2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（三）（含解析）外研版

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（三）（含解析）外研版

高考提能练(三)Module3　MyFirstRideonaTrainⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·昆明调研]Ninemonthsago,Iwaspackingmydaughter'sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies,wonderinghowIwasgoingtosendherofftokindergarten.Istoodontheplayground,tearspouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn'treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten—butshewasready.TodayIwillbestandingontheplayground,onceagainwithtears,becausethisprecioustimewentbytooquickly.ThisweekIrealizedthatInevertoldyou“thankyou”.Idon'tknowhowtoexpressamother'sthanksinthewayateacherdeserves.WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyouwouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever.Whilethestudentslinedupfortheday,youtouchedeachoneontheshoulderasyougreetedthem.Ifastudentwashavingatoughmorning,youquietlyheldhishandandwalkedhimintotheschool.IgottoknowyouasIvolunteeredinthelunchroom.Youmadesureyourstudentswereallreadyforlunchbeforeyouwentonyourownlunchbreak.Youkepttrackoftheirbigthingsandsmallthings,becauseasaveterankindergartenteacher,youknowthatthesmallthingsarethebigthings.Ilovedthewayyoumadeeachstudentfeelspecial.Youhelpedthemfallinlovewithschool,whichissoimportantatthestart.Toalloftheteachersintheworldwhoarelikeyou,Iwishyouknewhowgratefulparentsareforyou.Weadoreyou,respectyou,andappreciateyou.Wedon'ttellyouenough—weprobablydon'ttellyouever.Iwishwecouldtakeyouwithustothenext12grades.体裁：记叙文　题材：家校关系　主题：感激师恩【语篇解读】　本文主要描述了一位幼儿妈妈表达对幼儿园老师的感激。1．Whydidtheauthor'stearscomedownonherdaughter'sfirstdayofkindergarten?A．Shehadn'tmadefullpreparationsforherdaughter.B．Herdaughterwasn'twillingtogotokindergarten.C．Shefeltworriedaboutherdaughter'sbeingaway.D．Herdaughterwasn'tfamiliarwiththeteachers.答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Istoodontheplayground,tearspouringdownmyfacebecauseIwasn'treadyforthisfirstdayofkindergarten—butshewasready”可知，作者落泪的原因是自己心里未做好面对孩子离开自己去上幼儿园的事实的准备。故C项为正确答案。根据第一段首句中的“Ninemonthsago,Iwaspackingmydaughter'sbackpackwithnewschoolsupplies”可知，作者对孩子入园前的各项物品的准备是充分的，故A项错误；B、D两项均为无中生有。2．Theauthornoticedtheteacher'scharacteristicswhen________.A．shestoodontheplaygroundB．shewasattheopenhouseC．shesaidgoodbyetotheteacherD．sheworkedasateacheratlunchtime答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段首句“WefirstmetyouattheopenhousetheweekbeforeschoolstartedandIimmediatelyknewyouwouldbethetypeofteacherwewouldappreciateforever”可知，在开学前一周的校园开放参观日当天，作者就看出了孩子的老师将会是自己永远感激的人。3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“veteran”inParagraph3mean?nA．Beautiful.B．Generous.C．Skillful.D．Humorous.答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据第三段的内容可知，老师关注孩子们的大小事，并且深知幼儿园无小事。由此可推知，这是一位经验丰富的幼儿教师，故画线词与C项“熟练的”词义相近。A项意为“美丽的”，B项意为“慷慨的”，D项意为“幽默的”，均与语境不符。4．Whatisthistextmainlyabout?A．Goodwishestoakindergartenteacher.B．Sincerethankstoakindergartenteacher.C．Asweetmemoryofkindergartenlife.D．Akid'sdailybehaviorinthekindergarten.答案与解析：B　考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文是一位幼儿妈妈表达对老师的感激，故选B项。A项“对幼儿园老师的美好祝愿”，C项“幼儿园生活的美好回忆”，D项“一个孩子在幼儿园的日常行为”，均与文意不符。