高考真题——英语全国卷解析

高考真题——英语全国卷解析

‎ ‎ ‎2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（大纲版全国I）【参考答案版】‎ 第Ⅰ卷 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ ‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例:How much is the shirt?‎ ‎ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.15. C. ￡9.18. ‎ 答案是B。‎ ‎1. Where does this conversation probably take place?‎ A．In a bookstore.‎ ziyuanku.comB. In a classroom.‎ C. In a library.‎ ‎2.At what time will the film begin?‎ A.7:20‎ B.7:15‎ C.7:00‎ ‎3. What are the two speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. Their friend Jane.‎ B. A weekend trip.‎ C. A radio programme.‎ ‎4. What will the woman probably do?‎ A. Catch a train.‎ B. See the man off. ‎ C. Go shopping.‎ ‎5. Why did the woman apologize?‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ A. She made a late delivery.‎ ‎ B. She went to the wrong place.‎ C. She couldn't take the cake back.‎ 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ ‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料, 回答第6、 7题。‎ ‎6. Whose CD is broken?‎ A. Kathy's.‎ B. Mum's.‎ C. Jack's.‎ ‎7. What does the boy promise to do for the girl?‎ A. Buy her a new CD.‎ B. Do some cleaning.‎ C. Give her 10 dollars.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What did the man think of the meal?‎ A. Just so-so.‎ B. Quite satisfactory.‎ C. A bit disappointing.‎ ‎9. What was the 15% on the bill paid for?‎ A. The food.‎ B. The drinks.‎ C. The service.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Why is the man at the shop?‎ A. To order a camera for his wife.‎ B. To have a camera repaired.‎ C. To get a camera changed.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎11. What color does the man want?‎ A. Pink.‎ B. Black.‎ C. Orange.‎ ‎12. What will the man do afterwards?‎ A. Make a phone call.‎ B. Wait until further notice.‎ C. Come again the next day.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. What would Joe probably do during the Thanksgiving holiday?‎ A. Go to a play.‎ B. Stay at home.‎ C. Visit Kingston. ‎ ‎14. What is Ariel going to do in Toronto?‎ ‎ A. Attend a party.‎ ‎ B. Meet her aunt.‎ ‎ C. See a car show.‎ ‎15. Why is Ariel in a hurry to leave?‎ ‎ A. To call up Betty.‎ ‎ B. To buy some DVDs.‎ ‎ C. To pick up Daniel.‎ ‎16. What might be the relationship between the speakers?‎ ‎ A. Classmates.‎ ‎ B. Fellow workers.‎ ‎ C. Guide and tourist.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. Where does Thomas Manning work?‎ ‎ A. In the Guinness Company.‎ ‎ B. At a radio station.‎ ‎ C. In a museum.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎18. Where did the idea of a book of records come from?‎ ‎ A. A bird-shooting trip.‎ ‎ B. A visit to Europe.‎ ‎ C. A television talk show.‎ ‎19. When did Sir Hugh's first book of records ‎ A. In 1875.‎ ‎ B. In 1950.‎ ‎ C. In 1955.‎ ‎20. What are the two speakers going to talk about next?‎ ‎ A. More records of unusual facts.‎ ‎ B. The founder of the company.‎ C. The oldest person in the world 第二部 分英语知识运用 (共两节.满分45分)‎ ziyuanku.com第一节 单项填空 (共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分)‎ 从A、B、C、D四个选项中.选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ 例：We last night ,but we went to the concert instead A. must have studied B. might study ‎ C. should have studied D. would study 答案是：C ‎21.---Which one of these do you want?‎ ‎ --- . Either will do .‎ A. I don't mind B. I'm sure C. No problem D. Go ahead - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎22. Sarah looked at finished painting with satisfaction.‎ A.不填；a B. a; the C. the; 不填 D. the; a ‎23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step ”‎ A. has shown B. is showing C. shows D. showed ‎24. It is by no means clear the president can do to end the strike.‎ A. how B. which C. that D. what ‎25. I don't believe we've met before, I must say you do look familiar.‎ A. therefore B. although C. since D. unless - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much _______.‎ A. the best B. best C. better D. the better ‎27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can almost every word her teacher says.‎ ‎ A. put out B. put down ‎ C. put away D. put together ‎28. The party will be held in the garden, weather .‎ A. permitting B. to permit ‎ C. permitted D. permit ‎29. This restaurant wasn't that other restaurant we went to.‎ ‎ A. half as good as B. as half good as ‎ C. as good as half D. good as half as - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎30. I use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.‎ A. couldn't B. mustn't 来源：www.ziyuanku.comC. shouldn't D. needn't ‎【考点定位】考查情态动词的用法。‎ ‎31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but of them wants to, because they have work to do.‎ A. either B. any C. neither D. none ‎32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when_ such art forms as music and painting.‎ A. having compared to B. comparing to C. compare to D. compared to - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers before my eyes.‎ A. swim B. swum C. swam D. had swum ‎34. You have to move out of the way the truck cannot get past you.