2020版高考英语复习unit1lifestyles知能演练轻松闯关（含2019届新题，含解析）北师大版

2020版高考英语复习unit1lifestyles知能演练轻松闯关（含2019届新题，含解析）北师大版

Unit1Lifestyles课时练1　阅读理解提速练[学生用书P233(单独成册)]阅读理解A(2019·辽宁五校协作体高三联合模拟)Kettle’sYard,CambridgeThismodernartgalleryinaVictorianhousewasfoundedinthe1950sbyJimEdeandreopenedinFebruary,followingatwo－yearredevelopmentbyJamieFobertArchitects.Thismeansanewcafe,afour－flooreducationwingandimprovedgalleryspacethatcanaccommodatemorevisitors.Thegallery’spermanentcollectionincludesworksofJoanMiró，HenryMooreandBarbaraHepworth.BeingBrunel,BristolTocelebratethelifeandworkoffamouscivilengineerIsambardKingdomBrunel,BeingBrunelopenedinMarchonBristol’sharbourside.Themuseumincludedarangeofinteractiveandentertainingexhibits,includingtalkingportraitsofhisfriendsandfamilyandpersonalpossessions,includingan1821schoolreport.Itisagoodplaceforfamiliestostrengthenconnections.RoyalAcademyofArts,LondonTheRAreopenedon19Mayforits250thanniversary,followingarenovation(翻新)withagalleryandexpandedexhibitionprogramme.Thesewillincludethreegalleries,whichwillhostexhibitions,withafocusoncontemporaryartandarchitecture.Thegrandfacade(正面)oftheBurlingtonGardensbuildinghasalsobeenrestored—possiblythefirsttimeit’shadapropercleaninits150－yearhistory.V&A,DundeeOneofthemostsignificantnewopeningsoftheyearwillbeScotland’sfirstdesignedmuseum—andalsothefirstV&AanywhereoutsideofLondon—on15September.nThemuseumbuildingsitsontheRiverTay.ItwillcelebrateScottishdesignsandobjectsinitscollection.【解题导语】　该文介绍了四个艺术画廊(博物馆)的特点、展出内容等。1．WhatdoweknowaboutBeingBrunel?A．Ithasalongschoolreport.B．Itincludesthreegalleries.C．Itisfamily－friendly.D．Itpossessespermanentcollections.C　解析：细节理解题。根据BeingBrunel,Bristol部分中的最后一句“Itisagoodplaceforfamiliestostrengthenconnections.”可知，BeingBrunel是一个家庭友好型博物馆。故选C。2．ThepurposeoftheRAreopeningis____________．A．toexpandtheexhibitionB．tomarkits250thanniversaryC．todisplaycontemporaryartD．topresentits150－yearhistoryB　解析：细节理解题。根据RoyalAcademyofArts,London部分中的“TheRAreopenedon19Mayforits250thanniversary”可知，RA重新开放的目的是纪念其成立250周年。故选B。3．Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A．ToattractmorevisitorstotheUK.B．Tocomparedifferenttouristattractions.C．Todescribesomefamousmuseumsandartists.D．Tointroduceopeningsofsomefamousartgalleriesandmuseums.D　解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一些著名的艺术博物馆和画廊的开幕。故选D。B(2019·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)Afunwaytolearnaboutthepeopleinthedestinationsyoutraveltoaroundtheglobeistodropintoafriendlylocalbaroffthebeatentouristtrackandenjoyasipofsomethingtheregionisfamousfor.Tohelpyouhavefun,we’veroundeduphowtosay“Cheers！”aroundtheworld.Whodoesn’tdreamoflivingthegoodlifeinFrance?ThefoodaloneiswellworththetripsincetheFrenchbasicallyinventedfinecuisine.TheyalsoinventednalittlegoldenliquidcalledtheChampagne!Justbeforeyourfirstsip,lookatyourfriendsintheeyesandsimplysaytheir“cheers”：àvotresanté！