B[2019·合肥质检]Intoday'ssociety,languageplaysakeyroleindefininggender(性别)byvocabulary,andalsothenonverbal(非语言的)vocabulary.Eachoneofthesedifferenttypesofwaysofcommunicatingisobviouslydifferentbetweenmenandwomen.Manydifferentstudiesshowthatmentendtotalkmuchmorethanwomen.Ithasalsobeenproventhatwomentendtospeakfasterthanmen;thisisduetothefactthatwomentendtobeinterruptedmoreoftenthanmenare,andalsohavetheabilitytospeakmoreclearly,precisely，andmorequicklythanmen.Inonestudyitwasfoundthatwomenspokeforanaverageofthreeminutesdescribingapainting,asopposedtothethirteenminuteaverageittookmentodescribeit.Menandwomenalsotendtohaveaverydifferentnonverbalwayofcommunicating,whichcanalsomakeitveryhardforoneanothertounderstandwhattheoppositesexistryingtosay.Men'sbodylanguageismuchmorereservedwhentheyaretalkingtowomen.Mentendnottomakeasmucheyecontactandtheygenerallystayfartherawayfromwomenwhentalkingtothem.Menavoidotherpeople'sbodyspacewhiletalking,andtheyalsotendtositbackwhentalking.Allofthesehavegivenofftheimpressionofdisinterestorboredom.Womenarebyfarbetterlistenersandmuchmoreenjoyabletotalkwithandtheytendtoraisemoretopicsforconversation.Womenalsomakeitclearerwhetherornottheconversationisgoingsomewhereorjuststuckinneutral.Afterlearningaboutourstylesofcommunicatingwitheachother,Ihavedecidedthatalthoughmenhavenotquitemasteredcommunicating,whatfunwoulditbeifweallspokethesame“language”？Thelittlegamesmenandwomenplaywitheachotherwhileconversingwouldbelost.Thequestioneveryoneaskshimselforherselfaftertalkingwithsomeoneoftheoppositesex,“Iwonderifthere'ssomethingthere？”wouldnolongerexist.体裁：说明文　题材：性别差异　主题：性别差异导致沟通方式不同【语篇解读】本文主要介绍了男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同的现象。【难句分析】Menandwomenalsotendtohaveaverydifferentnonverbalwayofcommunicating,whichcanalsomakeitveryhardforoneanothertounderstandwhattheoppositesexistryingtosay.分析：本句是一个复合句。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面的整个句子；it作形式宾语，不定式tounderstand...tosay作真正的宾语；what引导宾语从句，在宾语从句中作宾语。译文：男性和女性在非语言的表达方式上通常也是不同的，这也让彼此在理解对方所说的话上变得非常困难。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph2referto?nA．Thedifferencesbetweenmen'sandwomen'slanguages.B．Thedifferentspeedofmen'sandwomen'sspeech.C．Theabilityofmen'sandwomen'sspokenlanguage.D．Thenonverbalvocabularyofmenandwomen.答案与解析：B　考查代词指代。由this承接第二段中的“Ithasalsobeenproventhatwomentendtospeakfasterthanmen”可推知，此处的this指代女性比男性说话快的现象，故选B。6．Inwhatwaydomenandwomendifferaccordingtothethirdparagraph?A．Speedofunderstanding.B．Understandingofspeechroles.C．Politenessofcommunication.D．Applicationofbodylanguage.答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。根据第三段的整体内容，尤其是该段第二句“Men'sbodylanguageismuchmorereservedwhentheyaretalkingtowomen”可推知，本段主要讲的是男性和女性在非语言表达方式上的不同，即肢体语言使用上的差异，故选D。7．Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothedifferencesbetweenmen'sandwomen'scommunication?A．Cautious.B．Favorable.C．Ambiguous.D．Skeptical.答案与解析：B　考查观点态度。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“Afterlearningaboutourstylesofcommunicatingwitheachother,Ihavedecidedthatalthoughmenhavenotquitemasteredcommunicating,whatfunwoulditbeifweallspokethesame‘language’？Thelittlegamesmenandwomenplaywitheachotherwhileconversingwouldbelost”可推知，作者对男性和女性在沟通的差异性上持赞成态度，故选B。cautious“谨慎的”；favorable“赞成的”；ambiguous“模棱两可的”；skeptical“怀疑的”。8．Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Women,bornexcellenttalkersB．Men'sandwomen'ssocialrolesC．VocabularyandcommunicationD．Oppositegender,differentlanguage答案与解析：D　考查标题判断。根据第一段的话题导入，并结合全文的整体内容可推知，本文主要讲的是男性和女性因性别差异而导致在沟通方式上也有所不同，故选D。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·惠州调研]By2025,watershortagewillbeabigproblemforabout1.8billionpeople.Inaworldwherewaterresourceisincreasinglyshort,nationscannotaffordtowasteit.__1__Afterweusewaterinourhomesandbusinesses,itiswashedaway,andtakesmanyvaluableresourceswithit.Wastewaterisrichincarbonandnutrients.__2__Anumberofnationsandmajorcitieshavealreadybuiltwastewatertreatmentplants.Theycaneffectivelyrecovernutrientsandbioenergy,andproduce“newwater”thatcanbereused.Butmorethan80%ofallwastewaterstillcurrentlyflowsintonaturalecosystems,pollutingtheenvironmentandtakingvaluablenutrientsandotherrecoverablematerialswithit.