高考英语一轮精选练Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版必修520180831174

高考英语一轮精选练Unit4Makingthenews含解析新人教版必修520180831174

Unit 4 Making the news 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ ‎（2019·四川成都高中毕业班检测）‎ Fans of the movie Finding Nemo may remember the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin at the bottom of a trench.‎ But in reality this “monster”， a black seadevil， is only about ‎9 cm long， which would make it about a third of the size of Dory and potentially smaller than Marlin or Nemo.‎ While this inaccuracy may seem harmless， it could cause problems for future conservation efforts， as people are more likely to support conservation of adorable rather than scarylooking animals.‎ The black seadevil is just one of the mysterious “monsters”. From 2019 to 2019， scientists described about 1，200 new species in the Census of Marine Life. While this figure may seem astonishing， a further 5，000 individual dead creatures are in specimen（标本） jars， waiting to be described.‎ Specimens must be methodically collected， identified， and then the identity of new deepwater species must be confirmed.‎ If we call unusual deepsea animals monsters， then we may harm their conservation as people are unlikely to be connected with them or care about saving them.‎ On the other hand， their rarity clearly makes them popular on social media sites. For other species， this has already resulted in increases in illegal trading for unusual pets. Deepsea species may potentially become illegally obtained specimens or food. Humans may end up eating these animals of the deep sea to extinction before their species are even known to science.‎ Every habitat on earth is interconnected， and whatever we as humans do has an influence on marine ecosystems. In reality， about 80% of our oxygen is produced by microorganisms（微生物） in the oceans. This makes our oceans both the lungs and lifeblood of our planet and we must all try harder to save them.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文主要从电影里对深海物种的不准确认识，谈到了保护深海物种的重要性。‎ ‎1.What can we know about the black seadevil in reality？‎ A.People benefit greatly from the oxygen produced by it.‎ B.Its body size is a big threat to fish like Dory and Nemo.‎ C.Its scary appearance will cause problems for conservation.‎ D.People didn’t know much about it when filming Finding Nemo.‎ D　解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“the terrifying fish that scares Dory and Marlin”并结合第二段的整体内容可知，拍摄这部电影时，人们对这种物种了解很少，故选D。‎ ‎2.What does the author think of the progress of describing new species？‎ A.Acceptable.　　　　　　 B．Surprising.‎ C.Unsatisfying. D．Hopeless.‎ C　解析：观点态度题。根据第四段的最后一句可推知，作者认为科学家对海洋新物种的研究不能令人满意，故选C。‎ ‎3.What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 7 probably refer to？‎ A.Their popularity on social media sites.‎ B.Their rarity among sea creatures.‎ C.Their conservation being harmed.‎ D.Their importance being ignored.‎ A　解析：代词指代题。根据第七段的第一句可推知，此处的this指代上文稀有物种在社交媒体网站上受青睐的状况，故选A。‎ ‎4.What can we infer about those unusual sea animals？‎ A.They are the lungs and lifeblood of our planet.‎ B.Confirming their identity is very urgent for protection.‎ C.Most of them are becoming illegally obtained specimens.‎ D.Adorable ones are more likely to be posted on social media sites.‎ B　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第三段可推知，科学地认知稀有物种对于对这些物种的保护很紧迫，故选B。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．It is necessary that we keep the young generation (inform) of the current affairs.‎ 答案：informed ‎2．A man helping an old lady who fell on the floor to get up on a bus ended up (accuse) of causing her injury.