【英语】湖北省2019-2020学年高一上学期期末联考试题(解析版)

【英语】湖北省2019-2020学年高一上学期期末联考试题(解析版)

湖北省2019-2020学年高一上学期期末联考 英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最 佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小 题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1.What did the man like when he was in college?‎ A. Pop music. B. Classical music. C. Rock music.‎ ‎2. Where are the speakers? .‎ A. On a train. B. On a bus. C. In a taxi.‎ ‎3. What will the man do next?‎ A. Take a picture. B. Read a book. C. Play with a boy.‎ ‎4.What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Who will go to the party.‎ B. Whether the party is formal.‎ C. What the woman will wear to the party.‎ ‎5.How many paper bags does the man need?‎ A. One. B. Two. C. Three.‎ 第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22. 5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个 选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读 各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. Why does the woman talk to the man?‎ A. To ask for his advice.‎ B. To borrow some money.‎ C. To tell him the price of a swimsuit.‎ ‎7. Which swimsuit will the woman get?‎ A. The brown one. B. The purple one. C. The blue one.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. Why was Darina chosen as the woman's first name?‎ A. It is her grandmother's first name.‎ B. It has a special meaning.‎ C. Her grandmother likes it.‎ ‎9. What does the name Matthew mean?‎ A. Judge. ‎ B. Gift of God. ‎ C. The man who leads the army.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10.How did the woman come to San Francisco?‎ A. By plane. B. By train. C. By car.‎ ‎11.What will the man do?‎ A. Have some coffee in a cafe.‎ B. Visit his uncle.‎ C. Pick up the woman.‎ ‎12.What does the man suggest the woman do?‎ A. Have drink B. Call her parents. C. Go around San Francisco.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Who can the man probably be?‎ A. A journalist.‎ B. A customer.‎ C. The boss of the restaurant.‎ ‎14. What is the man satisfied with?‎ A. The kitchen. B. The service. C. The food.‎ ‎15. What seems to be worrying the man most?‎ A. The restaurant is not clean.‎ B. Mice are seen in the washroom.‎ C. The food is too traditional.‎ ‎16. What do we know about the man?‎ A. He likes beef and fish best.‎ B. He has reported the restaurant.‎ C. He has owned a restaurant before.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Why did the speaker buy a car at first?‎ A. To make his life easier.‎ B. To go to school on time.‎ C. To show off among his classmates.‎ ‎18. Why did the speaker get a fine（罚金）?‎ A. He didn't buy insurance.‎ B. He was caught speeding.‎ C. He parked his car in a wrong place.‎ ‎19. How long did it take the speaker to find a parking place?‎ A. Thirty minutes.‎ B. Fifteen minutes.‎ C. Thirteen minutes.‎ ‎20. What was the speaker's headache?‎ A. He couldn't sell the car.‎ B. He was often fined for breaking traffic rules.‎ C. The car brought him much trouble.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节（共10小题;每小题2. 5分，满分25分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ A Managing a popular tourist attraction can be kind of like throwing a party — everyone wants to come and have fun, but nobody wants to help clean up when it's over. But the Faroe Islands have come up with a creative way to take care of their home and welcome visitors at the same lime.‎ An official notice on the islands' national tourism website reads "closed for maintenance (维护), open for voluntourism.”Following a successful plan this year, the country has made the decision to "close” its major tourism sights and attractions during the weekend of April 16-17, 2020. Hotels will be open, and flights will continue. That weekend, people all over the Faroe Islands will be working on environmental protection projects.‎ However, people who are just dying to visit the Faroe Islands during that weekend can sign on to help with the housekeeping. The islands are looking for 100 volunteers to come to the country to help with the caretaking efforts. There were thousands of applications for the 2019 plan, so would-be islanders better apply fast.