2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计（21页含详细解析）

2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit3Inventorsandinventions单元学案设计（21页含详细解析）

‎2018届人教版选修8一轮复习：Unit 3　Inventors and inventions单元学案设计 单元话题写作指导第二层级——背句子、学衔接，让作文字顺意畅 ‎1．We’ll have a picnic at noon by the side of the lake.‎ 中午时，我们将在湖边进行野餐。‎ ‎2．We’ll play games in groups in the afternoon.‎ 下午时，我们将分组做游戏。‎ ‎3．Don’t forget to take photos and make notes.‎ 不要忘记照相和做记录。‎ ‎4．You’ll take part in the photo contest or the essay contest in our school.‎ 你们将参加我们学校的摄影或者作文比赛。‎ ‎5．Those want to participate in the visit.‎ 那些想要参加这次参观的人。‎ ‎6．They are supposed to sign up at the Students’ Union before this Friday.‎ 他们应在本周五前到学生会报到。‎ ‎1.连接1、2句，使其成为含while连接的表示对比的并列句 We’ll_have_a_picnic_at_noon_by_the_side_of_the_lake,_while_we’ll_play_games_in_‎ groups_in_the_afternoon.‎ ‎2．连接3、4句，使其成为含because引导的原因状语从句的复合句 Don’t_forget_to_take_photos_and_make_notes_because_you’ll_take_part_in_the_photo_‎ contest_or_the_essay_contest_in_our_school.‎ ‎3．连接5、6句，使其成为含who引导的定语从句的复合句 Those_who_want_to_participate_in_the_visit_are_supposed_to_sign_up_at_the_Students’_Union_before_this_Friday.　　‎ 选用“besides, then, by the way, after arriving there”过渡词语衔接成文。‎ On May 8, there will be a visit to Zhengzhou Green Expo Garden.We are to gather at 7：00 am at the school gate and set out twenty minutes later.‎ After_arriving_there,_we’ll spend the whole morning visiting the exhibition areas.Then we’ll have a picnic at noon by the side of the lake, while we’ll play games in groups in the afternoon.Don’t forget to take photos and make notes because you’ll take part in the photo contest or the essay contest in our school.‎ Those who want to participate in the visit are supposed to sign up at the Students’ Union before this Friday.Besides,_all the participants are required to bring your lunch as well as the drinking water.By_the_way,_take care during the visit.‎ 单元知识课前热身 ‎(Ⅰ)单词拼写 ‎1．How are these related to the product (产品) being designed?‎ ‎2．He wished to forget everything associated (联系) with his former life.‎ ‎3．When the couple were laid off, with no stable (稳定的) income, they could hardly make ends meet.‎ ‎4．What criteria (标准) are used for assessing a student’s ability?‎ ‎5．Understanding the instructions requires a ninth grade reading competence (能力)．‎ ‎6．He’s too young to distinguish (区分) right from wrong, and needs your guidance.‎ ‎7．To be honest, I could hardly bear (承受) being treated as rudely as that.‎ ‎8．In my opinion, only by facing difficulties bravely and seizing (抓住) opportunities can one succeed.‎ ‎(Ⅱ)用所给词的适当形式填空 ‎1．Please give him lots of love instead of high expectations (expect); otherwise he will be loaded with great pressure.‎ ‎2．The bus came to an abrupt (abruptly) stop, making many passengers fall off their seats.‎ ‎3．When the ice is heated above freezing (freeze) point, it begins to change into a liquid state.‎ ‎4．Your suggestion sounds reasonable and practical (practice). I think it deserves to be discussed at the next meeting.‎ ‎5．The workman cleared up the mess (messy) before he left.‎ ‎(Ⅲ)语境填词(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1．