‎ A. so B. or C. and D. but ‎35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will her.‎ A. persuade B. promise C. invite D. support 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、 C和D中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ Body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! It speaks 36 than words. According to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. In fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , And body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. Indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it's actually often unnoticed. And misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. Northern Europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ even with friends, certainly not with 44 . People from Latin American countries， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. Therefore, it's possible that in 46 ， it may look like a Latino is 47 a Norwegian all over the room. The Latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . The Norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the Latino will in return regard as 50 _.‎ ‎ Clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . And only a part of it is in the words themselves. And when parties are from 52 cultures, there's a strong possibility of 53 . But whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the Golden Rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _.‎ ‎36. A. straighter B. louder C. harder D. further ‎37. A. sounds B. invitations C. feelings D. messages ‎ ‎38. A. hope B. receive C. discover D. mean ‎ ‎39. A. immediate B. misleading C. important D. difficult - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎40. A. well B. far C. much D. long ‎41. A. For example B. Thus C. However D. In short ‎42. A. trade B. distance C. connections D. greetings ‎ ‎43. A. eye B. verbal C. bodily D. telephone ‎44. A. strangers B. relatives C. neighbours D. enemies - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎45. A. in other words B. on the other hand C. in a similar way D. by all means ‎46. A. trouble B. conversation C. silence D. experiment ‎47. A. disturbing B. helping C. guiding D. following ‎48. A. closer B. faster C. in D. away ‎49. A. stepping forward B. going on C. backing away D. coming out ‎50. A. weakness B. carelessness C. friendliness D. coldness - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎52. A. different B. European C. Latino D. rich ‎53. A. curiosity B. excitement C. misunderstanding D. nervousness ‎55. A. noticed B. treated C. respected D. pleased 第三部分阅读理解（共20 小题，每小题2分，满分40分)‎ ‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出最佳选项.并在答且卡 上将该项涂黑。‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ A Honey(蜂蜜)from the African forest is not only a kind of natural sugar, it is also delicious. Most people, and many animals, like eating it. However, the only way for them to get that honey is to find a wild bees' nest(巢)and take the honey from it. Often, these nests are high up in trees, and it is difficult to find them. In parts of Africa, though, people and animals looking for honey have a strange and unexpected helper一a little bird called a honey guide.‎ The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax (蜂蜡) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this wax, which is deep inside the bees’ nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or people as it leads them to the nest. When they ‎ finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.‎ Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.‎ ‎56. Why is it difficult to find a wild bees' nest?‎ A. It's small in size.‎ B. It's hidden in trees.‎ C. It's covered with wax.‎ D. It's hard to recognize.‎ ‎57. What do the words "the follower" in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ A. A bee. B. A bird.‎ ‎ C. A honey seeker. D. A beekeeper.‎ ‎58. The honey guide is special in the way________.‎ ‎ A. it gets its food ‎ B. it goes to church ‎ C. it sings in the forest D. it reaches into bees' nests ‎59. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. Wild Bees C. Beekeeping in Africa B. Wax and Honey D. Honey-Lover's Helper B ‎ About twenty of us had been fortunate enough to receive invitations to a film-studio(影棚)to take part in a - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ crowd-scene. Although our "act" would last only for a short time, we could see quite a number of interesting things.‎ We all stood at the far end of the studio as workmen prepared the scene, setting up trees at the edge of a winding path. Very soon, bright lights were turned on and the big movie-camera was wheeled into position. The director shouted something to the camera operator and then went to speak to the two famous actors nearby. Since it was hot in the studio, it came as a surprise to us to see one of the actors put on a heavy overcoat and start walking along the path. A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.