Isitjustus,oristheItaliantreatcalledproseccosweepingthenationbystorm?It’slovelyanytime:brunch,tocelebratesomething,orjusttoslowlysipwhilecatchingupwithadearfriend.ItoriginatedinItaly’sVenetoregionbutisnowavailableallovertheworld.WheninItaly,themostcommontoastis“cincin”，whichhasitsoriginsinChina.However,donotusethisasatoastinJapan.Itiswhatcouldgetyoukickedoutofabarorpossiblytheentirecountry.IfyoufindyourselfinthelandofJapan,stickwith“kampai”，whichmeans“cheers”．Ifyouhaven’tbeentoIreland—whatareyouwaitingfor?It’sthefriendliestplace,andoneofthefunniestontheplanet,andthepubsarefullofstories,wherelocalsandvisitorsgathertoliftaglassofGuinness.TheIrishlanguagecanbeabittrickyforvisitorstograspbut,again,practicemakesperfect.Simplysay,“Slàintemhath.”【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。在不同国家和地区，如何表达“干杯”体现了当地的文化和风情。本文分别介绍了在法国、意大利、日本和爱尔兰如何表达“干杯”。4．WhatistheFrenchwayofsaying“Cheers”？A．Àvotresanté.　　　　B．Cincin.C．Kampai.D．Slàintemhath.A　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句可知，在法国，干杯时说“àvotresanté！”，故A项正确。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“It”inParagraph3referto?A．TheItalianwine.B．AtoastfromChina.C．AJapanesecustom.D．AFrenchexpression.B　解析：代词指代题。根据第三段第四、五句可知，意大利常见的祝酒词是“cincin”，起源于中国；然而在日本，不要把这个当作祝酒词。结合该句“Itiswhatcouldgetyoukickedoutofabarorpossiblytheentirecountry”可知，这种起源于中国的祝酒词可能让你被赶出酒吧；据此可知，It指代源于中国的祝酒词，故B项正确。6．WhatcanwelearnaboutIrelandfromthetext?A．Itisfamousforfood.B．Itslanguageissimple.nC．Itmakesperfectwine.D．Itiswellworthvisiting.D　解析：推理判断题。根据尾段第二句可知，爱尔兰是最友好的地方，也是世界上最有趣的地方之一，酒吧里充满了故事，在那里当地人和游客聚在一起举杯畅饮。据此可以判断，爱尔兰值得一游，故D项正确。7．What’sthemainpurposeofthetext?A．Tointroducetheworldfamouswine.B．Toshowhowtomakefriendsinbars.C．Togivesuggestionsondrinkingregionally.D．Torecommendsomefamoustraveldestinations.C　解析：写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文第一段最后一句为文章的主题句，结合全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了在不同国家和地区说“干杯”的方式；据此可以判断，本文旨在介绍在不同国家和地区如何说“干杯”，故C项正确。C(2019·陕西西北六校模拟)WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner,todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram!TheMerriamWebsteronlinedictionarysaystheword“ghost”goesbackathousandyearstothe“earliestrecordedevidenceofthelanguage”.Thefirstmeaningof“ghost”was“theseatoflifeorintelligence”.Anditstillhasthatmeaninginsomeexpressions.However,today,theword“ghost”usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson.Thismeaningisbasedontheideathataperson’sspiritandbodyareseparate.Thespiritcancontinueexistinglongafterthebodyhasdied.DuringHalloween,kidsdressedasghostsarecommonsights.Thecostumeisverysimple：justthrowonawhitecloththatcoversyoufromheadtofoot.Butdonotexpecttowinanycostumecompetitions!Youwouldnothaveaghostofachance.Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen.Thesightmightevenmakeyouturnpaleasaghost.Thisisusedwhenpeoplelosecolorintheirface.Sometimesthishappenswhenapersonisscared.Butabadcoldorflucanalsoturnyouaspaleasaghost.