高考英语全国II卷详细解析

高考英语全国II卷详细解析

绝密★启用前 ‎2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英 语 本试卷共150分，共14页。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 注意事项：‎ ‎ 1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。‎ ‎ 2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂；非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑字迹的签字笔书写，字体工整，笔迹清楚。‎ ‎ 3.请按照题号顺序在各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。‎ ‎ 4.作图可先用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。‎ ‎ 5.保持卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话尽读一遍。‎ 例：How much is the shirt?‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1What will the woman do this afternoon?‎ ‎ A .Do some exercise. B. Go shopping. C. Wash her clothes. ‎ ‎2Why does the woman call the man?‎ ‎ A. To cancel a flight. B. To make an apology C. To put off a meeting. ‎ ‎3 How much more does David need for the car?‎ A. $ 5,000. B.$20,000. C. $25,000.‎ ‎4 What is Jane doing?‎ A. Planning a tour. B.Calling her father CAsking for leave.‎ ‎ 5 How does the man feel?‎ A. Tied. B. Dizzy. C. Thirsty. ‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What does Jack want to do?‎ A. Watch TV. B. Play outside. C. Go to the zoo.‎ ‎7. Where does the conversation probably take place?‎ A. At home. B. In a cinema. C. In a supermarket.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。‎ ‎8. What does Richard do?‎ A. He’s a newsman. B. He’s a manager. C. He’s a researcher.‎ ‎9. Where is Richard going next week?‎ A. Birmingham. B. Mexico City. C. Shanghai.‎ ‎10. What will the speakers do tomorrow?‎ A. Eat out together. B. Visit a university. C. See Professor Hayes.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。‎ ‎11. What is the probable relationship between the spearkers?‎ A. School friends.‎ B. Teacher and student.‎ C. Librarian and library user.‎ ‎12. Why does Jim suggest Mary buy the book?‎ A. It’s sold at a discount price.‎ B. It’s important for her study.‎ C. It’s written by Professor Lee.‎ ‎13. What will Jim do for Mary?‎ A. Share his book with her.‎ B. Lend her some money.‎ C. Ask Henry for help.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。‎ ‎14.Where does Stella live?‎ A. In Memphis. B. In Boston. C. In St Louis. ‎ ‎15.What would peter and his family like to do on beale street?‎ A.Visit a museum. B. Listen to music. C. Have dinner. ‎ ‎16.What kind of hotel does peter prefer?‎ A. A big one. B. A quite one. C.A modern one. ‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17.How many lab sessions will the students have every week?‎ A. One. B. Two. C. Three.‎ ‎18.What are the students allowed to wear in the lab ?‎ A. Long scarves. B. Loose clothes. C. Tennis shoes.‎ ‎19.Why should the students avoid mixing liquid with paper?‎ A. It may cause a fire. B. It may create waste. C. It may produce pollution.‎ ‎20.What does the speaker mainly talk about?‎ A. Grades the students will receive. ‎ B. Rules the students should follow. ‎ C. Experiments the students will do. ‎ ‎1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. C 9. B 10. A ‎ ‎11. A 12. B 13. C 14. A 15. B 16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. B 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 ‎（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳答案。‎ A In the coming months, we are bringing together artists from all over the globe, to enjoy speaking Shakespeare’s plays in their own language, in our globe, within the architecture Shakespeare wrote for. please come and join us.‎ National Theatre Of China Beijing|Chinese This great occasion(盛会) will be the national Theatre of China’s first visit to the UK. The company’s productions show the new face of 21st century Chinese theatre. This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director, Wang Xiaoying.