You can visit Professor Li when it is convenient,_that is, at his convenience. His house is conveniently near the bus stop.(convenient)‎ ‎2．He is a cautious man and is always doing things with caution. You should get on with him cautiously.(caution)‎ ‎(Ⅰ)写出下列短语 ‎1．call_up　　　　　　　　 给……打电话；使想起 ‎2．now_and_then 偶尔；有时 ‎3．set_about 开始；着手 ‎4．dive_into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 ‎5．set_out_(to_do) 开始(做)‎ ‎6．hang_on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 ‎7．out_of_order 次序颠倒；发生故障 ‎8．get_through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过 ‎9．ring_back 回复电话 ‎10．ring_off 挂断电话 ‎(Ⅱ)选用上述短语填空 ‎1．Your letter calls_up the days when we worked together on the farms fifteen years ago.‎ ‎2．Having made up his mind, he set_about carrying out the plan.‎ ‎3．It’s the love and responsibility that have driven him to get_through many hardships and survive.‎ ‎4．If you hang_on for a while, I will go and see if I can find your mother.‎ ‎5．I checked the files and some of the papers were out_of_order. You had better sort them out.‎ ‎6．When you were out, John rang up, and he wanted you to ring_him_back.‎ ‎7．I saw him dive_into the river to save a drowning child.‎ ‎8．He went to see his grandmother now_and_then.‎ ‎1．The next morning I got up early before the sun was hot.‎ 第二天早上，天还不是很热，我就早早地起来了。‎ ‎[解读]　before意为“在……之前”，引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　遭受地震袭击的地区，人们的生活要过很长时间才会恢复正常。‎ It_will_be_a_long_time_before the people’s life in earthquakestricken areas returns to normal.‎ ‎2．The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas accepted unless they are truly novel.‎ ‎(评定)专利标准是很严格的，除非新的想法真是新颖的，否则很难被接受。‎ ‎[解读]　so ...that ...引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎[仿写]　他的计划如此实用以至于我们大家都同意接受它。‎ His plan was so_practical_that we all agreed to accept it.‎ ‎3．Now it’s a matter of waiting and hoping.‎ 现在，只是等待和期望了。‎ ‎[解读]　a matter of ...意为“……的问题”。‎ ‎[仿写]　科学家们认为克隆人只是一个时间问题。‎ Scientists believe human cloning is just a_matter_of_time.‎ ‎4．Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it，you will have ‎ something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.‎ 跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。‎ ‎[解读]　本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。‎ ‎[仿写]　经常找一些方法表扬你的孩子，你会发现他们将会向你敞开心扉。(2011·山东高考单项填空)‎ Find ways to praise your children often, and_you’ll_find they will open their hearts to you.‎ 单元分版块学案 一、常考词汇细点拨 ‎1．distinguish vt.& vi.显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 ‎[经典例句]　The twins are so alike that no one can distinguish one from the other.(朗文P588)‎ 这对双胞胎长得很像，没有人能分辨得出哪个是哪个。‎ ‎(1)distinguish between ...and ...‎ ‎　　　　　　 　　　　 区分/辨别……和……‎ distinguish ...from ... 使……有别于……‎ distinguish oneself (as ...) (作为……)表现突出 ‎(2)distinguished adj. 卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ... 因……而出名 ‎(3)distinguishable adj. 易分辨的；能区分的 ‎①It is the superior intelligence and the use of language that distinguish man from the other animals.(2014·合肥高三模拟)‎ 正是高超的智力和使用语言把人和其他动物区别开来。‎ ‎②As far as I know, Li Na has already distinguished_herself as an athlete.‎ 据我所知，作为运动员李娜已享有盛名。‎ ‎2．bear vt.(bore, borne)忍受；忍耐；负担；生育 ‎[教材原句]　I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue.‎ 我不能忍受烤肉架上烤焦的香肠的气味。‎ ‎(1)can’t bear doing/to do sth.　　 不能忍受做某事 can’t bear sb./sb.’s doing/to do sth.‎ ‎ 不能忍受某人做某事 ‎(2)bear a heavy burden 肩负重担 bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备 ‎(3)bear/keep sth. in mind 记住……‎ bear/keep in mind that ... 记住……‎ ‎①Reasonable as the opinion sounds, it cannot bear the test through analysis.‎ 虽然这个观点听起来有道理，但是它经不住分析。‎ ‎②He can’t bear people smoking while he’s eating.‎ 他受不了有人在他吃饭的时候吸烟。‎ ‎③Bearing a heavy burden, she has to work hard to bring up her children.‎ 肩负重担，她必须努力工作抚养孩子。‎ ‎④We should always bear/keep_in_mind_that_ many traffic accidents arise from drunk driving. (2014·潍坊市高三二模)‎ 我们应该牢记，很多事故都是由酒后驾驶造成的。‎ ‎3．associate vt.联想；联系 ‎[经典例句]　He is closely associated in the public mind with horror movies.(牛津P104)‎ 在公众心目中，他总是和恐怖电影紧密联系在一起。‎ ‎(1)associate sb./sth.with sb./sth.‎ 把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到……‎ be associated with ...　 和……有关 associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交道 ‎(2)association n. 联合；联想；交往；协会；团体 in association with ... 与……合伙/合作 ‎①I feel honored to have the chance to live, work and associate with them.‎ 我觉得很荣幸有机会和他们一起生活、工作和相处。‎ ‎②The first step to making friends is associating with other people.(2012·辽宁高考任务型阅读)‎ 交朋友的第一步就是要跟他人联系。‎ ‎③We are working in_association_with a local company to raise money for the homeless.‎ 我们联合一家当地的公司，为无家可归的人筹款。‎ ‎[链接高考]‎ ‎(2013·湖北高考)According to the law, all foreigners have to ________ with the local police within two weeks of arrival.‎ A．associate　　　　　　　 B．dispute C．negotiate D．register 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：按照该法律，所有的外国人在到来的两周内必须在当地警方登记。这里说的是在警方登记，故用register，表示“登记；注册”。associate“使联合；联想”；dispute“争论”；negotiate“协商；谈判”。‎ 二、间考词汇自识记 ‎1．seize v．抓住；抓取；没收；查封；扣押 seize/grasp a chance/an opportunity to do/of doing ...抓住机会做某事 seize sb. by the＋部位 You should seize the opportunity to work abroad with both hands.‎ 你应该紧紧抓住这次出国工作的机会。‎ ‎2．expectation n．预料；期待；期望 come/live up to one’s expectations ‎ 不负所望 in expectation of 期待；指望；预料会有 beyond expectations 料想不到 I usually enjoy his movies, but the latest one didn’t come up to my expectations.‎ 我通常喜欢他的电影，但是最新的一部电影没有我料想的那么好。‎ ‎——————————————————————————————‎ ‎…………………………………(记的更多、更快、更长久！)‎ 请根据提示写出表示“频度”的高频单词 ‎1．annual adj.　　　　　 每年的 ‎2．frequent adj. 频繁的；经常的 ‎3．regular adj. 定期的；固定的；习惯性的；经常的 ‎4．occasional adj. 偶尔；间或 ‎5．rare adj. 罕有；很少 ‎—————————————————————————————— ‎ ‎[单词对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．To be honest, the role John plays in this film doesn’t come up to my ________， though he is one of my favorite actors.‎ A．excuses B．explanations C．experiences D．expectations 解析：选D　考查名词词义辨析。句意：老实说，虽然约翰是我最喜欢的演员之一，但他在这部电影中扮演的角色没有达到我的期望。expectation “期待；期望；预料”，短语come up to (one’s) expectations“达到期望(的水平)”，与句意相符。‎ ‎2．(2014·荆州质检)When it comes to “emptynest syndrome(综合症)”， parents are advised to ________ regular contact with children through phone calls, emails, texts or video chats.‎ A．substitute B．sacrifice C．associated D．maintain 解析：选D　句意：当谈到“空巢综合症”时，父母应该通过电话、邮件、短信或者视频聊天以和孩子们保持定期联系。maintain“保持；维持”，符合句意。substitute“代替”；sacrifice“牺牲”；associate“联想；联系”，be associated with“与……有联系”。