‎ ‎"For us, tourism is not all about numbers,” Director at Visit Faroe Islands told CNN Travel earlier this year." We welcome visitors to the islands each year, but we also have a responsibility to our community and to our beautiful environment, and our aim is to protect the islands, ensuring responsible growth." The first group of voluntourists included travelers from Mexico, Israel, Australia, China and the United States. The director said that because of the surprising popularity of the volunteering weekend in 2019, the Faroes will host the event yearly. According to the Faroes' tourism authority, visits to the country have increased by 10% over the past few years.‎ ‎1. Who can visit the Faroe Islands on April 16-17, 2020?‎ A. Any tourists. B. Selected voluntourists.‎ C. Housekeepers. D. All islanders.‎ ‎2. What's the Faroes' purpose to host the yearly event!‎ A. To protect and develop their home. B. To attract more foreign visitors.‎ C. To make more money in tourism. D. To please the tourists.‎ ‎3. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. The Faroe Islands are likely to hold a party yearly.‎ B. Some tourism sights and attractions are closed for all.‎ C. All travelers have a chance to volunteer in 2020.‎ D. The plan has made some difference in recent years.‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了管理一个受欢迎的旅游景点可能有点像举办一个聚会，每个人都想来玩，但没有人愿意在结束后帮忙打扫。但法罗群岛想出了一个创造性的方法来照顾他们的家，同时欢迎游客。‎ ‎1. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的Following a successful plan this year, the country has made the decision to “close” its major tourism sights and attractions during the weekend of April 16-17, 2020. Hotels will be open, and flights will continue.(继今年的一项成功计划之后，该国决定在2020年4月16日至17日的周末“关闭”其主要旅游景点)及第三段中的However, people who are just dying to visit the Faroe Islands during that weekend can sign on to help with the housekeeping. The islands are looking for 100 volunteers to come to the country to help with the caretaking efforts.(然而，那些在那个周末非常想去法罗群岛的人可以注册帮助打理家务。这些岛屿正在寻找100名志愿者来帮助照顾工作)可知，法罗群岛决定在2020年4月16日至17日的周末“关闭”其主要旅游景点，这些岛屿正在寻找100名志愿者来帮助照顾工作。由此可知，那些被选中的游客能在2020年4月16-17日访问法罗群岛。故选B。‎ ‎2. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的But the Faroe Islands have come up with a creative way to take care of their home and welcome visitors at the same lime.可知，法罗群岛想出了一个创造性的方法来照顾他们的家，并在同一时间欢迎游客。由此推知，法罗群岛举办这个年度活动的目的是保护和发展他们的家园。故选A。‎ ‎3. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的According to the Faroes' tourism authority, visits to the country have increased by 10% over the past few years.可知，根据法罗群岛旅游当局的数据，在过去的几年里，前往该国的游客增加了10%。可知近年来，这个计划已经产生了一些影响。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】阅读是理解的前提和手段；理解是分析、加工和处理信息，是阅读的目的和结果。因此，做阅读理解题时，考生可以先看题目，然后再看文段，这样带着问题去阅读就更有目的性。如第1小题，Who can visit the Faroe Islands on April 16-17, 2020? 谁能在2020年4月16-17日访问法罗群岛？根据第二段中的Following a successful plan this year, the country has made the decision to “close” its major tourism sights and attractions during the weekend of April 16-17, 2020. Hotels will be open, and flights will continue.(继今年的一项成功计划之后，该国决定在2020年4月16日至17日的周末“关闭”其主要旅游景点)及第三段中的However, people who are just dying to visit the Faroe Islands during that weekend can sign on to help with the housekeeping. The islands are looking for 100 volunteers to come to the country ‎ to help with the caretaking efforts.(然而，那些在那个周末非常想去法罗群岛的人可以注册帮助打理家务。这些岛屿正在寻找100名志愿者来帮助照顾工作)可知，法罗群岛决定在2020年4月16日至17日的周末“关闭”其主要旅游景点，这些岛屿正在寻找100名志愿者来帮助照顾工作。由此可知，那些被选中的游客能在2020年4月16-17日访问法罗群岛。故选B。‎ B When Jason Esterhuizen was 23 in 2011, an accident blinded him. Now, eight years later, special glasses and a device (装置) inside his brain are allowing him to make out some details of the world around him.‎ In 2018, Jason moved from South Africa to California to join in a study that offered the possibility of helping him with his sight. Run by University of California and a company called Second Sight, the study aimed to lest an unusual medical product called Orion.‎ There are three important pieces to Orion. One part looks like a pair of glasses holding a camera on the person’s head, which also sends wireless signals .The second part is a tiny computer processing (处理) the video from the camera ― that’s where the sight comes from. The third part is a tiny device implanted (植入) directly into the patient’s brain, which is new and different about Orion.