初一下英语一般过去时

初一下英语一般过去时

第四讲：一般过去时 一、定义：表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。‎ ‎1.表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或存在的状态：‎ ‎ e.g. He was twelve last year.‎ ‎ She was at work.‎ ‎2.表过去经常或反复发生的动作：‎ ‎ e.g. She often came to help us in those days.‎ ‎ Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella..‎ 二、 常与一般过去时连用的词：‎ ‎1. 时间状语 ‎ ago（two hours ago（一段时间+ago）‎ ‎ yesterday（morning,afternoon,evening）‎ ‎ the day before yesterday ‎ last week,last(year,night,month…)‎ ‎ 具体时间（如Jan.fourth)‎ ‎ just now ‎ at the age of 10(过去时间段)‎ ‎ one day ‎ long ago ‎ once upon a time ‎ this morning(afternoon, evening)‎ ‎ long long ago（很久以前）‎ ‎ the other day（前几天）‎ ‎ at the moment 三、 一般过去时的构成 1、 系动词be的一般过去时 ‎ 构成：主语 + be（was, were） + 其他 ‎ 主语是”I” 时 ----- was ‎ 主语为单数时 ----- was ‎ 主语为复数及 you时 ----- were ‎ 否定句的构成: 主语 + be + not + 其他 ‎ was not = wasn’t ‎ were not = weren’t ‎【活学活用】填入适当的be动词。‎ 1、 Kitty_____an English girl.‎ ‎2._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday?‎ ‎3、I_____not from Taizhou.‎ ‎4. It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.‎ ‎5、She_____tall.‎ ‎6. How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term? 7. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening.‎ ‎8. I__________(be) tired yesterday. ‎ ‎　　9.I _______ at school just now.‎ 11‎ ‎　　10.He ________ at the camp last week.‎ ‎　　11.We ________ students two years ago.‎ ‎　　12.They ________ on the farm a moment ago.‎ ‎　　13.Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.‎ ‎　　14.There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.‎ ‎　　15.There ________ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.‎ 1、 情态动词的一般过去时 ‎ 构成：主语 + 情态动词 + 动词原形+其他 ‎ She had to do her homework yesterday.‎ ‎ 注意：情态动词后的动词一定要用原形，而且只能是情态动词的过去式。‎ ‎ They should(应该) be right.‎ ‎ 否定句的构成：主语 + 情态动词 + not + 动词原形 + 其他 ‎ could not = couldn’t ‎ must not = mustn’t ‎ would not = wouldn’t ‎ should not = shouldn’t ‎ might not = might not ‎ had not to = hadn’t to ‎【活学活用】填入适当的词。‎ ‎1. She________(could not) speak English last year.‎ ‎2. You________(must not) open the door last night.‎ ‎3. They________(should not) be right at that moment.‎ ‎4. She said she________(would not) go to Japan.‎ 2、 行为动词的一般现在时 ‎ 构成：主语 + 行为动词 + 其他 ‎ These boys liked playing football.‎ ‎ The girl read English every morning in 1998.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 加ed方法： ‎ ‎1．直接加ed：work—— worked look——looked ‎2．以不发音e结尾的单词，直接加d：live ——lived hope——hoped use——used ‎3. 以辅音字母+y结尾的，变y为i加ed：study—— studied carry——carried worry——worried ‎ 26个字母中 除A E I O U五个元音字母外，其余21个都是辅音字母 ‎4.以元音字母+y结尾的，直接加ed：enjoy ——enjoyed play——played ‎5. 以重读闭音节结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed：stop—— stopped plan——planned 不规则变化的动词过去式：‎ have---had are---were get---got say---said feel---felt do/does---did is---was go---went drink--drank eat--ate bring----brought think----thought buy----bought catch---- caught teach ---- taught sit----sat wear----wore cut----cut sweep----swept sleep----slept become----became ‎【活学活用】‎ 一、写出下例单词的过去式 11‎ isam_________  fly_______  plant________  are ________  drink_________‎ play_______    go________  make ________ does_________  dance________‎ worry________  ask _____   taste_________  eat__________ draw________‎ put ______    throw________ kick_________  pass_______   do ________‎ 二、完成句子 1. Tom and Mary ___________ (come) to China last month. 2.Mary __________ (read) English yesterday morning. 3.I ___________ (call) Mike this morning. 4.I listened but ___________ (hear) nothing. 5.Tom ___________ (begin) to learn Chinese last year. 6.Last week we _________ (pick) many apples on the farm. 7.What __________ (make) him cry (哭) just now? 8.Last year the teacher ___________ (tell) us that the earth moves around the sun.‎ ‎9.Eli ____________ to Japan last week.  ( move) 10. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk. ‎ ‎4. 否定句的构成: 主语 + 助动词（did）+not +行为动词原形 + 其他 ‎ These boys didn’t（did not） like playing football.‎ ‎ The girl didn’t （did not）read English every morning last year.‎ ‎ 注意：didn’t之后动词一定要用原形 ‎【活学活用】‎ 一、将下面句子改成否定句 1. I had a word with Julia this morning. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ 2. Li Ming studied English this morning. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ 3. There was an apple on the table last night. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎4. I got up very early this morning. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ 5. The police stopped me on my way home last night. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ ‎6. They gave the concert last night. ‎ ‎________________________________________________‎ 二、按照要求改写句子 ‎1. Mike _________________(not go) to bed until 12 o’clock last night. So she _______ (get ) up late. 2. He __________ (not find ) his key last night.‎ ‎3. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present one her birthday.‎ ‎4. Last week, I _________( not buy) a new bike, I _______(buy) a new kite instead. ‎ ‎5. 一般疑问句 ‎ 含be动词或情态动词的一般疑问句 ‎ Were you a student ？‎ ‎ be动词 主语 其它 ‎ Yes，I was. No，I wasn’t. ‎ ‎ be + 主语 + 其它部分？‎ ‎ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+be 11‎ ‎ 否定回答：No，主语+be+not ‎ 注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替 ‎ Could you speak English last year?‎ ‎ 情态动词 主语 动词原形 其他部分 ‎ Yes，I could. No，I couldn’t.‎ ‎ 情态动词 + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其它部分？‎ ‎ 肯定回答：Yes，主语+情态动词 ‎ 否定回答：No，主语+情态动词+not ‎ 注意：在回答时，主语要用相应的代词代替 ‎ 含be或情态动词一般疑问句的改写 ‎ 秘诀：一调二改三问号 一调：即把句中的be或情态动词调到主语前； 二改：改换主语称谓，即将句中的主语I my mine we our ours等第一人称分别改为相应的第二人称 you your yours等； 三问号：句末的句号改为问号 ‎ ‎【活学活用】将下例句子改成一般疑问句 1. I was an English teacher . ‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎2. He was happy yesterday.‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎3. They were glad to see each other last year.‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ ‎4. I should sweep the floor a moment ago. ‎ ‎_________________________________________‎ 行为动词一般疑问句的构成 问句： Did your parents go to school yesterday？ 肯答： Yes，they did. 否答： No，they didn’t.‎ 肯定回答用“Yes, 主语+ did.”‎ 否定回答用“No, 主语+didn’t(did not).”‎ 特别注意：对于行为动词的一般疑问句一定要注意动词的还原，‎ 因为时态与数的变化已经体现在助动词上了。 ‎ 含行为动词（或称为实义动词）一般疑问句的改写：‎ 秘诀：一加二改三问号 一加：即在句首加助动词did； 二改：1、把谓语动词改为原形；‎ ‎ 2、改换主语称谓； 三问号：句末的句号改为问号。‎ ‎ 【活学活用】按照要求改写句子 2. We read English every morning last year. （改为一般疑问句） ‎ ‎__________________________________________________‎ ‎2. Tom’s father listened to English on the radio every evening . （改为一般疑问句）‎ 11‎ ‎___________________________________________________‎ ‎3. Mr. Green came to Shanghai a week ago. （改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答）‎ ‎___________________________________________________‎ ‎4. Millie lived in a flat in Beijing last week. （改为一般疑问句, 并做否定回答）‎ ‎___________________________________________________‎ ‎5. Daniel enjoyed playing computer games. (改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答)‎ ‎___________________________________________________‎ 6. 特殊疑问句 以疑问词开头，对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有：what who whose which when where how why等。‎ 特殊疑问句有两种语序：‎ ‎（１）．如疑问词作主语或主语的定语，即对主语或主语的定语提问，其语序是陈述句的语序：疑问词（＋主语）＋谓语动词＋其他成分？如：‎ who was singing in the room﹖ ‎ whose bike was red﹖‎ ‎（２）．如疑问词作其他成分，即对其他成分提问，其语序是：疑问词＋一般疑问句语序？　如：‎ what class were you in﹖‎ What did she look like﹖‎ Where were you from﹖‎ What time did he get up every morning﹖‎ How did you know﹖‎ 特殊疑问词+助动词+主语+动词原形+其他？‎ eg:Where did you do study English?‎ 特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其 eg:Why was your Mum so angry?‎ 特殊疑问词+情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？ ‎ eg:What could I do for you?