2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十一）（含解析）外研版必修4

2020版高考英语总复习高考提能练（二十一）（含解析）外研版必修4

高考提能练(二十一)Module3　BodyLanguageandNonverbalCommunicationⅠ.阅读理解A[2019·昆明调研]Astudyof500,000songsreleased(发行)intheUKbetween1985and2015showedthatpopmusichaddecreasedinhappinessandincreasedinsadness.InareportpublishedinthejournalRoyalSocietyOpenScience,researchersattheUniversityofCaliforniaexaminedhundredsofthousandsofsongsandclassifiedthembytheirmood.“‘Happiness’isgoingdown,‘sadness’isgoingup,andatthesametime,thesongsarebecomingmore‘danceable’andmore‘partylike’，”coauthorNataliaL．KomarovatoldTheAssociatedPress.Thestudyfoundsongsin2014likeStayWithMebySamSmith,WhispersbyPassengerandUnmissablebyGorgonCitytohavea“lowhappiness”trend.However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen,WouldILieToYou?byEurythmicsandFreedombyWham!hada“highhappiness”trend.“Thepublicseemstopreferhappiersongs,eventhoughmoreandmoreunhappysongsarebeingreleasedeachyear，”theresearcherswrote.Apartfromtheemotionaltrends,researchersdiscoveredthatdancesandpopwerethemostsuccessfulstylesofmusicandthattherewasa“cleardownward”trend,withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s.“Soitlookslike,whiletheoverallmoodisbecominglesshappy,peopleseemtowanttoforgetitallanddance，”Komarovawroteinanemail.Itwasalsofoundthatthe“maleness”ofsongs—thefrequencyofmalesingersinpopularmusic—haddecreasedduringthelast30years.“Successfulsongsarecharacterisedbyalargerpercentageoffemaleartistscomparedtoallsongs，”theywrote.Thisdiscoveryappearsatatimewhentheconversationaroundsexequalityinthemusicindustryisatitsheight,withmoremaleartistsandsongwriters.体裁：说明文　题材：音乐文化　主题：流行音乐表意趋势【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了流行音乐表达的情绪的变化趋势。【难句分析】　Apartfromtheemotionaltrends，researchersdiscoveredthatdancesandpopwerethemostsuccessfulstylesofmusicandthattherewasa“cleardownward”trend,withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s.分析：这是一个主从复合句。主语是researchers，谓语动词discovered后面接了两个由and连接的并列宾语从句；Apartfromtheemotionaltrends和withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s为介词短语作状语。译文：除情感上的趋势外，研究者们发现，最成功的音乐风格是舞曲和流行音乐，随着21世纪初摇滚乐的开始流行，它们呈现出一种明显下降的趋势。1．Theresearchersexaminedlotsofsongsto______.A．findsongsfordancesandpartiesB．choosesongsforajournalC．releasemoresongsD．knowbetteraboutsongs答案与解析：D　考查推理判断。文章第二段介绍了加州大学的研究者们调查了成千上万的歌曲并把它们按情绪分类，紧接着得出歌曲分类的结果，可见他们调查歌曲的目的是想对歌曲有更多的了解，故选D。A、C两项曲解文意；B项无中生有。2．Whosemusicstyletendstobringyoumorehappiness?A．NataliaL．Komarova's.B．SamSmith's.nC．GorgonCity's.D．BruceSpringsteen's.答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“However,tracksfrom1984likeGloryDaysbyBruceSpringsteen...hada‘highhappiness’trend”可知D项正确。NataliaL．Komarova为报道的合著者，而非歌手；SamSmith、GorgonCity所演唱的歌曲有让人开心感降低的趋势，故排除。3．Whatdoweknowaboutsongsoverthepastthreedecades?A．Rockbecamepopularintheearly2000s.B．Fewerunhappysongscametolighteveryyear.C．Malesingerswerebetteratperformingpopmusic.D．Femaleartistswerelessskilledinwritingsongs.答案与解析：A　考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“withthepopularityofrockbeginningintheearly2000s”可知，摇滚乐在21世纪初开始流行，故A项正确。其余三个选项的内容均与文意不符。4．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．PopMusicisGettingSadderB．MusicCallsforSexEqualityC．PopMusicHasaLongHistoryD．MusicIndustryIsGoingDown答案与解析：A　考查标题判断。根据文章首段总述及后续段落的描述可知，全文重点介绍了流行音乐正变得越来越伤感，故选A项。B项仅是文章中提到的一个细节；C项不是文章的重点；D项扩大外延，属过度概括，故排除。