由于句中有contact(联系)，故不选C。‎ ‎3．(2014·黄石质检)My parents have kept reminding me not to ________ with bad companions whether in school or in society since I was very young.‎ A．associate B．combine C．connect D．distinguish 解析：选A　考查动词辨析。句意：我的父母从我很小的时候起就不断提醒我不管在学校还是在社会上都不要与坏人交往。associate“联系；交往”。combine“结合”；connect“联系”；distinguish“区别；辨别”。‎ Ⅱ.多维演练(练得更细、更全、更彻底！)‎ ‎1．distinguish万花筒 ‎(1)句型转换 As far as I know, he is colorblind and can’t tell red from green.‎ ‎→As far as I know, he is colorblind and can’t distinguish_red_from_green.‎ ‎(2)完成句子 Distinguished_for his great discovery, he has won the Nobel Prize.(distinguish)‎ 他因他的重大发现而享有盛誉，因而获得了诺贝尔奖。‎ ‎(3)(2014·湖北七市调考)The man who hit so many people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer ________ between fantasy and reality.‎ A．distinguish B．discourage C．disturb D．disappear 解析：选A　考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个连续撞了很多人的男子喝了太多酒，所以他的大脑分辨不出幻想和现实。distinguish“区别；辨别”，符合句意。discourage“使气馁；阻碍”；disturb“扰乱；妨碍”；disappear“消失；不存在”。‎ ‎2．bear面面观 ‎(1)完成句子 ‎①Alison couldn't bear_leaving/to_leave and cried all the way to the airport.(bear)‎ 阿莉森忍受不了离别之苦，去机场的路上一直在哭。‎ ‎②We must always bear_in_mind_that China is a big country with a huge population.(bear)‎ 我们必须牢记中国是一个人口大国。‎ ‎(2)(2014·武汉名校高三调研)Many Chinese are ________ a higher quality of education that will make them become independent and creative.‎ A．operating B．bearing C．calculating D．seeking 解析：选D　考查动词辨析。句意：很多中国人在寻找一种高质量的教育，这种教育可以让他们变得独立和具有创造力。operate“操作”；bear“承受；忍受”；calculate“计算；以为”；seek“寻求；探索”。‎ ‎1．call up 给……打电话；使……回忆起 ‎[经典例句]　The sound of happy laughter called up memories of his childhood.(牛津P227)‎ 这欢笑声让他回忆起童年的情景。‎ call at　　　　　　　 拜访(某个地点)‎ call off 取消；停止 call on/upon 拜访(某人)；号召 call for 需求；需要；去接(某人)‎ ‎①I called up my mother to ask if she wanted to live with us in the city.‎ 我打电话问妈妈她是否愿意和我们一块住在城里。‎ ‎②The Ministry of Education calls_on students to exercise for an hour every day.‎ 教育部呼吁学生每天锻炼一个小时。‎ ‎③The game was called_off because of the bad weather.‎ 比赛因天气恶劣被取消。‎ ‎[联想归纳]‎ 根据汉语提示完成下列与“打电话”有关的短语：‎ ‎①ring up 给……打电话 ‎②ring/call back 回复电话 ‎③ring off 挂断电话 ‎④give sb. a ring/call 给某人打电话 ‎⑤hang/hold on 不挂断电话 ‎2．get through设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过；度过；用完；耗尽 ‎[高考佳句]　She found writing helped her get through the rough days.(2011·新课标全国卷阅读E)‎ 她发现写作帮助她度过了那些艰难的日子。‎ ‎[一词多义]‎ 写出下列句中get through的含义 ‎①I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. 设法做完 ‎②I’ve got through the driving test recently. 通过 ‎③I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldn’t get through (to you)．打通电话 ‎④As soon as I get through with my work I’ll join you. 做完 get (sth.) across (to sb.)‎ ‎　　　　　　　　 (使某事)传播或为(某人)理解 get along with sb. 与某人相处；进展 get away with sth. 携某物潜逃；不因某事受惩罚 get down to sth./doing sth.‎ ‎ 开始做某事；认真处理某事 get over 爬过……；克服(困难)；从……中恢复过来 ‎⑤It’s time I got down to thinking about that essay.‎ 我该认真思考一下那篇论文了。‎ ‎⑥Studying in a foreign language is always hard at the beginning, but I’ll get_over it.‎ 刚开始学习外语总是很困难，但是我会克服的。‎ ‎[短语对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ Ⅰ.选词填空 ‎1．My clock was out_of_order and woke me up at 3 o’clock this morning.‎ ‎2．I’m very busy, so would you please ring_off and call me later?