‎ The next scene was a complete contrast (对比). The way it was filmed was quite unusual. Pictures in front taken on an island in the Pacific were shown on a glass screen (幕). An actor and actress stood of the scene so that they looked as if they were at the water’s edge on an island. By a simple trick like this, palm trees, sandy beaches, and blue, clear skies had been brought into the studio!‎ Since it was our turn next, we were left wondering what scene would be prepared for us. For a full three minutes in our lives we would be experiencing the excitement of being film "stars"!‎ ‎【文章大意】‎ 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一次群众演员的经历。‎ ‎60. Who is the author?‎ A. A cameraman.‎ B. A film director.‎ C. A crowd-scene actor.‎ D. A workman for scene setting.‎ ‎61. What made the author feel cold?‎ A. The heavy snowfall. B. The man-made scene.‎ C. The low temperature.D. The film being shown.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】B 【解析】根据文章中的“A big fan began blowing tiny white feathers down on him, and soon the trees were covered in "snow". Two more fans were turned on, and a "strong wind" blew through the trees. The picture looked so real that it made us feel cold.”可知：这里的picture即是the man-made scene。‎ ‎【考点定位】考查细节理解。‎ ‎62. What would happen in the "three minutes" mentioned in the last paragraph?‎ A. A new scene would be filmed.‎ B. More stars would act in the film.‎ C. The author would leave the studio.‎ D. The next scene would be prepared.‎ ‎ C ‎ Last night I was driving from Harrisburg to Lewisburg，distance of about eighty miles. It was late. Several times I got stuck behind a slow-moving truck on a narrow road with a solid white line on my left, and I became increasingly impatient.‎ ‎ At one point along an open road, I came to a crossing with a traffic light. I was alone on the road by now, but as I drove near the light, it turned red and I made a stop. I looked left, right and behind me. Nothing. Not a car, no suggestion of car lamps, but there I sat, waiting for the light to change, the only human being for at least a mile in any direction.‎ ‎ I started wondering why I refused to run the light I was not afraid of being caught, because there was clearly no policeman around, and there certainly would have been no danger in going through it.‎ ‎ Much later that night, the question of why I'd stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it's part of a contract(契约)we all have with each other. It's not only the law, but it is an agreement we have, and we trust each other to honor it: we don't go through red lights.‎ ‎ Trust is our first inclination(倾向).Doubting others does not seem to be natural to us. The whole construction of our society depends on mutual(相互)trust, not distrust. We do what we say we'll do; we show up when we say we'll show up; and we pay when we say we'll pay. We trust each other in these matters, and we're angry or disappointed - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ with the person or organization that breaks the trust we have in them.‎ I was so proud of myself for stopping for the red light that night.‎ ‎63. Why did the author get impatient while driving?‎ ‎ A. He was lonely on the road.‎ ‎ B. He was slowed down by a truck.‎ ‎ C. He got tired of driving too long.‎ ‎ D. He came across too many traffic lights.‎ ‎64. What was the author's immediate action when the traffic light turned red?‎ ‎ A. Stopping still.‎ ‎ B. Driving through it.‎ ‎ C. Looking around for other cars.‎ D. Checking out for traffic police.‎ ‎65. The event made the author strongly believe that __________. ‎ ‎ A. traffic rules may be unnecessary ‎ B. doubting others is human nature - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ C. patience is important to drivers ‎ D. a society needs mutual trust ‎66. Why was the author proud of himself?‎ ‎ A. He kept his promise.‎ ‎ B. He held back his anger.‎ ‎ C. He followed his inclination.‎ ‎ D. He made a right decision.‎ D Grown-ups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since. A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water. He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away. He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son. A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.‎ ‎ One explanation is the law of overlearning, which can be stated as follows: Once we have learned something, additional learning trials(尝试) increase the length of time we will remember it.‎ In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming, bicycle riding, and playing baseball long after we have learned them. We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as "Twinkle, twinkle, little star" and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks. We not only learn but overlearn.‎ The multiplication tables(乘法口诀表) are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the ‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ things that we learn in school, because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.