2020届高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题集训8含解析

2020届高考英语一轮复习语法填空专题集训8含解析

语法填空专题集训（8）1、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。   Adversity(逆境)canbeatyoudown,butprobablyitalsohastheabilitytomakeyoustronger.Theimpactandultimateresultdependon ①___________youdowiththedifficultiesthatcomeinyourway.   Beethovencomposedoneofhis②___________(great)worksaftergoingdeaf.SirWalterRaleighwroteTheHistoryoftheWorldduringhisthirteen-yearimprisonment.HadColumbusturnedback,noonecould③___________(blame)him.Ofcourse,noonewouldhaveremembered④___________,either.AbrahamLincolnmadegreatachievementsbyhis displayofwisdomduringtheAmericanCivilWar.   Eventually,consideramorerecentexample.Forsixteenyears,Dr.MaryGroda-Lewishadadifficulttime⑤___________(study)thewrittenwordsonaccountofalearningdisorder.She⑥___________(put)inprisonontwodifferentoccasionsandalmostdiedofastrokewhenbearingachild.⑦___________(commit)togoingtocollege,shedidavarietyofoddjobstosavemoney.Whengraduatingfromhighschoolateighteen,shewasconsideredasanoutstandingstudentandfinallyenteredcollege⑧___________(success).Determinedtobecomeadoctor,shereceivedmany⑨___________(rejection)ofthemedicalschoolsbeforeAlbanyMedicalCollegefinallyacceptedher.In1984,Dr.MaryGroda-Lewis, ⑩___________wasthirty-fiveyearsoldthen,graduatedwithhonorsandrealizedherdream.2、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。    Amanwasreallyworriedabouthisson,①__________wassixteenyearsoldbuthadnocourageatall.SothefatherdecidedtocallonaBuddhistmonk②__________(train)hischild.   TheBuddhistmonksaidtotheboy’sfather,“Youshouldleaveyoursontome.Iwillmakehimamanof③__________(brave)withinthreemonths.However,youcan’tcometoseehimduringthatperiod.”n   Threemonthslater,theboy’sfatherreturned.TheBuddhistmonkarrangedaboxingmatchbetweenthechildanda(n)④__________(profession)boxer(拳击手).   Eachtimetheboxerhittheboy,hefelldown,butatoncetheboystoodup.Severaltimeslater,theBuddhistmonkasked,“⑤__________doyouthinkofyourchild?”    “What⑥__________shame!”theboy’sfathersaid."Ineverthoughthecouldbeso⑦__________(easy)knockeddown.Ishouldn’thavelefthimhereatall.”   “I’msorrythat'sallyousee.Don’tyousee⑧__________eachtimehefallsdown,hestandsupagaininsteadof⑨__________(cry)?That'sthekindofcourageyouwantedhimtohave.”    Ifeachtimeyouareknockeddownandyouhavethecouragetostandupagain,thenyoucanbeproud⑩__________yourself.3、阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。Howmuchattentiondoyoupaytowhatyouputinyourbody,inotherwords,food?Aswegetolder,westarttothinkaboutthismoreandmore.Maybeyouhavestartedmakingmoreofyourowneating①.________(choice)orevenpreparingyourownmeals.Maybeyouhavejustbecomeextraawareofhowfoodaffectsyouinsideandout.You②.________(be)notalone!Jessica,12,says,“IfIhadanotherchance,Iwouldchoosetoeat③.________(little)junkfoodandmorehealthyfoods.Iwouldalsotreat④.________(I)tocandiesonlyonceaweek.”Melissa,11,writesthatshewouldliketochange⑤.________muchsheeatsfordinner.“Ialwayseat2or3servingsfordinner,”shesays.Itisnotmuchfundenying(拒绝)ourselvessomething⑥.________wewanttoeat.Ontheotherhand,eatinglotsofjunkfoodandsweetscanmakeusfeelalittle⑦.________(happy)andmaybeguilty(内疚的),becausewehavenotbeengood⑧________ourbodies.Remember:Thisisnotaguidetolosingweight!Ifyoufeelyouareoverweight,ntalktoaparent,doctororschoolnurseaboutwhetheryou⑨.________(real)needtolosesomepoundsandfindasafeway⑩.________(do)it.4、阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。