【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(二)因不能发现远距离复现词而错选（7页word版）

【英语】2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(二)因不能发现远距离复现词而错选（7页word版）

‎2019届二轮复习完形填空错误解题纠正(二)因不能发现远距离复现词而错选 词汇复现是指某一个词以原词，或同/ 近义词(如decide与determine)、‎ 同根词(如ill与illness)、上下义词(如rose是flower的下义词， flower是 利用词汇 复现解题 rose的上义词)、反义词(如wrong与right)等方式在同一语篇中重复出现 的现象。词汇复现是语篇衔接的一个重要手段。我们在解答完形填空 题时，要留心选项中是否有与上下文中的词汇相对应的词，利用词汇 复现解题。‎ ‎1．原词复现——在上下文中同一词汇重复出现 ‎[典例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅰ)During my second year at the city college, I was told that the education department was offering a “free” course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits ...‎ I managed to get an A in that 53 and learned life lessons that have served me well beyond the 54. classroom. ‎ ‎53．A.game　　　　　　　　 B．presentation C．course D．experiment 分析：本题可以利用原词复现解题。根据文章首句中的“the education department was offering a ‘free’ course”可知，“我”设法在那门“课程”上获得了A，此处是course的原词复现，故选C项。‎ ‎2．同/近义词复现——意思相同、相近的表达方式，或者解释性的词汇复现 ‎[典例]　(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)The baby was born and update texts were 47.coming in quickly from the overjoyed grandmother, Teresa.In her 48 ‎ ‎， she didn’t seem to realize that she was 49.sharing the baby’s photos with a complete stranger.‎ ‎48．A.opinion B．anxiety C．excitement D．effort 分析：本题可以利用近义词复现解题。根据上文中的“the overjoyed grandmother”可知，此处填入的词应与“overjoyed (欣喜若狂的)”在语义范畴上一致，故选C项。‎ ‎3．同根词复现——词形变化的词汇复现 ‎[典例]　(2016·北京高考)It was a cold January in 1925 in Nome, Alaska.The town was cut off from the rest of the world due to heavy snow.‎ ‎...‎ How could the medicine get to Nome? The town’s 39.harbor was already full of ice, so it couldn’t come by ship.Cars and horses couldn’t travel on the 40 roads.‎ ‎40．A.narrow B．snowy C．busy D．dirty 分析：本题可以利用同根词复现解题。根据选文第一段可知，大雪覆盖了道路，切断了小镇与世界的联系，故汽车和马无法在满是雪的(snowy)道路上行进，空格处与第一段最后一个单词snow是同根词复现。故选B。‎ ‎4．上下义词复现——总括与分述的词汇复现 ‎[典例]　(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)Sitting back in the car on the way to the airport, I figured it all out.Rani’s 59 — her warm smile, her nods, her ‘I’m here for you’ 60.attitude — were all silent signals that didn’t travel through wires.‎ ‎59．A.forgiveness B．eagerness C．friendliness D．skillfulness 分析：本题可以利用上下义词复现解题。根据下文“她温暖的微笑，她的点头，她的’我在这里为你我服务’的态度”等表明瑞妮很友好(friendliness)，故选C。其中smile，nod等是下义词(具体行为)，friendliness是上义词(概括)。‎ ‎5．反义词 ‎[典例]　(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)I had advised the kids that while verbs (动词) may seem dull, most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ ‎50．A.simple B．unique C．fun D．clever 分析：本题可以利用反义词复现解题。根据前面的while(虽然)可知，空格处应填与dull(无聊的，枯燥无味的)意思上相反的词fun，表示“有趣的，令人快乐的”。故选C。‎ ‎(铺阴影的题目为“可利用词汇复现解题”)‎ A 体裁 话题 词数 限时 议论文 道歉 ‎263‎ ‎16分钟 Most people say “I’m sorry” many times a day for a host of trivial (琐碎的) things.These apologies are easy and usually readily 1 ， often with a response like, “No problem.” 2 ， when “I’m sorry” are the words needed to right truly hurtful words or acts, they can be the hardest ones to 3 .And even when an apology is offered with the best of intentions, it can be seriously 4 by the way in which it is worded.A poorly worded apology can 5 lasting anger and 6 an important relationship.