B[2019·陕西检测二]WheneverIheararecordingofJohnDenversinging“SunshineonMyShoulders”，Ifindmyselfsmiling,drawntoaloveofthesunandtheoutdoorsI'vehadforyearsasaMichigannative.Walkingbarefoottothelake,playingwithoutshirtsinthesunlight,andbreathingfreshairfeelgood.AsadoctorIcantellyoutheyarealsogoodforyourheart.Studieshavefoundhigherratesofhighbloodpressureamongpeoplewiththelowestsunexposure.Onereasonmaybeduetonitricoxide(一氧化氮),agaswhosefunctionisactivatedwhenyourskinisexposedtothesun'srays.Itreducesbothheartattackandstrokerisks.VitaminD,whichsunlighthelpsyourbodyproduce,isalsolinkedtobetterhealth.Sowalkoutdoorsfor15to30minutesdaily.InJapan,walkingthroughforeststokeephealthyhasbecomeapopularpractice.Apparentlytheywanttoenjoythefreshair.Butresearchon280volunteersfoundthatpeoplehadareducedheartrate,andlowerbloodpressurewhentheywalkedthroughaforestthanwhentheyspenttimeinanurbanarea.Oneoftheconsequencesofmodernsocietyisthatrarelyisourbodyindirectcontactwiththeground.Theearthhasanelectricalcurrent.Directcontactwithitmaybestabilizingforceforgoodhealth.Although“earthing”or“grounding”isconsideredalternativebymainstreammedicine,researchshowsthatthepracticeseemstobeabletoreduceheartdiseaserisks.So,walkaroundbarefootwhereverpossible,letyourbackyardgrasstickleyourfeet,anddigyourtoesintosandybeaches.体裁：议论文　题材：健康　主题：户外运动有益心脏【语篇解读】　本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。【难句分析】　Onereasonmaybeduetonitricoxide(一氧化氮),agaswhosefunctionisactivatedwhenyourskinisexposedtothesun'srays.分析：本句包含whose引导的定语从句，修饰先行词agas；when引导时间状语从句。译文：原因之一可能是当你的皮肤暴露在阳光下时，一氧化氮的功能被激活。n5．Thefirstparagraphismeantto________.A．showtheauthorlikesthesongverymuchB．putforwardtheargumentofthepassageC．suggestthattheauthorlovesnaturecrazilyD．indicatetheauthorisaMichigannative答案与解析：B　考查推理判断。根据第一段“WheneverIheararecordingofJohnDenversinging‘SunshineonMyShoulders’，Ifindmyselfsmiling,drawntoaloveofthesunandtheoutdoorsI'vehadforyearsasaMichigannative.Walkingbarefoottothelake,playingwithoutshirtsinthesunlight,andbreathingfreshairfeelgood.AsadoctorIcantellyoutheyarealsogoodforyourheart”的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是为了提出文章的论点。6．Sunbathing'sgoodforheartbecause________.A．thesun'sraysmakenitricoxideworkB．sunlightcanhelppeoplekeepwarmC．thesun'srayscanhelpreplacevitaminDD．vitaminDreducesbloodcirculation答案与解析：A　考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Onereasonmaybeduetonitricoxide(一氧化氮),agaswhosefunctionisactivatedwhenyourskinisexposedtothesun'srays.Itreducesbothheartattackandstrokerisks”的描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。7．It'sbelievedthatwalkingthroughforestscan________.A．makepeoplepopularB．helpbreatheinfreshairC．reducebloodpressureD．helpescapenoisycities答案与解析：C　考查细节理解。根据第三段第三句“Butresearchon280volunteersfoundthatpeoplehadareducedheartrate,andlowerbloodpressurewhentheywalkedthroughaforestthanwhentheyspenttimeinanurbanarea”的描述可知，人们普遍认为穿过森林可以降低血压。8．Thebesttitleofthepassageshouldbe________.A．NitricOxideHasMagicFunctionsB．WalkingBarefootBuildstheBodyC．SunbathingisGoodforHealthD．OutdoorActivitiesBenefittheHeart答案与解析：D　考查主旨大意。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walkingbarefoot...foryourheart”及最后一段“So,walkaroundbarefootwhereverpossible,letyourbackyardgrasstickleyourfeet,anddigyourtoesintosandybeaches”可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。Ⅱ.七选五[2019·江西名校联盟检测]Beingastudent,especiallyinthelateryearsofhighschoolandthecollegeyears,canbeatimewhenyouarefinallygiventheindependencethatyoudesired.Meanwhile,youhaven'tlearnedexactlyhowtomanageyourlifebetweentheeducationalandpersonaldevelopment.Thensettingyourplansandtimesortedoutisvitaltoyoursuccess.