‎ Date &Time: Saturday 28 April,2.30pm&Sunday 29 April,1.30pm&6.30pm Marjanishvili Theatre Tbilisi |Georgian ‎ One of the most famous theatres in Georgia, the Marjanishvili, founded in 1928,appears regularly at ‎ theatre festivals all over the world. This new production of As You Like It is helmed（指导）by the company’s Artistic Director Levan Tsuladze.‎ Date & Time : Friday 18May,2.30pm&Saturday 19May,7.30pm Deafinitely Theatre London | British Sign Language （BSL）‎ By translating the rich and humourous text of Love’s Labour’s Lost into the physical language of BSL, Deafinitely Theatre creates a new interpretation of Shakespeare’s comedy and aims to build a bridge between deaf and hearing worlds by performing to both groups as one audience.‎ Date&Time: Tueaday 22 May,2.30pm&Wednesday 23 May,7.30pm Habima National Theatre Tel Aviv| Hebrew The Habima is the centre of Hebrew-language theatre worldwide, Founded in Moscow after the 1905 revolution, the company eventually settled in Tel Aviv in the late 1920s,Since 1958,they have been recognized as the national theatre of Israel. This production of Shakespeare’s The Merchant of Venice marks their first visit to the UK.‎ Date &Time: Monday 28May,7.30&Tuesday 29 May,7.30pm ‎21.which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?‎ A. Richard Ⅲ. B. Lover’s Labour’s Lost.‎ C.As You Like It. D. The merchant of Venice.‎ ‎22.What is special about Deafinnitely Theatre?‎ A. It has two groups of actors. B. It is the leading theatre in London.‎ C. It performs plays in BSL. D. It is good at producing comedies.‎ ‎23.When can you see a play in Hebrew?‎ A. On Saturday 28Apil. B. On Sunday 29 April.‎ C. On Tuesday 22 May. D. On Tuesday 29 May.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了莎士比亚的戏剧被翻译成几个国家的语言，并将在这些国家的大剧院上映的有关情况。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 阅读理解旨在考查考生对于文章整体的理解与细节的把握与分析，要在了解整篇文章框架的基础上进行选择。本文属于广告类短文，所考查三题均为细节题中的直接理解题。细节事实理解题主要考查考生对文章中某一些特定细节或文章的重要实事的理解能力。它一般包括直接理解题和语义理解题两种。直接理解题的答案与原文直接挂钩，从阅读材料中可以找到。这种题难度低，只要学生读懂文章，就能得分，属于低层次题。在阅读中可以使用定位法与跳读法解决直接理解题。定位法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息直接从原文中找到相应的句子(即定位)，然后进行比较和分析(尤其要注意一些同义转换)，从而找出正确答案。跳读法即根据题干和选项所提供的信息跳读原文，并找到相关的句子(有时可能是几个句子)或段落，然后进行分析和推理等，从而找出正确答案。‎ 例如第21题，根据题目“which play will be performed by the National Theatre of China?”，由题目中出现的关键信息the National Theatre of China，直接定位第一篇宣传广告，在文中找到“This production of Shakespeare’s Richard III will be directed by the National’s Associate Director,Wang Xiaoying” 可知，Shakespeare’s Richard III 会在中国国家大剧院上映，故选A。‎ 考点：考查广告类阅读。‎ B I first met Paul Newman in 1968, when George Roy Hill, the director of Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid, introduced us in New York City. When the studio didn’t want me for the film — it wanted somebody as well known as Paul — he stood up for me. I don’t know how many people would have done that; they would have listened to their agents or the studio powers.‎ The friendship that grew out of the experience of making that film and The Sting four years later had its root in the fact that although there was an age difference, we both came from a tradition of theater and live TV. We were respectful of craft（技艺）and focused on digging into the characters we were going to play. Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core（核心）of our relationship off the screen.‎ We shared the brief that if you’re fortunate enough to have success, you should put something back— he with his Newman’s Own food and his Hole in the Wall camps for kids who are seriously ill, and me with Sundance and the institute and the festival. Paul and I didn’t see each other all that regularly, but sharing that brought us together. We supported each other financially and by showing up at events.‎ I last saw him a few months ago. He’d been in and out of the hospital. He and I both knew what ‎ the deal was, and we didn’t talk about it. Ours was a relationship that didn’t need a lot of words.‎ ‎24.Why was the studio unwilling to give the role to author at first?