“Ghost”canalsobeaverb.Inthe1880stheterm“ghost”meantapersonwhoworksinsecretforanotherperson.Ghostwritersproducespeechesforpoliticians.Theyalsoproducebooksforauthorswhowanttotelltheirlifestoriesbutarenotprofessionalwriters.nAndsometimesghostwritersareinvolvedinaseriesofbooks,likethechildren’sstoriesbasedontheteenagedetectiveNancyDrew.Theseriesbeganin1930.TheauthorgivencreditwasCarolynKeene.Butshewasnotevenreal!Ghostwritersdidallthework.Anotherexpressionusing“ghost”asaverbissimplytoghost.Thisdoesnotmeantodie.Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventwithoutsaying“goodbye”toanyone.Youcanghostfromyourjob.Youcanghostfromaparty.Yoncanevenghostfromarelationship.Thisiswhenyoustopcommunicatingwithsomeonebecauseyouaresimplynolongerinterestedinthem.ButIwillnotghostfromWordsandTheirStories.【解题导语】　本文主要对“ghost”一词进行了深入探索。8．Thebasicmeaningoftheword“ghost”nowadaysis________．A．thesecretofanotherpersonB．thespiritofadeadpersonC．thecolorofone’sfaceD．theoriginofintelligenceB　解析：细节理解题。根据文章第三段的第一句“However，today，theword‘ghost’usuallymeansthesoulofadeadperson”可知，ghost现在的基本含义是“一个死人的灵魂”。9．Ifsomeonesays“youdon’thaveaghostofachancetowinthematch”，hemeans________．A．withoutdoubtyouwon’tlosethematchB．thematchisunlikelytohappenC．it’simpossibleforyoutowinthematchD．youaretooscaredtowinthematchC　解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“Peopleusethisexpressiontomeanthatsomethingisveryunlikelytohappen”可知，题干中引号内的意思是“你不可能赢得比赛”，故选C。10．Whatcanbeinferredabouttheword“ghost”accordingtothepassage?A．Kidsdressedinawhiteclothlikeghostscanwinacostumecompetition.B．Abadcoldcanturnpeopleaspaleasaghostbecausetheyfearillness.C．ItwasCarolynKeenewhoghostwrotethechildren’sstories.D．Apersondevotedtohisjobisunlikelytoghostfromhisjob.D　解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第三句“Itmeanstoleaveaplaceoreventnwithoutsaying‘goodbye’toanyone”并结合选项可知，一个热爱自己工作的人是不可能轻易离开自己的工作的，ghost的含义和引用的句子呼应，故选D。11．Thispassageislikelytoappearin________．A．aradioprogramB．aHalloweenposterC．afashionmagazineD．anewspaperadvertisementA　解析：文章出处题。根据第一段“WithHalloweenjustaroundthecorner，todaywewillexploretheworldofghostsinthisprogram”可推知，本文选自一个电台的节目，故选A。D(2019·南昌重点中学高三年级段考)InhighschoolIwasveryshy,contenttohangaroundwithmysmallgroupoffriendsandconcentrateonmycourses.Iwasquicklyregardedasa“brain”.IdidsowellthatbytheendofthesenioryearIhadperfectgradesandenoughcreditstogiveupanentirequarterofcoursework.ButinearlyJuneofthesenioryear,theprincipalcalledmeintohisoffice.Heaskedmetogiveaspeechatgraduation.Igaped(目瞪口呆地凝视)athim,myheartthumping.Thiswastherewardformyhardwork?Imumbledsomethingandfledtheoffice,blamingmyselfforstayingawayfromphysics,asubjectsuretohaveruinedmyperfectrecord.Ifinallyagreedtoacompromise.Iwouldsharethehonorwithfiveotherstudents.AndmyfriendJudywouldthengiveherown,fulllengthspeech.Graduationdaysoonarrived.I’dbeenpracticingmyspeechfordays,andIhaditmemorized.Thefirsthalfhouroftheceremonypassedinablur,andthenmymomentcame.Mynamewasannounced.Imanagedtoreachthepodium(讲台)withoutfallingdown.Ifacedmyclassmates.Myvoicetrembledalittle,butmostlyitwasclearandstrong.Butwithinseconds,Iwasdoneandheadedbacktomyseat.IaccomplishedsomethingI’dneverdreamedof—Ispokeinfrontofhundredsofpeople.AlthoughIdidn’trealizeitatthetime,thesuccessfulcompletionofthatspeechgavemetheconfidencetoparticipateinclassatcollege,togiveverbalreports,andtoeventuallybreakfreefrommyshyness.Ineverwouldhavechosentogiveaspeechatgraduationever.ButI’mgladIdid.InolongerhesitatewhenI’mfacedwiththeprospectofdoingsomethingIdread.Iknowitmayverywellnturnouttobeoneofmyshiningmoments.【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文。“我”上高中时很羞怯，但由于学习成绩优秀，被校长要求在毕业典礼上演讲，“我”虽然害怕，但还是完成了这次演讲。这件事不仅使“我”摆脱了羞怯，增强了自信，而且让“我”在做“我”恐惧的事情时不再犹豫。12．Whywasthewritercalleda“brain”？A．Shewasabookwormallthetime.B．Shewastheheadofhersmallgroup.C．Shedidagoodjobinherstudies.D．Shedidmorecourseworkforgoodgrades.C　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第三句可知，在高中毕业那年结束的时候“我”取得了优异的成绩，拿到了足够的学分，从而可以免去整整四分之一的课程作业。由此可推知，“我”被认为是一个“聪明的学生”是因为“我”在课业方面表现出色，故C项正确。13．Whatcanweinferfromthesecondparagraph?A．Sheruinedherhealthbecauseofstudyinghard.B．Shegottherewardbeyondexpectation.C．Shewasgratefulforgivingaspeech.D．Shewasn’tgoodatphysicsatschool.D　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，“我”咕哝了几句话就逃出了办公室，责怪自己远离了物理，这门学科肯定破坏了“我”的完美记录。据此可以判断，作者不擅长物理，故D项正确。14．Howdidtheauthorfeelatthebeginningofthegraduationspeech?A．Scared.　　　　　　B．Moved.C．Excited.D．Embarrassed.A　解析：推理判断题。根据第四段第五、六、七句可知，“我”设法到达讲台而不至于跌倒，面对着同学们，“我”的声音有点颤抖。据此可以推断，演讲开始时“我”感到害怕。A项意为“害怕，恐惧”，故A项正确。15．Whatdidthespeechbringtotheauthoratlast?A．Shehadnothingtofearinlife.B．Shegotridofhersenseofshyness.C．Shewonenoughcollegecredits.D．Shedesiredtobecomeaspeaker.B　解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知，高中毕业典礼上演讲的成功完成给了“我”最终摆脱羞怯的信心。故B项正确。七选五n(2019·昆明摸底)HowtoSayNoRespectfullyLikemostpeople,yournaturalinstinct(本能)isprobablytohelpotherswhenyoucan.1.________Whetheryou’redeclininganinvitationtoapartyorturningdownanewprojectatwork,youcansaynowhilestillbeingrespectful.Whateverthesituationis,beclear,politeandfirmwhensayingno.Expressyourthanks.2.________Ifyouhavetoturnsomeonedown,expressyourthanksthattheythoughtofyouinthefirstplace.Youcouldsaysomethinglike，“Thanksforconsideringmeresponsibleenoughtowatchyourkids.I’msorrythatI’mbusythatevening.”Thinkbeforeyouspeak.Ifyousaynoimmediately,itmightseemlikeyoudidn’tevenconsidertherequest.Inordertoberespectful,takeamomenttothinkaboutyouranswer—evenifyoualreadyknowwhatitisgoingtobe.3.________　Giveaclearanswer.Sayingnorespectfullyshowsthatyou’rehonestanddirect.4.________Ifyoucan’thelp,sayno.Ifsomeoneisaskingyouonadateandyoudon’twanttogo,makethatclear.5．________Youcansaynowithoutcompletelyturningdowntherequest.Bysettingboundaries,youcanmakeitclearexactlywhatyoucandoandwhatyouarewillingtodo.Forexample,youcouldsay,“I’mnotfreefordinner,butIwouldbecomingforaquickdrinkafterwork.”A．