__3__Thisisstillbetterthanthesituationinsmallercities.InLatinAmericancountries,thoselivinginsmallandmediumsizedcitiesatmosttreatitintheformofseptictanks(化粪池)thatlackregularandpropermaintenance.Imaginethatoutsideoneofthesesmallcitiesliesalovelypieceofland:onthesurfaceitispleasinglybuiltandprovideshabitatsforlocalwildlife.Beneaththesurfaceisawetlandthattreatswastewaterandproducesenergy.Theenergyproducedsavesfamiliesfromhavingtousefirewoodcollectedinthewild.Thisisnotadreamproject.__4__Ateamofscientistshavebeenlookingintothepotentialnofconstructedwetlandenvironments.Havinganalyzed800examplesofbiomassinmorethan20countries,theyfoundthat,dependingonclimateandthetypeofplantusedintheconstructionofthistypeofwetland,upto45hectaresoflandcouldbeirrigatedwithwastewater.__5__A．Butthatisexactlywhatwedo.B．Thiscanprovideeasyaccesstocleanwater.C．Thereisnolongeranygoodreasontowasteanytypeofwater.D．Aconstructedwetlandenvironmentisalreadyinpracticeonasmallscale.E．Thiswouldreducetheneedforfreshwaterforirrigationandenergyforpumping.F．Ifcollectedandtreatedproperly,itcouldprovide“newwater”，fertilizer,andenergy.G．Althoughwastewatersystemsinlargecitiesareeffective,thewholeprocedureusuallycostsmuch.体裁：说明文　题材：环保　主题：世界水资源【语篇解读】　本文主要介绍了当前世界水资源的现状以及有效利用水资源的方法。1．答案与解析：A　上文说在水资源短缺的大环境下，很多国家不能承担浪费(的后果)，下文说我们用完水后，就直接把水冲走。根据上下文可知，A项“但是那正是我们所做的”与此处匹配，起承上启下作用，故选A。2．答案与解析：F　上文说废水富含碳元素和养分，而F项说如果收集和处理得当，它就能提供“新的水”、肥料和能量，前后形成语义上的衔接，故选F。3．答案与解析：G　下文讲述的是拉丁美洲的中小城市的废水处理系统缺乏常规和合适的维护，而G项提到大城市的废水处理系统有效但成本高，与本段内容吻合，故选G。4．答案与解析：D　上文提到在这些小城市建造湿地环境的设想，下文提到已经有科学家在研究建造的湿地环境的潜力了，由此可知，D项“建造的湿地环境已经在小范围的实践中了”符合语境。5．答案与解析：E　上文讲述的是这种解决方案的另一种好处是人们可以用废水灌溉农田，而E说这可以减少用淡水灌溉的需求及抽水所需的能量，前后语意衔接，故选E。Ⅲ.短文改错[2019·辽宁联考]Lastweekend,afterpayavisittothecityofNewYork,IvisitedtheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumoftheSmithsonianInstitution,whereliesinWashington,D．C.Themuseum,whichcoversaareaof18,000squaremeters,ismadeof24exhibitionhalls.Allkindsofplanes,rockets,missilesandspaceshipofgreatimportanceandvariouslyoldinstrumentsthatfamouspilotsandastronautsusedareondisplay.Inaddition,Iseecopiesofsomesatellitesandaircraft.Moreinterestingly,Itriedoperatingonsomeaircraftbymyself.Duringthevisit,Itooklotsofpicturesaswell.Thisbriefvisithelpedmyselflearnmuchaboutthehistoryofhumanspaceexploration.Itmadememoreinterestinginscienceandtechnology.答案：Lastweekend,afterpaavisittothecityofNewYork,IvisitedtheNationalAirandSpaceMuseumoftheSmithsonianInstitution,wherliesinWashington,D．C.Themuseum,whichcoversareaof18,000squaremeters,ismadeof24exhibitionhalls.Allkindsofplanes,rockets,missilesandspaceshinofgreatimportanceandvariousloldinstrumentsthatfamouspilotsandastronautsusedareondisplay.Inaddition,Isecopiesofsomesatellitesandaircraft.Moreinterestingly,Itriedoperatingsomeaircraftbymyself.Duringthevisit,Itooklotsofpicturesaswell.Thisbriefvisithelpedmysellearnmuchaboutthehistoryofhumanspaceexploration.Itmadememoreinterestininscienceandtechnology.①pay改为paying。考查非谓语动词。根据该句中的介词after可知，该处作介词after的宾语，故用动名词形式。②where改为which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，该句为包含非限制性定语从句的复合句；句中“theNationalAirandSpaceMuseumoftheSmithsonianInstitution”为先行词，关系词指代先行词且在从句中作主语，故用which引导该定语从句。③a改为an。考查不定冠词。area是发音以元音音素开头的单词，故用不定冠词an。④在made后加up。考查固定搭配。bemadeupof为固定搭配，意为“由……组成，由……构成”。此处表示：这个博物馆面积达18000平方米，由24个展厅构成。⑤spaceship改为spaceships。考查名词的单复数。spaceship为可数名词，根据该句中的“Allkindsof”可知，该处应用其复数形式。⑥variously改为various。考查形容词。该词修饰名词instruments，表示“各种各样的老式仪器”，故用形容词形式。⑦see改为saw。考查动词的时态。根据本文首句中的“Lastweekend”可知，本文叙述的是过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时，故将see改为saw。⑧删除operating后的on。考查介词。operate为及物动词，在该处意为“操作”，后面直接跟宾语，故删除介词on。此处表示：更有趣的是，我亲自尝试操作了一些飞行器。⑨myself改为me。考查代词。此处表示：此次短暂的参观帮助我学到了很多人类太空探索的历史。此处作help的宾语，故用me。⑩interesting改为interested。考查形容词。此处表示：这让我对科学技术更感兴趣。由该句中的me可知，该处修饰人，表示“感兴趣的”，故用形容词interested。