‎ ‎3．If one man guards the pass, ten thousand are unable to get_through.‎ ‎4．It’s hard work. But if you hang_on you’ll succeed in the end.‎ ‎5．The picture of the park called_up memories of our class’s trip last year, when Mr. Smith began to take charge of our class.‎ ‎6．The new government must set_about finding solutions to the country’s economic problems.‎ Ⅱ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·湖北襄阳五中高三模拟)It might take you a little longer to ________ the novel, but I wanted you to have the same experience.‎ A．get over B．get through C．get into D．get across 解析：选B　句意：这可能需要你多花点时间读完这本小说，但我希望你有同样的经历。get through“完成；解决；到达；通过；做完；接通电话”，符合句意。‎ ‎2．(2014·襄阳调研)As I grew up in a small town at the foot of a mountain, the visit to the village ________ scenes of my childhood.‎ A．called up B．called for C．called on D．called in 解析：选A　句意：因为我是在一个山脚下的小镇长大的，参观那个村子让我回忆起童年的情景。call up “使回忆起”，符合句意。call for “要求；需要；去接(某人)”；call on “拜访；号召”；call in “请来”。‎ ‎3．(2014·天门调研)I feel really upset and worried now, because I ________ my mother last night who lives alone in the countryside, but she didn’t answer the phone.‎ A．rang off B．rang up C．rang back D．rang out 解析：选B　考查动词短语辨析。句意：我现在感到很不安和担心，因为我昨晚给独自住在乡下的母亲打电话时，她没接。ring off“挂电话”；ring up“打电话”；ring back“回电话”；ring out“(声音等)洪亮”。‎ Follow_it_up,_explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.‎ 跟随它，在它的周围探索，不知不觉中，你将有值得考虑的某些东西占用你的大脑。 ‎ 本句为“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”结构。‎ ‎①Follow your doctor’s advice, and you will get better soon.‎ 接受医生的建议，你很快就会好的。‎ ‎(1)祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝If ...，＋主句 ‎②Listen carefully, and you’ll understand it.‎ ‎＝ If you listen carefully, you’ll understand it.‎ 仔细听，你就会明白。‎ ‎(2)祈使句＋or/or else/otherwise＋陈述句＝If ... not ...，＋主句 ‎③Give up smoking, or/or_else/otherwise you may die of lung cancer.‎ 戒掉烟，否则你可能死于癌症。‎ ‎(3)名词词组＋and＋陈述句 ‎④It is really very dangerous. One more step, and the baby will fall into the well.‎ 真危险。再多迈一步，这个小孩儿就掉进井里了。‎ ‎[句型对点集训]　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　‎ 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武汉二月调研)It didn't take long before_he_went_back_to_sleep again.(go)‎ 没过一会他就又睡着了。‎ ‎2．Try to be friends with your children, and_you_will_become_aware_of what they are thinking about.(aware)‎ 努力与孩子们交朋友，你才会明白他们在想什么。‎ ‎3．Bobby, set the alarm clock for 6 o'clock, or/otherwise_you_will_not_be_punctual_for the conference because of oversleep.(punctual)‎ 鲍比，把闹钟定在六点钟，否则你会因为睡过头而不能准时参加会议。‎ ‎4．She is so_clever_a_girl_that she is always at the top of her class.(so)‎ 她是如此聪明的女孩，总是名列前茅。‎ 过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语 完成句子 ‎1．(2014·荆州质检)TV can not only keep us informed_of_what_is_happening throughout the world but also bring us various forms of entertainment.(inform)‎ 电视不仅能使我们了解世界上正在发生的事情，还能给我们带来各种各样的娱乐。‎ ‎2．(2014·武昌实验中学月考)So absorbed_was_he_in_reading a novel that he found time passed quickly in the summer vacation.(absorb)‎ 在暑假里他如此专注地读小说，以至于他发现时间过得飞快。‎ ‎3．We believe the time and hard work (which were) involved_in_completing such an important project are worthwhile.(involve)‎ 我们相信为完成如此重要的一项工程所付出的时间和辛苦劳动都是值得的。‎ ‎4．