2020版高考英语第一部分语言知识unit1theworldofoursenses能力提升题组训练（a）牛津译林版

2020版高考英语第一部分语言知识unit1theworldofoursenses能力提升题组训练（a）牛津译林版

Unit1　Theworldofoursenses能力提升题组训练(A)Ⅰ.阅读理解(2018北京海淀区高三二模)WhyDoPeopleBlinkTheirEyes?Peopleblink(眨眼)theireyestensofthousandsoftimeseveryday.Scientistshavelongbelievedblinkingwasaninvoluntarymovementandservedmainlytokeeptheeyeballswet.Butanewstudysuggestsithasamoreimportantpurpose.AninternationalteamofscientistsfromtheUniversityofCaliforniaatBerkeleystudiedtheblinkingofhumaneyelids.ThejournalCurrentBiologypublishedtheirfindings.Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatweareseeing.Theysaidthatwhenweblinkoureyelids,theeyesrollbackintotheirsockets—thebonyareathatsurroundsandprotectstheeyes.However,theresearchersfoundtheeyesdon’talwaysreturntothesameposition.Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.GerritMausistheleadwriterofthereport.HeservesasanassistantprofessorofpsychologyatNanyangTechnologicalUniversityinSingapore.Maussaid,“Oureyemusclesarequitesluggish(迟缓的)andimprecise,sothebrainneedstoconstantlyadaptitsmotorsignalstomakesureoureyesarepointingwherethey’resupposedto.Ourfindingssuggestedthatthebrainmeasuresthedifferenceinwhatweseebeforeandafterablink,andcommandstheeyemusclestomaketheneededcorrections.”Theresearcherssaidthatwithoutsuchcorrectionsoursurroundingswouldappearunclearandevenjumpy.Theysaidthemovementacts“likeasteadicam(摄影机稳定器)ofthemind.”Theresearcherssaidtheyaskedvolunteerstositinadarkroomwhilestaringatasmalldotonaflatsurface.Theyusedspecialcamerastofollowthevolunteers’blinksandeyemovements.Aftereachblink,thedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemovementnanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.Afterthedotwasmovedinthisway30times,thevolunteers’eyeschangedtheirfocustotheplacewheretheypredicteditwouldbe.ProfessorMaussaid,“Eventhoughparticipantsdidnotconsciouslyregisterthatthedothadmoved,theirbrainsdid,andadjustedwiththecorrectiveeyemovements.Thesefindingsaddtoourunderstandingofhowthebrainconstantlyadaptstochanges,commandingoureyemusclestocorrectforerrorsinourbodies’ownhardware.”1.Accordingtothenewstudy,blinkingeyescan　　　. A.servetokeeptheeyeballswetB.repositioneyeballstostayfocusedC.consciouslycorrecteyemovementsD.makeoureyesadapttomotorsignals2.Fromtheexperiment,wecanlearnthat　　　. A.volunteerscouldseethemovingdotwithspecialcamerasB.theeyeballscouldstayintheplaceastheywerepredictedC.participantswereawareofthedot’smovementstotherightD.thebraincommandedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot3.Theunderlinedword“register”inParagraph5probablymeans　　　. A.realizeB.refocusC.reserveD.reason4.Thispassageshowsthat　　　. A.eyemusclesarequiteinactiveandimpreciseB.theresearchisofgreatvalueintheeyemovementC.thebrainplaysanimportantroleinseeingthingsclearlyD.volunteerscontroltheirblinkstofollowthechangesofthedot语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。科学家们认为眼球的不断闪烁有一个更重要的用途——让我们可以保持眼神的集中。答案及剖析:1.B　细节理解题。根据Theteamsaidtheyfoundthatblinking“repositionsoureyeballssowecanstayfocused”onwhatweareseeing...Theysaidthiscausesthebraintotelltheeyemusclestoreorganizeoureyesight.