‎ For years, Second Sight and other companies have been working on ways to send visual information into the brains of blind people. Most of the efforts have focused on connecting to the retina (视网膜).By sending electrical signals to the retina, some visual information can be sent to the brain. So far Second Sight has given about 350 people retinal implants.‎ But a retinal implant wasn’t possible for Jason. That’s why Orion’s direct connection to the brain was especially interesting to him. Dr. Nader Pouratian, who gave Jason his implant, said, “With the system we’re testing now, you don’t even need to have eyes for the device to work.” Jason is one of the six trying out the Orion in the world.‎ Although Jason still can’t see normally, he can tell dark from light. He says he sees little white dots on a black background, like looking up at the stars at night. “Now I can do things that I couldn’t do before. It’s making my life much easier.”‎ ‎4. What does the underlined words in the first paragraph mean?‎ A. ignore B. understand C. recognize D. prove ‎5. What is mainly talked about in paragraph 3?‎ A. Where our sight comes from. B. How the product Orion works.‎ C. How people with glasses see. D. What differences Orion has.‎ ‎6. Why did Mr. Esterhuizen agree to test the Orion?‎ A. He was interested in Orion. B. Orion is equipped for free.‎ C. He wanted to move to America. D. Orion helps him recover some sight.‎ ‎7. What can we infer from the passage?‎ A. Orion is worn by the patient on the head.‎ B. Orion has been implanted in 350 people.‎ C. Orion brings simple sight to the blind.‎ D. Orion isn’t fit for patients without retinas.‎ ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。当Jason Esterhuizen在2011年23岁的时候，一场事故使他失明了，八年后，依靠一副特殊的眼镜和一个植入在大脑里的装置让他恢复了一些视力，能够分辨出周围世界的一些细节，文章介绍了这个叫Orion的装置。‎ ‎4. 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的When Jason Esterhuizen was 23 in 2011, an accident blinded him. Now, eight years later, special glasses and a device (装置) inside his brain are allowing him to make out some details of the world around him.可知，2011年，23岁的Jason Esterhuizen在一次事故中失明；八年后，一种特殊的眼镜和大脑里的一种装置让他能够make out周围世界的一些细节。根据语境可推知，划线词组make out意为“分辨”。结合选项A. ignore忽视；B. understand理解；C. recognize辨认；D. prove证明。故选C。‎ ‎5. 主旨大意题。根据第三段中的There are three important pieces to Orion. One part looks like a pair of glasses holding a camera on the person’s head, which also sends wireless signals .The second part is a tiny computer processing (处理) the video from the camera ― that’s where the sight comes from. The third part is a tiny device implanted (植入) directly into the patient’s brain, which is new and different about Orion.(Orion有三个重要的部分。其中一部分看起来像一副眼镜，在人的头上架着一个摄像头，它也会发送无线信号。第二部分是一个微型计算机处理来自摄像机的视频——‎ 这就是视觉的来源。第三部分是一个微小的设备直接植入病人的大脑，这是Orion的新奇之处)可知，第三段介绍了Orion产品的工作原理。故选B。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。根据第五段中的But a retinal implant wasn’t possible for Jason. That’s why Orion’s direct connection to the brain was especially interesting to him.可知，对杰森来说，植入视网膜是不可能的，这就是为什么他对Orion与大脑的直接联系特别感兴趣。由此推知，埃斯特豪森先生同意测试Orion因为它可以帮他恢复视力。故选D。‎ ‎7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Although Jason still can’t see normally, he can tell dark from light. He says he sees little white dots on a black background, like looking up at the stars at night.可知，虽然杰森还是不能正常地看东西，但他能分辨黑暗与光明;他说，他在黑色背景上看到小小的白点，就像在晚上抬头看见星星一样。由此推知，Orion能给盲人带来简单的视觉。故选C。‎ ‎【点睛】依据逻辑推理猜测词义：运用逻辑推理猜测词义是使用最广考查最多也最易失分的猜词方式。要求考生具备整合分散、复杂信息的能力，充分利用上下文中相关的词汇并结合具体的语境，从形式和内容上把握语言之间的内在联系，理顺语言之间的逻辑关系，进而达到猜词的目的。在第1小题中，可以根据该划线词所在的上下文语境来推测其意义。根据第一段中的When Jason Esterhuizen was 23 in 2011, an accident blinded him. Now, eight years later, special glasses and a device (装置) inside his brain are allowing him to make out some details of the world around him.可知，2011年，23岁的Jason Esterhuizen在一次事故中失明；八年后，一种特殊的眼镜和大脑里的一种装置让他能够make out周围世界的一些细节。根据语境可推知，划线词组make out意为“分辨”。结合选项A. ignore忽视；B. understand理解；C. recognize辨认；D. prove证明。故选C。‎ C I stood outside my front door catching my breath. After a lazy Christmas holiday, I had to recover from climbing stairs with carry-on bags and a suitcase. I looked up — Red tape crossed the door. I didn't understand French, but the one English word said enough, "POLICE." Google Translate told me I would be caught if I entered, so I didn't.