2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十）（含解析）外研版必修4

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十）（含解析）外研版必修4

高考提能练(二十)Module2　TrafficJamⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·石家庄模拟]Asateenager,Iterrorizedmymother.WeoftenquarreledaboutwhetherornotIwouldemptythedishwasher,takeoutthetrash,orclearthedinnerplates.MybrothersreferredtotheseinfamousscreamingmatchesasWorldWarⅢeverytimeabattlebegan.Thefightslastedaslongasmymothercouldputupwithmysharptongueandsnideremarks,afterwhichIwassenttomyroomwithoutdinner.Nowwedon'targueanymore.It'snotbecauseI'vematured,gottenmarried,andleftmyparents'house,butbecausemymothercannotutter(发出)enoughwordstoformsentences.Herbrainisamesslikearoomfullofpeoplespeakingdifferentlanguageswithnointerpreterthatcannotcommunicate.Atfiftyfour,shewasdiagnosedwithearlyonsetAlzheimer'sdiseaseandnow,fouryearslater,sheiscompletelydependentonmyfamilyandmetofunction.Wefeedher,dressher,batheher,driveheraround,andpraythatthediseaseprogressesslowly.Alzheimer'shaschangedboththerelationshipweshareasamotheranddaughterandthefundamentalbeliefsthatguidemylife.InowbelievethatIamfortunatetohavetheopportunitytogivebacktomymotherwiththesameloveanddevotionshealwayssharedwithme.Ivisitherasoftenasmyschedulepermits.SometimesIsharestorieswithher,reducinganydetailstobasictermsthatshecanunderstand.Sometimeswesitinsilenceandcommenteverynowandthenabouthowgoodthecoffeeis.“Makesyoufeelgood，”shetellsme,talkingaboutthecoffee,andIwanttosaythesamethingaboutthetimespentwithher.Iamsogratefulforthesemoments,fortheexperiencesweshare,andforthechancetomakeupforthewayItreatedheryearsearlier.Thefunnythingisthatshemayneverrememberthosearguments.体裁：记叙文　题材：日常生活　主题：照顾生病母亲【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了母亲在得了阿尔茨海默病后，作者对母亲的细心、体贴的照顾的故事。【难句分析】　Thefightslastedaslongasmymothercouldputupwithmysharptongueandsnideremarks,afterwhichIwassenttomyroomwithoutdinner.分析：本句是一个复合句。aslongas此处表示“和……一样(时间)长”，后一个as引导比较状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中和after一起作状语。译文：斗争一直持续到母亲能够容忍我的尖牙利齿和挖苦的言辞，之后我就被关在自己的屋里不准吃饭了。1．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“matches”probablyreferto?A．Games.B．Remarks.C．Arguments.D．Moments.答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据最后一段最后一句“Thefunnythingisthatshemayneverrememberthosearguments”可推知，此处的matches是指作者和母亲当时的那些争论，与第二段第一句“Nowwedon'targueanymore”呼应，故选C。2．Whatchangedtherelationshipbetweentheauthorandhermother?A．Herbasicbeliefs.B．Hermother'sdisease.C．Herbeingmature.D．Hermother'sdevotion.n答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“It'snotbecauseI'vematured，gottenmarried，andleftmyparents'house,butbecausemymothercannotutter(发出)enoughwordstoformsentences”可知，作者之所以不再和母亲起冲突是因为母亲患病了，语言沟通上出了问题，根据第四段第一句也可知答案，故选B。3．Howdoestheauthorfeelwhentellingthestory?A．Sad.B．Funny.C．Anxious.D．Thankful.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“Inowbelievethat...shealwayssharedwithme”及最后一段倒数第二句“Iamsogratefulforthesemoments，fortheexperiencesweshare，andforthechancetomakeupforthewayItreatedheryearsearlier”可知，作者在讲述这个故事时，对有机会报答母亲对自己的爱心存感激，故选D。