2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（十六）（含解析）外研版必修3

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（十六）（含解析）外研版必修3

高考提能练(十六)Module4　SandstormsinAsiaⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·湖北八校第一次联考]Leadersshapehistoryandhereisaselectionofthemostremarkableviewsintothesepublicfiguresplusfirsthandaccountsbythosewithaccesstothem.MargaretThatcherbyCharlesMoore(2013)BeforeMoorepublishedthefirstvolumeofhisbiography,therehadalreadybeenamountainofbooksonThatcher.Moore'saccountisdifferent.Heshowsthatfarfrombeingfearless,shecouldoftenbefearfulwithoutcause.Thefinalvolumewillincludeherfallfrompower.HaroldWilsonbyBenPimlott(1992)HaroldWilsonhadbecomeaghostlyfigurewhenthisbookwaspublishedin1992.Theabsenceheightenedasenseofmystery.Whowashe?Howtoexplainhisseeminglycontradictorycharacteristics?Pimlottsolvessomeofthemysteries;thebookisdetaileduntilWilson'sfinalphaseasprimeministerin1974.ChurchillbyRoyJenkins(2001)Jenkinswritesasapoliticianaswellasahistorian,analyzingChurchill'shistoricmovesfromtheopinionsofonewhohadalsospokenintheCommons.Jenkinshadresignedfromhighpositionsinbattlesoverpolicy,andasonethatchangedparties,thoughnotasfrequentlyasChurchilldid.RoyJenkinsbyJohnCampbell(2014)Campbellcalmlynarratesmanypoliticalandpersonaldramas,includingJenkins'intenserelationshipwithAnthonyCroslandwhentheywerebothstudentsatOxford.CampbellalsoaddressesJenkins'variousaffairswithwomen.LikeJenkins'politicalheroes,heledmanylives.Campbellissharpindescribingeachofthem.Diaries,VolumesOnetoSixbyAlastairCampbell(2017)Loveorhatehim,Campbellremainsthemasteroftheinsidestory,notjustbecauseofhisunusualideasontherelationshipbetweenTonyBlairandGordonBrown.Thisisanincrediblydetailedbookonwhatit'sliketoliveinsideNo.10:thecruelspaceofevents;andtheconstantconflictwiththemedia.体裁：应用文　题材：人物传记　主题：五本有关伟人的传记【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者。文章具体介绍了作者姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。【难句分析】　Jenkinswritesasapoliticianaswellasahistorian,analyzingChurchill'shistoricmovesfromtheopinionsofonewhohadalsospokenintheCommons.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中whohadalsospokenintheCommons为who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词one，在从句中作主语；句中analyzing...theCommons作伴随状语。译文：詹金斯作为一位政治家和历史学家来写(这本书)，他从一个也在下议院发过言的人的角度分析了丘吉尔的历史性举动。1．Whichofthefollowingleadershasthelargestnumberofbookswrittenabouthim/her?A．HaroldWilson.　　　B．Churchill.C．MargaretThatcher.D．TonyBlair.答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段第一句“BeforeMoorepublishedthefirstvolumeofhisbiographytherehadalreadybeenamountainofbooksonnThatcher”可知，在摩尔出版他的第一本传记之前，已经有很多关于撒切尔夫人的书了；其他四本书的介绍中都没有提及曾经有专门介绍该政治家的书出版。据此可知，在介绍的五个政治领导人中，写撒切尔夫人的书最多，故C项正确。2．Whichwriterwasonceapolitician?A．BenPimlott.B．CharlesMoore.C．JohnCampbell.D．RoyJenkins.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第四段第一句“Jenkinswritesasapoliticianaswellasahistorian,analyzingChurchill'shistoricmovesfromtheopinionsofonewhohadalsospokenintheCommons”可知，詹金斯是一位政治家，也是一位历史学家，故D项正确。其他作者都没有被提及曾经是政治家。