可知,眨眼睛是在复位我们的眼球,这样我们可以专注于我们所看到的。故选B。n2.D　细节理解题。根据Aftereachblink,thedotwasmovedonecentimetertotheright.Thevolunteersdidnotnoticethis,butthebraindid.Itfollowedthemovementanddirectedtheeyemusclestorefocusonthedot.可知,是我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,使得眼球重新聚焦在点上。故选D3.A　词义猜测题。本句句意为“即使参与者没有意识到点的移动,但是他们的大脑意识到了,并调整矫正眼球随之运动。”故选A。4.C　主旨大意题。由全文内容可知,我们的大脑指挥着眼部肌肉,通过眨眼睛的动作复位我们的眼球,使得眼球重新聚焦在我们看的物体上。所以,大脑在我们看清物体方面起着重要作用。故选C。Ⅱ.七选五(2018安徽合肥联考)Anewreportsaysplasticsareresponsiblefor$13billionindamagetotheoceansandtheunderseaenvironment.ThefindingswereannouncedrecentlyataUnitedNationsconference.1.　　 Plasticthrownawaycarelesslymakesitswayintoriversandotherwaterways.2.　　　Afterawhile,itcollectsinthesea.Andplasticnevergoesaway.Plasticisnotbiodegradable—destroyedbybacteriaornaturalprocesses.Instead,itjustbreaksupintosmallerpiecesovertime.Theoceanscontainalotofchemicalsandotherpollutants(污染物).3.　　　Thatmeansharmfulmaterialmaygetintoourfoodsupply. 4.　　　Humanbeingscausepollutionandtheycantakestepstostopit.Theycanusefewersingle-useproductcontainersandthrowplasticsawaycorrectly.Plasticrecyclingprogramsalsowork—whereoldbottlesandotherplasticsarecollected,brokendownandusedtomakenewproducts.Wecouldreusebottlesinourhouseholdsmanytimesifwewishto,ratherthanenditafterthefirstuse.Wecould,whenwegetridofthatplastic,recycleitandreuseit,whichreplacestheneedforrawmaterials. Thereportalsocallsoncompaniestoimprovemethodsforusingplastics.5.　　　Anditcallsforinformationaboutthewayplasticisthrownoutorremovedfromuse.Byputtinganewvalueonplastic,industryhasaspecialreasontocleannuptheenvironment. Butallofthecompaniesmustjointodealwiththeproblem.A.Then,fishmayeattheplastics.B.Butpeoplecanmakeabigdifference.C.Plasticsshouldbegatheredtogetherandreused.D.Itisconvenienttouseplasticbagsineverydaylife.E.Itasksforthemtobettermeasureandcontrolplasticuse.F.Theplasticeventuallyreachescoastalareasandoceanwaters.G.Thereporttellsaboutharmtosealifeandwhatmightbedonetoimprovethesituation.答案:1-5　GFABEⅢ.完形填空Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?School?Afriend?Atutor?Theseareall　1　placesoflearning.Butitmaywellbethatthelearningyoureallywant　2　somewhereelseinstead.Ihadthe　3　ofseeingthisfirsthandona　4　. Mydaughterplaysonarecreationalsoccerteam.Theydidverywellthisseasonandso　5　atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams.Thisledtosome　6　experiencesonSaturdayastheyplayedagainstteams　7　trained.Throughthefirsttwogames,her　8　didnotgetoneseriousshotongoal.Asaparent,I　9　seeingmydaughterplayingherbest,　10　stilldefeated. Itseemedthatsomethingclickedwiththe　11　betweenSaturdayandSunday.Whenthey　12　fortheirSundaygame,theywere　13　different.Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhad　14　thedaybeforeintotheir　15　.Theyplayedaggressivelyand　16　scoredagoal. It　17　methatplayingagainsttheotherteamwasagreat　18　momentforallthegirlsontheteam.Ithinkitisageneralprinciple.　19　isthebestteacher.Thelessonstheylearnedmaynotbe　20　whattheywouldhavegotteninschool,butarecertainlymorepersonalandmeaningful,becausetheyhadtoworkthemoutontheirown. 