2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 2 Robots（含解析）新人教版选修7

2020版高考英语一轮巩固达标练 Unit 2 Robots（含解析）新人教版选修7

1 Unit 2 Robots 李仕才 ***阅读理解。 Despite being used by 1.34 billion people each year，traveling on the Tube in London can actually be quite lonely. One citizen，however，is trying to change this.“You get on the Tube and it’ s completely silent and it’s weird，” says Jonathan Dunne，who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章) with the words “Tube chat？” last month，encouraging passengers in London to get talking to one another.“I handed out 500 badges during rush hour in a city of 8 million，expecting most of them to be thrown away，but after about 24 hours it completely snowballed，”he says.Dunne and his “Tube chat” campaign have since been reported by media across the world，seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K.，as well as countless website，newspaper and magazine appearances. Although Dunne says he’s received mostly positive feedback，not everyone agrees with his idea.Londoner Brian Wilson responded with a campaign of his own，handing out 500 badges with the words “Don’t even think about it” on them. Michael Robinson， 24，a student from London，agrees.“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work.It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you，” he says. “People assume that I just walk up and talk to strangers, which I don’t，but it’s been a great way to meet people you would never have normally spoken to，” Dunne says. So if you ever end up using public transport in the West, why not say hello to the person next to you？Just make sure to check for a badge first. 【解题导语】　每年乘坐伦敦地铁的乘客众多，可是人们仍然感到孤独；为此 Jonathan Dunne 发起了一个旨在鼓励乘客相互交谈的运动，此举引起了世界媒体的关注。尽管如此， 人们对此仍有不同的态度。 1．How did Dunne encourage London passengers to talk with each other? A．By putting up posters on the Tube. 2 B．By advocating his idea on the media. C．By offering passengers special badges. D．By starting a dialogue with passengers. C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“who has started a worldwide dialogue after giving out badges(徽章)with the words‘Tube chat？’”可知，Dunne 给乘客们分发写 着“Tube chat？”的徽章来鼓励乘客聊天，故 C 项正确。 2．How is Dunne’s campaign getting along? A．It has caught international attention. B．It has become a worldwide campaign. C．Most passengers have refused to accept it. D．Wilson has made great efforts to promote it. A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段的“‘Tube chat’campaign have since been reported by media across the world, seeing TV interviews in Sweden, Brazil and the U．K., as wellascountlesswebsite,newspaperandmagazineappearances”可知，Dunne 和他的“Tube chat”运动引起了世界各种媒体的关注，故 A 项正确。 3．According to Michael Robinson，what should Tube passengers do? A．Hand in their feedback in time. B．Walk up and talk to strangers. C．Stop using public transport. D．Enjoy the peace quietly. D　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“Being on the Tube is the only peace and quiet some people get on their journeys to and from work. It doesn’t need to be spoiled by people coming up and chatting to you”可知，Michael Robinson 认为乘伦敦地铁是 人们上下班时享受安静的时刻，而不是交谈的时刻，故 D 项正确。 4．What can be the best title for the text? A．Tube Chat or Not B．Lonely Travel in the London Tube C．Silence on the Tube D．Tube Passengers Wearing Badges A　解析：标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章第二段介绍 Dunne 和他的“Tube chat”运动引 3 起了世界各种媒体的关注；第三段介绍一些人持不同的观点；最后一段建议如果要跟陌生人 打招呼，先看看他有没有徽章。据此可以判断，文章主要介绍了人们对于是否在伦敦地铁相 互交谈持不同的观点，故 A 项最能概括文意。 ***语法填空。 