2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练28ahealthylife（含解析）新人教版

2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练28ahealthylife（含解析）新人教版

课时提能练(二十八)Ⅰ.阅读理解A(2019·长春检测)Iattendedawriter'sgrouptogetfeedback(反馈)onmybook.Butthereweresomanypeopletherethatthediscussionwaslimited.Aftergettinghome，my13yearoldsonaskedmetoreadonechaptertohim.SoIreadthechapteraboutspendingmypocketmoneyasanineyearoldchild.Thestorytookplaceatalunchcounter，whereIdreamedoforderingabananasplit.Colorfulballoonswerehungabovethecounterandasignsaid，“Pop(使爆裂)aballoonandpay1centto63centsforabananasplit！”AsIwasgivenonly50centsforcleaningthedoghouse，Ididn'tdaretoaskmyparentsforanymorepocketmoneywithoutdoingmorework.SoIkeptmywishtomyself.Frankielistenedcarefully，asIreadthefinalsentencesofthechapter，“Iwatchedasothersselectedaballoontopopanddreamedabouttheopportunitytotakemychance.Butitneverhappened.”Thenextmorning，Frankieledmetothekitchen.Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes.Thetablewascoveredinapileofballoons.Frankiehandedme50centsandafork.“Popone！”heurged.Withtearsinmyeyes，Ibrokeone.Apieceofpaperfelloutoftheballoon.“Whatdoesitsay，Mom？”Frankieasked.“Fiftycents，”Iwhispered，toochokedtospeakloudly.Frankieasked，“Well，doyouhave50cents？”Ihandedhimthemoney.“OK！”ThenFrankiepulledoutabananasplitfromtherefrigerator.IhuggedFrankiehard.WetookturnspoppingtheotherballoonsuntilIfinallygotthe1centballoon.Itwasalongtimecoming，butworththewait.Ithitmethatthefirststepinmakinganywishcometrueistogiveitavoice.【语篇解读】　本文主要讲述了作者的儿子帮助作者实现童年愿望的温情故事。1．TheauthorreadthechaptertoFrankiebecause________．A．shewantedtogetfeedbackfromFrankieB．FrankieaskedtheauthortoreadittohimC．shewasusedtotellingabedtimestorytohimD．FrankiehadastrongdesireforknowledgeB　[细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“Aftergettinghome，my13yearoldsonaskedmetoreadonechaptertohim”可知，作者给儿子读书是应儿子的要求，故选B。]2．Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthesecondparagraph?nA．Shespentmoneywiselywhenshewasakid.B．Shehadenoughmoneytodowhateversheliked.C．Sheearnedherpocketmoneybydoinghousework.D．Shehadnoclosefriendstosharehersecretwish.C　[推理判断题。根据第二段第三句“AsIwasgivenonly50centsforcleaningthedoghouse，Ididn'tdaretoaskmyparentsforanymorepocketmoneywithoutdoingmorework”可推知，作者的零花钱都是通过做家务挣来的，故选C。]3．SeeingwhatFrankiedidforher，theauthorfelt________．A．comfortableandhappyB．puzzledandexcitedC．awkwardandsatisfiedD．surprisedandmovedD　[推理判断题。根据第四段第二句“Icouldn'tbelievemyeyes”和第五段中的“Iwhispered，toochokedtospeakloudly”可推知，作者当时既惊讶又感动，故选D。]4．Theauthorlearnedthat________．A．itisimportanttoexpressone'swishesB．itiscomfortingtohaveakidaroundC．experiencesinchildhoodaffectuslaterinlifeD．wishescancometruebyjustvoicingthemA　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“Ithitmethatthefirststepinmakinganywishcometrueistogiveitavoice”可推知，作者最后感悟，让任何愿望成真的第一步是要把愿望说出来，故选A。]B(2018·陕西检测)It'seasytokeepyouragingbrainasquickasitwasincollege.Useawebsitefullofbraingamesordownloadtherightapps，andwithin20minutesyou'llbedoingyourparttosharpenyourmemoryandslowthedeclineofyourmentalfunctions.Atleastthat'swhatthecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue?Concreteproofaboutthebenefitsofbraingamesishardtocomeby，expertssay，whenitcomestomeasurablyimprovingaspectsofmentalfitness，likehavingagoodmemory.