3．What'stheauthor'spurposeofwritingthepassage?A．Tointroducesomehistoriesonelections.B．Torecommendsomebooksonleaders.C．Totellsomemysteriesabouthistorians.D．Tothinkhighlyofsomefamousleaders.答案与解析：B　考查目的意图。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了五本有关改变历史的世界伟人的传记，书的作者是掌握这一伟人的第一手资料者，文章具体介绍了作者姓名、出版时间、书的内容等。据此可知，本文旨在推荐一些关于政治领导人的书籍，故B项正确。B“Clothesswapping”isanactivitywhichhasbecomeincreasinglypopularamongAmericanwomen.Ataclothesswapeventthewomencangiveawayunwantedclothingandgetsomethingdifferentinreturn.Recentlyabout300womenwenttoaclothesswapatahighschoolinSpringfield,Virginia.Itwasthelargestcrowdeverforthearea'spopularclothingswappinggroup.DaphneSteinbergwashavingagoodday.“ForanyonewhoknowsAnnTaylorLOFT,AnnTaylorisareallygoodwomen'sdesignerandIwilltotallywearthistowork.SoIlovethat,andIlovethatIcanequipmyselfforwork,haveagoodtimeindoingit,andnottotallybankrupt(使破产)myself.”SandyVanDusenlikestheideathatclothesarefindingnewhomesinsteadofbeingthrownaway.“BecauseithelpstokeeptheEarthgreen.There'snopointinmyopinionincontinuingtobuynewclotheswhenwecanreusewhatarealreadyhere.Givethemanewhome—letsomebodyelselovewhatyouusedtoloveandnolongerlove.”KimPrattorganizedtheclothesswapeventinSpringfield.Shealsoorganizedamoneyraisingactivityforthehighschool'sdebateteam.Itisoneofseveralwaysthathergroupgivestocharitablecauses.Anotherisbydonatingallofthe“unswapped”clothingtosheltersforvictimsofdomesticviolence.“Istarteddoingthisfouryearsago,andwe'vebeendoingitforfouryears,gettingbiggerandbiggereachtimewehaveaswap.”Sheusedthesocialmediawebsitemeetup.comtohelppublicizetheevents.Thewebsitehashelpedhergroupgrowfrom30membersto1,300.Ms.Prattsaysmostofthemembersrespecttheclothingswaprules.Butshesayscompetitionfordesirablefashioncanbestrong.“Wehavetotellpeoplesometimesnottohover(徘徊)overthenewpeoplecominginwiththeirclothing.Astheyputitout,somepeopletendtograbthestuffrightoutoftheirhandsanditbecomeslikeafreeforall.Wetrytoavoidthatasmuchaspossible.”体裁：说明文　题材：日常生活　主题：“交换衣服”【语篇解读】　文章介绍了在Springfield的一所高中举办的“交换衣服”活动，详细介绍了活动组织人KimPratt组织该活动的初衷、意义和存在的问题等。【难句分析】　“Clothesswapping”isanactivitywhichhasbecomeincreasinglypopularamongAmericanwomen.n分析：该句为主从复合句。whichhasbecomeincreasinglypopularamongAmericanwoman为which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词anactivity。译文：“交换衣服”是一项越来越受美国女士欢迎的活动。4．Womencan________ataclothesswap.A．exchangeunwantedclothingforsomethingdifferentB．buywhateverclothingtheylikeC．haveasocialgatheringandmakefriendsD．makesomemoneybygivingawayunwantedclothing答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Ataclothesswapeventthewomencangiveawayunwantedclothingandgetsomethingdifferentinreturn”可知，在“交换衣服”活动中，女士可以捐赠自己不想要的衣服，作为回报她们会得到一些不同的衣服，故A项正确。5．WecanlearnfromwhatDaphneSteinbergsaidthat__________.A．shewenttoaclothesswapforthefirsttimeB．sheexperiencedthelargestclothesswapeverintheareaC．shegotsomeclothesshelikesattheclothesswapD．shesavedmuchmoremoneythanshehadexpected答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第三段中DaphneSteinberg所说的话中的“ForanyonewhoknowsAnnTaylorLOFT,AnnTaylorisareallygoodwomen'sdesignerandIwilltotallywearthistowork”可知，DaphneSteinberg在这次“交换衣服”活动中得到了她喜欢的AnnTaylor设计的衣服，并会穿着它去上班，故C项正确。