My doctor advised me to reduce the amount of the sugar (which/that_is)_added_to the milk I drink.(add)‎ 医生劝我喝牛奶的时候少放糖。‎ ‎5．Ladies and gentlemen, please remain_seated in your place; the winner of the prize will be announced soon.(remain)‎ 女士们，先生们，请坐好，很快就要公布奖金得主了。‎ 单元综合知识运用 Ⅰ.多项选择 ‎1．(2014·武汉市高中毕业生2月调研)Right now, the government should adopt a far more ________ approach to push the state’s economy forward.‎ A．dynamic　　　　　　　　 　 B．apparent C．desperate D．previous 解析：选A　考查形容词辨析。句意：现在，政府应该采取更有力的手段来推进经济发展。dynamic意为“强有力的；动态的”，符合语境。apparent意为“‎ 显然的”；desperate意为“绝望的”；previous意为“以前的”。‎ ‎2．Money doesn’t necessarily buy happiness, so we can safely draw a conclusion that making a fortune is not always a good ________ for a happy life.‎ A．challenge B．criterion C．ingredient D．qualification 解析：选B　考查名词辨析。句意：钱不一定能买来幸福，因此，我们能得出结论：发财并不总是衡量幸福的合适标准。challenge“挑战”；criterion“标准；准则”；ingredient“要素；成分”；qualification“资格；条件”。故B项正确。‎ ‎3．(2014·鄂州高三期末)Economic reform can only occur at a time when both internal and external conditions of a country are ________ enough.‎ A．abundant B．identical C．ripe D．distinct 解析：选C　考查形容词辨析。句意：经济改革只发生在一个国家的内外条件都足够成熟的时候。C项意为“成熟的”，符合语境。A项意为“大量的；充足的”；B项意为“同一的”；D项意为“与众不同的”。‎ ‎4．(2014·黄冈市高三期末)It is important to ________ between the rules of grammar and the conventions of written language.‎ A．determine B．identify C．explore D．distinguish 解析：选D　考查动词词义辨析。句意：区分语法规则和语言书面语中的习惯用法很重要。determine“决心；决定”；identify“确认”；explore “探究；探索”；distinguish“区别；辨别”，distinguish between ...and ...＝distinguish ...from ...，意为“区别/区分/辨别……与……”，符合语境。‎ ‎5．(2014·湖北省八校联考)As their memories________， some old people tend to be talkative because they easily forget what has just been said.‎ A．reproduce B．decrease C．decline D．associate 解析：选C　考查动词辨析。句意：随着记忆力的减退，一些老年人变得唠叨起来，因为他们很容易忘掉他们刚刚说过的话。reproduce“复制；再现……声音或形象”；decrease“(使大小、数量等)减少；减小”；decline“衰弱；衰退”；associate“联系；联想”。根据语境可知，答案选C。‎ ‎6．(2014·黄石调研)A wellwritten composition ________ a good choice of words and clear organization among other things.‎ A．calls on B．calls for C．calls up D．calls off 解析：选B　句意：一篇好的作文还需要选词准确，结构清晰。call on/upon “访问(人)；号召”；call for “要求；需要”；call up “使想起；打电话给”；call off “取消”。‎ ‎7．Having questioned the spy for two days, the officer didn’t ________ any valuable information.‎ A．seize B．recover C．obtain D．afford 解析：选C　句意：盘问了这个间谍两天了，警方没有获得任何有用的信息。obtain“得到；获得”，符合句意。seize“抓住”；recover“恢复”；afford“付得起”。‎ ‎8．It is very important for teachers to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their professional ________.‎ A．consequence B．independence C．competence D．intelligence 解析：选C　考查名词辨析。句意：为了保持专业能力，老师需要不断地更新他们的知识。competence“能力”，符合句意。consequence“结果”；independence“独立”；intelligence“智力”。‎ ‎9．(2014·武汉市武昌区高三联考)The winner of the 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature, Mo Yan, said he did not have high ________ of winning.Actually, he thought he had a slim chance to win.‎ A．assumptions B．expectations C．satisfactions D．impressions 解析：选B　考查名词词义辨析。句意：2012年诺贝尔文学奖的获得者莫言说他对得奖的期望不高。实际上，他认为他得奖的可能性不大。根据句意可知expectations“期望”正确。assumption“假设；假定”；satisfaction“满足；满意”；impression“印象”。‎ ‎10．(2014·湖北襄阳高三调研)My mother is too old to live on her own, so we’re fixing up the ________ room for her.‎ A．ultimate B．arbitrary C．spare D．