2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32robots（含解析）新人教版

2020版高考英语一轮复习课时提能练32robots（含解析）新人教版

课时提能练(三十二)Ⅰ.阅读理解OnFebruary6，SpaceX，aprivateUSaerospacecompanyownedbyElonMusk，hassuccessfullylauncheditsnewFalconHeavyspacecraft，makingittheworld'smostpowerfulrocket.FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincetheretirementofNASA'sSaturnV，whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s.“FalconHeavycanlaunchabout64tonnesintolowEarthorbit—that'salmostthreetimesmorethanthecurrentrunningbiggestlaunchvehicle，DeltaIVHeavy，”ImperialCollegeLondonastrophysicistDavidClementstoldA1Jazeera.AccordingtoSpaceX，FalconHeavycanliftintoorbitamassgreaterthana737jetloadedwithpassengers，crew，luggageandfuel.TherocketwasdesignedwiththeideaofcarryinghumansintospaceandopeningthepossibilityofflyingmissionswithpeopletotheMoonandevenMars.Foritsfirstvoyage，itcarriedMusk's$100，000cherryredTeslaspotscarandafakespacesuitedhumanmodelfixedinthedriver'sseat.Muskjokedthat“itmaybediscoveredbysomefuturealienrace”．FalconHeavywentintospaceonitstestflightonFebruary6.ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida，thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches.Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere.Minutesaftertakeoff，thetwoouterboosters(助推器)landedatthenearbyCapeCanaveralAirForceStation.SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However，Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem，theBFR.Recently，SpaceXplannedtolaunchaFalcon9rocketforNASA'sTESSmissiononMarch20，2018.ItisreportedthatSpaceXplannedtocomplete30independentlaunchmissionsin2018，atleasthalfofwhichwilluseFalcon9.【语篇解读】　2月6日，SpaceX公司的宇宙飞船FalconHeavy成功发射，它是当前最大的运载火箭。1．Whichofthefollowingcanfunctionasarocket?A．A737jet.　　　　B．Tesla.C．SaturnV.D．SpaceX.C　[细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“FalconHeavyisthelargestrocketsincethenretirementofNASA'sSaturnV，whichwasusedfortheMoonmissionsinthe1970s”可知，自20世纪70年代用于月球任务的美国航空航天局的SaturnV退役以来，FalconHeavy是当前最大的运载火箭；据此可知，美国航空航天局的SaturnV是运载火箭，故C项正确。]2．WhatdoweknowaboutFalconHeavyfromthetext?A．Itisthelargestrocketintheworld.B．Itisofthesameloadasa737jet.C．Itistobefoundbythecreaturesintheouterspace.D．ItwaslaunchedatthesameplacefortheApollo11mission.D　[细节理解题。根据第四段第二句“ThelaunchtookplaceatNASA'sCapeCanaveralAirForceStationandKennedySpaceCenterintheUSstateofFlorida，thespotalsousedfortheApollo11Moonmissionandseveralspaceshuttlelaunches”可知，发射地是在美国航空航天局的CapeCanaveralAirForceStation和美国佛罗里达州KennedySpaceCenter，该地也用于阿波罗11号登月任务和几个航天飞机的发射。故D项正确。]3．WhatdelayedthelaunchofFalconHeavy?A．Weatherconditions.B．Programerror.C．Equipmentfailure.D．Deliberatedamage.A　[细节理解题。根据第四段第三句“Itwasdelayedbyseveralhoursbecauseofhighwindsintheupperatmosphere”可知，由于高层大气的强风，发射被推迟了几个小时。据此可知，由于气候条件的原因导致发射推迟，故A项正确。]4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．TheBFRwillbecompletedin2018.B．Themissiontolaunchspacetouristsisunknown.C．TouristswillbesentintospacebyFalcon9.D．Falcon9willtake15launchmissionsB　[推理判断题。根据第五段第一、二句“SpaceXannouncedplanstoeventuallyuseFalconHeavytolaunchtwopayingspacetouristsonatriparoundtheMoon.However，Musksaidhewillprobablyreservethatmissionforanotherlaunchsystem，theBFR”可知，SpaceX宣布计划最终使用FalconHeavy搭载两名旅客，围绕月球进行太空旅行。不过，Musk表示，这一计划他很可能会保留给另一个发射系统——BFR。据此可以判断，围绕月球进行太空旅行还未知，故B项正确。]Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2019·山西八校联考)Havingsuccessandbeingabletomeetone'sgoalsrequiresnmanythings：knowledge，asenseofdirection，hardwork，luck，connectionsandperhapsastrongbeliefinyourself.Weaccomplishourgoalsonestepatatime，doingalittleeachday.__1__1．Getupanhourearly.Peoplewhogetupearlyinthemorninghaveajumpontheday.__2__Andsomestudiesshowthatthewillpowerandattentionarestrongestinthemorning.Infact，themorningmaybethemostproductivepartofyourday.2．Drinkaglassofwaterwithlemonjuice.Whileyourcoffeeisbeingpreparedorwaitingforthewatertoheatup，drinkaglassofwaterwithlemonjuice.Why？Healthexpertssaythatdrinkingacombinationoflemonjuiceandwaterfirstinthemorningjumpstartsthebody'smetabolism(新陈代谢)．