‎ A. Paul Newman wanted it.‎ B. The studio powers didn’t like his agent.‎ C. He wasn’t famous enough.‎ D. The director recommended someone else.‎ ‎25.Why did Paul and the author have a lasting friendship?‎ A. They were of the same age.‎ B. They worked in the same theater.‎ C. They were both good actors.‎ D. They have similar characteristics.‎ ‎26.What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 3 refer to?‎ A. Their belief.‎ B. Their care for children.‎ C. Their success.‎ D. Their support for each other.‎ ‎27.What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?‎ A. To show his love of films.‎ B. To remember a friend.‎ C. To introduce a new movie.‎ D. To share his acting experience.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者与Paul Newman之间的深厚友情。当制片人不想让我参演电影时，Paul Newman站出来为我说话，两人因此而建立了深厚的友谊。在此后的很多年里，两人一直相互扶持，相互鼓励，因此两人的深厚友情维系了很多年。‎ ‎24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well ‎ known as Paul”可知，作者当时还不是很有名。故选C。‎ ‎25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“Both of us had the qualities and virtues that are typical of American actors: ‎ humorous, aggressive, and making fun of each other— but always with an underlying affection. Those were also at the core （核心）of our relationship off the screen”可知，作者与Paul之间有着相似的性格特征。故选D。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 本文前三题均考查了细节题。在完成细节题时，学+要特别注意排除干扰项。‎ 如24题中的A项“Paul Newman wanted it.”属于“颠倒黑白”类干扰项，根据“When the studio didn’t want me for the film— it wanted somebody as well known as Paul”可知制片人不想要我，说明A项明显错误。‎ 干扰项的设置方法除了“颠倒黑白”之外，通常还有以下几种方式： ‎ ‎1. 张冠李戴。命题者把文章作者的观点与他人的观点混淆起来，题干问的是作者的观点，选项中出现的却是他人的观点；或者题干问的是他人的观点，却把作者的观点放到选项中去。 ‎ ‎2. 偷梁换柱。干扰项用了与原文相似的句型结构和大部分相似的词汇，却在不易引人注意的地方换了几个词汇，造成句意的改变。 ‎ ‎3. 无中生有。干扰项往往是生活的基本常识和普遍接受的观点，但在原文中并无相关的信息支持点，这种选项的设置往往与问题的设问毫不相干。 ‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 C ‎ Terrafugia Inc. said Monday that its new flying car has completed its first flight, bringing the company closer to its goal of selling the flying car within the next year. The vehicle —named the Transition – has two seats, four wheels and wings that fold up so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the air. It flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and burns 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.‎ Around 100 people have already put down a $10,000 deposit to get a Transition when they go on sale, and those numbers will likely rise after Terrafugia introduces the Transition to the public later this week at the New York Auto Show. But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost $279,000.And it won’t help if you’re stuck in traffic. The car needs a runway.‎ ‎ Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an ‎ airline industry expert. But Mann thinks Terrafugia has come closer than anyone to making the flying car a reality. The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle to fly. The Transition is now going through crash tests to make sure it meets federal safety standards.‎ Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraft, which are lower than those for pilots of larger planes. Terrafugia ‎ says an owner would need to pass a test and complete 20 hours of flying time to be able to fly the Transition, a requirement pilots would find relatively easy to meet.‎ ‎28. What is the first paragraph mainly about?‎ A. The basic data of the Transition. B. The advantages of flying cars.‎ C. The potential market for flying cars. C. The designers of the Transition.‎ ‎29. Why is the Transition unlikely to show up in too many driveways?‎ A. It causers traffic jams. B. It is difficult to operate.‎ C. It is very expensive. D. It burns too much fuel.‎ ‎30. What is the government’s attitude to the development of the flying car?‎ A. Cautious B. Favorable.‎ C. Ambiguous. D. Disapproving.‎ ‎31. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Flying Car at Auto Show B. The Transition’s First Flight C.Pilots’ Dream Coming True D. Flying Car Closer to Reality ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了Terrafugia公司研制出了飞车，试飞成功，预计将于明年进行销售。本文主要对飞车的历史由来及其构架进行了介绍。‎ ‎28.A 【解析】段落大意题。根据“The vehicle-named the Transition – has two seats wheels and wings that fold up ‎ so it can be driven like a car. The Transition, which flew at 1,400 feet for eight minutes last month, can reach around 70 miles per hour on the road and 115 in the flies using a 23-gallon tank of gas and bums 5 gallons per hour in the air. On the ground, it gets 35 miles per gallon.”可知选A。‎ ‎29.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据“But don’t expect it to show up in too many driveways. It’s expected to cost ‎ ‎$279,000”可知，因为Transition ‎ 的价格较高，所以不太可能在太多的马路上出现。故选C。‎ ‎30.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据“he government has already permitted the company to use special materials to ‎ make it easier for the vehicle to fly”以及“Mann said Terrafugia was helped by the Federal Aviation Administration’s decision five years ago to create a separate set of standards for light sport aircraf”可知，政府对于飞车的研发是比较支持的。故选B。‎ ‎31.D 【解析】标题归纳题。浏览全文，主要从飞车的试飞成功、飞车的构架以及多年以前人们对飞车的 设想至今成为现实展开说明。故选D。‎ D When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly. Back in 1983, two scientists, Jack Schultz and Ian Baldwin, reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm. What the plants pump through the air is a mixture of chemicals known as volatile organic compounds, VOCs for short.‎ ‎ Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked .It’s a plant’s way of crying out. But is anyone listening? Apparently. Because we can watch the neighbours react.‎ ‎ Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch.‎ ‎ In study after study, it appears that these chemical conversations help the neighbors .The damage is usually more serious on the first plant, but the neighbors, relatively speaking, stay safer because they heard the alarm and knew what to do.‎ Does this mean that plants talk to each other? Scientists don’t know. Maybe the first plant just made a cry of pain or was sending a message to its own branches, and so, in effect, was talking to itself. Perhaps the neighbors just happened to “overhear” the cry. So information was exchanged, but it wasn’t a true, intentional back and forth.‎ ‎ Charles Darwin, over 150 years ago, imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的)‎ ‎ than the world we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on.‎ ‎32. What does a plant do when it is under attack?‎ A. It makes noises.      B. It gets help from other plants.‎ C. It stands quietly     D. It sends out certain chemicals.‎ ‎33. What does the author mean by “the tables are turned” in paragraph 3?‎ A. The attackers get attacked.‎ B. The insects gather under the table.‎ C. The plants get ready to fight back.‎ D. The perfumes attract natural enemies.‎ ‎34.Scientists find from their studies that plants can .‎ A. predict natural disasters B. protect themselves against insects C. talk to one another intentionally D. help their neighbors when necessary ‎35.what can we infer from the last paragraph?‎ A. The world is changing faster than ever.‎ B. People have stronger senses than before C. The world is more complex than it seems D. People in Darwin’s time were imaginative.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。研究发现，当植物受到攻击时，会发出VOCs，以此来保护自己或者与周围的植物通过化学物质进行交流。‎ ‎32.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据“reported that young maple trees getting bitten by insects send out a particular ‎ smell that neighboring plants can get. These chemicals come from the injured parts of the plant and seem to be an alarm”可知，当植物受到伤害时，会分泌一种特殊的化学物质。‎ ‎33.A 【解析】词义推测题。根据“Once they arrive,the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now ‎ becomes lunch”，一旦它们到达这里，这些攻击者就会受到植物的攻击，故选A。