Residents of a town in Japan have broken the world record for building snowmen. Around 630 citizens at the Iiyama Snow Festival __1__ (make) 1,585 snowmen in one hour. The __2__ (early) record was 1,279 snowmen, __3__ was set in 2011. The event coincided with the opening of __4__ new bullet train station. Justin Patterson, the judge from the Guinness World Records organization, said the event was a wonderful occasion. He said __5__ the town was being buried in snow, the residents dealt with the challenge together in a positive light. There were strict rules for the record __6__ (break). One was that each snowman had to be over 80 cm tall. They __7__ be made of three separate snowballs, with eyes, a nose and arms. People used only their hands to make __8__ . Committee member Jiro Kobayashi told the Asahi Shimbun newspaper that the event suited the opening of the bullet train station. He said that thanks to the __9__ (cooperate) of many people, the record was broken. He said the event added __10__ the celebrations of the opening of the bullet train station. However, many people said that it was a tough thing to do because the snow didn't stick together. 1．________ 　2.________ 　3.________ 　4.________ 　 5.________ 　6.________ 　7.________ 　8.________ 　 9.________ 　10.________ 篇章导读：本文为一篇说明文。在日本的一个小镇，人们在一个小时内堆了 1585 个雪 人，打破了先前创造的一个小时内堆 1279 个雪人的纪录。 1．made 考查动词的时态。堆雪人是过去发生的事，所以用一般过去时。 2．earlier 考查形容词的比较级。此处指一个小时内堆 1,279 个雪人是早前的纪录， 和 1,585 的记录进行比较，故空格处用比较级。 3．which 考查定语从句的引导词。先行词为 record，指物，故用 which 引导非限制性 定语从句。 4．a 考查冠词。此处表泛指，故用不定冠词 a。 5．although/though 考查连词。根据语境可知，空格处应用连词 although/though 引 导让步状语从句，指“虽然小镇被雪覆盖，但居民们还是情绪高涨，共同迎接挑战”。 6．to be broken 考查非谓语动词。根据语境可知，此处说的是“将被打破的纪录”，故 用不定式表示将来发生的动作，又因逻辑主语 record 是不定式动作的承受者，所以用不定 4 式的被动式。 7．must/should 考查情态动词。此处指“雪人必须/应该由三个独立的雪球组成”，故 用 must/should。 8．them 考查代词。此处指代人们堆的雪人，且作 make 的宾语，故用 them。 9．cooperation 考查词性转换。此处指“幸好有许多人的合作”，且空处位于定冠词之 后，故用名词形式 cooperation。 10．to 考查介词。add to 为固定用法，意为“增加；增添”。 ***完形填空。 Hello, Mr. Wi­Fi. Life without you is next to impossible now. We're happy to sing your name from morning till evening, sometimes till dawn. __1__ I know you help me, sometimes you're making me do things with __2__ attention. Many times I promise myself that I'll __3__ my feelings towards you, but you're __4__ me closer and closer... You've entered both my home and my __5__. You're just a window for our __6__ and information. But we people aren't __7__ only with the window. So we open all our __8__ for you. Is this a(n) __9__ or some kind of attachment? If this is an illness, is it curable? And if this is an attachment will you __10__ me to the lifelong togetherness? We want you 24/7. Can't you take a few days off so that both you and I can __11__？ You're a poison — not a slow one but a super __12__ poison which holds our mind and makes us dance __13__ its tune. Nowadays you're so __14__ that anyone can buy and make you our __15__. You'll never be bothered about our health but we'll __16__ be concerned about your “health”. Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone. If you were a __17__ person made of flesh and blood (血肉之躯) would we love you the same? You __18__ us with your numerous talents and we even can't get rid of you. We're all you __19__. Sometimes I wonder how people in the previous generations __20__， but if they did why can't we? 1．A.Now that B．Only if C．Though D．When 2．A.praised B．increased C．focused D．divided 3．A.keep in B．bring back C．approve of D．give up 5 4．A.drawing B．pushing C．forcing D．observing 5．A.space B．soul C．society D．workplace 6．A.entertainment B．argument C．expansion D．struggle 7．A.strict B．satisfied C．generous D．busy 8．A.thoughts B．eyes C．exits D．doors 9．A.disease B．inspiration C．routine D．phenomenon 10．A.recommend B．instruct C．commit D．adapt 11．A.persist B．relax C．progress D．balance 12．A.raw B．ambiguous C．strong D．fast 13．A.to B．against C．from D．within 14．A.affordable B．valuable C．conventional D．attractive 15．A.addition B．expert C．companion D．instrument 16．A.sometimes B．always C．never D．seldom 17．A.selfish B．dishonest C．responsible D．real 18．A.control B．scold C．comfort D．challenge 19．A.friends B．slaves C．colleagues D．employers 20．A.suffered B．connected C．survived D．