+2002年4月自学考试英语(二)试题及答案

+2002年4月自学考试英语(二)试题及答案

PARTONEⅠ.VocabularyandStructure(10points,ipointforeachitem)从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。1.Studieshaveshown_______teenagersoftensufferformdepression.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.inthat2.Thepartyhasfailedto_______themajorityofvotersthatitiscapableofgoverningthecountry.A.trustB.creditC.convinceD.believe3._______drivingaroundalldaylookingforsomewheretopark,whydon'tyoutakeabustotown?A.InspiteofB.RatherthanC.InpalceofD.Otherthan4.Thekidsare_______behungrywhentheygethome—theyalwaysare.A.obligedtoB.boundtoC.desiredtoD.motivatedto5.Allthecharacteristicsthatdistinguishbirds_______otheranimalscanbetracedtoprehistorictimes.A.toB.betweenC.forD.from6.Whenthecitywas_______,everyoneknewthattotaldefeatwascertain.A.cutoffB.cutdownC.cutacrossD.cutout7.Ifwe_______everythingreadybynow,weshouldbehavingaterribletimetomorrow.A.hadn'tgotB.didn'tgetC.wouldn'thavegotD.wouldn’tget8.Inhiscompositiontherewerenoothererrors_______afewmisspelledwords.A.besideB.exceptC.thenD.than9.Indeciding_______acourseofaction,thecandidatestriedtoestimateitslikelyimpactonthevoters.A.whattopursueB.whichtopursueC.whethertopursueD.iftopursue10.Sincewehaveafocusedsubject,weshouldnottalk_______.A.atonceB.athandC.atintervalsD.atrandomⅡ.ClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachitem)n下列短文中有十个空白，每个空白有四个选项。根据上下文要求选出最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。Economistsbelievethatjobearningsinfluencechoiceofoccupation.Theyacknowledgethatpeopleplacevaryingemphasis__11__income,butpointoutthatworkerstendtomovefromoneoccupationtoanother__12__changesinsalaries.In1931,H.F.Clark,aneconomist,statedthat“properinformationregardingwagesifsufficiently__13__uponpeople,willleadtocorrectchoiceofoccupationandcorrect__14__ofpeopleinanoccupation,providedbarrierstooccupationshavebeenremoved.”Thismeansthatthesupplyanddemandofworkershave__15__todowithwages,__16__inturninfluencepeopletochoosecertaincareers..However,allbarrierstooccupationswillhavetoberemoved__17__careerchoicescanbe__18__byeconomicsalone.Thereislittlequestion__19__economicfactorshavesomeinfluenceonchoiceofanoccupation.Buttopicturethemasthemajorormostimportantreason__20__againstthesoundestoffolkwisdom:“Mandoesnotlivebybreadalone.”11.A.inB.onC.intoD.for12.A.despiteB.otherthanC.throughD.becauseof13.A.toimpressB.tobeimpressedC.impressD.impressed14.A.numberB.amountC.dealD.quantity15.A.manyB.muchC.lotD.nothing16.A.itB.thatC.whichD.where17.A.beforeB.afterC.untilD.when18.A.expectedB.explainedC.expressedD.exposed19.A.thatB.whichC.asD.when20.A.togoB.goingC.goesD.goⅢ.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)从下列每篇短文的问题后所给的四个选择项中选出一个最佳答案，并将选项号填在答题纸的相应位置上。PassageOneQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.“Nomanisanisland,”wrotethepoetJohnDonneseveralcenturiesago.Hewasacknowledgingoneofourmostdistinctivecharacteristics:thefactthatwearesocialanimalswhosebehaviorandpersonalitiesareshapedbythegroupstowhichwebelong.Throughoutlife,mostofourdailyactivitiesareperformedinthecompanyofothers.Whetherourpurposeisworking,playing,raisingafamily,learning,orsimplyrelaxing,weusuallypursueitingroups,evenifthegroupisassmallastwoorthreepeople.Outneedforhumancontactsisnotmerelyapracticalone;itisadeeppsychologicalneedaswell.