‎ Finally, I called my rental agent (收租人).He went to the police station for more details. The thief had taken a few items from the top drawer as well as a small amount of money in the bottom drawer. Not only were my files undisturbed, but so were the TV and printer. My agent also said something about fixing the locks tomorrow and making a list for the police.‎ Then one day, I remembered that I had left another jewelry box in the flat. My heart sank as I thought of a gold locket (项链坠) with a picture of my late Grandma inside. When I realized the box was missing, the whole experience seemed to crash down on me. I cried. At the end of January, I received a letter from the police. The thief hadn't been found, and the case was closed. I slept with my purse by my bed. I hid my laptop when I showered. And then another challenge came — I was unexpectedly fired by my company.‎ One July night, I reached into my third drawer to pull out my jean shorts. I heard something fall to the ground. I looked down: It was the tiny jewelry box I thought had been stolen six months earlier. Inside was the locket with honey Grandma smiling at me, being there for me, telling me not to give up. I started to cry. I knew that things were going to be OK.‎ ‎8. What did the red tape across the writer's door mean?‎ A. The police had arrested the thief.‎ B. The house couldn't be entered freely.‎ C. The house was for sale.‎ D. The writer didn't pay the rent on time.‎ ‎9. What did the agent promise to do?‎ A. To fix the locks the next day.‎ B. To report the thief to the police.‎ C. To pay for the missing things for the writer.‎ D. To help the writer rent another flat.‎ ‎10. Why did the writer cry again?‎ A. She cried over her bad luck.‎ B. She recalled the smiling of her grandma.‎ C. She regained her confidence.‎ D. She recovered the stolen jewelry box.‎ ‎【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的东西丢失，包括含有已逝奶奶图片的金项链。后来无意间失而复得，让作者发现生活并没有那么糟糕，重新恢复了信心。‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的I looked up — Red tape crossed the door. I didn't understand French, but the one English word said enough, "POLICE." Google Translate told me I would be caught if I entered, so I didn't.( 我抬头一看——横在门口的一个封条挡住了我。我不懂法语，但是一个英语单词就足够了，“警察”。谷歌翻译告诉我，如果我进去，就会被抓，所以我没有)可知，作者门口的封条告诉他，他不能随意进去。故选B。‎ ‎9. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的My agent also said something about fixing the locks tomorrow and making a list for the police.(我的房东还说明天要修理锁，并为警察开具一个失物丢失的清单)可知，房东答应第二天把锁修好。故选A。‎ ‎10. 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Inside was the locket with honey Grandma smiling at me, being there for me, telling me not to give up. I started to cry. I knew that things were going to be OK.(里面是一个小柜子，里面亲爱的奶奶的图片在对我微笑，在那里等着我，告诉我不要放弃。我开始哭泣。我知道一切都会好起来的)可知，看到奶奶的图片让我重新恢复了信心，因此喜极而泣。故选C。‎ 第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选岀能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Developing a hobby makes you an interesting person and gives you something fun and enjoyable to do in your free time. ___11___ So how can you find a suitable hobby for yourself? Find what interests you.‎ If you try to force yourself into a hobby that you hate, it’s not going to last! ___12___ For example, if you enjoy watching sports on television, you might have fun playing one. If you pick out something you like, you’re more likely to find a hobby that you still stick with (坚持)!‎ Determine the availability (有效性) of resources.‎ Make a list of what interests you, and determine what you can afford. While it may be easier to list the possible hobbies that you can develop, the real question is whether you will be able to afford it or not. ___13___‎ Remove the unrealistic options (选择).‎ ‎___14___ But you can’t choose it for some reason. For example, you may like oil painting a great deal, but you can’t paint, as others in the house may find the smell unpleasant.‎ Try out the hobby options .‎ Once you have removed the unrealistic hobbies, it will become easier for you to know your actual possibilities. ___15___ In fact, you also have the chance of trying out all the hobbies that remain on the list and know what keeps you the most interesting. Once you have tried out all the hobby options, pick up the one that you believe you will be able to enjoy for long.