2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（四十三）（含解析）外研版选修8

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（四十三）（含解析）外研版选修8

高考提能练(四十三)Module1　DeepSouthⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·重庆调研]Youhavejustwonfivemillionyuaninalottery(彩票)—howwouldyouspendit?Beforeyouknowit,tenminuteshasgoneondaydreaming.Thereisatimeandaplacefordaydreaming,butwedon'thavemuchcontroloverthat.Isn'titworryingthatanestimated30to50percentofourwakingtimeisspentdaydreaming?Whatifyourdentistishavingthatlotterydaydreamwhileremovingyourrottentooth?Somestudiessuggestdaydreamingmakesusunhappybecausewearenotfocusingonwhatisaroundusbutareinsteadthinkingaboutthepastorfuture.However,arecentstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologicafindsthatmindwanderingcanbeofbenefittous.Theresearchersmeasuredthebrainpatternsofmorethan100peopleusinganMRI(核磁共振成像)scanner.Thisdatawascomparedwithtestsoncreativeabilityandaquestionnaireonhowmuchtheirmindsusuallywandered.ThosewhosemindswanderedthemostscoredhigherincreativeabilitytestsandhadmoreefficientbrainsystemsmeasuredintheMRImachine.Beingefficientatmindwanderingmeansyoucanzone_outandthennaturallytunebackinwithoutmissinganyimportantpointorstep.ChristineGodwin,theleadauthorofthelateststudyfromtheGeorgiaInstituteofTechnology,saysthatifyouarefocusingondifficulttasks,yourperformancewilldropifyourmindwanders.Butwhentasksareeasy,peoplewhohavehighcognitiveabilitycanlettheirmindswanderbecauseitdoesnotaffecttheirperformance.Youmaybethinkingaboutupcominggoalsorproblemsolving.Thesearesomeofthepositivesidestomindwandering.Mindwanderingcanvarybetweenbeingmorepracticalormoreemotional.Whatmindwanderingseemstobebestat,researcherssay,iscomingupwithnewsolutionstooldproblems.So,it'snotalwaysawasteoftime!体裁：说明文　题材：科学研究　主题：思维漫游对人有好处【语篇解读】　研究表明思维漫游对人的创造力发展有好处。【难句分析】　ThosewhosemindswanderedthemostscoredhigherincreativeabilitytestsandhadmoreefficientbrainsystemsmeasuredintheMRImachine.分析：这是一个复合句。whose引导定语从句，修饰Those；and连接两个并列的动作scored和had；measuredintheMRImachine为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰systems。译文：那些思维漫游最多的人在创造力测试中得分更高，并且在核磁共振成像机测量中拥有更加高效的大脑系统。1．Thefirstparagraphservesasa(n)________.A．explanation　B．introductionC．commentD．background答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。通读第一段可知，本段引出了“做白日梦”这个话题，故选B项。2．ThestudypublishedinNeuropsychologicashowsthat________.A．daydreamingmakesusunhappyB．wearefocusingonthepastorfutureC．mindwanderingisrelatedtocreativeabilityD．theMRIscannerishelpfulinmeasuringthebrainpatterns答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“However,arecentstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologicafindsthatmindwanderingcanbeofbenefittous...Thosewhosemindswanderedthemostscoredhigherincreativeabilitytests”n可知，《神经心理学》杂志上发表的一项研究发现，思维漫游对人们有好处，那些思维漫游最多的人在创造力测试中得分更高，故C项“思维漫游和创造力有关”符合文意。3．WhatdoestheunderlinedphraseinParagraph3mean?A．Getdistracted.B．Focuson.C．Beaffected.D．Havecontrol.答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。画线短语后的“andthennaturallytunebackinwithoutmissinganyimportantpointorstep”意为“然后自然地调整回来，而不遗漏任何重要的观点或步骤”，故画线词zoneout意为“getdistracted”“走神”，故选A项。4．Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A．Mindwanderingmightbedangerous.B．Daydreamingmightbringbenefits.C．Mindwanderingisnotawasteoftime.D．Daydreamingishardtobecontrolled.