B[2019·广东七校高三第一次联考]OnJanuary13,2016,Francebecamethefirstcountryintheworldtopassalawrequiringsupermarketstodonatefoodthatisapproachingitsexpirationdate(保质期)insteadofthrowingitaway.Theregulationthatappliestosupermarketsover4,000squarefeetrequiresstorestosignofficialdonationagreementswithlocalfoodbanks.Thelawalsomakesitillegalforstorestopourwaterovernearlyexpiredfood,orstoreitinsidelockedwarehousesuntilitispickedupbythegarbagetrucks.Thesemeasuresareoftenundertakenbysupermarketstopreventthehungryfromsearchingforfoodthroughthedustbins.Thoughthatmayappearcruel,thestoresclaimtheydoittoavoidpotentialfoodpoisoningthatcouldoccuriftheproductisonitswaypastitsexpiry.Thosewhodonotobeythenewlawfacetheriskofheavyfines.Also,excessgoodslikeyogurtormilkthatarelikelytogobadquicklyarenowallowedtobedonateddirectlytothefoodbanks.Thoughthishasalwaysbeenpossible,thecurrentprocessislongandcomplex,makingitdifficultforproducerstogiveawaythefoodinatimelymanner.France'sfoodbanksareofcoursethrilledaboutthepossibilityofreceivingextrafood.JacquesBailet,whoheadsanetworkofFrenchfoodbankscalledtheBanquesAlimentaires,saysthatofthe110,000tonsofgoodsreceivedannually,only36,000tonscomefromsupermarkets.Bailetestimates(估计)thatjusta15%increaseinsupermarketdonationswouldtranslatetoover10millionadditionalmealstofeedthehungryeachyear.Thoughthisisagreatfirststep,ArashDermabarsh,theactivistresponsibleforthegrassrootsmovementthatledtotheban,isnotdone.HenowwantstoextendthelawtootherplaceslikerestaurantsandalsotrytoconvinceothercountriesintheEuropeanUniontopasssimilarregulations.Thesestepsarenecessarybecauseoftheover9milliontonsoffoodwastedinFrance,anastonishing67%isthrownawaybyconsumers,withsupermarketsandrestaurantsmakinguptherest.体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：拒绝食物浪费【解题导语】　法国成为世界上第一个通过法律规定要求超市捐赠接近保质期食物给粮食银行而不是扔掉食物的国家。该规定有效防止了食物浪费。【难句分析】　Thelawalsomakesitillegalforstorestopourwaterovernearlyexpiredfood,orstoreitinsidelockedwarehousesuntilitispickedupbythegarbagetrucks.分析：该句为主从复合句。句中第一个it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式“topourwater...thegarbagetrucks”；其中“untilitispickedupbythegarbagetrucks”为until引导的时间状语从句。译文：该法律还规定，商店在即将过期的食品上倒水或将其储存在锁着的仓库里，直到垃圾车将其取走是违法的。n4．Whatshouldstoresdowithnearlyexpiredfood?A．Throwitaway.B．Sendittothehungry.C．Storeitinrefrigerators.D．Giveitawaytofoodbanks.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Francebecamethefirstcountryintheworldtopassalawrequiringsupermarketstodonatefoodthatisapproachingitsexpirationdate(保质期)insteadofthrowingitaway.Theregulationthatappliestosupermarketsover4,000squarefeetrequiresstorestosignofficialdonationagreementswithlocalfoodbanks”可知，法国通过的这项法律要求商店必须将即将过期的食品捐献给粮食银行，而不是扔掉，故D项正确。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“excess”inParagraph4probablymean?A．Extra.B．Cheap.C．Seasonal.D．Returned.答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句“Also，excessgoodslikeyogurtormilkthatarelikelytogobadquicklyarenowallowedtobedonateddirectlytothefoodbanks”可知，酸奶或牛奶等可能很快就会变质的过多产品现在可以直接捐赠给粮食银行，符合语境；据此可以判断，画线词意为“额外的，超额的”，故A项“额外的，附加的”正确。B项意为“便宜的”，C项意为“季节性的”，D项意为“退还的”，都与语境不符。6．WhatmightBailetagreewithabouttheFrenchfoodbanks?A．Theyhavealotofexpiredfood.B．Theywillgetmuchbenefitfromthelaw.C．Theirfoodisenoughforthepeopleinneed.D．Theirfoodmainlycomesfromsupermarkets.答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第五段第一句“France'sfoodbanksareofcoursethrilledaboutthepossibilityofreceivingextrafood”和最后一句可知，Bailet认为，法国的粮食银行将从这项法律中受益良多，故B项正确。7．WhatdoesDermabarshplantodo?A．BuildmorefoodbanksinFrance.B．Makethelawtakeeffectinmoreplaces.C．Launchacampaigntopromotethislaw.D．Raiseconsumers'awarenessofwastereduction.