‎ A. Figure out what sports fit you.‎ B. However, you should not wait to get started.‎ C. Instead, try turning what you love into a new hobby.‎ D. Make sure only realistic and practical options remain on the list.‎ E. Consider the tools for your hobby and let go of the hobbies you can’t afford.‎ F. You may be interested in a particular hobby and want to pick it up immediately.‎ G. It also opens up new opportunities of meeting people who keep similar interests.‎ ‎【答案】11. G 12. C 13. E 14. F 15. B ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章介绍了培养一个爱好会使你成为一个有趣的人，并在你空闲的时候给你一些有趣和愉快的事情去做，就此作者给出了一些建议。‎ ‎11. 根据前文Developing a hobby makes you an interesting person and gives you something fun and enjoyable to do in your free time.可知，培养一个爱好会使你成为一个有趣的人，并在你空闲的时候给你一些有趣和愉快的事情去做。G项：It also opens up new opportunities of meeting people who keep similar interests.(这也为结识志同道合的人提供了新的机会)符合文意，故选G。‎ ‎12. 根据后文For example, if you enjoy watching sports on television, you might have fun playing one.可知，例如，如果你喜欢看电视上的体育节目，你可能会玩得很开心。C项：Instead, try turning what you love into a new hobby.(相反，试着把你的爱好变成一种新的爱好)符合文意，故选C。‎ ‎13. 根据前文While it may be easier to list the possible hobbies that you can develop, the real question is whether you will be able to afford it or not.可知，虽然列出你可以培养的爱好可能比较容易，但真正的问题是你能否负担得起。E项：Consider the tools for your hobby and let go of the hobbies you can't afford.(考虑一下你的爱好，放弃那些你负担不起的爱好)符合文意，故选E。‎ ‎14. 根据后文But you can't choose it for some reason. For example, you may like oil painting a great deal, but you can’t paint, as others in the house may find the smell unpleasant.可知，但由于某些原因，你不能选择它。例如，你可能很喜欢油画，但你不能画，因为房子里的其他人可能会觉得气味难闻。F项：You may be interested in a particular hobby and want to pick it up immediately.(你可能对某个特别的爱好感兴趣，想要马上开始)符合文意，故选F。‎ ‎15. 根据前文Once you have removed the unrealistic hobbies, it will become easier for you to know your actual possibilities.可知，一旦你消除了那些不现实的爱好，你就会更容易知道你真正的潜力。B项：However, you should not wait to get started.(然而，你不应该等待开始)符合文意，故选B。‎ 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节;满分45分）‎ 第一节 完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ One businessman was in debt and couldn’t find a way out. Banks were ___16___ him. Suppliers were demanding for a payment. He was sitting in the park, totally ___17___ He was thinking what could save the company when an old man appeared.‎ After listening to him, the old man ___18___ to help. He asked the businessman's name, wrote a ___19___ and said, “Take this money. We will meet here ___20___ in one year, and you can return it to me then.” Afterwards, the old man ___21___and disappeared.‎ The businessman saw a cheque for $500,000, ___22___ by John Rockefeller one of the richest in the world at that time! “I could ___23___ all my problems immediately!” He thought. ___24___, the businessman decided to put the cheque in his safe (保险柜). Only one thought of its ____25____ gave him strength to save his business.‎ With the ____26____ of his optimism (乐观), he got out of debt and started to make money again during a couple of months.‎ One year later, he returned to the ____27____ with the same cheque. At the ____28____ time the old man appeared again. The businessman was about to return the cheque and share his story of ____29____ when a nurse ran up. “I hope he wasn’t ____30____ you. He always runs away from the hospital and tells he is John Rockefeller.” She explained.‎ The businessman was extremely ____31____ During the whole year he was busy with his business, for he was ____32____ that he had half a million dollars. And suddenly he felt _____33_____that it wasn’t the money, real or ____34____, that turned his life up. It was his new ____35____ and belief that gave him strength to achieve what he had.‎ ‎16. A. searching B. supporting C. pressing D. judging ‎17. A. defeated B. shocked C. determined D. encouraged ‎18. A. refused B. offered C. hesitated D. remembered ‎19. A. letter B. cheque C. sentence D. number ‎20. A. nearly B. frequently C. exactly D. generally ‎21. A. turned around B. sat down C. passed away D. held back ‎22. A. earned B. raised C. released D. signed ‎23. A. take control of B. lose sight of ‎ C. put an end to D. have a command of ‎24. A. Also B. Therefore C. Besides D. However ‎25. A. change B. existence C. amount D. burden ‎26. A. return B. loss C. shake D. discovery ‎27. A. company B. hospital C. bank D. park ‎28. A. proper B. agreed C. unexpected D. wrong ‎29. A. failure B. suffering C. success D. devotion ‎30. A. bothering B. begging C. comforting D. disappointing ‎31. A. satisfied B. confused C. concerned D. impressed ‎32. A. doubtful B. sensitive C. anxious D. sure ‎33. A. grateful B. painful C. regretful D. unfair ‎34. A. illegal B. secret C. imaginary D. artificial ‎35. A. glory B. relief C. solution D. confidence ‎【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 19. B 20. C 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是记叙文。一位商人负债累累的时候遇到了一个老人，他给了商人一张50万美元的支票。商人靠着自己的自信，成功地度过了难关。一年以后归还支票的时候却发现，那却是一个神经病人给的假支票。由此感叹，最终改变了自己生活的不是外在的物质的东西，而是内在的自信和信念给了他实现梦想的力量。‎ ‎16. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：银行向他施压。A. searching搜寻；B. supporting支持；C. pressing压；D. judging判断。根据前文One businessman was in debt and couldn’t find a way out.可知，银行在给他压力。故选C。‎ ‎17. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他坐在公园里，完全被打败了。A. defeated击败；B. shocked震动；C. determined决心；D. encouraged鼓励。根据前文Banks were ______ him. Suppliers were demanding for a payment.可知，他完全被打败了。故选A。‎ ‎18. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：老人听了他的话，表示愿意帮忙。A. refused拒绝；B. offered提供；C. hesitated犹豫；D. remembered记住。根据后文Take this money.可知，老人提供了帮助。故选B。‎ ‎19. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他问了商人的名字，写了一张支票说：“把这些钱拿去。我们一年后准确地在这里见面，到时你可以把它还给我。”A. letter信；B. cheque支票；C. sentence句子；D. number数字。根据后文Take this money. We will meet here ______ in one year, and you can return it to me then.可知，老人给他写了一个支票。故选B。‎ ‎20. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他问了商人的名字，写了一张支票说：“把这些钱拿去。我们恰好一整年后在这里见面，到时你可以把它还给我。”A. nearly差不多；B. frequently不间断地；C. exactly确切地，恰好； D. generally通常地。根据语境可，此处用exactly强调时间，约定恰好一整年后的此地见面。故选C。‎ ‎21. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后，老人转身消失了。A. turned around转过来；B. sat down坐下；C. passed away去世；D. held back阻挡，退缩。根据空后and disappeared可知，老人说完这些话应该是转身离开了。故选A。‎ ‎22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：商人看到一张50万美元的支票，上面有约翰·洛克菲勒的签名，他是当时世界上最富有的人之一！A. earned赚得；B. raised抬高；C. released释放；D. signed签名。根据语境可知，此处指由John Rockefeller签名的支票。故选D。‎ ‎23. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我可以马上解决我所有的问题！A. take control of控制；B. lose sight of看不见；C. put an end to结束；D. have a command of精通。根据前文The businessman saw a cheque for $500,000可知，这些钱可以让他所有的麻烦结束了。故选C。‎ ‎24. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，商人决定把支票放在他的保险柜里。A. Also也；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides况且；D. However然而。根据后文Only one thought of its ___10___ gave him strength to save his business.可知，他没有用这笔钱，所以是转折。故选D.‎ ‎25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：只要一想到它的存在，他就有力量挽救他的生意。A. change改变；B. existence存在；C. amount数额； D. burden负担。根据语境可知，此处指想到它的存在。故选B。‎ ‎26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着乐观精神的回归，他摆脱了债务，几个月后又开始赚钱了。A. return返回；B. loss损失；C. shake摇晃；D. discovery发现。根据前文He was sitting in the park, totally ___2___.可知，此处指乐观情绪的恢复。故选A。‎ ‎27. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一年后，他带着同样的支票回到了公园。A. company公司；B. hospital医院；C. bank 银行；D. park公园。根据前文可知，商人在公园里遇到的老人，而且约定一年后归还支票，因此一年后他又去了公园。故选D。‎ ‎28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在约定的时间，老人又出现了。A. proper合适的；B. agreed同意；C. unexpected没有预料的；D. wrong错误的。这里应该是约定的时间。故选B。‎ ‎29. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：商人正准备把支票退回去、跟老人分享他成功的故事，这时一位护士跑了过来。A. failure错误；B. suffering伤害；C. success成功；D. devotion奉献。根据语境可知，商人正准备跟这个老人分享自己成功的故事。故选C。‎ ‎30. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我希望他没有打扰你。他总是从医院跑出来，说自己是约翰·洛克菲勒。”她解释说。A. bothering打扰；B. begging乞求；C. comforting使舒服；D. disappointing使失望。根据语境可知，护士希望老人没有打扰到商人。故选A。‎ ‎31. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：商人非常困惑。A. satisfied满意的；B. confused迷惑的；C. concerned关心的；D. impressed印象深刻的。根据语境可知，这个商人对护士的话感到非常的迷惑。故选B。‎ ‎32. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这一年里，他忙着自己的生意，因为他确信自己有50万美元。A. doubtful怀疑的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. anxious焦急的；D. sure确信的。