‎ 答案：being accused ‎3．Don’t defend him any more. It’s obvious that he (deliberate) destroyed the fence of the garden even without apology.‎ 答案：deliberately ‎4． (acquire) a good knowledge of English, he gave up his job and went to study in an English school.‎ 答案：To acquire ‎5．It is every citizen’s demand that the murderer who killed three children (punish)．‎ 答案：(should) be punished ‎6．The teacher will put forward a variety of questions, (depend) on your different answers.‎ 答案：depending ‎7．The diligent man is (achieve) his goal, because he spares no effort to do the best for every detail.‎ 答案：to achieve ‎8．(2019·银川质检)My parents didn’t approve my leaving school this year and I had to accept it.‎ 答案：of ‎9．You should get down to your study from now on. Please concentrate what is of great importance for your future development.‎ 答案：on ‎10．What are you doing out of bed, Tom? You are supposed (be) asleep.‎ 答案：to be 三、完形填空。‎ ‎(2019·河北石家庄高三复习教学质量检测)When my sister Diane began playing the violin, she was seven. How did she sound? Terrible. But she didn’t 1 . At twelve, she asked our parents if she could ‎2 a fulltime music school. They said no. Actually, everyone agreed that my sister 3 talent. ‎ I was better at my 4 . My teacher had told my parents that I had great 5 . So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area to 6 me. But the only time he was 7 was Saturday afternoons at 3 p．m. Back then, I was 8 about the British TV show The Avengers, which was 9 every Saturday at 3 p．m. I let nothing take up my The Avengers hour. So I 10 this amazing opportunity.Today, I don’t even have a ‎11 in my house.‎ My sister became an engineer, but she 12 stopped making music. When she was in her 40s, she switched her 13 . She went back to college，got a(n) ‎14 in music education，and became a music teacher. She starts kids off on their first instrument and gives them all the encouragement and support she never 15 ．‎ Recently, she and a pianist pal put on a recital. A big crowd of friends and family 16 for her. As she played, I looked around at the 17 . Everyone was 18 enjoying the music. It occurred to me that I was the only person that remembered ‎ that 7yearold kid making those perfectly 19 sounds and knew how far she had come, despite 20 ．‎ Talent is important. But enthusiasm is even more important.‎ ‎【解题导语】　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，通过讲述妹妹追求梦想的经历告诉我们：天赋很重要，但更重要的是热情。‎ ‎1．A.advance B．quit C．reflect D．listen B　解析：根据上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了；结合本句的“But”表示的转折意义可知，但她没有放弃(quit)。‎ ‎2．A.inspect B．open C．attend D．visit C　解析：根据上文可知，尽管妹妹的小提琴演奏得很糟糕，但是她仍不愿放弃；据此可以判断，本句句意为：在十二岁时，她问父母她是否可以去全日制的音乐学校上学。attend school为固定搭配，意为“上学”。‎ ‎3．A.lacked B．spotted C．possessed D．admired A　解析：根据上文的“They said no.”和父母没有答应让她去全日制音乐学校学习可以判断，每个人都认为“我”的妹妹缺乏(lacked)天赋，故A项正确。‎ ‎4．A.major B．project C．composition D．instrument D　解析：根据本段第三句的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，与妹妹相比，“我”更擅长“我”的乐器。‎ ‎5．A.patience B．enthusiasm C．potential D．ambition C　解析：根据下文的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可知，“我”的父母为“我”找了当地最好的钢琴老师来教“我”学钢琴；据此可以判断，老师告诉父母说“我”很有潜能(potential)。A项意为“耐心”，B项意为“热情”，D项意为“抱负”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6．A.train B．examine C．correct D．challenge A　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“培训，教育”；B项意为“检查”；C项意为“改正”；D项意为“挑战”。‎ ‎7．A.punctual B．skillful C．occupied D．available D　解析：根据语境可知，钢琴老师只有每周六下午三点有空。D项意为“有空的”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“准时的”，B项意为“技术好的”，C项意为“使用中”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎8．