小升初英语公式及固定搭配

小升初英语公式及固定搭配

英语公式及固定搭配((1).加动词原形can/can’t+动词原形should/shouldn’t+动词原形may+动词原形must/mustn’t+动词原形Will/won’t+动词原形do/does/did+动词原形help+动词原形haveto+动词原形Shallwe+动词原形祈使句动词原形开头(2).+to+动词原形want+to++动词原形how+to++动词原形need+to++动词原形wouldlike+to++动词原形Wouldyoulike+to+动原behappy+to++动词原形Let+宾格+动词原形use…to+动词原形It’stime+to+动词原形can’twaitto+动词原形to+动词原形(3).+动词ingbe+动词ingno+动词inggo+动词inglike+动词inglove+动词ingstart+动词ingbegin++动词ingstop+动词inghowabout/Whatabout+动词ingbegoodat+动词ingdowellin+动词ing介词+动词ing不是祈使句，放在句子开头的动词要加ing (4).后面跟形容词的动词有：be,keep,look,feel,get,stay,become,make,smell,sound,turn.(5).量词：alotof许多/some一些+可数名词复数或不可数名词(alot许多，后面不可跟名词，Don’teatalot.不要吃太多)alotofnoodles/bread许多面条/面包somevegetables/water一些蔬菜/水afew几个+可数名词复数afeweggs几个鸡蛋alittle一点+不可数名词alittlecola一些可乐针对上述量词提问用howmany(多少)many许多+可数名词复数manytoys许多玩具much许多+不可数名词muchtea许多茶toomany太多+可数名词复数toomanystudents太多学生toomuch太多+不可数名词toomuchmilk太多牛奶(6).the的用法1.球类前面不加theplayfootball/tabletennis踢足球/打乒乓球2.月份前面不加theinJanuary/February在一月/在二月3.乐器前面加theplaythepiano/guitar弹钢琴/吉他4.四个传统节日加thetheSpringFestival春节DragonBoatFestival端午节Mid-AutumnFestival中秋节DoubleNinthFestival重阳节 5.holiday前加thetheNationalDayholiday国庆节(onholiday度假中，没有the)6.景点前加thetheBund(上海)外滩theShanghaiMuseum上海博物馆theGreatWall长城thePalaceMuseum故宫theSummerPalace颐和园(Tian’anmenSquare前面不加the)7.序数词前加theonthesecondfloor在二楼thethirdgirl第三个女孩日期：the+序数词+of+月份8.其他thenextday第二天（7）in的用法1.在…里/上inthekitchen在厨房intheforest在森林里intheplayground在操场上inthetree在树上(指不长在树上)theapplesonthetree树上的苹果onthetree在树上(指长在树上的)themonkeysonthetree树上的猴子2.时间inthemorning/afternoon/evening在早上/下午/晚上inMay/June在五月/六月inthreedays三天内inthefuture在将来/未来3.其它 inahealthydiet在健康的饮食inyourmeals在你的餐点中goin进入infrontof在…前面(方位上的)before在……之前(时间上的)infrontofthehouse房子前面beforebedtime睡前(8)on的用法1.某一天前用on1)onMonday/Tuesday/Wednesday/Thursday在周一/周二/周三/周四2)onthesecondofMarch在三月二日3)onMother’sDay在母亲节4)onyourbirthday在你生日2.某一天的早中晚onFridaymorning在周五早上onSaturdayafternoon在周六下午onSundayevening在周日晚上onChineseNewYear’sEve在除夕夜3.其它onyourleft/right在你左边/右边puton穿上(takeoff脱下)putonaplay上演/表演一出戏tryon试穿geton上车（getoff下车）fromthenon从那时起goon继续(gowell进展顺利)(9)at的用法1.时间ateleven(o’clock)在十一点atnight在夜里atweekends在周末 atatime一次atChristmas在圣诞节atChineseNewYear在中国新年atthisfestival在这个节日atfirst起先，最初atlast最后2.地点atschool在学校athome在家atMike’shouse在麦克家attheparty在派对atasnackbar在小吃店atashoppingcentre在购物中心atParkStation在公园站atthetrainstation在火车站atthebusstop在公交车站atthetrafficlights在交通信号灯处attheschoolgate在校门口3.其它pointat…指着，指向pointattheking指着国王laughat笑，大笑(laughed过去式)laughatme笑我shoutat朝……喊shoutatthatoldman朝那个老人喊(10)V.sb.sth.=V.sth.tosb.1.showsb.sth.=showsth.tosb.给某人看某物/向某人展示某物showmeyournewclothes=showyournewclothestome为我看你的新衣服2.givesb.sth.=givesth.tosb.