surfed 6 【解题导语】作者用诙谐的语气质问Wi­Fi，这呈现了现代人的一种通病，那就是对无 线网络的依赖。 1．C　根据语境可知，虽然(Though)作者知道 Wi­Fi 帮助了自己，但是正是 Wi­Fi 的特 殊作用让作者在做事情的时候会分心。 2．D　参见上题解析。 3．A　根据语境可知，作者很多次都对自己承诺说要抑制(keep in)自己对 Wi­Fi 的情 感。bring back“使回忆起，使想起”；approve of“同意，赞成”；give up“放弃”。 4．A　根据语境可知，此处形象生动地表现了作者不能抗拒 Wi­Fi 对自己的吸引。 draw“吸引”符合语境。force“强迫，迫使”；observe“观察”。 5．B　Wi­Fi 进入了作者的家和灵魂中。下文中的“holds our mind”是关键提示。 6．A　Wi­Fi(本来)只是我们娱乐(entertainment)和获取信息的窗口。argument“争论”； expansion“扩张”；struggle“斗争，奋斗”。 7．B　根据上文的“You're just a window for our... information”以及“But”所 表示的转折关系可知，此处表示人们并不满足于(satisfied)Wi­Fi 仅仅是个“窗口 (window)”。 strict“严格的”；generous“慷慨的”。 8．D　此处表示人们将 Wi­Fi 的作用扩大化，不仅仅满足于其作为窗口的作用，而是将 所有的“门(doors)”打开迎接 Wi­Fi。某种程度上而言，door 是 window 的“升级版”。 9．A　结合下文中的“an illness”可知，作者疑惑的是自己和其他人对Wi­Fi 如此依 赖的现象是否是一种病(disease)。inspiration“灵感”；routine“惯例”；phenomenon“现 象”。 10．C　如果对 Wi­Fi 的情感是一种依赖的话，Wi­Fi能保证与作者一生都亲密无间吗？ commit 意为“保证(做某事、遵守协议或遵从安排等)，承诺”，符合语境。recommend“推 荐”；instruct“教导”；adapt“适应”。 11．B　Wi­Fi 不能给自己放几天假以便它和作者都能放松(relax)一下吗？ persist“坚持”；progress“发展、(使)进步”；balance“平衡”。 12．D　根据本句中的“not a slow one”可知，Wi­Fi 并不是慢性毒药，而是快速起效 的毒药，故用 fast 与 slow 形成对比。raw“不熟练的”；ambiguous“含糊不清的”。 13．A　Wi­Fi 是一种能控制人们的思想并使人们随着它的音调起舞的毒药。dance to 表示“随着……跳舞”。 14．A　根据下文中的“anyone can buy”可知，如今 Wi­Fi 的价格是如此低廉以至于任 何人都能买到，并使其成为人们的伴侣。affordable“支付得起的，不算太贵的”； valuable“有价值的”；conventional“传统的”；attractive“有吸引力的”。 15．C　参见上题解析。下文中的“Because you accompany us everywhere and never let us be alone”亦是提示。addition“加，添加”；companion“伴侣，伙伴”； 7 instrument“工具”。 16．B　毫无生命的 Wi­Fi 是决不会在意其用户的健康的，但是用户们会一直担心Wi­Fi 的“健康”，此处用 always 与上文的“never”形成对比，强调人们对 Wi­Fi 的在意程度。 17．D　根据下文中的“person made of flesh and blood(血肉之躯)”可知，作者想知 道如果 Wi­Fi 成为拥有血肉之躯的真实的人，人们是否会一样喜欢它。selfish“自私的”； dishonest“不诚实的”；responsible“负责任的”。 18．A　根据上文作者介绍的人们对 Wi­Fi 的依赖及下文中的“we even can't get rid of you”可知，人们离开了 Wi­Fi 简直无法生活下去，而本句中的“with your numerous talents”正是Wi­Fi 控制人们的方式。control“控制”；scold“责备”；comfort“安慰”； challenge“挑战”。 19．B　根据语境可知，Wi­Fi 控制了人们，也就是说人们成了被其掌控的奴隶 (slaves)。colleague“同事”；employer“雇主”。 20．C　根据语境尤其是本句中的“in the previous generations”可知，作者非常疑 惑的是在早期没有 Wi­Fi 的时候人们是如何存活(survived)下来的。suffer“受苦”； connect“联系”；surf“冲浪”。 ***短文改错。 Nowadays, food waste is becoming seriously in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal communication, some customers ordered far more than what is enough, cause much food to be untouched and thrown away. What is even more unbearable lie in the fact what banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those which are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people be disappointed and depressed. To our delighted, as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nation's “Clear the Plates” is most likely to become the mainstream idea of hospitality through everyone efforts. 答案： Nowadays, food waste is becoming seriously ①serious in China. To show their hospitality in interpersonal communication, some customers ordered ②order far more than what is enough, cause ③causing much food to be untouched and thrown away. 8 What is even more unbearable lie ④lies in the fact what ⑤that banquets at public expenses cost the reputation of our government as well as a huge amount of money. The money could have actually been spent helping those which ⑥who are in need. Consequently, such waste really makes people ⑦ disappointed and depressed. To our delighted ⑧delight ， as a nationwide campaign against waste at the dining table has ∧ ⑨been launched, “Clear the Plates” is gaining more acceptance and support. Therefore, the nation's “Clear the Plates” is most likely to become the mainstream idea of hospitality through everyone ⑩everyone's efforts. 难项分析： 第三处：cause→causing 考查非谓语动词。此处用现在分词短语作结果状语。 第七处：去掉 disappointed 前的 be 考查 make 的复合结构。“make＋宾语＋宾补”中， 宾补可以是动词原形、形容词、副词、过去分词等。disappointed 和 depressed 是过去分 词转化来的形容词，所以 be 是多余的。 第九处：在 has 后加 been 考查动词的语态。launch a campaign “发起运动”，campaign 与 launch 之间是被动关系，所以要用现在完成时的被动语态。 ***