人教版八年级英语下unit2

人教版八年级英语下unit2

Unit 2 I’ll help clean up the city parks. Section A Warming up A guessing game help Do you often help others? What other ways we could help people? I helped to clean the classroom. I helped my parents with the chores. I _________________________. I _________________________. help stop hunger They are hungry and homeless. There are many other ways you could help people. help clean up the city parks cheer up the old people give out( 分发 , 派发 ) food at the food bank If I had lots of money, I would … set up a Hope School help poor kids 建立、建造 =establish volunteer in an after-school study program I’d like to work outside. You could help clean up the city parks n. 饥饿 Listen and complete the sentences. I hopt to _____ outside. You could help to clean _____ the city parks. I’d like to _____ homeless people. You could give _____ food at the food bank to help feed them . I want to cheer _____ sick kids. You could ask hospitals to let you _____ the kids . I’d like to help kids _____ their schoolwork. You could _______ in an after-school study program to teach kids . work up help out up visit with volunteer pairwork Practice the conversation in the picture above. Then have similar conversations using the information in 1b. A: I ’ d like to work outside. B: You could help clean up the city parks. What other ways we could help people? Just think and fill in the blanks . Other ways we could help people _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ _______________________________________________ You could help plant trees and grass to beautify your hometown. You could help the passengers with their luggage. You could help the old people cross the street. You could help the police catch the thieves. You could help the old people clean up their houses. You could give the money to the charity and help the poor people. 2a Listen and check ( √ ) the things the students are going to do. a b c e d √ √ √ 2b listen again. Fill in the blanks. We need to ______ _______ _______ a plan to tell people about the city park clean-up . Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now.We can’t _______ _______ making a plan. We could _______ _______ signs. Let ’ s make some notices, too. Then I’ll _______ them _______ after school. We could each _______ _______ ten people and ask them to come. come up with put put up hand call up off out We need to come up with a plan. 　我们必须想出一个计划。 (1) need 实义动词， “必要”、“必需” ，有人称、数和时态的变化，可接名词、代词、动名词或带 to 的动词不定式作宾语，构成疑问句和否定句时要借助于助动词。 The man needs an English dictionary when he works. 这个人在工作时需要一本英语词典。 Do you need to see him yourself? 你必需亲自见他吗？ (2) need 情态动词 , “必须”、“必要”，没有人称、数的变化，后接不带 to 的动词不定式。 通常用于疑问句和否定句中，构成疑问句和否定句时，不需要使用助动词。 Need you go to the park with your classmate? 你必需和你的同学去公园吗？ 【 注意 】 由 need 引出的疑问句，答语表肯定时用 must 或 have to ；表示否定 时用 needn’t 或 don’t have to 。 A: Need I come to work tomorrow? 明天我需要来上班吗 ? B: Yes, you must / have to . 是的 , 你必须来。 Grammar focus Phrasal verb Sentence Meaning of phrasal verb cheer up He looks sad. Let’s cheer him up. make someone happier set up We’re going to set up a food bank to help hungry people. establish , start come up with We need to come up with some ideas. think up Lei Feng Day is two weeks from now. We need to come up with a plan. What would you like to do? Talk with your partner and come up with a plan. A: We need to come up with a plan for the City Park Clean-Up Day. B: Let ’ s have lunch first. A: No ’ we need to start now.Clean-Up Day is only two weeks from now. B: … . 2 c (2)help oneself to sth. 随便吃食物等 。 Help yourselves to apples, boys. （ 3 ） with the help of =with one’s help 在 …… 的帮助下 。 With the help of the teachers, I get good grades in all subjects. 1 help sb. out “ 帮助某人解决难题”。 I can’t work out this math problem. Please help me out. (1)help sb. with sth. =help sb. do/to do sth 在某事上帮助某人。 I help him with his English every day. 2 They told me stories about the past and how things used to be. 