高考英语一轮优练题Unit1Culturalrelics含解析新人教版

高考英语一轮优练题Unit1Culturalrelics含解析新人教版

教学课件 Unit 1 Cultural relics 李仕才 一、阅读理解。‎ Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler (学步的儿童) years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isn’t challenged, scientists have discovered. While most children grow out of their bad behavior by adulthood, a study found those who had “callous unemotional (冷漠无情的) characteristics” could grow up to have problems with the law later in life. Behavior characteristics such as a lack of sympathy and lying in childhood could have an impact years on.‎ Luke Hyde, assistant professor of psychology at the University‎ of ‎Michigan, said, “These are signs for parents and doctors to watch out for, as they may signal more than just the terrible twos.” He said, “Parents both take care of their child and provide their child’s genes so it’s been difficult to know if we’re seeing that parenting causes callous unemotional behaviors, or if it is just a sign of the genes being passed to the child.”‎ The research also discovered that strict parenting is linked to the development of antisocial behavior. Scientists looked at 561 families in an adoption study that examined biological mothers’ antisocial behavior. The scientists found children of antisocial mothers were also more likely to exhibit the same behavior characteristics, despite having limited or no touch with them as they were adopted as babies.‎ ‎“The really exciting take-home message from this study is that small, day-to-day positive interactions (互动) that parents have with their young children can make a huge difference in children’s development,’’ said Leslie Leve, a professor at the University of Oregon who co-led the data collection.‎ ‎“Even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing ‘good job’ or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties,” he added. The study, worked on by scientists from the University of Michigan, Penn State University and the University‎ of ‎Oregon has been published in the American Journal of Psychiatry.‎ ‎ Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years.‎ ‎1.What’s the main idea of the passage?‎ A. Kids’ social behaviors are related to crime.‎ B. Criminals begin their crimes during adolescence.‎ C. Antisocial behaviors of kids could be on their way to a life of crime.‎ D. Warmhearted kids are more likely to be criminals in the future.‎ ‎2.What conclusion might the scientists draw from the study?‎ A. Antisocial behaviors might be inherited.‎ B. The genes decide kids’ antisocial behaviors.‎ C. Antisocial behaviors have nothing to do with crimes.‎ D. Adopted babies surely have antisocial behaviors when they grow up.‎ ‎3.What can be inferred from the passage?‎ A. Parenting is the main reason that causes kids’ antisocial behaviors.‎ B. What causes career criminals to begin their crimes is their parents’ characteristics.‎ C. Leslie Leve has a doubtful attitude to adoptive mothers’ active interactions with kids.‎ D. Inherited antisocial behaviors of kids can be lightened by positive parenting.‎ ‎4.Why will researchers track kids’ process of growing?‎ A. To make sure if kids’ behaviors will last.‎ B. To make sure if praise will change kids.‎ C. To determine if kids’ behaviors will be inherited.‎ D. To determine if parents’ comfort will protect kids.‎ ‎ 【文章大意】研究人员发现孩子的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，积极的育儿方式可以减轻孩子的反社会行为。‎ ‎1.C 【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章内容，特别是第一段中的“Career criminals begin their antisocial behavior during their toddler  years and may go on with a life of crime if their behavior isn’t challenged, scientists have discovered.”可知，本文主要介绍了孩子们的反社会行为有可能使他们走向犯罪的道路，故C项正确。‎ ‎3.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Even when children have inherited (遗传) a very challenging set of behaviors, hearing ‘good job’ or receiving encouragement can help protect them from developing serious problems coming from their inherited difficulties”可知，积极的育儿教育可以减轻孩子遗传的反社会行为，故D项正确。‎ ‎4.A 【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Researchers will follow the group of children through early adolescence to determine if these behaviors still continue to exist from the toddler years. ”可知，研究人员追踪孩子的成长过程是为了弄清楚孩子的反社会行为是否会持续下去，故A项正确。‎ 二、单句语法填空 ‎1．To solve this problem, our company put out the household robot specially (design) to take care of old people.‎ 答案：designed ‎2．There is no doubt spending too much time surfing the Internet or watching TV contributes to nearsightedness.‎ 答案：that ‎3．—Why not meet Diana today?‎ ‎—I am sorry to tell you that she has been removed our company.‎ 答案：from ‎4．He is considering selling the old house (belong) to his grandparents and using the money to start a business of his own.‎ 答案：belonging ‎5．Whether pollution is directly linked to the disease is debate.‎ 答案：under ‎6．The film Wolf WarriorsⅡ (战狼2) is so excellent that it is worth (see) a second time.‎ 答案：seeing ‎7．Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how (survive) without friends in life.‎ 答案：to survive ‎8．It is reported that the police (search) the building for the criminal. Anyone can’t get close to it without permission.‎ 答案：are searching ‎9．I am always thinking that studying well is the only thing that I could do return.