Ifpeoplearedeprivedofthecompanyofothersforprolongedperiods,mentalbreakdownistheusualresult.EventheGenevanConvention(日内瓦公约)，aninternationalagreementthatregulatesthetreatmentofprisonersofwar,recognizesthisneed.Itregardssolitary(孤独的)imprisonmentformorethanthirtydayasacruelformoftorture(折磨).Initsstrictestsense,agroupisacollectionofpeopleinteractingtogetherinanorderlywayonthebasisofsharedexpectationsaboutoneanother'sbehavior.Asresultofthisinteraction,membersfeelacommonsenseof“belonging.”Theydistinguishmembersfromnonmembersandexpectcertainkindsofbehaviorfromoutsiders.21.By“Nomanisanisland,”JohnDonnemeans_____.A.noonecanliveonanislandaloneB.amanisnotsurroundedbyseaonallsidesC.amanandanislandareirrelevantD.noonecanliveinisolationfromotherpeople22.Thefactthatweworkorevenplayingroupsillustratesthepointthat____.A.poeplearedifferentfromanimalsB.DonnerecognizedthegrouptowhichhebelongedC.humanbeingsaresocialanimalsD.humanbehaviorandpersonalitiesareformedbyothers23.“Breakdown”asusedinLine6,Paragraph2mostprobablydenotes____.A.separationB.collapseC.analysisD.function24.Accordingtothepassage,whatisNOTacharacteristicofgroup?A.Thereareatleasttwopeopleinit.B.Thememberssharesomecommongrounds.C.Themembersworkforonepurpose.D.Themembersinteractregularlywitheachother.25.Thispassageismainlyabout_______.A.theimportanceofhumancontactsB.pattensofhumanbehaviorC.theimportanceofhumanactivitiesD.patternsofhumansocietyPassageTwoQuestions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Thewordhealthcanbeusedinanumberofways.Inthepast,healthonlytheabsenceofndiseaseorillness.Today,though,healthhasabroadermeaning.Healthisthestateofyourwell-beingthatincludeshowyoufeelphysically,mentally,andsocially.Wellnessisanothertermthatdescribesthisbroaderviewofhealth.Youcanunderstandtheneedforabroaderdefinitionifyouthinkabouthowhealthinyourlifeisdifferentfromhealthinyourgrandparents'lives.In1900,themaincausesofdeathwerediseasesthatwerespreadbybacteria(细菌)andviruses(病毒).Ifyouhadlivedthen,thedangerofyourdyingfrompneumonia(肺炎)wouldhavebeenthreetimesgreaterthanthedangerofyourdyingfromcancer.Thediseasesthatweremostcommonin1900affectedpeopleofallages.Itisnotsurprising,thenthataround1900,theemphasisofhealthwasonfreedomfromillness.Todaymanyofthediseasesthatwerecommonin1900canbepreventedorcuredbyimprovedmedicinesandmethodsofsanitation(卫生).Mostdiseasesnowarelikelytooccurlaterinlife.Youasateenagerwillprobablynothavetothinkaboutthesamethreatstoyourhealthasyourgrandparentsdid.Theseimprovementsinhealthconditionsmeanthatnotonlycanyounowenjoyabetterlife,butyoualsohaveagreaterchanceofhavingalongerlife.ConrtollingdiseaseshasincreasedthelifeexpectancyintheUnitedStates.Grenerally,peoplebornmorerecentlyhavehigherlifeexpectancies.Since1900,thelifeexpectancyintheUnitedStateshasincreasedbymorethan27years.Ithasincreasedfrom47yearsforthosebornin1900to74years1981.26.AccordingtoParagraph1,healthandwellness______.A.canbeusedinterchangeablyonalloccasionsB.aredifferentinthatthelatterhasabroadersenseC.hadthesamemeaninginthepastD.bothrefertothestateofyourwell-being27.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?A.Diseasescausedbybacteriaandviruseswereincurablein1900.B.Bacteriaandvirusesarethemaincausesofdeathtoday.C.Medicinesforcuringpneumoniawerenotavailablein1900.D.Pneumoniacausedasmanydeathsin1900ascancerdoestoday.28.