A.sensitive B．crazy C．serious D．particular B　解析：根据本句中的“about the British TV show”可判断，“我”热衷于一档英国电视节目。be crazy about为固定搭配，意为“热衷于”，故B项正确。A项意为“敏感的”，C项意为“严肃的”，D项意为“特别的，挑剔”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎9．A.filmed B．designed C．aired D．commented C　解析：根据该句中的“every Saturday at 3 p．m.”可知，这档英国电视节目在每周六的下午三点播放。air在本句中意为“播出，播送”，属于熟词生义，故C项正确。A项意为“拍电影”，B项意为“设计”，D项意为“评论”。‎ ‎10．A.jumped at B．turned down C．waited for D．opened up B　解析：根据前一句可知，“我”不让任何事情占用“我”看这档节目的时间，据此可以判断，“我”拒绝了这一机会。B项意为“拒绝”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“迫不及待地接受”，C项意为“等待，等候”，D项意为“打开”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎11．A.tutor B．violin C．musician D．piano D　解析：根据本段的“So my parents found the best piano teacher in the area”可以判断，由于“我”拒绝了学钢琴，所以现在家里甚至一台钢琴也没有，故D项正确。‎ ‎12．A.never B．once C．already D．even A　解析：根据空后两句可知，“我”妹妹在四十几岁时上大学学习音乐；据此可知，‎ 尽管“我”妹妹成了一名工程师，但是她从未(never)停止对音乐的追求，故A项正确。‎ ‎13．A.attitude B．career C．plan D．position B　解析：根据下文的“and became a music teacher”可知，在她四十几岁时，她改变了职业(career)，从工程师成为一名音乐老师，故B项正确。A项意为“态度”，C项意为“计划”，D项意为“地位”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎14．A.scholarship B．sponsor C．degree D．assistant C　解析：根据句中的“She went back to college”和“and became a music teacher”可知，她重返大学学习音乐，并取得了音乐教育的学位(degree)，成了一名音乐老师。A项意为“奖学金”，B项意为“赞助人”，D项意为“助手”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎15．A.provided B．imagined C．received D．expected C　解析：根据上文可知，“我”的父母认为妹妹没有音乐天赋，拒绝了妹妹上全日制音乐学校的请求，据此可以判断，妹妹做音乐老师时，给了孩子们她未曾得到(received)的鼓励和支持。A项意为“提供”，B项意为“想象”，D项意为“期望”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎16．A.voted B．feared C．stayed up D．turned up D　解析：根据上文的“put on a recital”可知，妹妹和一位钢琴家举办了一场演奏会；据此可以判断，朋友和家人们都到场了。A项意为“投票”，B项意为“担心，害怕”，C项意为“熬夜”，D项意为“到达，露面”。‎ ‎17．A.students B．audience C．spotlights D．platform B　解析：根据下文的“enjoying the music”可知，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的音乐；据此可知，“我”环顾了四周的观众(audience)，故B项正确。A项意为“学生”，C项意为“聚光灯”，D项意为“平台，讲台”。‎ ‎18．A.obviously B．desperately C．appropriately D．anxiously A　解析：根据本句中的“enjoying the music”可知，很显然(obviously)，所有人都在欣赏妹妹演奏的音乐。B项意为“极其”，C项意为“恰当地”，D项意为“着急地”，‎ 都与语境不符。‎ ‎19．A.booming B．pleasing C．awful D．powerful C　解析：根据上文的“How did she sound？Terrible.”可知，七岁时，“我”妹妹的小提琴演奏得糟糕透了(awful)，故C项正确。A项意为“迅速发展的”，B项意为“令人愉快的”，D项意为“有力量的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎20．A.everything B．something C．everybody D．somebody A　解析：根据本句中的“and knew how far she had come，despite”并结合上文可知，“我”想起了妹妹七岁时演奏小提琴的糟糕的声音，只有“我”知道她不顾一切(everything)走了多远。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．I can think of many cases that the media have a strong effect on young men. ‎ 答案：that →where ‎2．You’d better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. ‎ 答案：去掉of ‎3．They decided to go on holiday for a week because all the tasks have been fulfilled ahead of the time. ‎ 答案：去掉time前的the ‎4．You can depend on that he will come to help you when needed. ‎ 答案：on后加it ‎5．(江西卷)Never before she seen anybody who can play tennis as well as Robert. ‎ 答案：在before后加has 五、单元语法——倒装句 ‎1．(2019·广东执信中学期中)So difficult I find it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice.‎ 答案：did ‎2．(2019·安徽安庆四校联考)—How was the weather then?‎ ‎—Hardly I stepped off the plane when it started to rain.‎ 答案：had ‎3．(2019·北京海淀区一模)Hard it is, the Chinese government is determined to open up the new Silk Road.‎ 答案：as/though ‎4．(2019·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟)In front of our school (stand) a tower on whose top we can have a clear view of the lake.‎ 答案：stands ‎5．At the top of the hill (lie) an old cottage which has a wonderful view of the whole city.‎ 答案：lies