答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据尾段第二句“HenowwantstoextendthelawtootherplaceslikerestaurantsandalsotrytoconvinceothercountriesintheEuropeanUniontopasssimilarregulations”可知，ArashDermabarsh计划将这项法律推行到其他场所和国家，故B项正确。Ⅱ.完形填空[2019·陕西检测二]SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan.Hewas__1__togettoknowanAmerican.YaserhopedthatheandStevewould__2__goodfriends.Atfirst,Steveseemedveryfriendly.HealwaysgreetedYaser__3__beforeclass.SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser.Heeven__4__Yasertohavelunchwithhim.Butafterthefirsttermwasover,Steveseemed__5__.OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery__6__intalkingtohim.YaserwashurtbySteve'schangeofattitude.Yaserisalittle__7__.HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview__8__.Americansviewtheword“friend”inavery__9__way.Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends.Thesefriendshipsare__10__oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends,thefriendshipmay__11__.NowSteveandYaserarenolongerclassmates,theirfriendshiphas__12__.nInsomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)__13__lifelongbondbetweentwopeople.Inthese__14__friendshipsdevelopslowly,sincetheyarebuilttolast.ButAmerican__15__isnotalwaysanofferoftruefriendship.American__16__isoneofthosethatchangerapidly.StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican__17__moveseveryyear.PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly.Americansoftenchateasilywith__18__.Theyexchangeinformationabouttheirfamilies,__19__andwork.Theymaysmilewarmlyandsay,“Haveaniceday.”However,Americanfriendships__20__quickly,andtheymaychangejustasquickly.So,it'snecessarytodoinRomeastheRomansdo.体裁：夹叙夹议　题材：文化风俗　主题：美国人对待友谊的观点【语篇解读】　本文通过叙述Steve和Yaser之间的经历，讲述了美国人对待友谊的观点，所以我们应该入乡随俗。【核心词汇】　warmlyadv.热情地；温暖地　distantadj.遥远的；冷淡的　fadevi.褪色；逐渐消失1．A.puzzled　　B．shockedC．excitedD．worried答案与解析：C　根据上文“SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclass.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan”的提示可知，他很兴奋(excited)能认识一个美国人。2．A.continueB．becomeC．advocateD．submit答案与解析：B　根据上文“Hewas__1__togettoknowanAmerican”的描述可知，Yaser希望他和Steve能成为(become)好朋友。3．A.anxiouslyB．nervouslyC．stronglyD．warmly答案与解析：D　根据上文“Atfirst，Steveseemedveryfriendly”的描述可知，课前他总是热情地(warmly)问候Yaser。4．A.invitedB．approvedC．forbadeD．rejected答案与解析：A　根据上文“SometimesheofferedtostudywithYaser”的提示可知，此处与上文语义上形成递进关系，所以此处为他甚至邀请(invited)Yaser和他一起吃午饭。5．A.optimisticB．familiarC．distantD．accessible答案与解析：C　根据下文“OnedayYaserdecidedtocallSteve.Stevedidn'tseemvery__6__intalkingtohim”的提示可知，两人之间的关系发生了变化，所以此处为第一学期结束后，Steve显得很冷淡(distant)。6．A.encouragedB．interestedC．embarrassedD．inspired答案与解析：B　根据上文“Butafterthefirsttermwasover，Steveseemed__5__”的提示可知他决定打电话给Steve，但Steve看起来对与他讲话不感兴趣(interested)。7．A.satisfiedB．fascinatedC．delightedD．confused答案与解析：D　根据下文“HeisanoutsidertoAmericanculture.Hedoesn'tunderstandthewayAmericansview__8__”的描述可知，此处为对此他有点困惑(confused)。8．A.friendshipB．ownershipC．scholarshipD．citizenship答案与解析：A　根据下文“Americansviewtheword‘friend’inavery__9__way”的提示可知，此处为他不理解美国人看待友谊(friendship)的方式。n9．A.regularB．usualC．generalD．similar答案与解析：C　根据下文“Americanshaveschoolfriends,workfriends,sportsfriendsandneighborhoodfriends”的描述可知，美国人对待不同的人有着不同的友谊观，所以此处为美国人以非常普遍的(general)方式看待“朋友”这个词。10．A.takenB．basedC．grownD．made答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，这些友谊是依据(based)他们共同的兴趣(而建立起来的)。bebasedon...意为“以……为依据”。11．A.failB．fallC．delayD．fade答案与解析：D　根据上文“Thesefriendshipsare__10__oncommoninterests.Whenthesharedactivityends”的提示可知，此处为他们的友谊可能会逐渐消失(fade)。