__1__NoSkippingExpertsatAssignmentMasterscannotstressenoughjusthowimportantitisthatyoudonotskipanyofyourclasses.Therewillalwaysbevitalinformationgivenoutineveryclassthatcouldbethekeytounlockingtheideaforyourfinalproject.__2__CalendarBuyacalendarandmakenotesofeverysingledeadlineandclassthatyouhave.n__3__Oneoftheworstthingsthatcouldhappenisforyoutocompleteanassignmentbuthanditinadaytoolate.TechnologyBalance__4__Theyarethenumberonereasonfordelayamongstudents.Trainingyourselftostayawayfromthemwhenyouarewritingyourassignmentscanbereallybeneficial.Don'tOverCommitThemixtureofpersonalandprofessionallifeatcollegecansometimesbechallenging.__5__However,itisimportanttotrynottoovercommittoactivitiesoneitherside.Alwaysleavetimeattheendofadaytoreviewyourstudiessoyoucangointothenextday'sclassesreadyandprepared.A．Balancingthesetwoaspectscanbetough.B．Youshouldalwaysbereadyandpresent.C．Butwhyselfmanagementissovitalforyoursuccess?D．Herearesomebestselfmanagementtipsonhowtoarrangeyourself.E.Keepabalancebetweenstudyandrestduringtheseeducationalyears.F.Trytobalanceoutyouruseofcertaintechnologyandsocialmediaplatforms.G.Thiswayyouwillbeontopoftheplacesandwhattimesyouhavetobethere.体裁：说明文　题材：学习　主题：平衡学习与生活【解题导语】　本文就高中后期和大学期间学生如何平衡学习和生活提出了几条建议。1．答案与解析：D　根据下文内容，尤其是从各个段落的小标题可知，下文主要介绍了如何平衡学习和生活从而进行自我管理的建议。D项“Herearesomebestselfmanagementtipsonhowtoarrangeyourself”符合语境，起承上启下的作用。【易错分析】　C项很容易误选，因为它与上文衔接得非常紧密，但是通读下文内容可知，下文并非解释原因，而是提供策略，故C项不可以入选。2．答案与解析：B　根据该段的小标题NoSkipping以及本段中提到的按时上课的重要性可知，B项“Youshouldalwaysbereadyandpresent”最符合语境，起到概括总结的作用，其中present与小标题NoSkipping也相呼应。3．答案与解析：G　根据该段中的祈使句“Buyacalendarandmakenotesofeverysingledeadlineandclassthatyouhave”可推知，接下来会说明买日历并为一些事件做标记的好处，故G项符合语境。4．答案与解析：F　根据该段的小标题TechnologyBalance以及下文内容可知，本段主要在讲花费在科技产品上的时间要合理得当，故F项符合语境。5．答案与解析：A　根据空前一句的内容和空后一句中的However可知，空处应指平衡这两方面是很困难的，起承上启下的作用，故选A项。Ⅲ.短文改错[2019·合肥市高三调研]OurclassorganizedvisittotheJoyNursingHome,thatisnexttoourschool,lastSunday.Onourarrival,webegintohelptheseniorpeopledothecleaning.Afterthat,someofmyclassmateputoninterestingperformances,butthenweplayedgameswiththem.Allofthemwereamusingandlaughedhappily.Weweresuchlostintheactivitiesthatweforgotthetime.Atnoon,wewereallhadtosaygoodbyetothem.Andtheywereextremegratefultousfortheirvisit.答案：OurclassorganizedvisittotheJoyNursingHome,isnexttoourschool,lastSunday.Onourarrival,wetohelptheseniorpeopledothecleaning.Afterthat,someofmyputoninterestingperformances,thenweplayedgameswiththem.Allofthemwereamusinandlaughedhappily.nWewerelostintheactivitiesthatweforgotthetime.Atnoon,weallhadtosaygoodbyetothem.Andtheyweregratefultousforvisit.①organized后加a。考查冠词。visit是可数名词，在此处表示泛指且visit的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。②that改为which。考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，应用which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰先行词theJoyNursingHome，表示物的概念。③begin改为began。考查动词的时态。由上文中的lastSunday可知，事情发生在过去，故用一般过去时。④classmate改为classmates。考查名词单复数。由句中的someofmy可知，此处表示复数的概念，故用classmates。⑤but改为and。考查连词。根据语境可知，此处前后为逻辑上的顺承关系，而非转折关系，故用连词and。⑥amusing改为amused。考查形容词。amused意为“感到有趣的”，一般形容人，而amusing意为“逗人发笑的”，一般修饰物。故把amusing改为amused。⑦such改为so。考查副词。so/such...that...意为“如此……以致于”，so修饰形容词、副词或者动词，而such修饰名词。此处修饰lost，故用副词so。⑧删除were。考查动词的语态。根据语境可知，本句已有谓语动词had，且表示主动语态，而非被动语态，故删除were。⑨extreme改为extremely。考查副词。修饰形容词的词一般为副词，故用副词extremely修饰形容词grateful，在句中作状语。⑩their改为our。考查代词。由句中的us可知，此处表示“我们的”，故应用形容词性物主代词our作定语。