‎ ‎34.B 【解析】细节理解题，根据“Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being ‎ attacked” 及“Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away... ”可知答案选B。‎ ‎35.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据“imagined a world far busier, noisier and more intimate(亲密的) than the world ‎ we can see and hear. Our senses are weak. There’s a whole lot going on”‎ 可知，这个世界远比我们看到或听到的更热闹、更亲密，我们认知能力有限，有很多事仍在继续发生，远比我们想象的要复杂。故选C。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 本文33题属于词义猜测题。我们可以根据后句“Once they arrive, the tables are turned.The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch”中的lunch,说明攻击者会成为午餐以及“When a leafy plant is under attack, it doesn’t sit quietly植物受到攻击时，不会坐以待毙”，故the tables are turned意为“The plants get ready to fight back.植物准备反击”。本题属于典型的理由上下文语境推测。‎ 近几年高考阅读中猜测词义考查方法多样化，其中根据上下文语境推测将会越来越多。根据上下文语境作出判断：有时短文中出现一个需猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义域解释或例子，这就是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读。‎ ‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while you’re trying to get work done. 36 ,there are several ways to handle things. Let’s take a look at them now.‎ ‎ 37 .Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the two of you can talk at a different time.‎ When people try to interrupt you, have set hours planned and let them know to come back during that time or that you’ll find them then. 38 .It can help to eliminate(消除) future interruptions.‎ When you need to someone, don’t do it in your own office. 39 , it’s much easier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are If you have a door to your office, make good use of it. 40 . If someone knocks and it’s not an important matter. Excuse yourself and let the person know you’re busy so they can get the hint(暗示) than when the door is closed, you’re not to be disturbed.‎ A. If you’re busy, don’t feel bad about saying no B. When you want to avoid interruptions at work ‎ C. Set boundaries for yourself as your time goes D. If you’re in the other person’s office or in a public area E. It’s important that you let them know when you’ll be available F. It might seem unkind to cut people shirt when they interrupt you G.Leave it open when you’re available to talk and close it when you’re not ‎36-40 BAEDG ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。为避免工作被打断是一件令人感觉很糟糕的事，文章提出了几点建议，防止此类事件的发生。‎ ‎39.D 【解析】根据后文“it’s much easeier to excuse yourself to get back to your work than if you try to get someone out of your space even after explaining how busy you are”，此句中it指代前文“don’t do it in your own office.”，也就是说此段中作者认为比起在自己的办公室解释，不在自己的办公室更容易点。故选D。‎ ‎40.G 【解析】根据“If you have a door to your office,make good use of it.”可知，此段主要是讲述关于如何利用自己办公室的门来防止被打扰。故选G。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 本文37题属于七选五阅读中最常见的设空在段首的方法，通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的词，推断出主题句。本题我们根据后文“Tell the person you’re sorry and explain that you have a million things to do and then ask if the of you can talk at a different time”可知我们应该学会在自己很忙的时候去拒绝别人。故选A。当七选五阅读设空在句首时，还可能存在以下两种情况：‎ ‎ 1. 属于段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分，通常正确答案与上一段结尾有机地衔接起来，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连贯起来。‎ ‎ 2. 与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一两句，锁定线索信号词，然后在选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某种的衔接手段，尤其当选项是几句话时。比如，如果选项中出现时间年代时，往往要注意与原文中年代的前后对应关系。 ‎ 考点：考查说明文阅读 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题：每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ In1973,I was teaching elementary school. Each day,27kids 41 “The Thinking Laboratory.” That was the 42 students voted for after deciding that “Room 104” was too 43 .‎ Freddy was an average 44 ,but not an average person .He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）.He would 45 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone’s 46 .