. When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair.‎ ‎＂They began telling me all the news of Mississippi,＂ Welty said. ＂I didn’t know what my New York friends were thinking.＂‎ Taxis on a rainy New York night are rarer than sunshine. By the time the group got up to leave, it was pouring outside. Welty’s new friends immediately sent a waiter to find a cab. Heading back downtown toward her hotel, her big-city friends were amazed at the turn of events that had changed their Big Apple dinner into a Mississippi.‎ ‎＂My friends said: ‘Now we believe your stories,’＂ Welty added. ＂And I said: ‘Now you know. These are the people that make me write them.’＂‎ Sitting on a sofa in her room, Welty, a slim figure in a simple gray dress, looked pleased with this explanation.‎ ‎＂I don’t make them up,＂ she said of the characters in her fiction these last 50 or so years. ＂I don’t have to.＂‎ Beauticians, bartenders, piano players and people with purple hats, Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus. It annoys Welty that, at 78, her left ear has now given out. Sometimes, sitting on a bus or a train, she hears only a fragment(片段) of a particularly interesting story.‎ ‎5.What happened when Welty was with her friends at the cafe?‎ A. Two strangers joined her. ‎ B. Her childhood friends came in.‎ ‎ C. A heavy rain ruined the dinner.‎ D. Some people held a party there.‎ ‎6. The underlined word ＂them＂ in Paragraph 6 refers to Welty’s.‎ A. readers B. parties C. friends D. stories ‎7. What can we learn about the characters in Welty’s fiction?‎ ‎ A. They live in big cities. ‎ B. They are mostly women.‎ ‎ C. They come from real life. ‎ D. They are pleasure seekers. ‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍了美国著名女作家Eudora在纽约通过晚餐结交了新朋友，并成为了他的写作素材。5. A 【解析】考查细节理解。第三段中的 ＂the woman＂指的是第二段中的那个陌生人,根据第三段中的＂When her dinner partner showed up, she also pulled up a chair＂可知,陌生女子的晚餐伙伴也加入了她们的行列中,故有两个陌生人加入到了Welty和朋友的晚餐中。‎ ‎6.D 【解析】考查代词指代。画线词所在句＂These are the people that make me write them＂的主语These指的就是像那两位陌生人那样的人,换言之,这些新朋友就成了Welty笔下的写作素材,这些人就是让她写小说的人,故them指的是＂小说＂。‎ ‎【试题分析】这是一篇有关朋友的话题，两个陌生人加入到了Welty和朋友的晚餐中，逐渐陌生人也成了他们的朋友。话题来自教材人教版必修1Unit Friendship。因此要依托教材话题展开广泛阅读，扩大了知识面，也会扩大词汇量，对于解答高考试题就会游刃有余。‎ ‎7.C 【解析】考查推理判断。根据＂I don’t make them up＂和＂Welty’s people come from afternoons spent visiting with old friends, from walks through the streets of her native Jackson, Miss., from conversations overheard on a bus.＂可知，Welty小说里的人物并非虚构的，他们都来源于现实的生活，故选C。‎ II.完形填空 Cloze 1‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 记叙文 邻里关系 ‎443‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎18分钟 ‎（2015·北京完形填空）A Welcome Gift Dario and his mother loved their new apartment. The living room was large enough for their piano. That night, the two of them 36 side by side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. The loud 37 filled the room and made them feel very happy.‎ The next morning, 38 , their happiness disappeared. Someone had left a 39 under their door during the night. One of their neighbor had written to complain(抱怨) about the sound of the piano. Dario’s mother asked the building superintendent(管理员) if he knew anything about it. But he said that they were all 40 people and he couldn’t imagine any of them had done that. Later that morning, Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41 and apologize for their playing.