他们给我讲过去的生活经历，讲过去是什么样子的。 used to be/do 曾经。。。 She used to live in that city before. used to be /do 过去常做某事，现在不那样了 Did you use to sing when you do housework? 3a 3 I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals get better and the look of joy on their owners’ faces. 当我看到动物们（病情）渐好，看到主人脸上的喜悦表情时，我产生出那么一种极强的满足感来 . How did you get such an idea? 产生 He got angry with me after that. 变得 4 She could read by herself at the age of four. I could cook by 独自地 myself (when I was ten) at the age of ten 在。。。岁在时候 . 5 Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. 在这里当志愿者对我来说是梦想成真。 I got the latest CD player as a birthday present yesterday. It was just a dream come true! 昨天我收到了最新的 CD 播放器作为一份生日礼物，真是梦想成真了。 to be to learn to care to look to help to do put off call up come up with cheer up put up hand out give out to make to do to help to spend to visit to move Section B Match the sentences with similar meanings. I’ve run out of it. I take after my mother. I fixed it up. I gave it away. I repaired it. I don’t have any more of it. I am similar to her. I didn’t sell it. b c a d 1 a I have run out of my money. He takes after his father. Let’s fix up my bike together. He gave away his old clothes to the poor. 1 b Listen and number the pictures [1-4] in the correct order. 3 1 4 2 1 c Listen again . C ircle “T” (for true) or “F” (for false). Jimmy fixes up bicycles. T F Jimmy sells bikes. T F Jimmy takes after his mother. T F Jimmy has run out of money. T F 1 d Explanation for Section B 1.run out of = use up “ 用完”、“卖光”。句子的主语是人或使用的物。注意不能用于被动语态。 I am running out of my money.= My money is running out of. We are running out of the gas. = Our car is running out of the gas. 2. I take after my mother. take after ≈look like ,be similar to 3. I fixed it up. fix up = repair( 修理）； fasten( 安装） 4. give away 赠送 5. call up = ring up;give sb. a ring.;phone sb. 6. hand out( 散发）; hand in( 上缴）； hand around/round( 传递） hand on ( 依次传递） 7 .work out ( 结果、结果是） The idea works out well. 那个注意的实施结果很好。 另外还有“解答出、计算出”的意思。 Can you work out the answer to this question? See if you can work out this bill. PAIRWORK A:What do you do, Jimmy? B:I fix up bikes and give them away. 1 e Reading 1 set up 建立，成立 They set up an organization to help disabled people. 2 make it possible for sb. to do sth . “ 使得某人有可能 ……” Your help makes it possible for him to succeed. （ 1 ） make ＋ 宾语＋名词， “使 ……” 。 We made him monitor. （ 2 ） make ＋宾语＋形容词， “使 ……” His words made me happy. （ 3 ） make ＋宾语＋动词原形，“让 …… 做 ……” He made me work ten hours a day. 3 make a difference to 起重要作用 What you did make a difference to my life. 4 be excited about 对。。。感到兴奋 He seemed to  be   excited   about   something The group of kids are playing happily. We should help disabled people . There are some differences between us. Imagine you are a bird, what will you do? Though there are difficulties ,we still work hard. He needs much training to be a good player. Thanks for your kindness. It is normal to feel like this. SUBJECT VERB OBJECT Miss Li Ben Smith Lucky “ Animal Helpers ” can get sent is unable to move well. money to “Animal Helpers”. animals like Lucky. things for disabled people trains 2d 动词短语 Phrasal verb 1. 定义 : 动词之后加介词或副词构成短语 , 表达一种特定的含义 ; 如果被拆开则不能表达这种特定的含义 . 2. 分类 : 及物的短语动词必须接宾语 , 不及物的短语动词则不需接宾语 . Grammar 3. 及物短语动词所带宾语的位置 : 名词作宾语时 , 对于”动词 + 副词”的短 语、名词既可以放在短语动词之后 , 也 可以放在短语动词中间 . 对于”动词 + 介词” 的短语 , 名词放在介词之后 . (2) 代词作宾语时 , 对于”动词 + 副词” 的短语 , 代词放在短语动词的中间 , 对于”动词 + 介词” 的短语 , 代词放在介词之后 . 本课出现的 动词短语 : clean up set up give out cheer up come up with put off put up hang out call up run out of take after fix up give…away 打扫 建立 , 建成 发放 , 派发 高兴 , 振作 提出 推迟 , 延后 闲荡 打电话 用尽 长得象 修理 赠送 张贴 Nouns: money, animal, helpers, people lucky, organization… Pronouns: I ,you, it, my, who, that… Verbs: like, thank, send, set (up), fill… Adjectives: disabled, blind, deaf, normal… Adverbs: easily, well, last year, at once… Prepositions: for, with, of… Conjunctions: but, and, because, or… Exclamations: You see, Lucky! 