‎ Before the school year 47 ,I gave the kids a special 48 , T-shirts with the words “Verbs Are Your 49 ” on them. I had advised the kids that while verbs（动词）may seem dull ,most of the 50 things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.‎ Through the years, I’d run into former students who would provide 51 on old classmates. I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .Once, while working overnight at a store, he let a homeless man 54 in his truck. Another time ,he 55 a friend money to buy a house .‎ Just last year, I was 56 a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman 57 the interruption and handed me an envelope. I stopped teaching and 58 it up. Inside were the “Verbs” shirt and a 59 from Freddy’s mother. “Freddy passed away on Thanksgiving. He wanted you to have this.”‎ I told the story to the class. As sad as it was, I couldn’t help smiling. Although Freddy was taken from us, we all 60 something from Freddy.‎ ‎41. A. built B. entered C. decorated D. ran ‎42. A. name B. rule C. brand D. plan ‎43. A. small B. dark C. strange D. dull ‎44. A. scholar B. student C. citizen D. worker ‎45. A. speak B. sing C. question D. laugh ‎46. A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonesty D. mistake ‎47. A. changed B. approached C. returned D. ended ‎48.A.lesson B. gift C. report D. message ‎49. A. Friends B. Awards C. Masters D. Tasks ‎50. A. simple B. unique C. fun D. clever ‎51. A. assessments B. comments C. instructions D. updates ‎52. A. graduation B. retirement C. separation D. resignation ‎53. A. daring B. modest C. caring D. smart ‎54. A. wait B. sleep C. study D. live ‎55. A. paid B. charged C. lent D. owed ‎56. A. observing B. preparing C. designing D. conducting ‎57. A. regretted B. avoided C. excused D. ignored ‎58. A. opened B. packed C. gave D. held ‎59. A. picture B. bill C. note D. diary ‎60. A. chose B. took C. expected D. borrowed ‎【解析】‎ ‎【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲了作者的一个学生Freddy既有趣又有同情心，作者在Freddy高中毕业前送给他一件衬衫，上面写着告诫他“动词”在人生中的重要性，而他在毕业后也保持着乐于助人的品质，但不幸的是Freddy在若干年后去世了，而那件衬衫也回到了作者的手中，作者以及他的学生们都从Freddy身上学到了一些宝贵的品质。‎ ‎41.B 考查动词词义辨析，A. built 建造， B. entered 进入， C. decorated 装饰， D. ran跑步。每天，27个孩子都会“进入”“思想实验室”，故选B。‎ ‎42.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. name名字， B. rule规则，C. brand品牌， D. plan计划。 “思想实验室”这个“名字”是同学们投票得来的，故选A。‎ ‎43.D 考查形容词词义辨析，A. small小的，B. dark 黑的， C. strange 奇怪的， D. dull无聊的，由后文可知，同学们是因为“104室”这个名字太“无聊”才把名字改为“思想实验室”的，故选D。‎ ‎44.B 考查名词词义辨析，A. scholar学者， B. student学生， C. citizen市民， D. worker工人，通读全文可知Freddy是作者的一名“学生”，故选B。‎ ‎45.D 考查动词词义辨析，A. speak 说， B. sing 唱歌， C. question质问， D. laugh大笑。对于好玩的事情，他会“笑”得最大声，故选D。‎ ‎46.A 考查名词词义辨析，A. misfortune不幸， B. disbelief怀疑，C. dishonesty不诚实， D. mistake错误，根据前句：Freddy在有趣和富有同情心之间可以做到罕见的平衡，所以对于任何人的“不幸”，他会很悲伤，故选A。‎ ‎50.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.simple 简单的，B.unique独特的， C. fun 有趣的，D.clever聪明的。 “尽管动词也许看起来很无聊，但人们的一生当中做的大部分有趣之事都将是动词”，“无聊”与“有趣”相对，故选C。‎ ‎51.D 考查名词词义辨析，A.assessments评估，B. comments评论， C.instructions 指导， D.updates更新。我遇到过以前的学生，他们常常会提供一些老同学的“最新情况”，故选D。‎ ‎52.A 考查名词词义辨析，A.graduation毕业， B. retirement退休，C.separation 分离，D.resignation辞职。在Freddy高中毕业后，做了好几份工作，故选A。‎ ‎53.C 考查形容词词义辨析，A.daring勇敢的， B.modest 谦虚的，C.caring贴心的， D.smart聪明的。他让无家可归的人睡在了他的卡车上，可知他仍然是很爱关照人的，贴心的，故选C。‎ ‎54.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.wait等待，B.sleep 睡觉， C.study 学习， D.live居住。他让一位无家可归的人“睡在”他的卡车上，故选B。‎ ‎55.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.paid ，支付，B.charged 索要， C.lent 借出， D.owed欠。还有一次，他借钱给朋友，让朋友买到房，故选C。‎ ‎56.D 考查动词词义辨析，A.observing观察， B.preparing 准备，C. designing设计， D.conducting组织，实施，执行。我正在班级里组织一个专题研讨会的时候，突然有人敲门，故选D。‎ ‎57.C 考查动词词义辨析，A.regretted 后悔，遗憾， B.avoided避免，C.excused原谅，宽恕， D.ignored忽视。因为当时正在上课，所以这名女子为自己的打断行为要求得到原谅，故选C。‎ ‎58.A 考查动词词义辨析，A.opened打开，B.packed打包， C.gave给予， D.held握住。我停止教学，打开信封，故选A。‎ ‎59.C 考查名词词义辨析，A.picture 图片， B.bill 账单，C.note 纸条，便笺， D.diary日记，根据后文的描述，可知衬衫上是一个便笺，上面写着…… 故选C。‎ ‎60.B 考查动词词义辨析，A.chose 选择， B.took 拿走， C.expected 期待， D.borrowed借入。尽管Freddy离开了我们，我们从他的身上也带走了一些东西，故选B。