‎ ‎＂Maybe we could go and 42 everyone in person.＂ his mother said.‎ ‎＂What if we invited them to come here for a 43 instead? Dario asked.‎ They both loved the 44 . Over the next few days, they sent out invitations and prepared desserts 45 their guests. They decorated the apartment with streamers(彩带) and party lights.‎ Finally, the day of the party 46 . Some guests brought presents. Others brought flowers. Some even brought desserts to 47 . One woman, Mrs. Gilbert, 48 Dario’s mother with a book of piano music by Chopin.‎ ‎＂I heard you playing the other night,＂ she said. ＂The sounds woke me out of bed. I 49 that you might play like this every night. So I wrote a short note. I hope you don’t think I disliked the playing.＂‎ Dario’s mother smiled at Mrs. Gilbert. ＂I think maybe we 50 you an apology.＂ she said. ＂I didn’t 51 how late it was when we were playing. Maybe we should play some quieter music at night.‎ ‎＂You play, you play!＂ Mrs. Gilbert said. ＂I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.＂She pointed to the book she had given them. ＂These songs are not such 52 music.＂‎ ‎＂These songs are beautiful music.＂ Dario’s mother said. ＂We will be 53 to play them in the evening.＂‎ ‎＂And we won’t play so loud or late!＂ Dario said. He was already looking forward to 54 the new music. More than that, however, he was happy to see the big smile on his mother’s face. It gave him a feeling of 55 and made him feel that they were home at last.‎ ‎36. A. sat B. stood C. lay D. walked ‎37.A. voice B. ring C. music D. cry ‎38.A. therefore B. however C. otherwise D. instead ‎39.A. note B. poster C. bill D. report ‎40.A. proud B. rich C. lucky D. nice ‎41.A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. audience ‎42.A. blame B. instruct C. question D. visit ‎43.A. party B. concert C. show D. play ‎44.A. experience B. idea C. performance D. action ‎45.A. to B. with C. for D. from ‎46.A. continued B. arrived C. passed D. finished ‎47.A. order B. sell C. share D. advertise ‎48.A. treated B. presented C. helped D. served ‎49. A. promised B. admitted C. agreed D. worried ‎50. A. give B. send C. offer D. owe ‎51. A. realize B. remember C. understand D. accept ‎52. A. sweet B. strange C. funny D. loud ‎53. A. brave B. sorry C. happy D. afraid ‎54. A. changing B. practicing C. recording D. writing ‎55. A. equality B. freedom C. warmth D. sympathy ‎【文章大意】文章讲述了一对母子搬入新家，非常高兴，在深夜弹钢琴庆祝，却打扰了邻居。邻居留言抱怨投诉，母子积极回应，为邻居办了一场派对来缓和邻里关系，从而得到了邻居的谅解。‎ ‎36.A 考查动词辨析。根据后文内容在钢琴旁边弹琴的环 节 可知，应是坐在钢琴旁边弹奏。sit坐，符合题意。‎ ‎37.C 考查名词辨析。考查前文细节jazz music的原词复现，是音乐充满了房间。故选C。‎ ‎38.B 考查副词辨析。通关上一段的欢乐幸福气氛和下文的幸福一下子disappeared的强烈对比可知，此处需要一个转折副词。故选B。however然而。‎ ‎39. A 考查名词辨析。A. note笔记；B. poster海报；C. bill账单；D. report报告。本题是一道同义词复现题，通过文章倒数第5段处得知，是由Mrs.Gilbert留了一张字条，故选A。‎ ‎40. D 考查形容词辨析。A. proud骄傲的，自豪的；B. rich富裕的；C. lucky幸运的；D. nice美好的，愉快的。主人公想向管理员咨询，哪一位邻居可能是那位留言的抱怨者，由转折词But可知管理者也并不能指出，由此可知大家通常都是通情达理的，故选D。‎ ‎41. A 考查名词辨析。A. neighbors邻居们；B. friends朋友们；C. relatives亲属，亲戚；D. audiences听众。此题线索明显，全文都是围绕主人公和周围邻居展开的，故选A。‎ ‎42. D 考查动词辨析。A. blame归咎于，指责；B. instruct通知，命令；C. question询问，质问；D. visit参观，拜访。由上文可知，母子两人对于扰民之事十分抱歉，想要去道歉，因此＂指责＂、＂指导＂和＂质问＂都不符合语境，故选D。