‎ ‎【活学活用】‎ 一、选择正确的单词填空 ‎(who, where, when)‎ ‎1._____ was that pretty girl? She was my sister. ‎ ‎2._____ were Jack and Tom? They were behind you.‎ ‎3._____ did you go to school? I went to school from Monday to Friday.‎ ‎4._____ had a beautiful flower? John had a beautiful flower.‎ ‎5._____ were they? They were my parents. ‎ ‎6._____ was my mother? She was in the living room.‎ ‎7._____ were you going? We were going to the bakery(面包坊).‎ ‎8._____ did Jim and Wendy play ball? They played ball in the afternoon.‎ ‎9._____ did he jog? He jogged in the park. ‎ ‎10._____ were you last night? I was at home.‎ 二、就画线部分提问 ‎1.He was my father. ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 2. They were under the tree.‎ 11‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 2. I often watched TV after dinner.(晚饭后) 提示：饭后强调的是时间问题。‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 3. Lily swam in the swimming pool.(游泳池) ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 4. Superman flied in the sky.‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 5. I often brushed my teeth in the evening when I was young. ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 6. Alan liked to play with Bill.‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 7. Joe's father played badminton(羽毛球) every weekend last year.‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 8. The supermarket was near the school. ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 9. The laptop(笔记本电脑) was on the table.‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 10. Jennifer had a pair of earrings(耳环). ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 11. The flowers were in the flower pot(花盆).‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 12. My grandpa often took us to the zoo . ‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 13. I put the gold fish(金鱼) into the fish tank(鱼缸).‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 14. The monkey slept last night.‎ ‎_________________________________________________ ‎ 课外作业:‎ 一、用所给动词的适当形式填空。‎ ‎1．He put the books away and ________ (go) home.‎ ‎2.  The boy is running and________ (tie) his shoes on the playground.‎ ‎3.  My father________ (buy) a new computer for________ (I ) yesterday.‎ ‎4.  He often ______ (go) to school by bike, but last year he often _________ (walk) to school.‎ ‎5.  After she finished _______ (pack) everything, she ________(go) to bed.‎ ‎6. ---- Who______(wash) the plates on the table ?---- Jenny did.‎ ‎7. ---- When _______ you_____ (see ) the film  “ Titanic”?‎ ‎8. It’s half past eleven now. Jim_____ (have) lunch. He usually______(have) it at this time.‎ ‎9. She ______(write) to Jill last month. She  _________(write)  to him next time.‎ ‎10. The students ________ (stop) talking when their teacher came up.‎ ‎11.There _____________ any hospitals (医院) in my hometown (家乡) in 1940.  ( be not) 12.There ____________ enough milk at home last week, wasn’t there? ‎ 11‎ ‎13.Eli ____________ to Japan last week.  ( move) 14. –When _______ you _________ (come) to China? - Last year. 15.Did she ________ (have) supper at home? 16.Jack ____________ (not clean) the room just now. 17._________ (be) it cold in your city yesterday? 18.How many people ________ (be) there in your class last term? 19.It ________ (be) hot yesterday and most children _______ (be) outside.‎ ‎20. There ________ (be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I _________ (have) no time to watch it.                                             21. He ate some bread and _________ (drink) some milk. 22. ________ he __________ (finish) his homework last night? 23. I__________(be) tired yesterday. 24. I ___________(gain ) Arts degree last year. 25. What _________ you ___________ (do) last night? 26. My grandfather _________ (leave) Hong Kong for New York in 1998. 27. What _______ he ________ (do) yesterday? 