给某人某物/把某物给某人givehimabook=giveabooktohim给他一本书/把一本书给他3.sendanemailtoher=sendheranemail给她发封邮件/发封邮件给她4.writeletterstothem=writethemletters给他们写信/写信给他们 (11)句型What….?询问什么，用具体的事情回答。Where…?询问地点，用地点回答。When(Whattime)….?询问时间，时间回答。Who…?询问某人，回答要用某人来回答。(Who是单数，Whoisthetallman?He’smyfather.Whorunsfast?Mikedoes.)Whose…?询问是谁的，要用某人的回答。How…?1.询问方式，交通工具2.询问身体状况3.询问过得如何，假期等。Howmany….?询问数量多少，要用数字或者数量词来回答。Howmuch…?询问价钱，要用…yuan来回答。Howold…?询问年龄，用年龄(数字)回答。Why…?询问原因，要用because回答。Whatday…?询问星期，用星期回答。Whatdate…?询问日期，用日期回答。What’s+地点？Therebe回答。（therebe临近原则，无论出现多少东西，只看第一样是单复数还是不可数）What’sthis/that?It’sa/an回答。What’swrongwith…?……怎么样？疾病回答。Whatwouldyoulike?I’dlike….Wouldyoulikesomecakes?Yes,please./No,thankyou. Wouldyouliketojoinus?Yes,I’dlike(love)to.打电话：Who’sthat?你是谁？ThisisNancyspeaking.我是南希。祈使句，动词原形开头，否定前面加don’t感叹句：What(a)+名词!Whatabigcake!How+形容词+名词+be!Howbigthecakeis!It’stimefor+名词。It’stimeforbreakfast.是早饭时间了。It’stimeto+动词原形。It’stimetohavedinner.是吃晚饭的时间了。any,or,either(也)用于问句或否定句(12)交通工具介词短语动词短语步行onfootwalkIgotoschoolonfoot.Iwalktoschool乘公交车bybustakeabusIgohomebybus.Itakeabushome.骑自行车bybikerideabike乘地铁bymetrotakeametro乘出租车bytaxitakeataxi乘飞机byplanetakeaplane乘小汽车bycartakeacar乘轮船byshiptakeaship 乘船byboattakeaboat13固定短语搭配1.allowsbtodosth允许某人去做某事(后接动词不定式)Myfatherallowedmetogooutforawalkafterfinishingmyhomework.2.askedsb(not)todosth叫某人做事某事(叫某人不要去做某事)Myfatheraskedmetostudyhard.Heaskedmenottoswimalone.3.beaskedtodosth被叫去做某事/被邀请去做某事Iwasaskedtohaveadinnerwiththemyesterday.4.beafraidtodosth害怕做某事Sheisafraidtoaskmequestions.5.beafaidofdoingsth害怕做某事Iamafraidofgoingoutatnight.beafaidofsth害怕某物Heisafraidofsnakes.6.beamazedtodosth对做某事感到惊讶Hewasamazedtomeetthegirlthere.7.beamazedatsth对某事感到惊讶theywereamazedatthenews.8.bebusydoing/withsth忙于做某事(常考) Iwasbusywashingmycaratthattime.那时候我正忙于清洗我的车Iambusywithmywork.9.becoming/going/leaving/fiying/moving/dying(某些位移动词用进行时态时表将来)thebusiscoming/thedogisdying.10.beexcitedtodosth对做……感到兴奋Jackywasexcitedtotraveltherebyplane.beexcitedatsthLilywasexcitedathiswords.beexcitedaboutdoingsthhewasexcitedaboutpassingtheexamwithoutgoingoveringbooks.10.befrightenedtodosth害怕去做某事Samisfrightenedtorideahorse11.beglad/happytodosth高兴去做某事sheishappytocleantheblackboardwithme.bepleasedtodosth高兴做某事shewaspleasedtohelptheoldmanyesterday.bepleasedwithsth对某事感到高兴/满意theteacherwaspleasedwithmyanswer.12.beinterestedinsth/doingsth对某事感兴趣/对做某事感兴趣sheisinterestedinswimmingintheriver.MybtotherisinterestedinChinese.13.be/getreadyfor/todosth Bereadyforsth为某事做好了准备Wearereadyfortheexam.Bereadytodosth为做某事做好了准备Wearereadytohaveabirthdaypartyforher.getreadyforsth为某事在做准备Wearegettingreadyfortheexam.getreadyforsth为做某事而做准备13.besorrytodosth对做某事感到抱歉14.besurprisedtodosth对做某事感到惊奇besurprisedatsth对某事感到惊奇15.beworthdoingsth值得做某事(worth后接动词-ing形式，常考)16.