“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelievetheycoulddosomethinglikethisandmaketheirbrainbetter，butthere'sjustnosolidevidence，”saysRandallW．Engle，aprimaryinvestigatorattheAttention&WorkingMemoryLabattheGeorgianInstituteofTechnology.That'snottosaybraingamesarewithoutbenefits.Expertssaythesekindsofmentalexercisescanchangeyourbrain.Thebrainchangeswithjustabouteverythingyoudo，includingmentaltrainingexercises.Butnumerousstudieshaveshownthatbraingameslackwhatresearcherscall“transfer”．Inotherwords，repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutyourbrainagingwon'tnecessarilycometoastop.“It'slike，youwalkthroughfreshsnow，andyouleaveatrace.Ifyouwalkthesamerouteagain，thetracegetsdeeperanddeeper，”saysUrsulaStaudinger，directoroftheButlerColumbiaAgingCenteratColumbiaUniversity.Thefactthatstructuralchangesoccurdoesnotimplythatingeneralthisbrainhasbecomemorecapable.Ithasbecomemorecapableofdoingexactlythetasksitwaspracticing.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇科普说明文。据说脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但是研究表明，脑力游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧的掌握，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；其作用还有待证明。5．Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat________．A．braingamesimprovethememoryB．brainagingactuallycanbequittedC．peopledon'tbelievebraingamesD．theauthordoubtstheeffectofbraingamesD　[推理判断题。根据第一段最后两句“Atleastthat'swhatthecompaniesbehindthisboomingindustrywouldhaveyoubelieve.Butisittrue”可知，这个蓬勃发展的行业背后的公司会让人相信脑力游戏可以提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能的衰退，但作者对其真实性表示怀疑，故D项正确。]6．WhatdoesEnglethinkofthefunctionsofbraingames?A．Theyreallymakesomedifference.B．Theireffectsstillneedproving.C．Peopleliketobeledbythenose.D．Peopledon'tbelievetheeffects.B　[细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“Peoplewouldreallylovetobelievetheycoulddosomethinglikethisandmaketheirbrainbetter，butthere'sjustnosolidevidence”可知，人们真的很愿意相信他们能做这样的事情，让他们的大脑变得更好，但是没有确凿的证据；据此可以判断，RandallW．Engle认为这种游戏的功能还有待证明，故B项正确。]n7．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3mostprobablymeans________．A．stoppingthebrainagingB．havingthebrainworkingC．makingthebrainmorepassiveD．speedingupthebrainagingA　[词义猜测题。根据第三段最后一句“Inotherwords，repeatingagameoverandoveragainteachesyouhowtoplaythegameandgetbetteratitbutyourbrainagingwon'tnecessarilycometoastop”可知，多次重复玩一个游戏，会让你更加熟练地操作游戏，但大脑老化并不能停止；结合画线词所在句可知，很多研究都表明脑力游戏不能使大脑停止老化，故A项正确。]8．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．GamesStopBrainAgingB．UnavoidableBrainAgingC．Games'RolesNeedProvingD．GamesImproveYourBrainC　[标题判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了能提高记忆力和延缓大脑功能衰退的脑力游戏，但是研究表明，这些游戏仅能提高玩家对游戏技巧掌握的能力，并不能真正阻止大脑的老化；游戏的作用还有待证明。据此可知，C项最适合作为本文的标题。]Ⅱ.完形填空(2019·昆明质量检测)AfewyearsagoIchosea“wordoftheyear”topractise.AsIbeganin2014，Ilookedforwardtohowtheword“__1__”wouldshapethecomingyear.Iplannedtogiveagifteachdayforthe__2__year.Somegiftswouldtaketimetoprepare，butsomeoftheothergiftscameaboutmore__3__，suchashelpingsomeonecrossthestreet.Buteitherway，Ialwaystriedtoseeka(n)__4__toserve.Somegiftsin2014__5__readingtomynextdoor'skids.I__6__readingasmygiftoftheday.Mymindisstillcrowdedwithprecious__7__now.TwiceI__8__afewcoinsonthesidewalkforakidtofind.Itmayhavecostafew__9__，butIconsidereditachanceto__10__anotherperson'sday.Alongtheway，Ialsomademyowndaypleasant.Oneofmymost__11__giftsthroughoutthewholeyearwaslettingother__12__goaheadofmeinlineatstores.Forthesixthtime,__13__standinginlineatastoreoneday，mysontoldmesomebody__14__ushadonlytwothingsto__15__．