valid 解析：选C　考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我的妈妈年纪大了，以至于她不能独自生活，因此我们正在装修闲置的房间给她住。这里用spare，表示“闲置的；不用的”。ultimate“极端的；最后的”；arbitrary“武断的；任意的”；valid“有效的”。‎ Ⅱ.完成句子 ‎1．(2014·武昌区元月调研)You'll be surprised to see what_rapid_progress_we_have_made in our English study in the last two months！(progress)‎ 看到我们在过去的两个月时间英语学习取得了多么快的进步 ‎，你一定会觉得很惊讶。‎ ‎2．Judging_by/from_her_excited_look/expression,_we know that she must have passed the test for driving license.(judge)‎ 从她兴奋的表情来判断，我们知道她一定通过了驾照考试。‎ ‎3．Mary was wearing a diamond necklace borrowed from her friend, merely hoping to make_herself_noticed at the party.(notice)‎ 玛丽戴着从朋友那里借来的钻石项链，目的不过是希望在聚会上能引起大家的注意。‎ ‎4．Don't be discouraged.Take_things_as they are and you will enjoy every day of your life.(take)‎ 不要泄气。顺其自然，你就会享受生活中的每一天。‎ ‎5．Either Tom or the boy from the next class has_been_appointed_ head of the research group.After all, neither you nor I am given the chance.(appoint)‎ 要么是汤姆，或者是隔壁班上的那个男孩被任命为这个研究小组的头头了，反正你我都没有机会。‎ ‎6．With the_first_point_agreed_on,_they turned their negotiation to another.(agree)‎ 第一点达成一致后，他们的谈判又转向另一点。‎ ‎7．There are many serious health problems which/that_are_associated_with_smoking.‎ ‎(associate)‎ 一些严重的健康问题与吸烟有关。‎ ‎8．You must_bear_in_mind_that your parents hope to depend on you to become a good doctor.(bear)‎ 你必须记住你的父母指望你成为一名好医生。‎ ‎9．Though parents do know that children should be taught to_distinguish_right_from_wrong,‎ ‎_they often don't practice so well.(distinguish)‎ 虽然父母们知道应该教孩子分辨好坏，但却做得不是那么好。‎ ‎10．Applying_for_a_patent can be a lengthy process and any mistakes in your application will slow things down.(apply)‎ 申请一个专利可能需要较长的时间，而且在你申请当中的任何错误都会耽误时间。‎ Ⅲ.阅读理解 ‎(2014·武昌区调研)Scientists at Harvard University and Bates College find female chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls, carrying them around until they have children of their own. Young males engage in such behavior much less frequently.‎ The new work by Sonya M. Kahlenberg and Richard W. Wrangham, described this week in the journal Current Biology, provides the first evidence of a wild nonhuman species playing with dolls, as well as the first known sex difference in a wild animal’s choice of playthings.‎ The two researchers say their work adds to a growing body of evidence that human children are probably born with their own ideas of how they want to behave, rather than simply mirroring other girls who play with dolls and boys who play with trucks. Doll play among humans could have its origins in objectcarrying by earlier apes (猿类), they say, suggesting that toy selection is probably not due entirely to socialization.‎ ‎“In humans, there are obvious sex differences in children’s toy play, and these are remarkably similar across cultures，” says Kahlenberg. “While socialization by elders and peers has been the primary explanation, our work suggests that biology ‎ may also have an important role to play in activity preferences.”