开始去做某事begintodosthbegin/starttodo/doingsth17.can/beabletoafford(tobuy)sth有能力购买(供)……18.can/may/mustdosthcould/would/should/mightdosth19.can’twaittodosth迫不急待地去做某事20.decidetodosth决定去做某事makeupone’smindtodosth下决心去做某事(常考)makeadecisiontodosth对做某事作出决定21.deservetodosth值得/应该做……22.encouragesbtodosth鼓励某人去做某事 23.enjoydoingsth乐意去做某事24.expect(sb)todosth期望去做某事25.failtodosth做某事失败succeeddoingsth成功做了某事26.finishdoingsth做完某事(后接动词-ing形式)(常考)27.followsbtodosth跟随某人去做某事28.让某人做某事(后接动词原形)getsbtodosthmakesbdosthletsbdosth29.get/haveachancetodosth得到一个做某事的机会30.give/pass/show/lend/sellsbsth/sthtosbbuy/get/bringsbsth/sthforsb31.goontodosth继续做事(常考)goondoingsth继续做事(常考)32.hatetodo/doingsth讨厌/不喜欢做某事33.havefundoingsth34.haveproblemsdoingsth做某事遇到困难35.让某人做某事(后接动词原形)havesbdosthhavesthdonehavesthtodo有事要做 36.hearsbdosth听到某人做某事(后接动词原形，常考)hearsbdoingsth听到某人正在做某事(常见)37.helptodosth帮忙做某事helpsb(to)dosth帮助某人做某事38.hope/wishtodosth希望做某事wishsbtodosth希望某人做某事39.Itseemsthat这像是……(后接从句)seemtodosthseem+adj40.It’s+adj+(forsb)todosth.It’s+adj+(ofsb)todosthIt’sgladforhimtohearthenews.41.Ittakessbsometime/moneytodosth.花费某人多长时间做某事42.pay…for…costspend…on…..ittake…todosth43.It’sbestforsbtodosth.对某人来说做某事是最好的hadbetterdosth最好做某事(注意had没有时态和人称的变化，better后接动词原形)44.It’stimeforsbtodosth是某人做某事的时候了45.keep(on)doingsth坚持做某事(常考)keepsbdoingsth让某人做某事(常考)keepsbfromdoingsth阻止某人做某事(常考)keepsb/sth+adjkeepthebookfor2days借这本书两天(不要用borrow或lend) 46.learntodosth学做某事learnsthfromsb向某人学习47.liketodo/doingsth喜欢做某事likesbtodosth喜欢某人做某事48.needtodosth需要做某事needdoingsth/tobedoneneedsthneedn’tdosth49.prefertodosthratherthandosth宁愿……而不愿……(常考)preferdoingsthtodoingsth喜欢做……胜过做……Ipreferreadingbookstogoingshopping.比起购物来，我更爱读书。prefertodosth喜欢(爱)做某事50.refusetodosth拒绝做……51.remember/forgettodosth记得/忘记做某事remember/forgetdoingsth记得/忘记做过某事52.seesbdosth看见某人做某事(结果)seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事(正在进行中)beseentodosth做某事被看见53.somethingtoeat/drink一些吃/喝的东西(词不定式放在something等后修饰这些词)Ineedsomethingtoeat.我要一些吃的东西。54.spendsometime(in)doingsth/onsth花费时间做某事(注意动词要用ing形式)(常考)spendsomemoneyonsth/doingsth买……花了多少钱 55.Sthishard/difficult/easytodo.做好某事很难/容易56.stoptodosth停下来去某事(两件事)(常考)stopdoingsth停止做某事(一件事)(常考)stopsb(from)doingsth阻止某人做某事(常考)57.taketurnstodosth轮流做……58.tellsb(not)todosth叫某人去(不要)做某事betoldtodosth被告知不要做某事59.Thereisnoneed(forsb)todosth对某人来说没必要做某事60.Thereisnotime(forsb)todosthhavenotimetodosth没时间做某事61.too…(forsb)to…太……以致不能……so…that…not…enoughtodoTheboyistooyoungtogotoschool.那男孩太小了以致不能上学。62.try/doone’sbesttodosth尽力去做某事trytodosth试着(图)做某事63.usedtodosth过去常做某事(usedtobe+adj/a+n)Mrwangusedtobeateacherworker.王先生过去是一位工人。