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 本篇完形填空很好地体现出重在考查语篇理解能力，且不在情节上、词汇考查大做文章的趋势。其中对于语篇的上下文复现考查非常之多。 语篇复现的信息包括原词复现、同义词和反义词复现、上义词和下义词复现、概括词复现和代词复现等。语篇中有词汇和结构同现的现象，如与语篇话题相关、意义相关的词汇同时出现，结构同现，同义同现，修饰同现，因果同现等。因此，利用上下文寻找解题信息，确定正确答案。如：‎ I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his 52 from high school and remained the same 53 person I met forty years before .‎ ‎53.A.daring B.modest C.caring D.smart ‎【分析】同义词同现，根据第二段第二句“He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）”，这里的compassion与选项中的caring虽然词性不同，但表达的是相同的意思，属于同义词同现。‎ 考点：考查记叙文阅读 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ ‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎ In 1863the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and ___62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced.‎ ‎ Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day.‎ Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道）, which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public.‎ ‎【解析】‎ 试题分析：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地铁的最初发展史。‎ ‎67.it考查代词，这里用it指代前句的railway,故填it。‎ ‎68.managed 考查动词，此处表示过去的情况，所以这里也应用一般过去时，故填managed。‎ ‎69.introduction考查词性转换，空格前是the,后面应该是名词，故填名词introduction。‎ ‎70.successful考查形容词，空格前是most,其后要跟形容词构成最高级，故填successful。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ ‎ 在语法填空中，我们要特别注意词性转换题。如本文的，横线前是冠词the，所以横线上要使用名词introduction。，在英语中，副词通常做状语修饰形容词、副词或动词，形容词通常在句中做定语或表语修饰名词。所以本句中使用副词fairly作状语修饰形容词pleasant。‎ ‎ 词类转换题要先确定所要填的单词在句中的成分。‎ 技巧1：作表语、定语或补语，通常用形容词形式。‎ 技巧2：作主语，或在及物动词或介词后作宾语，用名词形式。‎ 技巧3：修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。‎ 技巧4：括号中所给词为动词时，也不一定是考动词的时态语态或非谓语动词， 有可能考词类转换；若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。‎ 技巧5：词义转换题。词类不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-, im-，il-, ir-，in-, non-, dis-等，在词根后加-less等。 ‎ 考点：考查语法填空 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处；每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。‎ Mr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. beside, they often get some useful informations from the internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the vegetables！‎ 答案 Mr. and Mrs. Zhang work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are in planting vegetables in their garden, is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up and water the vegetables together. They have also bought some gardening tools. , they often get some useful from the internet. When summer , they will invite their students pick the vegetables！‎ 试题分析：考查记叙文，本文主要讲了张先生和张太太的日常工作和生活。‎ ‎1.all改为both：考查both和all的用法，both的主语是两个，而all的主语是三个或者三个以上，故将all改为both。‎ ‎2.a改为an或one：考查冠词，因为hour音标的首字母是元音，所以应用an,故将a改为an或者one。‎ ‎3.interesting改为interested：考查形容词，由于此句的主语是人，而interesting的主语是物，故将interesting改为interested。‎ ‎4.that改为which:考查非限制性定语从句，非限制性定语从句需要用which引导，故将that改为which。‎ ‎5.earlier改为early：考查副词，earlier是形容词比较级，不能修饰动词get up, 故将earlier改为early。‎ ‎6.将for去掉：考查动词，bought是及物动词，后无需跟介词，故将for去掉。‎ ‎7.beside改为besides：考查连接词，beside是介词，“在……旁边”，而这里需要一个连接词，故将beside改为besides。‎ ‎8.informations改为information：考查名词，information是不可数名词，故将informations改为information.‎ ‎9.came改为comes：考查时态，本文全篇为一般现在时，故将came改为comes。‎ ‎10.pick改为to pick：考查动词，本句出现了两个动词，所以要将第二个动词变为非谓语动词，又根据句意：摘新鲜的蔬菜是目的，所以把第二个动词变为to do不定式的形式表目的，故将pick前加上to。‎ ‎【名师点睛】‎ 高考短文改错考点层次一般而言可依次分为词法的测试、句法的测试和语篇的测试三个层面。考点层次越高，就越能测试出考生运用语言的能力。低层次的考点往往侧重于语法方面的考查，而高层次的考点往往侧重于考生对文章意义方面的理解。‎ 一、词法改错 词法的测试包括：定冠词和不定冠词的用法；名词的单复数和名词的所有格；动词的时态、语态、语气，情态动词和非谓语动词等；人称代词、人称代词的格、物主代词、指示代词、连接代词、不定代词等的用法；介词的搭配；并列连词、从属连词的用法；形容词、副词的区别以及比较级和最高级的用法；固定搭配和习惯用法。‎ 例如：本题中的 ‎8.informations改为information 考查名词单复数 二、句法改错 句法的测试包括：主谓语在数上的一致性；名词性从句、定语从句和强调句；句子结构的连贯性、完整性、对等性和逻辑性。‎ 例如：‎ ‎4.that改为which 考查非限制性定语从句。‎ 三、语篇改错 语篇的测试包括：上下文的时态是否一致；上下文中的代词指代是否一致；上下文中的逻辑关系是否一致。例如：‎ ‎9.came改为comes 考查时态 考点：考查短文改错 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ 假定你是李华，想邀请外教Henry一起参观中国剪纸（paper-cutting）艺术展。请给他写封邮件，内容包括：‎ ‎1.展览时间、地点；‎ ‎2.展览内容。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