答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的“However,arecentstudypublishedinthejournalNeuropsychologicafindsthatmindwanderingcanbeofbenefittous”可知，思维漫游对人们有好处，故选B项。B[2019·陕西检测]Manypeoplehavedifficultyingettingupinthemorning.Thismightbecalledlaziness,butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle.Duringthehourswhenyouwork,youmaysaythatyou're“hot”.That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak(顶峰).Forsomepeoplethepeakcomesduringthemorning.Forothersitcomesintheafternoonorevening.Noonehasdiscoveredwhythisisso,butitleadstosuchfamiliarwordsas：“Getup,John!You'llbelateforworkagain！”ThepossibleexplanationforthetroubleisthatJohnisathistemperatureandenergypeakintheevening.Muchfamilyquarrellingendswhenhusbandsandwivesrealizewhattheseenergycyclesmean,andwhichcycleeachmemberofthefamilyhas.Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle,butyoucanlearntomakeyourlifefititbetter.Habitcanhelp,Dr.Kleitmanbelieves.Maybeyou'resleepyintheeveningbutfeelyoumuststayuplateanyway.Ifso,stayinguplaterthanyouwanttomaycounteractyourcycleinsomeway.Ifourenergyislowinthemorningbutyouhaveanimportantjobtodoearlyintheday,risebeforeyourusualhour.Thiswon'tchangeyourcycle,butyou'llgetupsteamandworkbetteratyourlowpoint.Getofftoaslowstartwhichsavesyourenergy.Getupwithacomfortableyawnandstretch.Sitontheedgeofthebedforaminutebeforeputtingyourfeetonthefloor.Avoidthetroublesomesearchforcleanclothesbylayingthemoutthenightbefore.体裁：说明文　题材：工作与生活　主题：趁精力最充沛时工作【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了人体的能量循环，告诉人们最好在精力最充沛时工作。【难句分析】　Duringthehourswhenyouwork,youmaysaythatyou're“hot”．That'strue.Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak(顶峰)．分析：本句中第一个when引导定语从句，第二个when也引导定语从句，修饰先行词Thetimeofday，第三个when引导表语从句；that引导宾语从句。译文：当你工作的时候，你可能会说你很“热”，那是真的。一天中你感到精力最充沛的时候是当你的体温周期达到顶峰时。5．Dr.Kleitmanexplainsthatapersonisdifficulttogetupinthemorningprobablybecauseof________.A．hisownlazinessB．hisownenergycycleC．hisownhabitnD．hisbadrestatnight答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句中的“butDr.Kleitmanhasanewexplanation.Hehasprovedthateveryonehasadailyenergycycle”可知，Dr.Kleitman认为一个人早上很难起床，可能是因为他有自己的能量循环。6．Accordingtothepassage,people'senergypeakmaycome________.A．inthemorningB．intheeveningC．intheafternoonD．atdifferenthours答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Forsomepeoplethepeak...intheafternoonorevening”可推知，人们的能量顶峰可能会在不同的时间出现。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“it”inthethirdparagraphreferto?A．Life.B．Goodhabit.C．Energycycle.D．Change.答案与解析：C　考查代词指代。根据上文中的“Youcan'tchangeyourenergycycle”的描述可知，此处代词it指代前面提到的能量循环。8．Ifthefindingistrue,it'sbestto________.A．doyourworkattheenergypeakB．managetocontrolyourtemperC．workatthebottomofenergycycleD．managetokeepyoucleanallday答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Duringthehourswhenyou...Thetimeofdaywhenyoufeelmostenergeticiswhenyourcycleofbodytemperatureisatitspeak(顶峰)”的描述可推知，如果这个发现是真的，那么最好在能量顶峰时期工作。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·郑州高三摸底]Teenagersareespeciallylikelytosufferloneliness.Herearesomesuggestionsforspeedingarecoveryfromloneliness.Reachouttoothers,butstartsmall.Asmileandafriendlygreetingforthestudentbehindyouinlineatthecafeteriawon'tmakeyoubestfriends.__1__Italsocanmakeiteasiertointeractthenexttime.Findasafeplacetomakeconnections.Ifgoingtotheschooldancemakesyoufeellikeyoujustdon'tbelong,tryjoiningaspecialinterestgroup.Maybeit'sthedramacluborthemarchingband.