Elias’StoryElias,apoorworkerinSouthAfrica,saidthatthetime1hefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952,hewenttoseeNelsonMandela,ablacklawyerforadvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime,for2Eliaswasverygrateful.Hebeganschoolatsix,buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3hisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.4aresult,hehadverylittleeducation.After5(try)hard,hegotajobinagoldmine.However,toliveinJohannesburg,onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingone,becausehewasnotbornthere,heworriedabout6hewouldbecomeoutofwork.ThenMandelahelpedhim,tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit,theblacksweresobadlytreatedthattheyhadreachedastage9theyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963,hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonlybyansweringviolence10violencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.5、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。   Ionceworkedasasportseditorforasmallnewspaper.Inevergotaletterfrommyreaders,soIwasstressedwhentherewasanenvelopeonmydeskonemorning.   WhenIopenedit,Ifoundanote,①__________ read,“Youdidagoodjob,youngman.②__________(congratulate)toyou!”n   Thenote③__________(write)byJohnSmith,afamoussportseditor.AsIwasagreenhand,hiswordsmademe④__________(excite).Afterthat,Ikeptthenoteinmydesk.WhenIwondered ⑤__________ Ihadtheabilitytobeagoodeditor,IwouldreadJohn'snoteandbecome⑥__________(confidence)again.   Later,IlearnedthatMrSmithoftenwrotenotes⑦__________(encourage)youngpeopleindifferentfields.“WhenImakeothershappy,Ifeelhappy,too,”hesaid.   Sowhenyoufindanyonearound⑧__________(need)help,pleasewriteanoteofencouragementtobringthemmoreconfidence.Writingtakesmoretime,⑨__________ itisbetterthanmakingphonecalls.Theproblemwithphonecalls⑩__________(be)thattheycannotlastalongtime,butthewordsonthenotecanbereadmorethanonce.6、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。   Haveyouevertoldastoryaboutsomeonebutforgottenhisorhername?Not①__________(worry)!InEnglish,wehavespecialnamestoreplaceit,soyourstorydoesn’tcometoasuddenstop.   IntheUS,ifanamehasbeenforgotten,②__________(simple)saythenameJohnDoeforaman,orJaneDoeforawoman.Youcanusethesenamesforanysituationwheresomeone’snameis③__________(miss).Forexample:“Didyouseethatguywhogotwet④__________ therain?”“Ahyes,poorJohnDoe.”   But⑤__________ exactlyisJohnDoe?Thenameisnotreal.Itfirstappearedaround⑥__________ 14thcenturyinEnglishcourts.Itwasusedtoprotecttheidentityofcertainpeople.Today,itisnotusedinEngland.YetJohnDoeandJaneDoearenamesusedinlegalcourtsintheUS. ⑦__________areusedwhentheidentityofapersonmustnot ⑧__________(give)away.   HoweverinEngland,unknownpeoplearecalledJohnSmith.Thisis ⑨__________Johnhasalwaysbeenoneofthemostcommonfirst ⑩__________(name)inEnglish.AndSmithisthemostcommonfamilyname.Sonexttimeyouforgetsomeone’sname,youknowwhattosay.n7、阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。RiseAfterFalling   Afatherwasworriedabouthisson,①__________ wassixteenyearsoldbuthadnocourageatall.SothefatherdecidedtocallonaBuddhistmonk(僧侣)②__________(train)hisboy.   TheBuddhistmonksaidtotheboy’sfather,“Iinsistthatyoursonshouldbeleftalonehere.I’llmakehimintoarealmanwithinthreemonths. ③__________,youcan’tcometoseehimduringthisperiod.”   Threemonthslater,theboy’sfather④__________(return).TheBuddhistmonkarrangedaboxingmatchbetweentheboyandan ⑤__________(experience)boxer.Eachtimethefighterstrucktheboy,he⑥__________(fall)down,butatoncetheboystoodup;andeachtimeaheavyblowknockedhimdown,theboystoodupagain.Severaltimeslater,theBuddhistmonkasked,“⑦__________ doyouthinkofyourchild?”   “Whatashame!”theboy’sfathersaid,“Ineverthoughthewouldbeso⑧__________(easy)knockeddown.Ineedn’thavehimstayhereany ⑨__________(long)!   “I’msorrythatthat’sallyousee.Don’tyouseethateachtimehefallsdown,hestandsupagaininsteadof ⑩__________(cry)?That’sthekindofcourageyouwantedhimtohave.8、阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。   WhenSpringcleaningseasonarrivedthisyearIdecidedthatitwastime①        (get)ridofnotonlyaWinter'sworthofdustanddirt②        muchstuffaswell.Thisstuffwasliningmywalls,fillingmyshelves,andcrowdingmyclosetswhichdidn’tmeonebitof③        (happy)   Itturnedouttobeaneven④        (big)jobthanIthought.Ithrewawaytwenty-year-oldbills,uselesspapersand⑤        (break)bowls.IfoundoutsomeclothesthatInolongerwareanddecidedtogive⑥        (they)awaytothelocalGoodwill.Oldbookswereboxeduptobepassedonforotherstoreadandenjoy.It⑦        .(take)severaldaysntogetitalldone,andintheendIwasabletowalkthroughmyhome⑧        (easy).Myheartwasalotlightertoo.Itwassogoodtobeabletogetridofallthejunkandtojustfocus⑨        theessentialstuffinlifeagain.   ⑩        istheessentialstuff?Whatisthestuffthatbringsmeaningtoourdays?Alovingheartisessential.Ajoyfulspiritisessential.AsoulfullofgoodnessandGodisessential.  答案1、答案：1.what2.greatest3.haveblamed4.him5.studying6.wasput7.Committed8.successfully9.rejections10.who解析：逆境可以打败你,但它也能使你更强大。最终的结果取决于你在面对困难时如何对待它们。1. what考査名词性从句的连接词。dowhir处理,应对"与what搭配构成"what...dowith"结构表示”如何应对/处理",注意和"how...dealwith"结构的区别。2. greatest考查形容词的最高级。oneof+the+形容词的最高级+名词的复数形式表示"最……之一”。3. haveblamed考查虚拟语气。HadColumbusturnedback是IfColumbushadturnedback的省略倒装结构,表示与过去事实相反的假设,其主句的谓语动词应用could/wouldhavedone,故空格处填入haveblamed。4. him考查代词。指代前文的Columbus,在句中作宾语,故用宾格him。5. studying考査固定用法。haveadifficult/hardtimedoingsth.做某事有困难。6. wasput考査时态和语态。该段介绍Dr.MaryGroda-Lewis过去的经历,故应用一般过去时;句子主语She与谓语动词put之间是动宾关系,故用被动语态,所以空格处填wasput。7. Committed考查非谓语动词。becommittedto表示“致力于"。注意其过去分词形式需要双写t再加-ed。8. successfully考查词性转换。修饰动词entered用副词。9. rejections考查名词的数:空格前有many修饰,故应用名词的复数形式。10. who考査定语从句。分析句子结构吋知,空格后有谓语动词was,故空格处应填入关系词引导定语从句;非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Dr.MaryGroda-Lewis,关系词在从句中作主语,故用who引导。2、答案：who;totrain;bravery;professional;What;a;easily;that;crying;ofn解析：略3、答案：①.choices②.are③.less④.myself⑤.how⑥.that⑦.unhappy⑧.to⑨.really⑩.todo解析：略4、答案：1.when2.which3.because4.as5.trying6.whether7.tostay8.organized9.where10.with解析：略5、答案：which;Congratulations;waswritten;excited;whether/if;confident;toencourage;needing;but;is解析：【文章大意】作者刚开始当编辑时有些不自信,是一位资深编辑的鼓励让作者继续前行。1.which考查定语从句。关系代词which指代先行词anote,引导非限制性定语从句,并在从句中作主语。2. Congratulations考查词性变化。congratulation常用复数形式,表示“祝贺”。3. waswritten考査时态语态。主语thenote是谓语动词动作write的承受者,需用被动语态;这里是描述的是过去发生的一件事,用一般过去时。4.excited考查非谓语动词。excite的过去分词形式excited相当于一个形容词,常修饰人,意思是“兴奋的;激动的”。5. whether/if考査宾语从句,根据句意,这里用whether或if,意为“是否”,引导宾语从句。6. confident考査词性转换。空格中所填单词在句中作表语,需用confidence的形容词形式。n7. toencourage考査非谓语动词。toencourageyoungpeopleindifferentfields是不定式短语作目的状语。8. needing考査非谓语动词。needinghelp是现在分词短语作定语,修饰anyone,相当于定语从句who/thatneedshelp,分词动作need与逻辑主语之间是主动关系。9. but考査连词。前后分句之间的意义上存在转折关系,用but连接。10. is考査时态与主谓一致。主语是theproblem,谓语动词用单数形式;这里说的是一般性道理,用一般现在时。6、答案：toworry;simply;missing;in;who;the;They;begiven;because;names解析：略7、答案：who;totrain;However;returned;experienced;fell;what;easily;longer;crying解析：略8、答案：toget;but;happiness;bigger;broken;them;took;easily;on;What解析：略