Iusedtoliveinthecountry.过去我住在农村。64.want/wouldliketodosth想做……want/wouldlikesbtodosth想某人做……feellikedoingsth喜爱做某事(注意like后接动词ing形式)65.warnsb(not)todosth警告某人做某事(或不要做某事)66.为什么不……(表建议的句型，注意用动词原形) Whydon’tyoudosth?Whynotdosth?表示建议的句型还有：WhatHowabout……?(如果是动词，要用ing形式)Shallwe……?67.Wouldyoulike(sb)todosth?Yes,I’dloveto.68.Wouldyouminddoingsth?你介意做某事吗?Nevermind/Notatall/ofcoursenot/certainlynot.(从不介意/一点也不介意/当然不会了)69.Wouldyouplease(not)dosth你可不可以不做……?(14)其它固定搭配1.looklookat看……(=havealookat)lookattheblackboard看黑板lookfor寻找(强调过程)lookformykite寻找我的风筝find找到(强调结果)findmykite找到了我的风筝lookafter照顾lookaftertheirgrandparents照顾他们的爷爷奶奶takecareof爱护；照顾takecareofchildren’steeth照顾孩子们的牙齿careabout关心，在乎careaboutourteeth关心/在乎我们的牙齿lookout当心Danger!Pleaselookout.危险！当心！lookoutfor当心，提防lookoutforcars当心汽车lookoutof…朝……看lookoutofthewindow朝窗外看 2.here/there/home前面没有tocomehere过来gothere去那儿getthere到达那come/gohome回家gethome到家例外：gotoyourhome去你家gettomyhome到我家3.walkwalkon继续走walkby走过，路过walkthrough穿过4.upwake…up吵醒，叫醒wakethelionup吵醒狮子pick…up捡起pickit/themup把它/它们捡起来(代词it,them放中间)climbup爬上climbupthehill爬上小山getup起床5.awayflyaway飞走drive…away赶走goaway走了，离开move…awayfrom…从…搬走6.into/ontopour…into把……倒入gointo走进，进入holdonto抓紧take…into…带入……turninto变成7.其它词：about,with,from,for,around等cheerfor…欢呼cheerforthem为他们欢呼ask…forhelp向……求助askmeforhelp向我求助begoodfor…对……有益begoodforyourbody对你的身体有益bebadfor…对……有害bebadforyoureyes对你的眼睛有害 belatefor…迟到belateforschool上学迟到bereadyfor…准备好……bereadyforclass准备好上课beafraidof…害怕……beafraidofbears害怕熊buy…for…为……买……buyapresentformyfriend为我的朋友买个礼物buy…from…从…..买……buythingsfromshops从商店里买东西make….for….为….做……makeacardforyourmother为你妈妈做张贺卡write…for…为……写……writestoriesforchildren为孩子们写故事bring…from…从……带……bringsomefruitfromhome从家里带些水果bring…for…为……带……bringabookforme为我带本书bring…to…带……去……bringsnackstotheparty带零食去派对get…from…从……得到……getredpacketsfrommygrandparents从我祖父母那得到红包waitfor…等待……waitforthebus等公交waitforme等我readnewspapersfornews读报获取新闻watchnewsontheInternet网上看新闻be/goonanouting远足haveapicnic野餐farfrom离……远come(be)from来自makeasentencewith…用……造句playwith…和……一起玩show…around带……参观travelaroundtheworld环游世界learnabout…学习……talkabout…谈论……tellyouaboutTheUK告诉你关于英国的事beexcitedabout 对……兴奋ask…about….问….关于……askSamaboutBobby向山姆问关于鲍比的事askmeaboutthebook向我问那本书wanttobeacook想成为一个厨师leave…behind留下，丢下comeout/getout出来findout发现gobackto…回去howlong多久justthen就在那时justright正合适，正好let…go释放，放开nextto在……旁边brushone’steeth刷牙doone’shomework做家作makefriends交朋友like…verymuch非常喜欢……likerunningverymuch非常喜欢跑步haveagood(great)time,havealotoffun,havesomefun过得开心，玩得快乐betweentwoboys两个男孩之间haveatry试一试makesnowmen堆雪人flyakite(flykites)放风筝bebusy忙碌的fallinto摔倒slipon滑倒project课题doaproject做/研究个课题poster海报makeaposter做张海报little小的，年幼的alittleboy一个小男孩litter乱扔垃圾letter信