2020版高考英语第一部分语言知识unit1talesoftheunexplained能力提升题组训练（a）牛津译林版

2020版高考英语第一部分语言知识unit1talesoftheunexplained能力提升题组训练（a）牛津译林版

　Unit1　Talesoftheunexplained能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018辽宁部分重点高中协作校高三联考)ChileanastronomerMaritzaSotohasdiscoveredaplanetthreetimesaslargeasJupiterorbitingaredgiantstarlargerthantheSunandtheplanetislocatedsome290millionlightyearsfromtheEarth.Soto,a25-year-oldPh.D.studentinsciencesattheUniversityofChile,workedforeightmonthsusingtwotelescopesattheLaSillaObservatory,about370milesnorthofSantiago.LastNovember,shediscoveredtheplanetnowbearingthedesignationHD110014candherworkhasnowbeenpublishedinajournaloftheLondonRoyalAstronomicalSociety.Thediscoveryofplanetsorbitingredgiantstarsis“rare”,withonlyfivesuchplanetslocatedaroundstarsofthatmagnitudetodate,shetoldEFE.HD110014corbitsitsstaratadistanceaboutsix-tenthsthedistancefromtheSuntotheEarth—oraboutthedistancebetweenVenusandtheSun.“It’slikeimaginingaplanetthreetimesbiggerthanJupiterwiththeorbitofVenusaroundtheSun,”shesaid,addingthattheredgiantstarisabouttwicethesizeoftheEarth’sSun.Anotherplanethadalreadybeendiscoveredorbitingthestar,andnowSoto’sworkhasaddedasecondplanettothatsolarsystem.Tofindtheplanet,sheusedtheso-calledradialvelocity(径向速度)methodsofmeasuringtheslightjiggling(晃动)movementofastarasaplanetorbitsarounditconsideringthattheplanetsthemselvessendonlyaveryweaksignalandarequitedifficulttodetectontheirown.“Theplanetsareveryweakcomparedtothestarsandyouhavetouseindirectmethodstodetectthem.IanalyzedthedatathathadbeengatheredoveryearstoconfirmthefirstplanetandIdiscoveredthesecondoneorbitingthestar,”shesaid.1.WhatcanweknowaboutHD110014cfromthepassage?A.It’saboutthreetimesthesizeofJupiter.B.Itisthefirstplanetdiscoveredinthatsolarsystem.nC.Itsstarisabout290millionlightyearsfromtheSun.D.ItorbitsitsstaratthedistancebetweentheSunandtheEarth.2.Whyareplanetsnoteasytodiscover?A.Ittakesyearstogatherdata.B.They’refarawayfromtheEarth.C.Theirsignalistooweaktocatch.D.Theexistingtechnologyisnotmature.3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?A.Todescribehowtodiscoveraplanet.B.TotellaninspiringstoryofMaritzaSoto.C.Toinformreadersofanewdiscoveryofaplanet.D.Tostresstheimportanceofdiscoveringaplanet.4.Whichsectionofanewspaperisthepassagemostlikelytocomefrom?A.Geography.B.Science.C.Business.D.Environment.语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。介绍了智利的天文学家MaritzaSoto发现了新行星,它的体积是木星体积的三倍。答案及剖析:1.A　细节理解题。根据“ChileanastronomerMaritzaSotohasdiscoveredaplanetthreetimesaslargeasJupiter”可知,HD110014c大约是Jupiter的体积的三倍大。故选A。2.C　细节理解题。根据“...consideringthattheplanetsthemselvessendonlyaveryweaksignalandarequitedifficulttodetectontheirown”可知行星发出的信号很弱所以很难被发现。3.C　写作目的题。根据文章第一段可知天文学家发现了一颗是木星的体积三倍大的行星,故本文目的是告知读者有关一个行星的新发现。故选C。4.B　推理判断题。文章的内容是有关科学发现的,所以很可能出自于报纸的科技专栏。Ⅱ.七选五(2018华大新高考联盟教学质量测评)When8-year-oldWendycamehomeafterschool,sheimmediatelyburstintotears.Shefeltafraidforherfamilyanddisappointedintherobbersfortheircruelactions.1.　　　 nShewrotealettertothethievesandtapedittothewindow.Theletterreads:“Thisisfortherobbers.Pleasedonotstealinourhouse.Therearegoodkidsandpeopleinthishouse.”Shecontinues,“TellmewhyyouarestealingandIwillhelpyoubeagoodperson.”2.　　　　“Ifyoustartbeingnice,youwillhavefriendsthatwillbenicetoyou.” 3.　　　　MarkAnthonyParrilla,Wendy’snext-doorneighborwassotouchedbyherletterthathedecidedtodomore.MarkhaslovinglysetupaGoFundMepagefortheSonfamily,inthehopesofhelpingthemregainwhattheylostduringtherobbery. Inthemeantime,Wendyisspreadingpositivewords.SherecentlyattendedtheLakeWorthCandidateForum,whereshereadherlettertothepoliticiansinattendance.4.　　　　Wendyisthrilledthatherletterhasreachedsomanypeople,andisabsorbingthepositiveenergyofeveryone’sresponses. Whilethesuspectshaveyettobecaught,shehopesthattheyhaveheardhermessage.5.　　　 