1.A.publicB.traditionalC.officialD.specialn2.A.passesB.worksC.liesD.ends3.A.dreamB.ideaC.habitD.chance4.A.tripB.holidayC.weekendD.square5.A.wonB.enteredC.organizedD.watched6.A.painfulB.strangeC.commonD.practical7.A.lessB.poorlyC.newlyD.better8.A.fansB.tutorsC.classD.team9.A.imaginedB.hatedC.avoidedD.missed10.A.ifB.orC.butD.as11.A.girlsB.parentsC.coachesD.viewers12.A.dressedB.showedupC.madeupD.planned13.A.slightlyB.hardlyC.basicallyD.completely14.A.seenB.knownC.heardD.read15.A.stylesB.trainingC.gameD.rules16.A.evenB.stillC.seldomD.again17.A.confusedB.struckC.remindedD.warned18.A.touchingB.thinkingC.encouragingD.learning19.A.ExperienceB.IndependenceC.CuriosityD.Interest20.A.harmfultoB.mixedwithC.differentfromD.appliedto语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。作者的女儿所在的足球队在和训练有素的对手比赛时前两场输了,但是这些女孩子把比赛的经验融合到了第二天的比赛中,终于得分了。作者由此得出了“经验是最好的老师”的结论。答案及剖析:1.B　空格前的“School?Afriend?Atutor?”所指的都是传统的(traditional)我们可以求教的地方。public公共的;official官方的;special特殊的。2.C　根据空格后面的somewhereelseinstead可知,该句意思是“但很可能你真正想要学习的却在(lies)其他某个地方”。pass经过;work工作;end结束。3.D　结合空格后面的seeingthisfirsthand可知,作者有机会(chance)亲眼看到这样的事情。dream梦想;idea想法;habit习惯。4.C　根据下文中的Saturday和betweenSaturdayandnSunday这些信息可知,她们踢球的时间是周末(weekend)。trip旅游,holiday假日,square广场,均不能在文中找到与之相关的信息。5.B　根据空格后面的atournament,whichnormallywasonlyformoreskilledclubteams可知,一般来说只有技术更好的俱乐部球队才能参加(entered)锦标赛。win赢;organize组织;watch观看。6.A　结合上下文可知,她们周末对抗的球队是一些受过更好训练的强队,因此这给她们带来的肯定是一些痛苦的(painful)经历。strange奇怪的,common普通的,practical实际的,均与语境不符。7.D　根据上文提到的moreskilledclubteams可知,这些参加锦标赛的球队都是经过更好(better)训练的球队。less更少,poorly糟糕地,二者意思与语境相反;newly最近,新近,与语境不符。8.D　由空格所在句中的games(比赛)及shot(射门)可知,此处是指她的球队(team)表现不佳。fan迷,狂热爱好者;tutor导师;class班级。9.B　根据下文的playingherbest...stilldefeated可知,作者不愿意(hated)看到女儿尽力踢球但却仍然被打败的情景。hatedoingsth.厌恶做某事。imagine想象,avoid避免,miss错过,均与语境不符。10.C　根据前面的playingherbest和后面的defeated可知,女儿虽然尽力了,但还是被打败了。前后是一种转折关系,故选but。11.A　读文章可知这是一支女子足球队,因此这里指那些女孩子(girls)。parent父亲(或母亲);coach教练;viewer观众。12.B　结合空格后面的fortheirSundaygame我们知道,这是她们在周日比赛露面(showedup)的时候。dress穿(衣服);makeup编造;plan计划。13.D　结合语境,尤其是上文中的...somethingclickedwiththe...可知,好像这些女孩子们突然领悟到了什么,这次露面时,她们完全(completely)不一样了。slightly稍微,hardly几乎不,basically基本地,均与语境不符。14.A　结合语境Theyhadbeguntointegrate(融合)thekindsofplayandteamworktheyhad　　　thedaybefore...我们知道,作者女儿的这个队把昨天她们看到(seen)的融合到今天的比赛中来了,而不是know“知道”,hear“听到”或read“读”。 15.C　根据上文提到的theirSundaygame我们知道,她们把从对方那里学到的打法和团队合作精神融合到今天的比赛(game)中来。style风格;training训练;rule规则。n16.A　结合空格前的Theyplayedaggressively...可知,她们富有攻击性地踢球,甚至(even)得分了。still仍然,seldom很少,again又,再,均与语境不符。17.B　Itstrikes/strucksb.that...“某人突然想起……”,是固定句式,it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的从句。这里的strike可以换成hit或occurto。confuse使困惑,remind提醒,warn警告,均与语境不符。18.D　根据文章首句Wheredoyougowhenyouwanttolearnsomething?可知,本文谈论的主要是学习,作者认为和训练有素的对手进行比赛是这些女孩子们学习(learning)的良机,以此紧扣文章主题。touching感人的,thinking有思考力的,encouraging鼓舞人心的,均与语境不符。19.A　通读全文可知,作者认为和训练有素的对手比赛的经验(experience)是最好的老师。因此选项A正确。20.C　句意为“她们学到的经验可能与在学校得到的并无区别(differentfrom),但一定更加个性化,更有意义,因为她们必须靠自己来弄清楚”。beharmfulto对……有害;bemixedwith与……混合;beappliedto应用于。