Findawaytocompromise.B．Takeapause,andthenkindlysayno.C．Butsometimes,youjustneedtosayno.D．It’sstrangetofeelguiltyforturningsomeonedown.E．Makeitclearthatyousincerelyappreciatebeingasked.F．Ifyoufeelitnecessary,youcanalsoprovideareasonforyouranswer.G．Donotgivepeoplefalsehopethatyouwillbeabletosatisfytheirrequest.【解题导语】　本文主要介绍了如何有礼貌地拒绝别人。1．C　解析：前面讲到“帮助别人可能是人的一种本能”，接下来话锋一转，说到“在有的情形下你可以礼貌地拒绝别人”，前后是转折关系，所以选C项。2．E　解析：本段的第一句“表达你的谢意”为段落主题句，所以空处意在进一步解释说明这一主题，而选项E的意思是“要表达清楚你很真诚地感激受到邀请”，所以E项符合语意。n3．B　解析：本段首句为段落主题句，意为“在说(不)之前要思考一下”，而B项的意思是“停一下，然后再善意地拒绝”，与此处匹配，所以选B项。4．G　解析：由本段内容可知，本段主要讲明确答复对方，有礼貌地拒绝别人表示你是诚实的、直接的。所以G项“不要给人错觉，让别人觉得你可以满足他们的要求”与本段所表达的意思相符，所以选G项。5．A　解析：根据下文可知，本段讲述的是在拒绝别人的时候，可以留有余地，表达清楚你能做什么、愿意做什么，而A项的意思是“找到一个折中的办法”，与本段所表达的意思相符，所以选A项。课时练2　知识运用板块练[学生用书P236(单独成册)]完形填空(2019·成都高中毕业班摸底测试)InApril1952,Iwas11yearsoldandinthesixthgradeatanelementaryschool.MyteacherwasMissPemberton.Itwasspellingbeetimeinourcity—studentswereissuedwithbrochuresofwordstostudyin__1__fortheclassspelldowns(比赛).Theywouldleadtoaschoolwidecontestand__2__qualificationforthecitywidespellingbee,whereschool__3__competedforthe__4__ofbeingthespellingchampionofHouston.Theday__5__theclassspellingbee,myyoungestbrotherwasplayingwithmatchesand__6__setafireinourapartment.Mymothermadesleepingarrangementsforallofusand__7__theschoolinthemorningtoinformMissPembertonoftheaccident,__8__thattheclassspellingbeewasthatday.WhenIarrivedatschool,MissPemberton__9__measide.SheaskedifIwantedherto__10__thespellingbeetoanotherdaybecauseofmy__11__aboutthefire.Itoldherno.Thatday,Iwonthespellingbeeformyclass.Thenextweekwastheschoolspellingbee,withclasschampions__12__.Iwonagain!The__13__spellingbeewasonemonthaway.EverySundayafternoon,MissPembertonwouldpickmeup,andwewouldgotoherhouse,whereshewouldheplme__14__bycallingoutspellingwords.Afteracoupleof__15__，MissPembertonwould__16__metoRettig’sicecreamparlor,whereIcould__17__ahotchocolatesundae(圣代冰激凌)whichI’dneverhad.Wepracticedevery__18__untilthecitywidespellingbee.Ididnotwinthecitywidespellingbee,butIstillfelt__19__tohaveparticipated.IalsofeltgratefulthatIhadsucha__20__teacherinelementaryschool.n【解题导语】　本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了十一岁时“我”参加拼字比赛的故事。1．A.need　　　　　　　　B．exchangeC．preparationD．returnC　解析：根据该句中的“studentswereissuedwithbrochuresofwordstostudyin______fortheclassspelldowns(比赛)”可知，老师给学生们分发了单词手册，以便他们为班级拼字比赛做准备。inpreparationfor为固定搭配，意为“为……做准备”，故C项正确。A项意为“需要”；B项意为“交换”；D项意为“返回”。2．A.actualB．finalC．hopefulD．luckyB　解析：根据该句中的“Theywouldleadtoaschoolwidecontestand______qualificationforthecitywidespellingbee”可知，班级比赛后便是校级比赛，最后选出参加市级比赛的合格人选。B项意为“最后的”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“真实的”；C项意为“有希望的”；D项意为“幸运的”。3．A.studentsB．participantsC．winnersD．teamsC　解析：结合该句中的“whereschool______competedforthe______ofbeingthespellingchampionofHouston”可以判断，学校的获胜者们将为休斯敦市拼字比赛的冠军荣誉而竞争。