‎ In 14 years of data on chimpanzee behavior at the Kibale National Park in Uganda，Kahlenberg and Wrangham counted more than 100 examples of stickcarrying. Some young chimpanzees carried sticks into the nest to sleep with them and on one occasion built a separate nest for the stick. “We have seen juveniles occasionally carrying sticks for many years, and because they sometimes treated them rather like dolls, we wanted to know if in general this behavior tended to represent something like playing with dolls，” says Wrangham, a Professor at Harvard. “If the doll hypothesis (假设) was right, we thought that females should carry sticks more than males do, and that the chimpanzees should stop carrying sticks when they had their first child. We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇科普文。研究发现，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶，直到它们有了自己的孩子。‎ ‎1．What does a female chimpanzee do with sticks?‎ A．She gives them to her child to play with.‎ B．She treats them as weapons.‎ C．She treats them as dolls.‎ D．She makes useful tools from them.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“... female Chimpanzees (黑猩猩) appear to treat sticks as dolls ...”可知，雌性黑猩猩会把棍子当作自己的玩偶。故选C项。‎ ‎2．What causes the different toy selection of chimpanzees, according to the passage?‎ A．Socialization. B．Sex difference.‎ C．Environment. D．Cultural difference.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“as well as the first known sex difference ... playthings.”可知，性别差异是导致黑猩猩玩具选择差异的主要原因。故选B项。‎ ‎3．Wrangham probably believes that ________.‎ A．observing so many chimpanzees has been enough for them to make a conclusion B．the study proves human beings have evolved (进化)from chimpanzees C．all chimpanzees treat the sticks as dolls D．children playing with sticks are abnormal 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第五段最后一句“We have now watched enough young chimpanzees to prove both points.”可推断，A项正确。‎ ‎4．It can be concluded from the passage that ________.‎ A．chimpanzees usually choose playthings for their children B．different factors cause humans and chimpanzees to choose different playthings C．only female chimpanzees have playthings D．both humans and chimpanzees choose their playthings due to sex difference 解析：选D　推理判断题。综合文章内容可知，无论是人类还是黑猩猩，性别是导致玩具选择差异的重要原因。故选D项。‎ Ⅳ.短文写作 ‎(2014·黄冈高三3月质检)根据下面一幅图画，以“Give Children More Encouragement”为题写一篇英语短文，说明图画反映的主题，并就图画主题发表感想。‎ 注意：①除诗歌外，文体不限；‎ ‎②内容必须结合自己生活或学习中的一个事例；‎ ‎③文中不得透露个人姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎④词数不少于120。‎ 参考范文：‎ Give Children More Encouragement As is vividly shown in the picture, students will make greater progress if teachers and parents give them more encouragement.‎ Encouragement will get students motivated and make them more confident. As a result, they will study harder and make rapid progress. Here I’ll share my experience with you which shows the great significance of encouragement. I used to be poor at English, which made me depressed and lose heart. Later, my mother encouraged me, telling me to believe in myself and stick to it. It’s my mother’s encouragement that made me regain confidence. Gradually I made progress in English and I’m proud that I’m good at it.‎ From what I have mentioned above, I can safely draw the conclusion that encouragement is to children what sunshine is to flowers. Give your children more encouragement and they will be closer to success.‎