2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练33underthesea（含解析）新人教版

2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练33underthesea（含解析）新人教版

课时提能练(三十三)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·昆明调研)WhenshewasfoundoffthecoastofCaliforniafouryearsago，thefurseal，knownasZiggyStar，wasskinnyandfragile.Shewasunfittoreturntothewild.Andthoughaprofessionalrescueteamtookherintocareforher，Ziggycontinuedtodecline.“Iwouldn'thavegivenhernextweek，”saysUriarte，asurgeonwholedarecentfirstofitskindbrainoperationontheseal.Theoperationwasthefirstofitskindtotreathydrocephalusinfurseals.ThesurgicalteamatTuftswasunabletofindanydocumentedevidenceofasimilarprocedure，sotheyneededalotofpreparationtooperateonZiggy'sbrain.ThebiggestconcerninoperatingonZiggywashowtocontroltheanimal'sanesthesia(麻醉)．“Whenthey'reunderanesthesiatheirbody'sreactionincludesdecreasingtheirheartrate，bloodpressure，andbreathing，”saysFlower，whoobservesZiggyandtheotheranimals'care，describingthespecialchallengesofoperatingonseals.Onthedayofthesurgery，Flowersaysthatsheandherteam“wereallquiteanxiousnotknowingwhatwouldhappen”．Movingquicklywasextremelyimportant；thelongershewasunderanesthesia，themorelikelythatshecouldloseherbreathing，saysthesurgeon.Thesealhasbeenkeptonlandtopreventwaterfromenteringthecutonherhead.Now，Ziggyiseatingafulldietandisbeginningtogainweightagain.“RecentlyI'veallowedhertogoswimming，”saysFlower.However，thesourceofZiggy'sneurologicaldisorder(神经紊乱)isstillamystery.“Mytheoryisthatwhenshewasfound，shehadaheadinjury，”Uriartesays.“Hitbyaboatmaybe...Thathappensalotwithseals.”Flowerislesswillingtoguess.“Idon'tthinkthere'senoughinformationtomakethatassumption.Wejustdon'tknowwhathappenedtoher.”【语篇解读】　本文是动物保护类记叙文。ZiggyStar是一只在加利福尼亚海岸被发现的非常瘦弱的海豹，因为Ziggy有脑积水，医生为她进行了手术，她现在已经能够正常进食，体重也在逐步恢复，但究竟是什么导致了她的神经紊乱，这依旧是一个谜。1．Whenfirstfound，ZiggyStarlooked________．A．thinandweakB．activeandexcitedC．bloodyandfierceD．strongandenergeticA　[细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“WhenshewasfoundoffthecoastofCalifornianfouryearsago，thefurseal，knownasZiggyStar，wasskinnyandfragile”中的skinny(极瘦的)和fragile(虚弱的)可知A项正确。]2．Whatwasthemostchallengingtaskonthedayoftheoperation?A．Helpingthesealregainherbreathing.B．Usinganesthesiaproperlyontheseal.C．Makingfullpreparationsfortheoperation.D．Balancingthefunctionsoftheseal'sorgans.B　[细节理解题。题干中的关键词是themostchallengingtask(最有挑战性的任务)，据此定位到第二段中的“ThebiggestconcerninoperatingonZiggywashowtocontroltheanimal'sanesthesia(麻醉)”，由此可知，手术最大的挑战是如何控制麻醉，所以选B。]3．WhatcanwelearnaboutZiggyaftertheoperation?A．Sheisstrongenoughtoliveinthewild.B．Sheissufferingfromaheartratedisorder.C．Shehasalreadybecomeasheavyasbefore.D．Sheisrecoveringfromthebrainoperation.D　[推理判断题。题干的关键词是aftertheoperation，据此定位到文章最后一段第一句“Now，Ziggyiseatingafulldietandisbeginningtogainweightagain”，由此可知，手术后，海豹已经能够正常进食，体重也在恢复，所以选D。]4．Whatisprobablytheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?A．Toshowhumans'loveforacreature.B．Tofindoutawaytooperateonaseal.C．Torememberaninjuredsealindanger.D．Toexplorethereasonsforaseal'sinjury.A　[目的意图题。作者在文章中介绍了拯救受伤海豹的过程，旨在说明人们对于动物的爱护，所以选A。]