C项意为“获胜者”，符合语境，故C项正确。4．A.prizeB．benefitC．fameD．honorD　解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“荣誉”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“奖励”；B项意为“好处”；C项意为“名声”。5．A.beforeB．afterC．duringD．forA　解析：根据语境可知，在参加班级拼字比赛的前一天，“我”最小的弟弟在家里玩火柴意外地引发了一场火灾。A项意为“在……以前”，符合语境，故A项正确。6．A.stupidlyB．successfullyC．shortlyD．accidentallyD　解析：参见上题解析。D项意为“意外地，偶然地”，符合语境，故D项正确。A项意为“愚蠢地”；B项意为“成功地”；C项意为“不久，很快”。7．A.visitedB．calledC．emailedD．wroteB　解析：“我”的妈妈安排好我们睡觉的地方，第二天早上就打电话将这次事故告诉了Pemberton老师。B项意为“打电话”，符合语境，故B项正确。A项意为“参观”；nC项意为“发电子邮件”；D项意为“写信”。8．A.believingB．hopingC．knowingD．tellingC　解析：“我”的妈妈在告诉老师这次事故时知道了班级的拼字比赛就在那天。C项意为“知道，了解”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“相信”；B项意为“希望”；D项意为“告诉”。9．A.pulledB．droveC．leftD．helpedA　解析：根据该句“WhenIarrivedatschool,MissPemberton______measide.”并结合下文内容可知，Pemberton老师在“我”到学校时将“我”拉到一边，询问“我”的情况。A项意为“拉”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“驾驶”；C项意为“离开”；D项意为“帮助”。10．A.calloffB．takeoffC．putoffD．sendoffC　解析：根据上文可知，“我”家遭遇了火灾；结合该句“SheaskedifIwantedherto______thespellingbeetoanotherdaybecauseofmy______aboutthefire.”可知，老师问“我”是否因为“我”的烦闷而需要推迟拼字比赛。C项意为“推迟”，符合语境，故C项正确。A项意为“取消”；B项意为“脱下，起飞”；D项意为“寄出”。11．A.upsetB．curiosityC．doubtD．angerA　解析：参见上题解析。A项意为“不痛快，烦闷”，符合语境，故A项正确。B项意为“好奇”；C项意为“怀疑”；D项意为“愤怒”。12．A.waitingB．competingC．winningD．applyingB　解析：根据语境可知，下一周校级拼字比赛上，所有班级获胜者参与竞争(competing)。故B项正确。A项意为“等候”；C项意为“获胜”；D项意为“申请”。13．A.schoolwideB．citywideC．nationwideD．worldwideB　解析：根据上文可知，“我”在参加校级拼字比赛时获胜了；结合下文中的“untilthecitywidespellingbee”可知，此处表示市级拼字比赛一个月后进行。B项意为“全市范围的”，故B项正确。A项意为“全校范围的”；C项意为“全国范围的”；D项意为“世界各地的”。14．A.reviewB．rememberC．learnD．practicenD　解析：根据该句中的“bycallingoutspellingwords”和下文中的“Wepracticed”可知，Pemberton老师帮助“我”练习(practice)，故D项正确。A项意为“复习”；B项意为“记住”；C项意为“学习”。15．A.minutesB．hoursC．daysD．weeksB　解析：根据该句中的“Afteracoupleof______，MissPembertonwould______metoRettig’sicecreamparlor”可知，在练习几个小时后，Pemberton老师会将“我”带到Rettig冰激凌店。B项意为“小时”，故B项正确。16．A.rushB．dragC．takeD．sendC　解析：参见上题解析。takesb.tosomeplace为固定搭配，意为“将某人带到某地”，故C项正确。17．A.orderB．useC．makeD．enjoyD　解析：在Rettig冰激凌店“我”可以享用从来没有品尝过的一种热巧克力圣代冰激凌。D项意为“享受”，故D项正确。18．A.weekendB．afternoonC．momentD．nightA　解析：根据该段第一句中的“EverySundayafternoon”，又结合该句“Wepracticedevery______untilthecitywidespellingbee.”可知，我们每周末训练，直到市级拼字比赛时间来临。A项意为“周末”，故A项正确。19．A.proudB．welcomeC．disappointedD．surprisedA　解析：根据该句“Ididnotwinthecitywidespellingbee,butIstillfelt______tohaveparticipated.”可知，尽管“我”没有在市级拼字比赛中获胜，但是“我”仍然为参加了这次比赛而感到骄傲。A项意为“自豪的，骄傲的”，故A项正确。B项意为“受欢迎的”；C项意为“失望的”；D项意为“惊讶的”。20．A.successfulB．patientC．professionalD．caringD　解析：根据上文可知，每周末Pemberton老师都帮“我”练习单词拼写，还带“我”去冰激凌店吃冰激凌；结合该句“IalsofeltgratefulthatIhadsucha______teacherinelementaryschool.”可知，“我”对有这样一位关心他人的(caring)小学老师充满感激。故D项正确。A项意为“成功的”；B项意为“耐心的”；C项意为“专业的”。语法填空n(2019·成都高中毕业班诊断性检测)Helpingapersonforgetsomethingisrarelyeasy,especiallyifthe“something”ishurtfulornegative.Usesomesimpletechniquestodistractfromtheissueand1.____________(hope)withtime,thepersonwon’tbeabletoremember2.