__2__Findotherwaysofmakingconnections.Lonelypeoplehungerforacceptanceandfriendship.Sometimesfeelingacceptedandlikedcomesmoreeasilywhenyoudosomethingforothers.__3__Teachachildreading.Takenotesforadisabledclassmate.Youmightbesurprisedattheconnectionsyoumakeafterreachingouttoothersintheseways.__4__Lonelinessisanabsenceofqualityfriendships,notofaparticularquantityoffriends.That'swhyit'simportanttoknowhowtoselectafriend.Thebestfriendshipsarethosebasedonsimilarvaluesandattitudes.Yougetwhatyouexpect,soexpectthebest.Ifyouexpectotherstobefriendly,youwillbehaveinsimilarways.__5__Itgoesawayasteenslearnhowtofindtheirwaythroughtheirsocialworldandconnectwithothers.A．Butitwillmakeyoubothfeelprettygood.B．Soconsiderbecomingavolunteer.C．Someteensaren'tsoadaptable,however.D．Encouragepeopletobefriendliertoyou.E．Choosetherightpeople.F．Formostyoungpeople,lonelinessisonlytemporary.G．Lookforagroupthatallowsyoutoeasegradually.体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：应对孤独n【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了应对孤独的一些建议。1．答案与解析：A　根据语境可知，空前一句和空后的“Italsocanmakeiteasiertointeractthenexttime”存在逻辑上的转折关系，所以A项“但是它将使你们都感觉很愉快”符合语境。2．答案与解析：G　根据上文“Findasafeplacetomakeconnections.Ifgoingtotheschooldancemakesyoufeellikeyoujustdon'tbelong,tryjoiningaspecialinterestgroup”可推知，作者建议找一个让自己觉得舒服的团体，所以选G项。3．答案与解析：B　根据上文“Sometimesfeelingacceptedandlikedcomesmoreeasilywhenyoudosomethingforothers”可知，帮助他人会让孤独者更易被接纳和喜欢。B项“因此考虑做一名志愿者”衔接下文“Teachachildreading.Takenotesforadisabledclassmate”。4．答案与解析：E　根据下文“Lonelinessisanabsenceofqualityfriendships,notofaparticularquantityoffriends.That'swhyit'simportanttoknowhowtoselectafriend”可推知，选对朋友对孤独者尤其重要，他们缺的不是多大数量的朋友，而是高质量的友谊，所以选E项。5．答案与解析：F　由空后的“Itgoesawayasteenslearnhowtofindtheirwaythroughtheirsocialworldandconnectwithothers”可推知，青少年的孤独是暂时的，随着他们学会如何通过社会阅历找到自己的道路和与他人建立关系，孤独就会不复存在，所以选F项。Ⅲ.短文改错[2015·全国卷Ⅱ]Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhisparent.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyonashopwindow.Helikeditsoverymuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afterlooksatthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfoundwherehisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandbeguntocry.Awomansawhimcryingandtellinghimtowaitoutsideashop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereterribleworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.答案：Oneday,littleTonywenttoashoppingcenterwithhis.Itwasverycrowded.Tonysawatoyashopwindow.Helikeditsomuchthathequicklywalkedintotheshop.Afteratthetoyforsometime,heturnedaroundandfound/hisparentsweremissing.Tonywasscaredandtocry.Awomansawhimcryingandhimtowaitoutsideshop.Fiveminuteslater,Tonysawparents.Momsaid,“Hownicetoseeyouagain!DadandIwereworried.”Tonypromisedherthatthiswouldneverhappenagain.①parent改为parents。由下文的“hisparentsweremissing”可知托尼是和爸爸妈妈一起去的，所以应该用复数形式parents。②on改为in。表示在商店橱窗里，用介词in。③删除very。句中使用了so...that...结构，very多余，故将其删除。④looks改为looking。介词after后接动词时要用其动名词作宾语，故将looks改为looking。⑤where改为that或删除where。found后是一个宾语从句，从句的意思和成分完整，应该用只起连接作用的that引导，也可以省略引导词，故将where改为that或删除where。n⑥begun改为began。本文描述的是过去的经历，and连接的两个并列谓语的时态应当一致，故此处应用一般过去时，将begun改为began。⑦telling改为told。由and可知，此处和谓语动词saw并列，故用动词的过去式told。⑧a改为the。此处特指前文提到的shop，应用定冠词the。⑨在saw后加his。此处特指托尼的父母，所以用形容词性物主代词his修饰parents。⑩terrible改为terribly。修饰形容词worried要用副词形式，故将terrible改为terribly“非常；极”。