‎ The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突击学习)for an examination, though it may result in a passing grade, is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course. By cramming, a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination, but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned. A little overlearning, on the other hand, is really necessary for one's future development.‎ ‎67. What is the main idea of paragraph 1?‎ A. People remember well what they learned in childhood.‎ B. Children have a better memory than grown-ups.‎ C. Poem reading is a good way to learn words.‎ D. Stories for children are easy to remember.‎ ‎68.The author explains the law of overlearning by_________.‎ A. presenting research findings B. setting down general rules C. making a comparison D. using examples - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎69. According to the author, being able to use multiplication tables is_______.‎ A. a result of overlearning B. a special case of cramming C. a skill to deal with math problems D. a basic step towards advanced studies ‎70. What does the word "they" in Paragraph 4 refer to?‎ A. Commonly accepted rules.‎ B. The multiplication tables.‎ C. Things easily forgotten.‎ D. School subjects.‎ ‎71. What is the author's opinion on cramming?‎ A. It leads to failure in college exams.‎ B. It's helpful only in a limited way.‎ C. It's possible to result in poor memory.‎ D. It increases students' learning interest.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ E Are you looking for some new and exciting places to take your kids (孩子) to? Try some of these places:‎ l Visit art museums. They offer a variety of activities to excite your kids' interest. Many offer workshops for making land-made pieces, traveling exhibits, book signings by children's favorite writer, and even musical performances and other arts l Head to a natural history museum. This is where kids can discover the past from dinosaur(恐龙) models to rock collections and pictures of stars in the sky. Also, ask what kind of workshops and educational programs are prepared for kids and any special events that are coming up.‎ l Go to a Youtheater. Look for one in your area offering plays for child and family visitors. Pre-show play shops are conducted by area artists and educators where kids can discover the secret about performing arts. Puppet(木偶)making and stage make-up are just a couple of the special offerings you might find.‎ l Try hands-on science. Visit one of the many hands-on science museums around the country. These science play-lands are great fun for kids and grown-ups alike. They'll keep your child mentally and physically active the whole day through while pushing buttons, experimenting, and building. When everyone is tired, enjoy a fun family science show, commonly found in these museums.‎ ‎【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍了4则儿童旅游的广告。第一则：艺术博物馆；第二则自然历史博物馆；第三则木偶剧院；第四则自己动手科学博物馆。‎ ‎72. If a child is interested in the universe, he probably will visit .‎ A. a Youtheater B. an art museum C. a natural history museum D. a hands-on science museum - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎73. What can kids do at a Youtheater?‎ ‎ A. Look at rock collections.‎ ‎ B. See dinosaur models.‎ C. Watch puppet making.‎ D. Give performances.‎ ‎74. What does "hands-on science" mean in the last paragraph?‎ A. Science games designed by kids.‎ B. Learning science by doing things.‎ C. A show of kids' science work.‎ D. Reading science books.‎ ‎75. Where does this text probably come from?‎ A. A science textbook.‎ B. A tourist map.‎ C. A museum guide.‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ D. A news report.‎ 第II卷 第四部分写作(共两节，满分35分)‎ 第一节短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分l0分)‎ ‎ Every one of us can make a great efforts to 76.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿‎ cut off the use of energy in our country. To begin with, all 77.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿‎ of us can start reducing to the use of oil by driving only 78.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿‎ 中华资源库when we have a real need. That won't be easy, I know， 79.＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿‎ but we have to start anywhere. What's more, we can go to 80_____________________‎ work by bike once and twice a week, and we can also buy 81_____________________‎ smaller cars that burn less oil. Other way is to watch our 82_____________________‎ everyday use of water and electric at home. For example, 83_____________________‎ how many times have you walked out of a room and leave the 84_____________________‎ lights or television when no one else was there? 85_____________________ ‎ 第二节 书面表达(满分25分)(注意:在试题卷上作答无效)‎ 假定你是李华，从互联网 (the Internet)上得知一个国际中学生组织将在新加坡 ‎(Singapore)举办夏令营，欢迎各国学生参加。请写一封电子邮件申请参加。‎ ‎ 内容主要包括:‎ ‎ 1.自我介绍(包括英语能力);‎ ‎ 2.参加意图(介绍中国、了解其他国家);‎ ‎3.希望获准。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1.数100左右;‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;‎ ‎3.邮件开头和结尾已为你写好。‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Dear Sir or Madam,‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Regards,‎ Li Hua - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ziyuanku.com ‎ - 26 -‎ ‎ ‎