根据前文Only one thought of its ___10___ gave him strength to save his business.可知，商人确信自己有50万美元。故选D。‎ ‎33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，他感到庆幸——并不是金钱，不管是真实的还是想象的——使他的生活好转。A. grateful感激的，庆幸；B. painful疼痛的；C. regretful后悔的；D. unfair不公平的。根据语境可知，此处指商人突然有所感悟，他感到很庆幸。故选A。‎ ‎34. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：突然间，他感到庆幸——并不是金钱，不管是真实的还是想象的——使他的生活好转。A. illegal非法的；B. secret秘密；C. imaginary想象；D. artificial人工的。根据语境可知，此处指想象的钱。故选C。‎ ‎35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：是他新的信心和信念给了他力量去实现他所拥有的。A. glory光荣；B. relief 释放；C. solution解决方案；D. confidence自信。根据前文With the ___11___ of his optimism (乐观), he got out of debt and started to make money again during a couple of months.及文章叙述可知，正是他新的自信和信念给了他实现自己所拥有的一切的力量。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第12小题，要求判断出商人一年后带着同样的支票去了哪里。根据前文可知，商人在公园里遇到的老人，而且约定一年后归还支票，因此一年后他又去了公园。A. company公司；B. hospital医院；C. bank 银行；D. park公园。故选D。‎ 第二节 语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ For many parents, making sure that their children get the right amount of sleep can be stressful. This is especially true during high-pressure times such as exams ___36___ students study all night for the next day. ___37___(unfortunate), it is often counterproductive (适得其反的) because with fewer hours to sleep, the brain doesn’t get enough time to keep ___38___they’ve studied the night before.‎ Poor sleep will have all sorts of negative effects on teenagers, including the rise in blood pressure, and ___39___(patient) behaviors. Without enough sleep, the brain can no longer work ___40___(deal) with information properly and use information already ___41___(learn).‎ So, how can parents help? If you think your child needs more sleep, try making gradual adjustments to their sleeping habits. So far, studies ___42___(show) improvements in changing sleep patterns. And remember your children are going through ___43___ period of time in their ‎ lives when their brains and bodies are going through a lot of ___44___(change). Not only is your job to help make a difference, but it’s also to ride the wave with them. It may not be easy, but they will thank you ____45____ your help eventually.‎ ‎【答案】36. when ‎37. Unfortunately ‎38. what 39. impatient ‎40. to deal ‎41. learned/learnt ‎42. have shown/showed ‎43. a 44. changes ‎45. for ‎【解析】‎ 本文是说明文。文章讲述睡眠不足会对青少年产生各种负面影响，并且讲述了父母怎么能帮孩子有充足的睡眠。‎ ‎36. 考查定语从句。先行词为exams，在定语从句中做时间状语，所以用when引导。故填when。‎ ‎37. 考查副词。修饰句子，所以用副词。故填Unfortunately。‎ ‎38. 考查宾语从句。此处为宾语从句，连接词在宾语从句中做宾语，表示“……的东西”，应使用what引导。故填what。‎ ‎39. 考查形容词。句意：睡眠不足会对青少年产生各种负面影响，包括血压升高和不耐烦的行为。此处表示一些负面行为，即“不耐烦的行为”，impatient“不耐烦的”。故填impatient。‎ ‎40. 考查不定式。句意：没有足够的睡眠，大脑就不能正常地处理信息和使用已经学过的信息。此处作动词work的宾语，所以用不定式。故填to deal。‎ ‎41. 考查过去分词。句意见上。learn和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。故填learned或learnt。‎ ‎42. 考查时态。so far和现在完成时态连用。故填have shown/showed。‎ ‎43. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配：a period of“一段时期”。故填a。‎ ‎44. 考查名词的数。change“变化”，为可数名词，前面有a lot of，所以用复数。故填changes。‎ ‎45. 考查固定搭配。固定搭配：thank sb. for sth.“因为某事感谢某人”。故填for 第四部分 写作(共两节;满分40分)‎ 第一节 应用文写作(满分15分)‎ ‎46.假定你是中学生李华，得知2022年北京冬奥会组委会正通过China Daily招募志愿者。请根据以下要点，给组委会写一封英文信，提出申请。内容包括：‎ ‎1.写信目的；‎ ‎2.说明个人优势：精通英语，热爱运动，有类似经历；‎ ‎3.希望申请成功。‎ 注意：1.词数80左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3.结束语已为你写好。‎ Dear Sir/Madame,‎ ‎_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ I'm looking forward to your early reply.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【答案】Dear Sir/Madame,‎ I'm Li Hua, a high school student from Beijing. Interested in the 2022 Winter Olympics, I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.‎ I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the voluntary job. Above all, I'm a fluent English speaker so that I have no difficulty communicating with the visitors. Besides, keen on sports, I'm quite familiar with different events and the locations of the venues as a local. Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times, which is also an advantage over other candidates. As a warm-hearted and unselfish teenager, I do believe I can do the job well if I'm granted a chance.‎ Any favorable consideration of my application or a personal interview would be appreciated. I'm looking forward to your early response/reply.