3．Exercise!__3__Exercisinginthemorningmaynotbeforeveryone.Somepeopleliketoexerciseafterworkoratnight.Physicalfitnessexpertsandtrainersoftensuggestsomeformofexerciseinthemorningbecausethemiddleofthedayisabusytimeformostpeople.Bytheday'send，youmaynothavethetimeorenergytoexercise.4．__4__Taketimeattheendofthedaytothinkbackonallthethingsthathavehappened.__5__Andspendalittletimethinkingabouttomorrow.Itmayhelpyoutoprepareifyoutakeafewminutestothinkaboutwhatyouneedtodothenextday.A．Makeaplanfortomorrow.B．Forstarters，theyareawake!C．Thinkaboutyourdayatnight.D．Somepeoplemaydisagreewiththisone.E．Sousingyourdayeffectivelyisimportant.F．Givethankstowonderfulthings，ifyouwant.G．Well，don't，asitisagreatwaytoforgetaboutthedayahead.【语篇解读】　本文是篇说明文。文章向读者介绍了有效利用每一天的四个习惯。1．E　[从空前一句和下文中的四个建议可知，本空承上启下，E项符合语境，E项中的“usingyourdayeffectively”是关键信息。]2．B　[根据空处所在段的小标题“Getupanhourearly”并结合选项可知，B项符合语境。]n3．D　[根据该段小标题和空处后两句内容可知，有些人可能是不同意早上锻炼的，故选D项。]4．C　[由本段内容特别是第一句可知，本段主要讲的是一天结束时要进行思考，故选C项。]5．F　[本空前一句内容是回顾一天发生的事情，故可推知空处应指回顾过后可对美好的事情表达一下感谢，故选F项。]【易错分析】　本题的干扰项是G项，G项意思是“噢，不要这样做，因为这是一个提前忘记这一天的很好的方法”，但它与空后的“Andspendalittletimethinkingabouttomorrow”连贯不起来，逻辑不通，故排除。Ⅲ.语法填空(2019·沈阳质检)Chinahasonceagainshoweditsabilitytochangetheworldwithits“fourgreatnew1.________(invent)”—highspeedrail，electronicpayment，sharedbicycle，andonlineshopping.China'snewgenerationhighspeedtrain，theFuxingHao，isnowoneofthe2.________(fast)trainsintheworld，whichcantravelataspeedof350km/h.Besideshighspeedrail，China3.________(improve)people'slivesinmanyotherinnovativewaysoverthelastdecade.Bikesharing，forexample，isnotnewitself.ButChinahasmade4.________muchmoreconvenientandpopularbothinChina5.________overseas.TheleadingChinesebikesharingcompaniesMobikeandofoarenowoperatinginforeigncountriessuchasSingaporeandBritain.AndbackinChina，whenridingasharedbike，youcanstop6.________(buy)andeatwhateveryouwant7.________(simple)withataponyourphone.Youcouldeasilypaywithyoursmartphoneby8.________(scan)theseller'sQRcode.Cashlesspaymenthasgrownintoa9.________(choose)forChinesepeople—evenapancakesellerisusingAlipay.Besides，thefourinnovativewaysoflifearemostappealing10.________youthsfrom20countriesparticipatingintheBeltandRoadInitiative，andtheywishtheircountrieswouldemulateChinaintermsoftechnologicalachievements.【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国“新四大发明”。1．inventions　[考查名词和名词的数。前面有fourgreatnew修饰，故用该词对应的名词的复数形式，故填inventions。]2．fastest　[考查形容词的最高级。根据后面的比较范围intheworld可知，这里应用最高级形式。]n3．hasimproved　[考查时态。overthelastdecade表示“在过去十年”，常和现在完成时连用，主语是China，故用hasimproved。]4．it　[考查代词。这里it指代前面的Bikesharing，充当动词made的宾语。]5．and　[考查固定搭配。both...and...表示“两者都……”。]6．tobuy　[考查非谓语动词。stoptodosth.表示“停下来去做另一件事”，这里表示停下共享单车去买东西吃，故用不定式充当宾语。stopdoingsth.表示“停止做某事”。]7．simply　[考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰with介词短语，故用所给词的副词形式。]8．scanning　[考查非谓语动词。介词by后面的宾语是动词，故用动名词形式。]9．choice　[考查名词。冠词a后面用所给动词的名词形式。]10．to　[考查固定搭配。beappealingto表示“对……有吸引力”。]Ⅳ.短文改错(2019·东北三省四市联考)Iwasoftentroubledbylackofconfidences.SoIappliedforajobatanexhibitionasreporterlastterm.Theexhibitionwasheldannualtodisplaythelatestproductsinthefieldofeducation.Atthattime，Iwasresponsibleforinterviewparentswhoboughtthelearningtools.Whiletalkingwithhim，IfounditwasnotsohardasIthink.Oneladyevenpraisedmebutaskedhersontolearnfromme.Irealizedtheexperiencewasingreatvalueandnothingwasmoreexcitedthancommunicatingwithpeople.Fromthisexperience，Iamfullyawarethatweshouldtakerealactionifourpersonalitythatneedsimproving.【答案】　Iwasoftentroubledbylackof.SoIappliedforajobatanexhibitionasreporterlastterm.Theexhibitionwasheldtodisplaythelatestproductsinthefieldofeducation.Atthattime，Iwasresponsibleforparentswhoboughtthelearningtools.Whiletalkingwith，IfounditwasnotsohardasI.Oneladyevenpraisedmeaskedhersontolearnfromme.Irealizedtheexperiencewasgreatvalueandnothingwasmorethancommunicatingwithpeople.nFromthisexperience，Iamfullyawarethatweshouldtakerealactionifourpersonalityneedsimproving.