Iwavedtothepersontotakeourplaceinline.Thefew__16__minutesnofwaittimepassedwithmyhardlyrealizingit.Theywereminutespassing__17__．Althoughthisactof__18__didn'tdeservesomethingsurprising，itremainsoneofmy__19__giftsof2014—andallbecauseIsawhowmy__20__togivehadbecomepartofmychildren'slivesaswell.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者在2014年选择“礼物”一词作为年度词汇来塑造未来一年，并抒发了乐于助人，手留余香的感受。1．A.luck　　　　　　B．giftC．healthD．moneyB　[根据下文反复出现的“gift”可判断出答案为B。luck“幸运，运气”；health“健康”；money“钱”。]2．A.entireB．sameC．previousD．finalA　[根据第11空后的“throughoutthewholeyear”可知，此处指整个(entire)一年。same“相同的”；previous“以前的”；final“最终的”。]3．A.formallyB．regularlyC．graduallyD．naturallyD　[根据空后的“suchashelpingsomeonecrossthestreet”的举例可知，其他的一些礼物是自然而然(naturally)给予的。formally“正式地”；regularly“定期地，有规律地”；gradually“渐渐地”。]4．A.jobB．routineC．opportunityD．excuseC　[但是无论哪种方式，作者总是试图抓住机会(opportunity)去服务他人。job“工作”；routine“常规”；excuse“借口，理由”。]5．A.involvedB．suggestedC．requiredD．keptA　[2014年的一些礼物包括(involved)给邻居家孩子读书。suggest“建议”；require“需要，要求”；keep“保持，继续”。]6．A.turneddownB．lookedonC．tookinD．putawayB　[作者把给邻居家孩子读书看作(lookedon)当天的礼物。turndown“关小，减少”；takein“吸收，欺骗”；putaway“把……收起来”。]7．A.eventsB．changesC．motivationsD．memoriesD　[作者脑海里现在仍充满了以前珍贵的记忆(memories)。event“事件，n大事”；change“变化，改变”；motivation“动机，积极性”。]8．A.abandonedB．madeC．leftD．forgotC　[根据上下文可知，作者再次把一些硬币留(left)在人行道上让小孩发现。abandon“放弃”；make“制造，使”；forget“忘记”。]9．A.centsB．checksC．booksD．goodsA　[作者可能只花了几分钱(cents)。check“支票”；book“书籍”；goods“货物”。]10．A.shortenB．brightenC．startD．appreciateB　[根据空后一句中的“mademyowndaypleasant”可知此处表示照亮(brighten)他人的一天。shorten“缩短，变短”；start“开始，创办”；appreciate“感激，欣赏”。]11．A.expensiveB．availableC．expectedD．repeatedD　[根据空处所在句中的“Oneofmymost________gifts”以及下文中的“Forthesixthtime”可以看出作者多次(repeated)送出这样的礼物。expensive“昂贵的”；available“可获得的，有空的”；expected“预料的”。]12．A.friendsB．relativesC．customersD．managersC　[根据空后的atstores可知，作者一整年多次送出的礼物之一是在商店让其他顾客(customers)在作者前面排队。]13．A.whileB．onceC．sinceD．thoughA　[while表示“当……时”，符合语境。once“一旦”；since“既然”；though“虽然”。]14．A.beyondB．behindC．aheadofD．nexttoB　[根据下文中的“Iwavedtothepersontotakeourplaceinline”可知，theperson就是空处所在句中的somebody，由此可知那个人应该是在作者和他儿子的后面(behind)排队。beyond“超过”；aheadof“在……的前面”；nextto“紧邻，几乎”。所以选项B正确。]15．A.donateB．serveC．purchaseD．shareCn　[排在作者和他儿子后面的那个人只购买(purchase)了两个东西。donate“捐献”；serve“服务，伺候”；share“分享”。]16．A.necessaryB．endlessC．urgentD．extraD　[额外的(extra)几分钟等待时间在不知不觉中就过去了，时间过得真快(rapidly)。necessary“必要的”；endless“无休止的，无穷无尽的”；urgent“紧急的，紧迫的”。]17．A.rapidlyB．slowlyC．casuallyD．painfullyA　[参见上题解析。slowly“慢慢地”；casually“不经意地”；painfully“痛苦地”。]18．A.unitingB．progressingC．receivingD．givingD　[根据第四、五段的内容可知，此处表示这种给予的行为。所以选项D正确。]19．A.extremeB．favoriteC．strangestD．richestB　[根据语境可知，这是作者2014年最喜欢的(favorite)礼物之一。extreme“极端的，极度的”。]20．A.abilityB．arrangementC．choiceD．hesitationC　[根据第一段可知，几年前，作者选择用一年的时间践行一个词，2014年作者选择的是“gift”，因此此处指作者的选择(choice)。ability“能力”；arrangement“安排”；hesitation“犹豫”。]