‎ ‎43. A 考查名词辨析。A. party聚会；B. concert音乐会；C. show展览；D.play游戏，比赛。此题为线索题且为原词复现，由后文可知母子为解决此事办了一场派对，并邀请了邻居们，故选A。‎ ‎44. B 考查名词辨析。A. experience经历，经验；B. idea主意；C. performance表演；D. action行为。此题可排除得知，母子打算办派对，这是一个打算，一个主意，而不是经历、表演表现或行为。故选B。‎ ‎45. C 考查介词辨析。A. to到；B. with伴随着；for为了；D. from来自。‎ 母子办派对，准备了甜点是为了招待客人们，介词for有表＂为了＂的含义，故选C。‎ ‎46.B 考查动词辨析。A. continue继续；B. arrive到达；C. pass通过；D. finish完成。根据上文，他们举办了一次聚会，准备许久，这一天终于到来了，故选B。‎ ‎47.C 考查动词辨析。A. order命令，点菜；B. sell买；C. share分享；D. advertise做广告。根据本句话的意思：甚至有人带了甜点来分享，故选C。‎ ‎48.B 考查动词辨析。句意：Mrs. Gibert送给了Dario的妈妈一本音乐书，能表达出＂送＂这个动作，只有present（呈现……，给……）,故选B。‎ ‎49.D 考查动词辨析。 根据句意，Mrs. Gilbert之所以六了一张抱怨的小纸条是担心每天晚上会这么吵，故选D。worried担心的。‎ ‎50.D 考查动词辨析。owe sb. an apology应该向某人道歉，是固定用法。‎ ‎51. A 考查动词辨析。A. realize意识到；B. remember记起；C. understand 理解，懂的；D. accept 接受。Dario的妈妈道歉说：我也没意识到当时那么晚了我们还在弹钢琴。应该选择＂意识到＂这个动词，故选A。‎ ‎52. D 考查形容词辨析。A. sweet甜的；B. strange奇怪的，陌生的；C. funny滑稽的；D. loud 声音大的，吵闹的。根据上一句：I like what you play! Just not so loud at night.说明Mrs. Gilbert 不喜欢那么吵的音乐，因此她送了Dario的妈妈一本比较安静的音乐书，也就是不那么吵的音乐(not such loud music)。故选D。‎ ‎53. C 考查形容词辨析。A. brave勇敢的；B. sorry抱歉的；C. happy快乐的；D. afraid害怕的。通过上文：These songs are beautiful music, 说明Dario的妈妈很喜欢这些音乐，所以we will be happy to play them。故选C。‎ ‎54. B 考查动词辨析。A. change变化；B. practice 练习，实践；C. record记录；D. write写作。根据题意，应该是练习音乐，故选B。‎ ‎55．C 考查名词辨析。A. quality品质；B. freedom自由；C. warmth温暖；D. sympathy同情心。看本句话后半部分：and made him feel that they were home at last. 如在家中一样，那就应该感受到了温暖，故选C。‎ Cloze 2‎ 体裁 话题 词数 难度 建议时间 记叙文 人间有情 ‎281‎ ‎★★★☆☆‎ ‎8分钟 ‎（2014·重庆完形填空）Five months after my husband Steve died, I woke up one morning to the maddening sound of a leaking faucet（水龙头）. I knew it needed repairs badly, but it 16_______ me so much just to think of it.‎ All our 17_______ life, I was the ＂artist＂ bringing to our house much imagination. Steve was the 18 ＂_______＂ one. He had a real gift for handling chores（家务活），19_______ me from unpleasant repair jobs.‎ But how could such a good man have his life cut short so suddenly! I had been so sad and angry that I completely 20_______ the house. That leaky faucet somehow awakened me to the fact that I now had to 21_______ the challenge of getting things fixed.‎ I got a workman named Ahmed. Entering the house, he stopped before a picture of Steve and me. ＂Doesn’t your husband 22_______ this kind of work?＂ he asked. ＂It’s not hard.＂‎ ‎＂He died months ago. When he was alive, he did all the repair jobs 23_______.＂ I said quietly. Ahmed looked at me 24_______, but he didn’t reply. He fixed the faucet, adjusted the dishwasher door, and replaced a showerhead. Apparently he was gifted as Steve had been.‎ He did a(n) 25_______ job. I asked him to name his fee. ＂No charge, Ma’am,＂ he said. ＂My father died early, and the neighbors helped my family through.＂‎ By fixing a faucet, Ahmed mended my soul. Although I would sure carry the pain of 26_______ with me along, Ahmed reminded me of the abundant 27_______ in the world.