____________heissupposedtoforget.Removealltheitemsthatmaybringbackthememory.Anysmallobjectscanjoghismemory,socarefullyreplaceanyphotos,diariesoranyother3.____________(person)objectsorpresentswithnewitems.Changethesubjectwheneveryourfriendbringsitup.Don’tdothisin4.____________obviouswaybecausethisisannoying,butdoitwithouthisawarenessofyour5.____________(intend).Tellsome6.____________(amuse)storiesortalkaboutimportantandhappyeventsinyourfriend’slifesuchasanewnepheworaworkpromotion.Occupyhimwith7.____________(activity)andappointments.Keepinghimtoobusy8.____________(think)aboutthepasthelpshimseeapositivelight.Createafullscheduleandintroducenewthingsandexperiences,suchasacookingclass,whichrequireconcentration.Bepatientandallowtimetogetoverthings.Itwillbeoftenalongtime9.____________yourfriendfullyremovesthatmemory,sodon’tbe10.____________(disappoint)ifitdoesn’thappenimmediately.【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了帮助他人忘掉不快乐的记忆的四条建议。1．hopefully　解析：考查副词。空处修饰后面的整个句子，故用副词形式。2．what　解析：考查宾语从句。分析该句结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，且在从句中作动词forget的宾语，故用what引导该宾语从句，表示随着时间流逝，这个人就不会记得他应当忘记的事情了。3．personal　解析：考查形容词。空处修饰名词objects，故用形容词形式。句意：任何小物件都能唤起记忆，所以小心地用新物品替换任何照片、日记或其他个人的物品或礼物。4．an　解析：考查冠词。不要以一种明显的方式做这件事，因为这很烦人。该处表示“一种明显的方式”，表示泛指，故用不定冠词；obvious的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。5．intention　解析：考查名词。根据空前的形容词性物主代词your可知，该处用名词形式。句意：不要以明显的方式来做这件事情，因为这很烦人，但要在他(朋友)没有意识到你的意图的情况下做这件事情。6．amusing　解析：考查形容词。根据空后的名词stories可知，空处修饰该名词，故用形容词形式amusing。句意：讲一些有趣的故事，n或者谈谈你朋友的生活中重要和快乐的事情，比如刚出生的侄子或者工作晋升。7．activities　解析：考查名词复数。根据该句中的“andappointments”可知，空处与此并列，应用名词的复数形式。句意：使他忙于活动和约会。8．tothink　解析：考查固定搭配。too...to...为固定搭配，意为“太……而不能……”。句意：让他忙得无法想起往事，这有助于让他看到积极之光。9．before　解析：考查连词。句意：通常很长的一段时间之后，你的朋友才会完全忘掉这段记忆，所以如果他没有马上忘掉这段记忆，你不要失望。Itwillbe＋一段时间＋before...表示“多久之后才……”，故用连词before。10．disappointed　解析：考查形容词。空处所在句为祈使句，系动词be后接形容词，且修饰人，故用disappointed。课时练3　语法写作增分练[学生用书P237(单独成册)]第三部分　语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)　第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。(2019·潍坊模拟)Allthepartsofthehumanbodyworktogether，althougheachonehasitsspecialparttodo.Thestomachmusthaveatime61.____________(rest)betweenmeals.Theotherpartsofthebodyrequirerest，too.Thisthey62.____________(usual)getwhileweareasleep.Wemustnotfailtogivethemenoughrest，ortheywillsoonget63.____________(wear)outandgiveustrouble.Sometimeswhenpeoplearenotwell64.____________tiredout，theyfindtheycannotsleepwell65.____________night.Anumberoflittlethingscancontributetoagoodsleep.Ahotfootbath,66.____________drawsthebloodawayfromthebrain，frequentlywillbefound67.____________(benefit)．Aglassofhotmilkorcocoa,68.____________(take)justbeforegoingtobed，oftenwillhavethesameeffect.Ifthesleeplessnessisaresultofindigestion(消化不良)，aplaindietwillrelieve.Sleepinguponahardbedwithoutanypillowsometimes69.