“Lifeexpectancy”inthelastparagraphmostprobablymeans____.A.thekindoflifethatapersonmayexpecttoliveB.themodeoflifethatagroupofpeoplehavelivedC.thelengthoftimethatapersonorananimalhaslivedD.thelengthoftimethatpeoplemayexpecttolive29.Onanaverage,peopleinAmericawhowerebornin1900______.A.hadalife-spanof74yearsB.livedashorterbutbetterlifethanthosebornlaterC.livedto47yearsofageD.lived27yearslongerthanthosebornin1981n30.Theintendedreadersofthepassageare_______.A.teenagersB.thediseasedC.adultsD.agedpeoplePassageThreeQuestions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage.MostAmericanswouldhaveadifficulttimetellingyou,specifically,whatthevaluesarewhichAmericansliveby.Theyhavenevergiventhematteranythought.OvertheyearsIhaveintroducedthousandsofinternationalvisitorstolifeintheUnitedStates.ThishascausedmetotrytolockatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitors,Iamconfidentthatthevalueslistedinthisbookletdescribemost(butnotall)Americans,andthatunderstandingthesevaluescanhelpyou,theinternationalvisitor,understandAmericans.Itismybeliefthatifforeignvisitorsreallyunderstandhowdeeplythese13valuesareingrainedinAmericans,theywillthenbeabletounderstand95%ofAmericanactions—actionswhichmightotherwiseappear“strange,”“confusing,”or“unbelievable”whenevaluatedfromtheperspectiveoftheforeigner'sownsocietyanditsvalues.Thedifferentbehaviorsofapeopleoraculturemakesenseonlywhenseenthroughthebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesofthatparticulargroup.Whenyouencounterandaction,orhearastatementintheUnitedStateswhichsurprisesyou,trytoseeitasanexpressionofoneormoreofthevalueslistedinthisbooklet.31.CananordinaryAmericantellyouhis/hervaluesystem?A.Yes,becausethisissomethinganAmericanlivesby.B.No,becauseeveryonewillhavehis/herownsystem.C.No,becausehe/shehasneverthoughtaboutit.D.Yes,becausevaluesaresomethingoftenintheirthought.32.Theauthorlists13valuesinhisbookletto_____.A.inviteforeignerstovisitAmericaB.lookatAmericansthroughtheeyesofforeignvisitorsC.describetheconfusingactionsofmostAmericansD.helpinternationalvisitorsunderstandAmericans33.Theword“ingrained”inLine2,Paragraph3mostprobablymeans_____.A.rootedinthemindsB.foundinthegrainsC.plantedforfoodnD.preparedwithgrain34.VisitorssometimesfineAmericansbehaveinastrange,confusingorunbelievableway,probablybecause_____.A.AmericansarehardtounderstandB.AmericanshavevalueswhichareentirelydifferentfromtheirownC.theyviewAmericansaccordingtothevaluesintheirownsocietyD.itisdifficulttounderstandanypeoplewhenyoufirstencounterthem35.HowcanyouunderstandasurprisingbehaviororstatementofanAmericanwhenyouvisittheUnitedStates?A.Bylinkingittothebasicbeliefs,assumptionsandvaluesoftheAmericans.B.Bycomparingitwiththevaluesofyourselfandyourcountry.C.Byexpressingoneormoreofthevaluesinthisbooklet.D.Bylookingattheparticulargroupofpeoplewhobehaveorspeakthatway.PARTTWOⅣ.WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwoitems)将下列汉语单词译成英语。作为提示，每个单词的词类、首字母及字母数目均已给出。请将完整的单词写在答题纸上。36.护照n.p_______37.毕业生n.g_______38.减轻；救济n.r_____39.货物，船货n.c_______40.深奥的，深刻的a.p_______41.使延长v.l_______42.城市的a.u_____43.任命v.a_______44.诚实n.h_____45.强迫v.c_______46.批评的，批判的a.c______47.献身，忠诚n.d______48.效率高的a.e______49.手工的a.m_______50.日常工作，常规n.r______51.中立的a.n_______52.朝气蓬勃的a.y______53.提高v.h_______54.附加的；另外的a.a______55.