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初一英语可数名词与不可数名词讲义练习无答案
课题:名词变复数 【温故知新】 1. 什么是名词? 2. 名词有单复数之分吗? 3. 可数名词变复数的规则变化 4. 可数名词变复数的不规则变化 【趣味引入】 【知识梳理】 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西,也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 2. 专有名词是表示人名、地名、星期、节日、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词,多为独一无二的事物(第一个字母要大写。1)专有名词如果含有名词短语,则必须使用定冠词the。如:the Great Wall(长城)。 2)姓氏名如果采用复数的形式,则表示该姓氏一家人(复数含义)。如:the Greens(格林一家人)。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词:可以数的名词,也就是说可以计数,可以分为单数和复数两种形式。指单个人或事物时用单数 如: 一支铅笔 ,一个橙子 指两个或多个或事物时,用复数形式,可以直接用数词来修饰 如: 许多学生 ,一些汉堡包 不可数名词:没有单复数之分,也不能直接用数词表示数量。表数量用量词加of词组,其数量应通过of前面的名词体现出来:a cup of ice cream,two cups of ice cream,前可以加some、any、a lot of/much、a little 助记:不可数名词很特殊,自身从来无复数;用作主语谓用单,其前不与a/an连;数次不可用其前,表示数量把名词添。 2、 可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用用单数形式,不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用,没有复数形式。 单数名词前有a/an、the或物主代词,如:a book、the book、his book 1. family country army city story baby butterfly 2. class fox watch glass dress brush box bus 3. shelf knife wife life leaf thief 4. toy day key boy soy ray bay 5. piano photo radio zoo tomato potato 6. orange bed computer house plane tree apple 可数名词变复数规则变化 ü 一般情况,加s:bags ü 以s、sh、x、ch结尾加es:boxes ü 以 f、fe、结尾,把f、fe改为v加es:shelf→shelves,knives leaves thieves ü 以元音字母+y结尾的名词,通常直接在词尾加-s。 boy→boys,toy→toys ü 以辅音+y结尾,把y改为i,加es:baby→babies ü 以o结尾,表示有生命的加es: tomatoes、potatoes (黑人和英雄吃土豆和西红柿Negroes and heroes eat tomatoes and potatoes. ) 表示无生命的加s:pianos、photos、radios、zoos 可数名词变复数不规则变化 1、 单复数词形:sheep、Chinese、Japanese 2、复数名词:clothes、people、police 3、 特殊变化:man→men woman→women child→children,foot→feet tooth→teeth policeman→policemen 【典题探究】 一:句子单数变复数 1: This is a book. . __________________________ 2: That is an eraser. ___________________________ 3: I am a boy. ______________________________ 4: He / She is a teacher. __________________________ 5: What’s this? _________________________________ 二:名词复数变单数练习 1:Those are my friends._________________________ 2: They are English boys. __________________________ 3: They are some erasers. ________________________ 4: These are dictionaries. ___________________________ 5: We are students. ___________________________ 三:根据句意及所给单词填空。 1:________(this) are my English books. 2: The two boys are my _________(cousin). 3: ---- _________those your parents? ----Yes, they _________. 4: I have two ___________(watch). They are on the desk. 5: I have some __________(photo) of my family. 6: Do you like these ____________(dictionary)? 7: Are those your _________(bus)? 【当堂练习】 写出下列词的复数形式 baby _____ potato _____ knife _____ Chinese _____ hamburger _____ case _____ key _____ watch _____ name _____ strawberry _____ people _____ documentary _____ boy _____ piano _____ child _____ man _____ bus _____ wish _____ Japanese _____ 改错 1) He has some milks for breakfast._______________________________ 2) The girl has two apple for lunch. ________________________________ 3) I need some waters. ______________________________________________ 4) I want to see three movie. ____________________________________________ 5) We can see many cloth in the store. ________________________________ 6) Does she have three cousin? _______________________________________ 7) They are Japaneses. ______________________________________________ 8) I have some apple. _______________________________________________ 【课后作业】 根据所给单词适当的形式填空。 1. How much are those yellow (sock)? 2. There are three (orange)on the table. 3. How many (child) are there in this room? 4. Do you like (strawberry)? 5. I like eating (tomato). 1.可数名词的规则变化 2.可数名词的常见不规则变化查看更多