____________(produce)thedesiredeffect.Alwayshaveplentyoffreshairintheroom.Keepthemindfreefromthecaresoftheday.Nevertakeany70.____________(sleep)tabletsexceptupontheadviceofaphysician，fortheyusuallycontaindrugsthatwillinjuretheheart.【解题导语】　本文是一篇科普类说明文。人体的各个器官都需要良好的休息。本文详细介绍了几条提高睡眠质量的方法。61．torest　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：胃必须用两餐之间的间隔时间来休息。havenatimetodosth.为固定搭配，意为“有时间去做某事”。故填torest。62．usually　解析：考查副词。空格处修饰动词get，故用形容词usual的副词形式usually。63．worn　解析：考查过去分词。该句主语they指代第一段第三句中的“Theotherpartsofthebody”，和动词短语wearout之间是被动关系，故用被动语态，wear应用过去分词形式。故填worn。64．or　解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，该句中的notwell和空格后的tiredout为选择关系，表示“或者”。故填or。65．at　解析：考查介词。表示“在晚上”用固定短语atnight。故填at。66．which　解析：考查定语从句。分析该句结构可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词“Ahotfootbath”，并在从句中作主语，所以用which引导该定语从句。故填which。67．beneficial　解析：考查形容词。该句中的found为感官动词，在该处用作系动词，后应接形容词作表语，意为“有利的，有益的”。故填beneficial。68．taken　解析：考查非谓语动词。该句中的主语“Aglassofhotmilkorcocoa”和动词take之间为被动关系，故用其过去分词作状语。故填taken。69．produces/willproduce　解析：考查动词的时态。句意：在硬床上不垫任何枕头睡觉有时会达到你想要的效果。根据句意可知，该句陈述的是客观道理或预料将要发生的情况，故用一般现在时或一般将来时。故填produces/willproduce。70．sleeping　解析：考查名词。sleepingtablet意为“安眠药片”，相当于sleepingpill，为固定用法。故填sleeping。第四部分　写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节　短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。(2019·武汉调研)Ioncehadabadexperience.Onedayseveralyearsago,Iwentshopwithmyfriends.AsIenteredasmallshoestore,butIsawtwowomenselectingshoes.Suddenlytheyraisetheirvoiceandbegantotalkloudlyabouthowbeautifullytheshoeswereandhowlowthepricewas.Justthenanoldcouplewalkedontothenshop.Thetwowomenurgedhertobuyapair.Whenthecoupleleftastorewiththeshoes,Inoticedtheshopownergavethetwowomensomecashes.Healsopromisedofferthemmoreunlessmorepeopleboughthisshoes.答案：Ioncehadabadexperience.Onedayseveralyearsago,Iwentwithmyfriends.AsIenteredasmallshoestore,Isawtwowomenselectingshoes.Suddenlytheytheirvoiceandbegantotalkloudlyabouthowtheshoeswereandhowlowthepricewas.Justthenanoldcouplewalkedtheshop.Thetwowomenurgedtobuyapair.Whenthecoupleleftstorewiththeshoes，Inoticedtheshopownergavethetwowomensome.Healsopromisedofferthemmoremorepeopleboughthisshoes.第二节　书面表达(满分25分)(2019·福建质检)假定你是李华，获悉你的英国朋友Henry想参加为外国人举办的汉语演讲比赛。请给他写封邮件，告知参赛信息。内容包括：1．演讲时间、地点；2．演讲主题：最美家庭；3．演讲注意事项。注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇：演讲比赛speechcontest________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________nOnepossibleversion：DearHenry，IamgladtohearthatyouhavegreatinterestintheChinesespeechcontestintendedforforeigners.I’mwritingtotellyousomedetails.Thecontest，duetostartat9a．m.onMarch16，willbeheldatthehallofDalianUniversity.ThetopicistheMostBeautifulFamily.Ibelieveyouhavealottosharebecausefamilymattersmuchwhereverwearefrom.Whendeliveringthespeech，pleasespeakloudlyandclearlywithoutreferringtoyournotes，butwithasmileonyourface！Keepinmindthatyouhaveonlyfiveminutesforit.Hopeeverythinggoessmoothly.Lookingforwardtoyourgoodnews.Yours，LiHua