28. Last week I _______ (buy) a new bike. 29. He ________ (be) here just now. 30. He __________ (not find ) his key last night. 31. My father __________ (drink) a lot of wine yesterday. 32. ________ you ________ (finish) your homework yesterday? 33. I ________ (eat) some eggs and bread this morning. 34. Her mother __________ (not give) the girl any present.‎ 二、选择 ‎(    ) 1. Lee ________ his mobile phone at home.     A. was left       B. has left      C. had left      D. left  (     ) 2. _____ he ________ a good rest? No, he didn’t.     A. Have, had      B. Did, have     C. Did, had     D. Had, had   (     ) 3. When _________ Lee ________ school this morning?     A. had, got to  B. did, get to   C. did, get   D. did, got to   (    ) 4. Will you please say it again? I ________ quite _______ you.     A. didn’t, hear               B. haven’t, heard    C. didn’t, heard             D. hadn’t, heard (     ) 5. ______ you ________ at six o’clock yesterday? A. Do ,get up    B. Did, get up    C. Do, got up    D. Did, got up (    ) 6.What did you see _________? A. now    B. every day    C. since 1990    D. just now ‎(     ) 7.He went into the room and _______ the door. A. lock    B. locking    C. locks    D. locked (     ) 8. —What _____ you _______ last week?  ‎ 11‎ ‎ —I bought a bag. A. did ,buy    B. did , bought    C. do, buy    D. do, bought (     ) 9. —_____ he ____ his lunch? — Yes, he did. A. Have ,had    B. Had, has    C. Did, have    D. Did, had　 (    )10.—Did the thieves _____ into the car? —No, they______. A. fell, didn’t  B. fall, did  C. jump, didn’t  D. jump, did (    ) 11. —When did May come back from Hong Kong?           —She _____ from Hong Kong last Friday. A. come back    B. comes back    C. returned back    D. came back (    ) 12. ____ she _____ this dictionary in the bookshop nearby last week? A. Did, buy   B. Does, buy  C. Did, bought   D. Does, buys (     ) 13. He ____ to the station this morning and was______ for the train. A. hurry, in time   B. hurries, on time  C. hurried, in time    D. hurried, at time (    ) 14. Where _____ Uncle Sun yesterday? A. was   B. were   C. did   D. does (     ) 15. —Have you seen him today?          —Yes, I ____ him this morning. A. has seen   B. see    C. will see    D. saw (     ) 16. He ______ worried when he heard the news. A. is     B. was    C. does   D. did ‎(    ) 17. There _____ a telephone call for my brother Steven yesterday? A. is    B. are   C. was    D. were (    ) 18. Liu Fengwei _____ three yuan for the lost library book. A. paid   B. pay   C. spent   D. lost (    ) 19. He ____ in this school in 1958. A. taught    B. has taught    C. teaches    D. had taught (    ) 20. They _____ tired so they stopped ____ a rest. A. are, have   B. were, have   C. were, to have   D. are, having (     ) 21. Yesterday I _____ in bed all day because I had a fever. A. lay    B. lie   C. laid   D. lain (    ) 22. Hello, Mike. It’s you. I _____ you ______ in Beijing. How long have you been here? A. don’t know, were        B. hadn’t known, are C. haven’t known, are       D. didn’t know, were (     ) 23. It was raining hard when he ____ home. A. got  B. get   C. gets  D. was getting (    ) 24. He has taught in this school since he _____ work. A. began to  B. begins to   C. begun to     D. begin to (    ) 25. She said her brother ____ in Beijing. He ______ to Japan on business last week. A. wasn’t, went           B. hasn’t, went   C. wasn’t, would go        D. would be, went ‎ 三、 单句改错：下面每句均有一处错误，指出并加以改正 ‎1.  Did you found the answer to this question?       ‎ 11‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                         ‎ 2. ‎  Mary and her brother was born on the same day.     ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                          ‎ 3. ‎  We start this lesson about ten minutes ago.    ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                                ‎ 4. ‎  She hadn’t anything for breakfast this morning. ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                               ‎ 5. ‎  They came here for a year.   ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                                             ‎ 6. ‎  Amy singed a song for us at that party.  ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                                     ‎ 7. ‎ He said he will help me with my English when he was free.     ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                 ‎ 8. ‎  The man saw the bag until it was late.    ‎ ‎_____________________________________________________                                    ‎ 四、按照要求改写句子  1. The children had a good time in the park.‎ 否定句：__________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句：________________________________________‎ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________‎ ‎2. There were about nine hundred people at the concert.(音乐会)‎ 否定句：__________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句：________________________________________‎ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________‎ ‎3. There was only one problem.‎ 否定句：__________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句：________________________________________‎ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________‎ ‎4. Ann did her homework yesterday evening.‎ 否定句：__________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句：________________________________________‎ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________‎ ‎5. Last week I read an English book.‎ 否定句：__________________________________________‎ 一般疑问句：________________________________________‎ 肯定/否定回答：____________________________________‎ 对划线部分提问：____________________________________‎ 五、 翻译下列句子 ‎1. 我过了一个忙碌但却刺激的周末。‎ ‎_________ _________ __________ __________ __________ exciting weekend.‎ ‎2. Jenny喜欢看书。昨晚她看了一本地理方面的书籍。‎ Jenny likes ______ _______. She _______ a book ______ ________ last night.‎ ‎3. Emma每天都练习弹吉他。可是昨天他没有练习。他为数学考试作准备了。‎ Emma __________ the guitar every day. But he _________ ___________ yesterday. He _________ _________‎ 11‎ ‎ the math test.‎ ‎4. 上周六他们做什么了？他们做作业和购物了。‎ What ________ they _________ _________ Saturday?‎ They _________ __________ homework and _________ ________ .‎ ‎5. 今天早上方方得做饭，因为他父亲不在家。‎ This morning Fangfang _______ _______ _______ _______ because his father _______ ________ ________ yesterday.‎ ‎6. 你还有什么要说的？‎ What _______ would you like _______ _______?‎ ‎7. 放学别忘了向老师说声再见。‎ Don’t forget _______ ________ ________ ________ the teacher.‎ ‎8. 为什么你昨晚没有看电视？‎ Why _______ you _______ TV last night?‎ ‎9. 他在打扫教室的时候，发现地上有块表。‎ When he ______ the classroom, he ______ a watch on the ground.‎ ‎10. 他什么时候出生的？1980年。‎ ‎---When _______ he _______? ---_______ 1980. ‎ 教学反思 教学效果 下次课设想 参考答案 一、1.went 2. tying 3. bought; me 4. goes; walked 5. packing; went 6. washed 7. did; see 8. is having; has 9. wrote; will write 10. stopped 11. were not 12.was 13. moved 14. did; come 15. have 16. didn’t clean 17. was 18. were 19. was; were 20. was; had 21. drank 22. did; finish 23. was 24. gained 25. did; do 26. left 27. did; do 28. bought 29.was 30. didn’t find 31.drank 32. did; finish 33. ate 34. didn’t give 二、1. D 2.B 3. B 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. D 12.A 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. B 17. C 18. A 19. A 20. C 21. A 22.D 23. A 24. A 25.A 三、 略 四、 略 11‎ 三、 ‎1. I had a busy but ‎ 2. reading books; read; about geography ‎3. plays; didn’t practice; prepared for ‎4. did; do last; did their; went shopping ‎5. had to cook meals; wasn’t at home ‎6. else; to say ‎7. to say goodbye to ‎ ‎8. didn’t watch ‎ ‎9. was cleaning; found ‎ 10. was born; in ‎ ‎ ‎ 11‎