B(2019·陕西省部分学校检测)Scientistsarepreparingtolaunchtheworld'sfirstmachinetocleanuptheplanet'slargestmassofoceanplastic.Theexpertsbelievethemachineshouldbeabletocollecthalfofthedetritusinthepatch—about40，000metrictons—withinfiveyears.Inthepastfewweekstheyhavebeenbusyweldingtogethergianttubesthatwillsitonthesurfaceoftheseaandformtheskeletonofthemachine，creatingthelargestfloatingbarrierevermade.Thesystem，originallydreamtupbyMr.Slat，willbeshippedoutthissummertontheGreatPacificGarbagePatch，betweenHawaiiandCalifornia，whichcontainsestimated1.8trillionpiecesofplastic.Itwillbethefirsteverattempttotacklethepatchsinceitwasdiscoveredin1997.Mr.Slatwas16andstillatschoolwhenhewasdivinginGreeceandfirstsawforhimselftheamountofplasticpollutingthesea.“Thereweremorebagsthanfishdownthere，”herecalls.Twoyearslaterhecameupwithasolution，quituniversityaftersixmonthsandsetupTheOceanCleanupasacompany.Mr.Slatsaysthefirstplastictoarriveonshorewillbeamajormilestone.“Weashumanitycreatedthisproblem，soIthinkit'salsoourresponsibilitytohelpsolveit，”hesays.TheGreatPacificGarbagePatch(GPGP)coversanareaof1.6millionsquarekilometersandcontainsatleast79，000tonsofplastic，researchfoundlastmonth.Mostofitismadeup“ghostgear”—partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear，suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingvessels.Ghostgearkillsmorethan100，000whales，dolphinsandsealseachyear，accordingtoscientificsurveys.Seabirdsandothermarinelifeareincreasinglybeingfounddeadwithstomachsfullofsmallpiecesofplastic.Creatureseatplasticdiscardedintheseathinkingit'sfoodbutthenstarvetodeathbecausetheyarenotfeedingproperly.Othersaretrappedanddieofstarvationorarestrangledorsuffocatedbyghostgear.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedwordinthesecondparagraphprobablymean?A．Waste.　　　　　　　　B．Ocean.C．System.D．Machine.A　[词义猜测题。根据第二段画线词前的“collecthalfof”和第四段第一句中的“firstsawforhimselftheamountofplasticpollutingthesea”和第五段最后一句中的“partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear，suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingvessels”可推知，画线词的意思是“垃圾”。故选A。]6．WhichonemakesupmostofthegarbageinPacificfromthepassage?A．Fishingvessels.B．Dolphinsandseals.C．Gianttubes.D．Abandonedfishinggear.D　[细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句“Mostofitismadeupof‘ghostgear’—partsofabandonedandlostfishinggear，suchasnetsandropes—oftenfromillegalfishingnvessels”可知，太平洋里的大部分垃圾是由废弃的钓鱼用具组成的。]7．WhydosomecreaturesinTheGreatPacificGarbagePatchdieofstarvation?A．Becausetheyarekilledbyghostgear.B．Becausetheyaresuffocatedbyghostgear.C．Becausetheydon'tlikeeatingplastic.D．Becausetheyarenotfeedingproperly.D　[细节理解题。根据最后一段倒数第二句中的“butthenstarvetodeathbecausetheyarenotfeedingproperly”可知，大太平洋垃圾带的一些生物死于饥饿是因为它们不能真正地进食。]8．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Areportaboutthedeathofmarinelife.B．Newsaboutthefirstmachinetocleanupoceanplastic.C．Informationaboutoceanplastic.D．Thereasonforinventingamachine.B　[主旨大意题。本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了世界首个海洋垃圾清扫机的发明。第一段“Scientistsarepreparingtolaunchtheworld'sfirstmachinetocleanuptheplanet'slargestmassofoceanplastic”点明了文章的主题。故选B。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·长沙测评)WemadeaquickstopatthegrocerystoretopickupcupcakesformydaughterNorah'sfourthbirthday.Asanoldergentlemanwalkedby，Norah__1__andwaved.“Hioldperson！It'smybirthdaytoday！”