‎ 答案：in ‎10．As there was so much noise, we couldn’t (hear) what they were talking about.‎ 答案：have heard 三、完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可能填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ I was a shy kid.Nothing seemed harder than talking to people.I didn't even like to answer the phone for fear that I'd have to talk to somebody I didn't know.‎ ‎__1__ ，at school I had to spend all day in the company of others.My __2__ was studying.It was something I could do __3__ and by myself.I spent a lot of time studying and was __4__ with good grades.‎ Eventually I went to college.I came to realize that some people were rather fun to __5__ with.Yet my childhood __6__ carried over and I found myself tonguetied and __7__ whenever I found myself in a conversation.‎ One day while on campus，I __8__ an advertisement for a position on the local classical music __9__ station.I had grown up listening to classical music，and I loved it.‎ In order to get the job，applicants needed to be interviewed.I had absolutely no background in radio，and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me.I didn't really want the job.I just wanted to prove that I could talk to a(n) __11__.‎ Two weeks __12__ ，I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job.‎ It was a __13__ job，but I grew to enjoy it.I announced music to thousands of __14__ in the city，sometimes answering their calls and __15__ to their requests.I began to feel comfortable talking to these people，these strangers who I couldn't even __16__.‎ Although I now spend much time talking with people，I'm still basically a __17__ person.My former shyness is a gift，as I can __18__ people who feel discomfort when they talk to strangers.I still enjoy moments of being __19__.But I'm also glad I decided to make a __20__ in my life that had opened many doors and opportunities that I never knew existed.‎ ‎1．A.However B．Therefore C．Otherwise D．Besides ‎2．A.advice B．practice C．task D．escape ‎3．A.obviously B．simply C．quietly D．poorly ‎4．A.filled B．rewarded C．decorated D．faced ‎5．A.help out B．catch up C．put up D．hang out ‎6．A.happiness B．shyness C．kindness D．goodness ‎7．A.excited B．astonished C．embarrassed D．interested ‎8．A.noticed B．posted C．realized D．believed ‎9．A.fire B．gas C．TV D．radio ‎10．A.terrified B．pleased C．satisfied D．amazed ‎11．A.child B．singer C．interviewer D．applicant ‎12．A.ago B．later C．before D．since ‎13．A.wellpaid B．puzzling C．comfortable D．challenging ‎14．A.listeners B．followers C．viewers D．dancers ‎15．A.referring B．responding C．offering D．comparing ‎16．A.feel B．move C．hear D．see ‎17．A.busy B．warm C．quiet D．smart ‎18．A.look into B．relate to C．combine with D．worry with ‎19．A.alone B．alive C．active D．awake ‎20．A.plan B．mistake C．change D．dream ‎【解题导语】该文主要讲述了害羞的作者通过应聘电台工作而实现自我突破的故事。‎ ‎1．A　根据上下文可知，此处表示逻辑上的转折关系。然而，作者在学校里不得不和同学们相处。‎ ‎2．D　根据上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，害羞的作者在学校用学习来逃避与人交流。‎ ‎3．C　与语境“by myself”呼应可推知，作者一个人安安静静地做功课。‎ ‎4．B　与语境“with good grades”呼应可推知，作者在学习上的付出得到了丰厚的回报，成绩突出。‎ ‎5．D　由“Eventually”的提示可推知，作者最终意识到了和朋友相处是有趣的。hang out“常去某处”。‎ ‎6．B　根据上文的“I was a shy kid”并结合“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，作者童年时代的害羞个性还存在。‎ ‎7．C　根据“I found myself tonguetied”可推知，和他人交流时沟通不顺畅是令人尴尬的。‎ ‎8．A　根据语境可知，作者在校园里注意到了一则让他感兴趣的广告。‎ ‎9．D　根据下文的“I had absolutely no background in radio”可推知，这是一则电台的招募广告。‎ ‎10．A　根据“I had absolutely no background in radio”并结合下文的“I didn't really want the job”可推知，作者因自己没有广播方面的背景而打退堂鼓，与下文的“I was even more terrified to discover that I had actually landed the job”呼应。‎ ‎11．C　作者害怕与成千上万的听众交流，只想证明自己能够和面试官交谈。‎ ‎12．B　根据语境可推知，时间已经过去了两周。‎ ‎13．D　根据上文可知，这项工作需要与成千上万的听众交流，这对作者来说有一定的挑战性，且与语境“but I grew to enjoy it”形成呼应。‎ ‎14．A　与上文的“and the idea of talking to thousands of listeners __10__ me”呼应可推知，此处表示作者给听众播放音乐。‎ ‎15．B　与语境“answering their calls”呼应可推知，作者回应听众的要求。‎ ‎16．D　根据上文可知，作者应聘的是电台工作，和听众们基本上是不见面的。‎ ‎17．C　根据“still”的提示并结合上文的“I was a shy kid”可推知，作者尽管现在花费很多时间和人们交流，但是本质上还是一个不多说话的人，与下文的“My former shyness is a gift”呼应。‎ ‎18．B　结合“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者能够理解那些和他相同的人。relate to“理解，认同”。‎ ‎19．A　根据上文的“My former shyness is a gift”可推知，作者仍旧喜欢独处。‎ ‎20．C　根据语境可推知，作者通过做电台工作有了重大改变，从而人生有了更多的可能性。‎ 四、单句改错 ‎1．You can complain, but I doubt that it will make any difference. ‎ 答案：that→if/whether ‎2．Scientists are in search for a cure for this serious disease. ‎ 答案：第一个for→of ‎3．Luckily enough, he was the only one who survived from the flood. ‎ 答案：去掉from ‎4．I have some doubt whether they will think high of my plan. ‎ 答案：high→highly ‎5．All the acts were good, but the evening was belonged to a dance group from Moscow. ‎ 答案：去掉was 五、单元语法——定语从句 ‎1．(2018·陕西长安一中质检)The yellow house windows face south is the place I spent my childhood.‎ 答案：whose; where ‎2．(2018·河北五校联考)This city, lies in the northeast and I went on vacation last year, has been the country’s busiest port since the 1950s.‎ 答案：which; where ‎3．(2018·北京海淀拟模)There are many occasions on which you are left in a helpless situation, in you can depend on more other than yourself.‎ 答案：which ‎4．(2018·黑龙江大庆质检)With the improvement of life standards, there are a growing number of people traveling each year, is a good way to enjoy life.‎ 答案：which ‎5．My father retired in 2017, since he has been devoting his time to gardening.‎ 答案：when ‎ ‎