‎ I admit to a lifetime of challenges when it comes to 7 ， especially when I thought I was right or 8 .But I recently 9 that the need for an apology is less about me than the person who is 10 by something I said or did or failed to do.I also learned that a sincere apology can be extremely 11 for the recipient (接受者) as well as the 12 .‎ After learning that a neighbour who seemed 13 due to my small errors, I wrote a 14 and apologized for my 15 .I said I wasn’t ‎ asking for 16 ， merely hoping that we could have a harmonious 17 ， and then delivered the letter with a jar of my homemade jam.‎ Expecting nothing 18 ， I was greatly relieved when my doorbell rang and the neighbour 19 me for what I had said and done.I felt as if I’d not only got rid of a(n) 20 but made a new friend, which is indeed how it played out in the days that followed.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。不找任何借口，带着诚意与尊重为自己的过失道歉，不仅会减少一个敌人，而且会多交一个朋友。‎ ‎1．A.accepted　　　　　　　 B．found C．proved D．remembered 解析：选A　根据该空后的“often with a response like, ‘No problem.’”可知，大多数人每天为各种微不足道的小事说许多次“对不起”，这些道歉容易做到，通常也易于“接受(accepted)”。‎ ‎2．A.Therefore B．Otherwise C．However D．Besides 解析：选C　根据上文中的“easy”与下文中的“hardest”的对比可知，该空前后两个句子之间是语意上的转折关系，故However符合语境。‎ ‎3．A.say B．gain C．forget D．control 解析：选A　根据该空前的“to right truly hurtful words or acts”可知，但是当“对不起”是为了弥补确实很伤人的话语或行为时，会很难“说(say)”出口。另外联系上文中的“apologies”以及该空前的“I’m sorry”可知，要道歉就是要说出口。‎ ‎4．A.described 　　　　　　 B．weakened C．recorded D．trusted 解析：选B　根据下文中的“poorly worded”与选项中的“weakened”近义词复现可知，即便你是本着最大的善意致歉，也有可能因为措辞不当而被“削弱(weakened)”。‎ ‎5．A.depend on B．look on C．take in D．result in 解析：选D　根据上文内容可知，措辞不当的道歉会“导致(result in)”持久的愤怒，也会“破坏(destroy)”一段重要的关系。‎ ‎6．A.continue B．manage C．judge D．destroy 解析：选D　参见上题解析。‎ ‎7．A.lying B．dreaming C．apologizing D．praising 解析：选C　根据“especially when I thought I was right”可知，作者承认“道歉(apologizing)”是人生的一个挑战，尤其是当他认为自己是对的，或被“误解(misunderstood)”时。其中right与misunderstood是并列关系。‎ ‎8．A.admired B．worried C．misunderstood D．delighted 解析：选C　参见上题解析。‎ ‎9．A.discovered B．expected C．promised D．feared 解析：选A　根据“But”提示和该空前后语境转折可知，“that the need ...failed to do”是作者最近“发现(discovered)”的道理。‎ ‎10．A.moved B．hurt C．attracted D．criticized 解析：选B　根据该空后的“by something I said or did or failed to do”可知，被自己所言、所行或未能做到的事“伤害(hurt)”到的人，更需要“我”的道歉。‎ ‎11．A.simple B．impossible C．beneficial D．interesting 解析：选C　根据下一段的具体事例可知，真诚的道歉不论对接受者还是“给予者(giver)”而言，都是非常“有好处的(beneficial)”。‎ ‎12．A.quitter 　　　　　　　 B．giver C．lover D．rescuer 解析：选B　参见上题解析。上文“recipient”和选项中的“giver”是反义词。‎ ‎13．A.excited B．puzzled C．embarrassed D．annoyed 解析：选D　根据该空后的“due to my small errors”以及“apologized for”可知，邻居因作者的一些小错误而“感到恼火(annoyed)”。‎ ‎14．A.letter　　　　　　 　 B．book C．story D．poem 解析：选A　根据第17空后的“delivered the letter”提示可知，作者写了一封“信(letter)”。此处为原词复现。‎ ‎15．A.jokes　　　　 　　 　 B．mistakes C．excuses D．decisions 解析：选B　根据第13空后的“small errors”和选项中的“mistakes”之间是同义词复现关系，故此处表示作者为自己的“错误(mistakes)”道歉。‎ ‎16．A.introduction B．suggestion C．forgiveness D．encouragement 解析：选C　根据该空后的“merely hoping that we could have a harmonious 17 ”以及最后一段中的“Expecting nothing”可知，作者并不请求“原谅(forgiveness)”。‎ ‎17．A.occupation B．relationship C．community D．situation 解析：选B　根据上文可知，因作者的错误破坏了他与邻居之间的关系，那么作者道歉的初衷只是希望保持一种和谐的“关系(relationship)”。‎ ‎18．A.in total B．in turn C．in brief D．in return 解析：选D　联系上下文内容可知，作者并不期待任何“回报(in return )”。‎ ‎19．A.thanked B．changed C．comforted D．helped 解析：选A　根据该空前的“greatly relieved”可知，邻居“感谢(thanked)”作者所说的话和所做的事。‎ ‎20．A.worker　　　　　　　 B．relative C．neighbour D．enemy 解析：选D　根据该空后的“but”转折可知，该空与“a new friend”形成对比，故enemy符合语境。此处“friend”与“enemy”是反义词。‎