6．WhatisParagraph5mainlyabout?A．WhatKimPrattdidwiththeunswappedclothing.B．HowKimPrattstartedtheclothesswapevent.C．WhatKimPrattdidtohelppeopleinneed.D．HowKimPrattraisedmoneytohelpcharitablecauses.答案与解析：C　考查段落大意。通读第五段可知，该段主要介绍了KimPratt为帮助需要帮助的人组织的多个活动，包括“交换衣服”活动、为Springfield的一所高中的辩论队组织的筹款活动、捐赠衣服给家庭暴力受害者庇护所的活动，故C项正确。7．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat________.A．clothesswapsareoftenoutofcontrolintheendB．inappropriatebehavioratclothesswapsneedstobecontrolledC．clothesswappingisbecomingincreasinglypopularwithAmericanwomenD．moreclothesswapeventsneedtobeorganized答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“somepeopletendtograbthestuffrightoutoftheirhandsanditbecomeslikeafreeforall.Wetrytoavoidthatasmuchaspossible”可推知，在“交换衣服”活动中，对一些不恰当的行为应该加以控制，故B项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空[2019·江西检测]Fromayoungage,myparentshavetaughtmetheimportanceofgivinggenerouslytothelessfortunate.Outof__1__，wheneverthereissomethingIcan__2__，Igiveittosomeoneonthestreets.Lastweek,__3__Ileftthehousetorunafewerrands(差事),Icarriedwithmesomeoldclothes,somefoodandahandbagtohandovertosomeone__4__.Asthecar__5__atatrafficsignal,Isawagirloffiveorsixaskingformoney.I__6__hertocometomeandquickly__7__allthethingsIhad.AsIstartedhandingthemover,sheseemed__8__.Shelookedupatmewithasweetsmileonherfaceandaskedwhatwasinthe__9__.Itoldherthereweresomeclothesandfoodforher.__10__shelookedupatmeandasked,“Canyougivemesomewater？”ItwasthenthatInoticedher__11__lips.Itseemedasifshehadnothadadropofwaternallday.I__12__mybottleofwaterthatIalwayscarriedwithmeandhelpedhertodrinkfromit.Shefinisheditquicklyandgavemeaheartwarmingsmileof__13__.IwasthankfulthatIcould__14__hersimplewish!Irealizedonceagainthatdaythatyoudon'tnecessarilyhavetomakebig__15__tohelpsomeone.Thisexperience__16__onceagainmybeliefinthe__17__actsofkindnessandhowtheycanmakesomeone's__18__.Thenexttimeyouwanttodosomethingniceforsomeone,don't__19__，waitingfortherightchance.__20__anddoit!体裁：记叙文　题材：日常生活　主题：帮助他人【语篇解读】　文章主要讲述了作者帮助一个女孩的故事以及由此产生的一些感悟。1．A.respectB．habitC．sympathyD．kindness答案与解析：B　上文作者提到从小父母就教育自己要对不幸的人慷慨解囊，所以此处指出于习惯(habit)。respect“敬重”；sympathy“同情(心)”；kindness“好心；仁慈”。2．A.affordB．getC．spareD．serve答案与解析：C　出于习惯，每当有可以提供(给别人)的东西的时候，作者就会把它送给流浪街头的人。故选spare“(尤指不会造成不便或损失地)供给，给予”。3．A.asB．untilC．onceD．before答案与解析：A　上星期，当离开家去办差事的时候，作者带了一些旧衣服、食物和一个手提包去送给一些贫穷的人。根据语境可知，应选as“当……时候”。4．A.needyB．sickC．disabledD．sad答案与解析：A　参见上题解析。needy意为“缺食物(钱)的，贫困的”。5．A.parkedB．staredC．turnedD．paused答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，此处指的是车停在了交通信号灯处，故选pause“暂停，停顿”。6．A.phonedB．signaledC．advisedD．allowed答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，此处是指作者招手示意(signaled)女孩过来。7．A.threwB．fetchedC．packedD．collected答案与解析：D　女孩过来后，作者把自己放在车里的衣服和食物快速收集(collected)在一起。8．A.ashamedB．upsetC．embarrassedD．astonished答案与解析：D　根据语境及下文女孩问问题可以推知，女孩很吃惊(astonished)。ashamed“羞耻的”；embarrassed“尴尬的”；upset“不安的”。9．