1.In what other ways do you think dogs are able to help people?(guide dog;watchdog) 2.What other animals can we train to help people?(elephants;dolphins) 2e Discuss the questions with a partner. • W orking in an old people ' s home •Helping kids in an after-school program •Being a guide at a museum 3a Look at these kinds of volunteer work.Can you add more?What would you like to do? Discuss it with a partner. Write a letter or e-mail to the placeyou want to volunteer at. Dear Sir of Madam, ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ ___________________________________ Yours truly, _____________ 3b Self Check cheer ,wake, put, look , take take , put look , take put, take run , go come ran out to buy to cheer put up called up to tell handed out set up came up to fix gave away 12. He put up some signs ask ing for old bikes and call ed up all his friends and told them about the problem . ask for (1) 要求 She asked for some water. 她要了些水。 （ 2 ）向 …… 请求 …… If you are in trouble,you can ask the policeman for help. 如果你有困难，你可以向警察求助。 call up 意为“打电话，打电话给 ……” 。 如： He called up his friends and told the story . 他给朋友打电话，并告之整个事情。 【 拓展 】 有关“打电话”的说法： （ 1 ） make a telephone call 打电话 He’s making a telephone call. 他正在打电话 。 （ 2 ） give sb. a call 给某人打电话 When you get there,please give me a call. 你到那时，请给我打个电话。 （ 3 ） ring sb. 给某人打电话 I rang you ,but you were out. 我给你打电话，但你出去了。 Exercises He helps ____ the classroom. A. cleans up B. cleaning up C . clean up 2. I took her to the concert to ____. A. cheer up her B. cheer her up C. cheer she up 3.The boss put off ___ the workers’ wages. A . to give out B . give up C. giving out C B C 1.The man established a factory in our village last year. = The man ____ ____ a factory in our village last year. 2. We need to think up some ideas . = We need to _____ ____ ____ some ideas 3.He phoned me and asked me to go there. = He _____ ____ ___ and asked me to go there set up come up with called/ rang me up to set up a shop aren’t supposed to hand out 5 . 人们不应该在路上分发广告 . People _________________________ advertisement on the road . They want _______________ next year. 4 . 他们想明年开一家商店 . 1. 我准备领他去看电影 , 以便他会高兴起来。 I am going to _____ him _____the cinema _____ _____ _____ _____. 2. 这些词都很重要，请把它们记下来。 These words are all very important. ______ ______ ______, please! 3. 你知道谁在校门口分发广告了吗？ Do you know who _______ _____ ______________at the school gate? 根据汉语完成句子。 to cheer him up Write them down take to handed out advertisements 4. 他们的老师不但会讲英语，而且还会讲日语。 Their teacher can speak ______ ______ English ______ ______Japanese. 5. 没人想买这些大衣，甚至白送也不要。 No one wants to buy these coats. You can’t even ______ _____ _______. 6. 他想尽力通过这次考试，因此他学习更加努力。 He ______ ___ ______ _____ _____, so he works harder. not only but also give them away tries to pass the exam Hands up !/ Put up your hand. put off till tomorrow Never ___________________ what you can do today. 7.请举手 !__________________________ 8 . 今日事 , 今日毕。 历年真题选析： 1.Uncle Rick spent the whole afternoon f_____ our broken bike. 答案： fixing 解析：“里克叔叔花了整个下午来修理我损坏的自行车”。结合句意及 spend 的用法，所以填 fixing 2.Liu Xiang’s success _____all the Chinese people.We believe that he can do better in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. A.cheers up B.wakes up C.calls up 答案： A 解析：c heer up 使振奋，使高兴起来； wake up 醒来，叫醒； call up 打电话。结合句意，故选 A 3.Our sports meeting has been _____till next Monday because of the bad weather. A.put on B.put up C.put off D.put down 答案： C 解析：题考察四个动词短语的用法。 put on 意为“穿上”； put up 意为“举起”； put off 意为“推迟”； put down 意为“放下”。 4. China’s sport stars Yao Ming and Liu Xiang_____Good will Ambassadors( 亲善大使 )for Shanghai. A.has been named B.have been named C.has named D.have named 答案： B 解析：主语是两个人故助动词用 have ，不用 has ，排除 A 、 C ；由句意“中国体育明星姚明和刘翔被命名为上海亲善大使。”可知应用现在完成时的被动语态，故选 B. 5. We have to ____our sports meeting till next week because of the heavy rain. A.put off B.put on C.put up D.put down 答案： A 解析：题考查 put 短语辨析。 put off 推迟； put on 穿上； put up 搭起，建起； put down 写下，根据句意应选 A GoodBye!