Iapologizedtohimembarrassedlyforher__2__．“Hellolittlelady！Andhowoldareyoutoday？”heasked.They__3__foracoupleofminutes，withNorah__4__himinonthedetailsofherbirthday，andwewentour__5__ways.Butafewminuteslater，Norah__6__shereallywanteda__7__withhim.Uh，mycutestbaby!Webackfoundhimatthe__8__．“Excuseme，sir？She'dliketoknowifyou'dtakeaphotowithher，”Iasked，__9__themantobeannoyedatmydaughter'sstrangerequest.__10__，Igotthecompletelyoppositeresponse!Helooked__11__．“Aphoto？Withme？”Sotheyposedtogetherandthenthey__12__eachotherliketheywerelonglostfriends.Thepreciousscene__13__othershoppers，butnoonecared.We__14__Mr.Dan(Iknewhisnamelateron)forhis__15__．Hiseyesfilledwithtearsandhesaid.“No，thankYOU.ItisYOUwhomademe__16__．”nNow，NorahandMr.Danaremorethanjustfriends.Wemake__17__visitstoseehimbecausesheworriesabouthisbeing__18__．Mr.DansaysthathisfriendshipwithNorahhelpedto__19__hisbrokenheartforhiswife'ssuddendeath.Sometimestalkingto__20__turnsintothemostbeautifulthingintheworld.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个温馨的故事：Norah在商店对一个她不认识的老人说“今天是我的生日”，随后还要求与老人一起合影，后来他们竟然成了忘年交，Norah给这个因妻子突然离世而伤心的老人带来了慰藉的欢乐。1．A.communicated　　　B．respondedC．smiledD．escapedC　[考查动词。根据故事情节，Norah非常喜欢这位老人，所以当看到老人走过时，她向他微笑(smiled)并挥手致意。]2．A.noiseB．sorrowC．interruptionD．impolitenessD　[考查名词。Norah对着老人喊“嘿，老头儿”，这在作者看来是对老人的不礼貌(impoliteness)，所以作者尴尬地向老人道歉。]3．A.chattedB．stoodC．waitedD．discussedA　[考查动词。根据下文中的“himinonthedetailsofherbirthday”可知，他们闲聊(chatted)了几分钟。]4．A.droppingB．fillingC．callingD．puttingB　[考查动词。在他们的交谈中，Norah一直在告诉老人有关她的生日的细节。fillsb.in(onsth.)“向某人提供(情况)”为固定用法。]5．A.separateB．narrowC．longD．crowdedA　[考查形容词。根据下文中的“Webackfoundhim”可知，作者他们和老人分路而行。separate“分开的”，goone'sseparateways“分路而行，分道扬镳”为固定用法。]6．A.remindedB．predictedC．decidedD．rememberedC　[考查动词。Norah决定(decided)要与老人一起合影。]7．A.talkB．reunionC．momentD．pictureD　[考查名词。参见上题解析。从下文中的“She'dliketoknowifyou'dtakeaphotowithher”可知选picture。]n8．A.streetB．storeC．restaurantD．communityB　[考查名词。从第一段中的“atthegrocerystore”和下文中的“othershoppers”可知，作者他们在商店(store)找到了老人。]9．A.expectingB．allowingC．requiringD．causingA　[考查动词。作者考虑到之前Norah已经对老人不礼貌了，现在还想与老人合影，于是预料(expecting)老人可能会生气。]10．A.LastlyB．BesidesC．InsteadD．SuddenlyC　[考查副词。作者预料老人可能会生气，而下文谈到作者得到的是完全相反的回应——老人很高兴。由此可知，本空应选Instead“相反”。]11．A.annoyedB．delightedC．disappointedD．preparedB　[考查形容词。参见上题解析。]12．A.greetedB．huggedC．supportedD．encouragedB　[考查动词。空前谈到了他们一起拍照，空后说他们像多年不见的老朋友，所以hugged符合此情此景。]13．A.educatedB．attractedC．delayedD．blockedD　[考查动词。他们在商店里合影，势必会挡住(blocked)其他购物者，但是没有人在意。]14．A.memorizedB．paidC．thankedD．excitedC　[考查动词。作者和女儿因老人愿意抽出时间(time)合影而向他表示感谢(thanked)。]15．A.timeB．permissionC．friendshipD．experienceA　[考查名词。参见上题解析。]【易错分析】　本题容易误选B项。但是从上文中的“Hellolittlelady！Andhowoldareyoutoday”可知，第一次Norah跟老人打招呼时，老人也是很乐意和她交流的，同样，后来Norah希望与老人合影时，他也很高兴。因此不存在老人“允许”与否。16．A.cheerupB．getalongnC．takeoffD．holdonA　[考查动词短语。根据空前的“thankYOU”可知，老人很感谢作者他们，因为是他们让老人高兴起来(cheerup)的。]17．A.specialB．newC．quickD．regularD　[考查形容词。空前谈到老人和Norah成了忘年交，所以作者他们定期(regular)去看望老人，因为Norah担心老人孤独(lonely)。]18．A.tiredB．busyC．lonelyD．illC　[考查形容词。参见上题解析。]19．A.attendB．sewC．openD．touchB　[考查动词。老人说他和Norah的忘年交情帮助抚慰了他因妻子突然离世而受伤的心。此处表示“缝补(sew)一颗破碎的心”，即抚慰一颗受伤的心。]20．A.shoppersB．friendsC．passengersD．strangersD　[考查名词。Norah与不认识的老人发起对话，然后就发生了后来的温馨故事，所以作者在这里感慨：有时与陌生人(strangers)交流会变成世界上最美好的事。]