A.carB．bagC．bottleD．clothes答案与解析：B　根据上文内容可知，作者出门时带的东西有衣服、食物和手提包。所以作者这里应是把衣服和食物装在包(bag)里送给她。10．A.ThenB．NextC．AgainD．But答案与解析：C　根据空后的“shelookedupatmeandasked”以及上文中的“Shelookedupatmewithasweetsmileonherfaceandasked”可知，此处应是指女孩再一次(Again)抬起头来看作者并问问题。11．A.dirtyB．palenC．thickD．dry答案与解析：D　根据下文中的“Itseemedasifshehadnothadadropofwaterallday”可知，女孩由于缺水嘴唇比较干(dry)。12．A.pointedoutB．pickedoutC．gaveoutD．tookout答案与解析：D　作者取出(tookout)随身携带的一瓶水。pointout“指出，指明”；pickout“挑选”；giveout“分发，发出”。13．A.happinessB．pleasureC．appreciationD．welcome答案与解析：C　根据语境可知，女孩喝完作者递给她的水后，应是流露出感激的微笑。appreciation“感激，欣赏”。14．A.satisfyB．attainC．promiseD．realize答案与解析：A　女孩那时的心愿是有水喝，所以作者满足(satisfy)了她的心愿。attain“达到，获得”；promise“承诺”；realize“实现”。15．A.differencesB．ambitionsC．achievementsD．donations答案与解析：D　那一天作者再次意识到你没有必要给予大额的捐赠(donations)来帮助他人。ambition“野心，欲望”；achievement“成就”。16．A.foundB．doubtedC．showedD．proved答案与解析：D　这再次证明(proved)了作者的信仰：简单的(simple)善举以及这些善举是如何给人们带来幸福的。17．A.uniqueB．simpleC．reliableD．polite答案与解析：B　参见上题解析。18．A.dayB．fortuneC．dreamD．life答案与解析：A　参见第16题解析。makeone'sday“给某人带来幸福；使某人高兴”。19．A.holdonB．holdupC．holdbackD．holddown答案与解析：C　此处作者想要表达的是下次你想帮别人时，不要犹豫，故选holdback“犹豫”。holdon“不挂断电话，等一等”；holdup“举起，阻挡”；holddown“压制，保住”。20．A.TakecareB．SpeedupC．GoaheadD．Lookout答案与解析：C　此处是作者鼓励别人去做助人为乐的事。goahead“开始吧，开始(做某事)”符合语境。takecare“提防，注意”；speedup“加速”；lookout“注意，当心”。Ⅲ.语法填空[2019·江西联盟检测]TheannualIceandSnowSculptureFestivalisHarbin'smaintouristhighlight.Itistheworld'sbiggestwinterfestival.The__1__(bitter)coldwintersarejustrightforthisfestival.__2__setstheHarbinfestivalapartisthescaleandsizeofthesculpturesandthe__3__(beauty)lighting.Itisbiggerthan__4__onesinSapporo,Norway,andQuebec.Atfirst,mainlytheChinese__5__(participate),butinthelastdecade,ithasbecomeaninternationalfestivaland__6__(compete).Asthefestivalgrowsininternationalparticipation,andasChina'seconomygrows,thesizeofthesnowsculpturesandicearchitectureexhibitskeeps__7__(grow).Theworksmakinguptheseexhibitsareastonishing,andtheirsizeandbeautyareamazing.Thelighting__8__(effect)onthehugeicesculpturesintheIceandSnownSculptureFestivalaretechnologicallycomplex.Officially,thefestival__9__(hold)fromtheendofDecemberthroughFebruary.Openingdateskeepchanging,andendingdatespartlydepend__10__theweather.体裁：说明文　题材：节日　主题：哈尔滨冰雕节【语篇解读】　介绍了哈尔滨冰雕节的发展和现状。1．答案与解析：bitterly　考查副词。空处修饰形容词cold，所以要用副词。bitterlycold“极其寒冷的”。2．答案与解析：What　考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，空处引导主语从句，指“……的东西”，故填What。3．答案与解析：beautiful　考查形容词。根据句意可知，此处的lighting是名词，意为“灯光”，所以要用形容词来修饰。4．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。空后的ones指festivals，后面给出了具体的地点，故空处表特指，应填定冠词the。5．答案与解析：participated　考查时态。空处所填词在句中作谓语，根据时间状语Atfirst可知，此处描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。6．答案与解析：competition　考查名词。空处与前面的名词festival并列，故填所给词的名词形式。7．答案与解析：growing　考查非谓语动词。keep(on)doingsth.是固定用法，表示“继续做某事”，故填growing。8．答案与解析：effects　考查名词。effect在此处意为“效果”，根据后面的谓语动词are可知，空处要用名词复数。9．答案与解析：isheld　考查时态和语态。此处描述的是现在的客观情况，故用一般现在时；thefestival与hold之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。10．答案与解析：on/upon　考查介词。dependon/upon意为“取决于”，是固定搭配。