‎ ‎16. A. hurt B. puzzled C. cost D. disappointed ‎17. A. separate B. shared C. spiritual D. social ‎18. A. active B. boring C. careless D. practical ‎19. A. attracting B. sheltering C. driving D. prohibiting ‎20. A. ignored B. hated C. cleaned D. missed ‎21. A. come up with B. face up with C. look forward to D. step away from ‎22. A. begin B. check C. like D. find ‎23. A. gratefully B. firmly C. bravely D. wonderfully ‎24. A. strangely B. innocently C. painfully D. sympathetically ‎25. A. terrible B. excellent C. important D. dangerous ‎26. A. loss B. failure C. fear D. regret ‎27. A. friendship B. devotion C. kindness D. justice ‎【文章大意】本文讲述了Ahmed帮助作者修水龙头的故事，Ahmed的善举让失去丈夫的作者认识到这个世界充满友善。‎ ‎16.A 空后不定式用just加强语气,意为＂只要一想到这件事就……＂, 再结合文章首句可知,此处指的应该是让作者伤心。因为平时的修修补补都是丈夫来做,此时作者自然想到了死去的丈夫。‎ ‎17.B 这里是作者回忆丈夫生前的情况,即作者和丈夫一起 生活 的日子。故用 shared意思是＂共有的＂。‎ ‎18.D 第二段前两句为两个对比句。作者是一个＂艺术家＂, 给家带来很多想象力,而丈夫是一个＂实干家＂。‎ ‎19.B 根据＂from unpleasant repair jobs＂可知,此处表示＂保护……＂,故 选B项。‎ ‎20.A 作者当时如此伤心和生气,以至于完全忽视了这所房子。‎ ‎21.B 水龙头漏水让作者清醒了,认识到自己现在得面对修修补补这种挑战了。face up to＂敢于面对,勇于正视(困难或不快之事)＂,符合语境。‎ ‎22.C Ahmed不了解作者家的情况,看到作者和丈夫的相片,当然会产生疑问:作者的丈夫不喜欢这种工作吗?‎ ‎23.D 空后的＂He had a real gift for handling chores(家务活)＂可知,作者认为丈夫生前修理东西做得相当棒。‎ ‎24.D 听说作者的丈夫去世了,Ahmed当然是给予同情。‎ ‎25.B 根据第五段最后一句可知,Ahmed与作者的丈夫一样很有维修天赋,因此他的修理工作做得很好。‎ ‎26.A 所填词修饰＂pain＂,再结合上文提到的作者丈夫去世的情况可知,此处应该是指作者失去丈夫的痛苦。‎ ‎27.C Ahmed的举动使作者想到世界充满友善。‎ ‎【试题分析】因丈夫去世一直沉浸在悲痛之中的作者听到水龙头滴漏的声音几乎发疯。丈夫生前包揽了所有的家务，现在不得不自己面对。前来修理水龙头的师傅得知作者丈夫去世，不仅免费帮助他修理了水龙头，还做了一些室内维修。这是因为修理师傅曾经受惠于人。作者感到了人间温暖、人间的友情无处不在。‎ 书面表达 古语有云：＂有朋自远方来， 不亦乐乎？＂ 在生活中， 人人都需要朋友。但如何与朋友和谐相处才能使我们的友谊长存呢？请根据下面的提示， 写一篇英语短文。‎ ‎1.诚实：谎言会使朋友远离我们；‎ ‎2.倾听：理解朋友的心声；‎ ‎3.虚心：如果在朋友面前骄傲， 就会失去朋友的尊敬；‎ ‎4.无私：在朋友有困难时帮助朋友。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数120左右；‎ ‎2.适当发挥想象， 增加细节以使行文连贯，但不要逐句翻译。‎ ‎【参考答案】‎ As we all know, keeping friendship is not so easy as making friends. Therefore, it is important for us to know how to get along well with our friends. In order to win lifelong friendship, we should obey the following rules.‎ To begin with, we should be honest with our friends. Lies will surely make them stay far away from us. Second, we should become good listeners as well so that we can have a good understanding of one another. Third, we’d better be humble. If we are too proud before our friends, we can hardly win their respect. Finally, we should not be selfish and should be ready to help our friends whenever they are in trouble, for a friend in need is a friend indeed.‎ In a word, as long as we obey the rules that are mentioned above, we will find it 词汇记忆 Exactly speaking，he and his partners felt upset and hadn't recovered from the sufferings caused by the powerful mudslides in Zhouqu. We shouldn't ignore their feelings. We should give them more concern and help them make a good settlement.‎ ‎【联想·积累】‎ ‎1.＂感谢＂家族 ‎①grateful adj.感激的；‎ gratitude n．感激 ‎②appreciate v．感激，感谢；‎ appreciation n．感激 ‎ ‎③thank v．感谢；‎ thankful adj.感激的 ‎④acknowledge v．鸣谢，感谢；‎ acknowledgment n．鸣谢，感谢 ‎2.dis－否定前缀高频词集锦 ‎①disagree vi.不同意 ‎ ‎②dislike vt.不喜欢 ‎ ‎③disappear vi.消失 ‎④disappoint vt.使失望 ‎ ‎⑤discourage vt.使气馁 ‎ ‎⑥discover vt.发现 ‎3.高频词链条 ‎①suffer vt.& vi.遭受；忍受；经历→suffering n．痛苦；折磨 ‎②exactly adv.确实如此；正是；确切地→exact adj.精确的 ‎③entire adj.整个的；完全的→entirely adv.完全地；整个地 ‎④concern vt.(使)担忧；涉及；关系到 n．担心；关注；(利害)关系→concerned adj.担忧的→concerning prep.关于 ‎⑤power n．能力；力量；权力→powerful adj.有权势的→adj.无权力的，无力量的，无能为力的 ‎⑥ignore vt.不理睬；忽视→ignorance n．愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的；粗鲁的 ‎⑦settle vi.安家；定居；停留 vt.使安居；安排；解决→ettled adj.稳定的；舒适自在的→settlement n．安居；定居；定居点