12．A.changedB．managedC．arrangedD．ranged答案与解析：A　根据上文“Whenthesharedactivityends，thefriendshipmay__11__”的描述可知，此处为现在他们不再是同学了，他们的友谊也变了(changed)。13．A.recentB．instantC．strongD．final答案与解析：C　根据下文“American__16__isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知，美国人对待友谊的观点不同于其他文化，所以此处为在一些文化中，友谊意味着两个人之间牢固的(strong)终生的纽带。14．A.creaturesB．culturesC．lecturesD．pictures答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“Insomeculturesfriendshipmeansa(n)．..twopeople”可知，此处为原词复现，所以此处为在这些文化(cultures)中，友谊发展得很缓慢。15．AgoodnessB．happinessC．brightnessD．friendliness答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，但是美国人的友好(friendliness)并不总是真正的友谊。16．A.societyB．activityC．authorityD．quantity答案与解析：A　根据下文“StudiesshowthatoneoutoffiveAmerican__17__moveseveryyear”的提示可知，这是一个社会问题，所以此处为美国社会(society)是一个快速变化的社会。17．A.apartmentsB．housesC．familiesD．departments答案与解析：C　根据上文“American__16__isoneofthosethatchangerapidly”的提示可知，此处为研究表明，每年有五分之一的美国家庭(families)搬家。18．A.participantsB．strangersC．colleaguesD．members答案与解析：B　根据上文“PeoplefromtheUnitedStatesmayatfirstseemfriendly”的提示可知，此处为美国人常常很容易与陌生人(strangers)聊天。19．A.offenceB．forestsC．prejudiceD．hobbies答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“Americansoftenchateasilywith__18__”可知，此处为美国人会与这些陌生人交流他们的家庭、爱好(hobbies)及工作信息。20．A.developB．flowC．disappearD．revolve答案与解析：A　根据上文“Americansoftenchat...andwork”以及下文“andtheymaychangejustasquickly”的提示可知，美国人的友谊发展得很快，变化得也很快。nⅢ.语法填空[2019·昆明高三摸底调研]TheSilkRoadwasapassageforthetransportationofsilkinancienttimes.Lotsofrelicsontheroadcanstill__1__(see)now.Fromtherelics,touristscanseetheoutlineoftheancientmetropolitan(大都会的)areasalong__2__fantasticroad.Inthetourpackages,touristscanimagine__3__(they)tobeancientmerchantsbyridingcamelsindeserts.TheSilkRoadisalongroute,__4__Xi'anintheeasttoGansuandXinjianginthewest.IfitisyourfirsttriptoChina,we__5__(sincere)suggestyoushouldspendatleasttendaysvisitingBeijing,Xi'an,Dunhuang,UrumqiandKashi.YoucouldgettoknowaboutthehistoryofChinaandexperience__6__(color)sceneryalongtheSilkRoad.Ifyouarean__7__(experience)travelerwantingtoexploreChinafully,itisrecommended__8__youshouldtraveltoDunhuang,Zhangye,Jiayuguan,Turpan,KashiandUrumqitofollowthefootprintofMarcoPolo.Thisroutemaytakeabout15days.Ifyouhaveonlyaoneweekholiday,the__9__(choose)ofthreemostfamouscitieswillbefitforyou.AlongtheSilkRoadroute,Xi'anandGansuaresuitabletovisitallyearround.Thebesttime__10__(visit)XinjiangisfromMaytoOctoberbecausetheweatherismild.体裁：说明文　题材：历史文化　主题：丝绸之路【语篇解读】　本文作者介绍了中国的“丝绸之路”，为新老游客提出了游览建议。1．答案与解析：beseen　考查被动语态。句子的主语是Lotsofrelics，与谓语动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；前面有情态动词can，所以填beseen。2．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。上文已经提到了丝绸之路，此处再次提到，表示特指，要用定冠词，所以填the。3．答案与解析：themselves　考查反身代词。本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，所以要用反身代词。4．答案与解析：from　考查介词。此处表达的是“从东部的西安到西部的甘肃和新疆”，表达“从……到……”要用介词短语from...to...。5．答案与解析：sincerely　考查副词。修饰动词suggest要用副词，所以填sincerely。6．答案与解析：colorful　考查形容词。修饰名词scenery，要用形容词来作定语，所以填colorful。7．答案与解析：experienced　考查形容词。根据空后的traveler可知，空处应用形容词，表示“有经验的”，故填experienced。8．答案与解析：that　考查主语从句。本句为“Itisrecommended＋that从句”结构，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。9．答案与解析：choice　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词，所以空处要用choice。10．答案与解析：tovisit　考查非谓语动词。thebesttimetodosth.的意思是“做某事的最好的时间”，其中的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的thebesttime，所以填tovisit。