‎ Yours sincerely,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求写一封申请信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一封申请信；假定你是中学生李华，得知2022年北京冬奥会组委会正通过China Daily招募志愿者。请根据以下要点，给组委会写一封英文信，提出申请。内容包括：1.写信目的；2.说明个人优势：精通英语，热爱运动，有类似经历；3.希望申请成功。时态应为一般现在时、一般将来时。人称使用第一人称。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：the 2022 Winter Olympics(2022年北京冬奥会)，volunteer(志愿者)，apply(申请)，a fluent English speaker(英语流利)，keen on sports(热爱运动)等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如同位语I'm Li Hua, a high school student from Beijing.形容词做状语Interested in the 2022 Winter Olympics, I'm writing to apply to be a volunteer in the games.非谓语动词I feel I have the necessary qualifications and experience needed for the voluntary job.非限定性定语从句Equally importantly, I previously served as a volunteer several times, which is also an advantage over other candidates.全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节概要写作（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。‎ Is early childhood education really necessary? Early childhood education mainly focuses on learning through playing to develop the child’s physical, sensory (感官的), communicational and social development. Early childhood education has become a concern of the government, who pushes poor children to be formally trained before they are old enough for kindergarten.‎ There are good reasons for the government to push early childhood education. Studies have shown that orphans (孤儿) who did not receive good care and education become developmentally delayed, causing failure in school, and even in life. Further studies show that poor children who ‎ take part in Head Start programs are more prepared for school, less likely to end up in Special Education classes, and are less likely to receive public help or go to prison.‎ There are also negative parts to putting a child in formal education programs too early. Time Magazine online explains that “the younger the child, the less his chances of catching up with first-grade work.” I have personally seen many children of my generation who went to Head Start programs become discouraged and bored with school before they finished high school. Yet parents have been sure that the earlier the child starts school, the better he or she is, so they push to start children earlier.‎ Actually while early formal education of poor children does show great gains in the early elementary years, studies also show that this head start is really a “false start”, as the gains are lost in middle and high school years. It seems that environment is a bigger factor (因素) on life’s success than early education. Head Start programs have not achieved its original goal in closing the achievement gap (差距) in poor and middle school children. Perhaps it is time to find other ways to close that gap.‎ ‎___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】The passage tells us that government values the early childhood education in order to get the children prepared for the kindergarten.(要点1) There are good reasons for this. For one thing, orphaned children not receiving good care and education will fail in later life.(要点2)For another, poor children who participate in Head Start programs will succeed in school.(要点3) There are downsides to giving children a formal education too early.(要点4)So better ways should be found to help the poor children.(要点5)‎ ‎【解析】‎ 本篇书面表达属于概要写作。‎ ‎【详解】概要写作是将阅读与写作有机结合，要求考生既能读懂文章信息，又要依据要求规范连贯地表达内容，其中准确概括很有挑战且十分重要，根据记叙文、议论文、说明文等不同文体作相应概括，总的来说，遵循以下步骤：确定主题句；寻找关键词；重构主题句；重组支持句。如本篇文章第一段引出话题：政府重视幼儿教育，使孩子们为幼儿园做好准备；第二段分析政府重视幼儿教育的原因；第三指出过早地让孩子接受正规教育也有消极的一面；第四段指出“启智计划”在缩小贫困和中学生成绩差距方面没有达到最初的目标，也许是时候找到其他方法来弥补这一差距了。书写时注意使用适当的连接词连接这些要点，使上下句之间具有连贯性。概要写作的基础是理解语篇，而读懂语篇的基础是词汇，尤其是对关键词汇的掌握与运用。在此基础上，综合运用语法与句法结构，按照行文逻辑组织语言，就可以写出很好的概要。‎ ‎【点睛】作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型。如The passage tells us that government values the early childhood education in order to get the children prepared for the kindergarten.(不定式作目的状语)；For one thing, orphans not receiving good care and education will fail in later life.(使用了现在分词修饰orphans)；For another, poor children who participate in Head Start programs will succeed in school.(使用了who引导定语从句)等。‎