家庭的；家庭a.&n.h_______Ⅴ.WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)将括号中的各词变为适当的形式填入空白。答案写在答题纸上。56.______(stand)atthegatewasayoungmaningreencoat.57.Itissaidtheconferenceis______(hold)inthishallnextmonth.58.Littledidtheyrealizethatthey_____(make)animportantdiscoveryinscience.n59.wewouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressoursincere_____(appreciate)ofyourhelp.60.Asresearchtechniquesbecomemoreadvanced,thenumberofanimalsusedinexperimentsmaydecrease,butstopping____(test)onanimalsaltogetherisalongwayaway.61.Largeorfatpeoplewhowanttolook____(small)thantheyareusuallyweardarkclothes.62.Robots,becoming______(increase)prevalentinfactories,areprogrammedandengineeredtodomorejobs.63.Theauthorofthetextexpressesastrong_____(disapprove)ofworkingonandofffrequently.64.Hewouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,ifhe______(notbe)sobusy.65.Alife_____(live)withoutfantasyanddaydreamingisareallypoorlifeindeed.Ⅵ.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachitem)将下列各句译成英语并将答案写在答题纸上。66.图书管理员要求学生有读完杂志后放回原处。67.警察已着手对这个案子进行细致、全面的调查。68.你是否把所有的钱都从银行里取出来由你自己决定。69.他对妻子要离开他的威胁没有在意。70.如果你坚持不听我的话，我就是要惩罚你。Ⅶ.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)将下列短文译成汉语并将答案写在答题纸上。Whenwetalkaboutintelligence,wedonotmeantheabilitytogetgoodscoresoncertainkindsoftestsortheabilitytodowellinschool.Byintelligencewemeanawayoflivingandbehaving,especiallyinaneworupsettingsituation.Forinstance,wheninanewsituation,anintelligentpersonthinksnotabouthimselforwhatmighthappentohim.Hetriestofindoutallhecan,andthenpredictsthesituation,actsimmediatelyandtriestodosomethingaboutit.Heprobablyisn'tsurehowitwillallworkout,butatleasthetries.Andifhecannotmakethingsworkoutright,hedoesn'tfeelashamedthathehasfailed;hejusttriestolearnfromhismistakes.Anintelligentperson,evenifheisveryyoung,hasaspecialoutlookonlife,aspecialfeelingaboutlife,andknowshowtofitintoit.全国2002年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二)试题参考答案n课程代码：00015Ⅰ.VocabularyandStructure(10points,1pointforeachitem)1.A2.C3.B4.B5.D6.A7.A8.D9.C10.DⅡ.ClozeTest(10points,1pointforeachitem)11.B12.D13.D14.A15.B16.C17.A18.B19.A20.CⅢ.ReadingComprehension(30points,2pointsforeachitem)21.D22.C23.B24.C25.A26.D27.C28.D29.C30.A31.C32.D33.A34.C35.AⅣ.WordSpelling(10points,1pointfortwoitems)36.passport37.graduate38.relief39.cargo40.profound41.lengthen42.urban43.appoint44.honesty45.compel46.critical47.devotion48.efficient49.manual50.routine51.neutral52.youthful53.heighten54.additional55.householdⅤ.WordForm(10points,1pointforeachitem)56.Standing57.tobeheld58.hadmade59.appreciation60.testing61.smaller62.increasingly63.disapproval64.hadnotbeen65.livedⅥ.TranslationfromChineseintoEnglish(15points,3pointsforeachitem)66.Thelibrarianaskedthestudentstoreplacethemagazinesafterreading.67.Thepolicehavetakenadetailedandcomprehensiveinvestigationintothecase.68.It'suptoyouwhetheryouwillwithdrawallyourmoneyformthebank.69.Hetooknonoticeofhiswife'sthreattoleavehim.70.IfyoupersistinignoringwhatI(have)said,Iwillpunishyou.Ⅶ.TranslationfromEnglishintoChinese(15points)谈到聪明，我们不是指在某些种类的考试中得高分、或者在学校取得优异成绩的能力。我们所指的聪明是一种生活和行为的方式，尤其是在新的或者令人不安的情况下的生活行为方式。比如，遇到新的情况，聪明人考虑的不是自己，或者自己会出什么事，而是尽一切努力了解情况，然后预测形势，并立即采取行动解决问题。他或许并不知道行动的结局如何，但至少他会尽力而为。如果他无法解决好问题，他不会因为失败而感到难堪，他只会从错误中取教训。聪明人即使年龄很小也对生活有特殊的态度、特殊的情感，并知道如何适应生活。