A.Wendyalsooffersasuggestion.B.Andwhataninspiringwaytosendit!C.ButWendydidnotletfearcontrolher.D.Shebelievestherobberswillnotcommitcrimeagain.E.Wendy’sbraveactsetagoodexampleforherneighbors.F.Wendy’sheartfeltefforthasinspiredlocalfamiliestouniteinsupport.G.Itwaswellreceived-theaudienceeruptinginapplauseassoonasshefinishedreading.答案:1-5　CAFGBⅢ.完形填空(2018东北三省四市高三二模)Thinkingofmygoodfriends,Isensethatmyattitudesaretotallydifferenttowardsmenandwomen.MyearliestchildhoodfriendisDonald.Inthestreetwasa(an)　1　oldGermantruck.Nowheels.Nodoors.Eachday,　2　wewereflyingovertheAtlanticinthattruckour“airplane”,therecamethatwonderfulmoment:“Engine　3　!”I’dnshout,“We’llhavetojumpout.”Glancingatme,he’dsay,“Ican’t　4　!”“Fearnot!I’lldragyoutothe　5　.” Andwhenweswam　6　thedust,Donaldcried“Sharks!”ButIalways　7　him.Thenextday,changing　8　,Donaldwoulddothesametome.Wesavedeachotherhundredsoftimes,butwhenmyfamilyreallydidleaveforAmerica,wecoulddo　9　.Wejustcriedsilentlyasthetrain　10　. Thesedays,Jessicaisoneofmybestfriends.RecentlywewereswimmingatabeachintheAtlantic,the　11　oneIhad“flown”overinmyGermantruckwithDonald.Wewerefarfromshorewhenweboththoughtwe　12　ashark!Webeganswimming　13　towardtheshore.Althoughin　14　,Ifellbacktoprotecther.Intheendthe“shark”proved　15　,butnotmydeepemotionalfeelingformyfriend.Welookedintoeachother’seyesandsaid,“Iloveyou!” YouseewithwomenIcouldbe　16　,emotionallyhonestandtransparent.Withmalefriends,itseemedimpossibleto　17　caringfeelingshoweverdeepthefriendshipwas.“AmInormal?” Ithoughttomyself.Muchtomy　18　,researchesshowthatmenandwomenhaveverydifferent　19　andrational(理性的)processes.Idoloveallmyfriends—onlythemeansofexpression　20　. 1.A.advancedB.decoratedC.abandonedD.updated2.A.beforeB.whileC.afterD.until3.A.lossB.deathC.pressureD.failure4.A.jumpB.swimC.dieD.run5.A.dustB.riverC.truckD.shore6.A.overB.throughC.acrossD.beyond7.A.leftB.fetchedC.rescuedD.defeated8.A.rolesB.mannersC.imagesD.forms9.A.somethingB.nothingC.anythingD.everything10.A.brokedownB.movedinC.pulledawayD.blewup11.A.veryB.lastC.firstD.only12.A.attackedB.spottedC.annoyedD.killedn13.A.eagerlyB.casuallyC.hardlyD.crazily14.A.panicB.hesitationC.doubtD.silence15.A.fierceB.friendlyC.imaginaryD.true16.A.coolB.shyC.passiveD.open17.A.expressB.hideC.admitD.control18.A.embarrassmentB.disappointmentC.reliefD.surprise19.A.emotionalB.physicalC.mentalD.moral20.A.changesB.developsC.mattersD.differs语篇解读:本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。通过叙述自己童年时候与朋友之间的经历,告诉人们每一个人表达爱和友情的方式是不同的。答案及剖析:1.C　根据下文的Nowheels.Nodoors.的语境可知这个卡车是废弃的,故选C。2.B　while“当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句。句意:每天当我们在那架旧式卡车上学飞机飞翔的时候,故选B。3.D　根据下文的I’dshout,“We’llhavetojumpout.”的语境可知引擎坏了要从“飞机”上跳下来,故选D。4.B　根据上文的wewereflyingovertheAtlantic和下文的Fearnot!I’lldragyou...可知Donald说自己不会游泳,故选B。5.D　根据上文的wewereflyingovertheAtlantic可知作者说会把Donald拉到岸边,故选D。6.B　根据下文的Donaldcried“Sharks!”可知作者和朋友做游戏,他们假装跳入大海里遇到了鲨鱼,through表示从内部穿过,符合语境,故选B。7.C　根据上文的Donaldcried“Sharks!”可知此处前后是转折关系,作者救了他的朋友,故选C。8.A　根据下文的Donaldwoulddothesametome.可知,第二天他们会互换角色,故选A。9.B　根据上文的butwhenmyfamilyreallydidleaveforAmerica可知作者要离开去美国了,故选B。10.C　根据上文的Wejustcriedsilently可知当火车开走时,作者和朋友什么都没有做,只是静静地哭着,故选C。11.A　根据下文的Ihad“flown”overinmyGermantruckwithnDonald可知此处表示“正是”,thevery符合语境,表示强调,故选A。12.B　根据上文的RecentlywewereswimmingatabeachintheAtlantic和weboththoughtwe　12　ashark!可知当时作者和Jessica在游泳,他们觉得看到了一条鲨鱼,故选B。 13.D　根据上文的Wewerefarfromshorewhenweboththoughtwe　12　ashark!可知他们离海岸很远,所以看到鲨鱼时疯狂地向海岸边游去,故选D。 14.A　根据后文Ifellbacktoprotecther可知前后句是转折关系,尽管恐慌,但作者还是回去保护Jessica,故选A。15.C　根据下文的butnotmydeepemotionalfeelingformyfriend.可知这条鲨鱼是想象出来的,故选C。16.D　根据后文可知作者和女性在一起时可能会比较放得开,故选D。17.A　expressfeelings表示“表达情感”,符合语境,故选A。18.C　根据上文的AmInormal?和下文的researchesshowthatmenandwomenhaveverydifferent　19　andrational(理性的)processes可知研究的结果让作者欣慰,故选C。 19.A　根据上文的emotionallyhonestandtransparent和下文的rational(理性的)可知此处指感性和理性,故选A。20.D　作者的确爱他所有的朋友——只是用的表达方式不同而已,故选D。