河北省承德市高中2021届高三第一次调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析

河北省承德市高中2021届高三第一次调研考试英语试题 Word版含解析

承德市高中(2020～2021学年)第一学期高三年级调研考试 英语 注意事项：‎ ‎1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。‎ ‎2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。‎ ‎3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。‎ 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ 例: How much is the shirt?‎ A.￡19.15. B.￡9.18. C.￡9.15.‎ 答案是C。‎ ‎1. When will Tom come?‎ A. 4:50. B. 4:30. C. 4:20.‎ ‎2. Where does the conversation most probably take place?‎ A. At home. B. In a restaurant. C. At the market.‎ ‎3. What did the man do last night?‎ A. He stayed at home talking with his friend.‎ B. He watched television with his friend.‎ C. He went to see his schoolmate.‎ ‎4. What does the man mean?‎ A. He is too busy to go with her.‎ B. He has already visited the museum.‎ - 25 -‎ C. He must hand in a report about the museum.‎ ‎5. Why is the man unable to answer the woman's questions now?‎ A. He is shopping. B. He is too tired after class. C. He doesn't have time.‎ 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What does the woman think of working in IT?‎ A. The work is not good. B. The work is very hard. C. The work has two advantages.‎ ‎7. What suggestion does the woman give to the man?‎ A. Don't work in IT. B. Avoid high blood pressure. C. Take better care of himself.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?‎ A. Workmates. B. Husband and wife. C. Father and daughter.‎ ‎9. Why did the man go to Fortaleza?‎ A. To do some shopping. B. To enjoy the scenery. C. To go on a business trip.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. A rock band. B. A great musician. C. A performance.‎ ‎11. Why did the man name his band "The Sand"?‎ A. Sand can cool one down.‎ B. Sand is tough and independent.‎ C. Sand is small and cannot be shaped.‎ ‎12. Why did the band get a new member years ago?‎ A. One of its members died.‎ B. Its audience became larger.‎ C. The market for rock music was growing.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Where is Donny now?‎ - 25 -‎ A. At home. B. On his way. C. In a cinema.‎ ‎14. Why did Donny fail to answer the phone at 8:00?‎ A. His phone wasn't on. B. He didn't hear it. C. He was busy.‎ ‎15. What was Donny doing at 9:00?‎ A. He was buying a ticket. B. He was drinking coffee. C. He was watching a film.‎ ‎16. What did Donny talk about with the manager?‎ A. Making a complaint. B. Applying for a job. C. Getting his money back.‎ 所第10段材料，回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. What did the speaker treat painting as in the beginning?‎ A. A job. B. A dream. C. A hobby.‎ ‎18. How often does the speaker paint now?‎ A. Three days a week. B. Five days a week. C. Every evening.‎ ‎19. When did the speaker start her painting?‎ A. In the primary school. B. In the middle school. C. In the high school.‎ ‎20. What will the listeners do after watching a video?‎ A. Learn to paint. B. Leave for another place. C. Have a coffee break.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Hiking Trails(路线）for Families on Long Island Planting Fields Arboretum State Historic Park,Oyster Bay INFO:9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily;$8 per carload on weekends only ‎＂Nearly half the 409 acres of the former estate of the W.R.Coe family and current state park arboretum(植物园）property is woodland that includes nature walks and a greenhouse,” confirmed by Brian Nearing,an officer at New York State Parks.Expect to see lots of wildlife,from foxes and squirrels to birds of prey,such as red-tailed hawks and great horned owls,a delight for kids.‎ Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale INFO:8 a.m.to 4 p.m.$8 parking fee daily,631-581-1005,parks.ny.gou.‎ - 25 -‎ Casey,vice president of the Long Island Greenbelt Trail Conference,recommends this park for families because they can hike any part of the 50 miles.Along the way,hikers at Connetquot River State Park Preserve might see deer,waterfowl and ospreys(鱼鹰）。‎ Southampton trails INFO:Park in museum parking lot at 377 Bridgehampton-Sag Harbor Tpke.,Bridge-hampton.No parking fee.‎ The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.Behind the South Fork Natural History Museum in Bridgehampton is a small field that surrounds around it and usually has butterflies and birds flying about.‎ Blydenburgh County Park,Hauppauge INFO:Daun to dusk.Northern entrance is at the end of New Mill Road.No parking fee.‎ The east side is flat,making the walk very kid-friendly.The west side is a bit more hilly, but both have spectacular water views of the pond.On the east side is also the rowboat license that opens on Memorial Day and benches,as well as picnic tables.When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.The start of the trails also is here.‎ ‎1. Which trail charges for parking every day?‎ A. Southampton trails.‎ B. Blydenburgh County Park.‎ C. Connetquot River State Park Preserve.‎ D. Planting fields Arboretum State Historic Park ‎2. What are Southampton trail special about?‎ A. They include a lot of guided trails.‎ B. There are rare birds along the way.‎ C. They cover the longest hiking route.‎ D. They re specially designed for small kids.‎ ‎3. What can We learn about Blydenburgh County Park?‎ A. Many hills lie on the east side B. Maps are offered at the office near the north entrance.‎ - 25 -‎ C. The trails usually start at the east entrance.‎ D. A picnic table can be available on the west side.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. A 3. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了长岛的几条家庭徒步旅行路线。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Connetquot River State Park Preserve,Oakdale部分的$8 parking fee daily可知，Connetquot River State Park Preserve每天都收费。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Southampton trails部分的The Southampton Trail Preservation Society runs many guided trails in the Hamptons, some suitable for even small children.（南安普顿小径保护协会在汉普顿有许多有向导的小径，有些甚至适合小孩子。）可知，这个远足机构经营着很多有导游的路线。故选A。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Blydenburgh County Park部分的When you're at Blyden-burgh County Park,go in the north entrance off New Mill Road near Route 347,where the main office of the Greenbelt Trail Conference is situated.The office can provide information and maps.（当你在布莱顿-伯格县公园时，从347号公路附近的新米尔路(New Mill Road)的北入口出发，那里是绿带步道会议(Greenbelt Trail Conference)的主要办公室。办公室可以提供信息和地图。）可知，可以在靠近北入口的办公室获得地图。故选B。‎ B In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before. The hole went right through the 10-foot-thick ice-berg. It was just wide enough for a man, and below it lay the sea. We had never tried to dive through such a small opening. I went first. Pushing and pulling with hands, knees, heels and the tips of my swim fins, I moved through the hole.‎ The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared - 25 -‎ ‎ and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck. Suddenly I was astonished by a sharp blow to the head: Cedric Gentil, one of my dive buddies, was trying to dig me out, and his spade(锹)had struck my skull. Finally, a hand grabbed mine and dragged me into the air. Today's dive was over-but it was only one of 32.‎ I've come here with another photographer, Vincent Munier, at the invitation of filmmaker Luc Jacquet, who's working on a sequel(续集)to his 2005 accomplishment, March of the Penguins. While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.‎ I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.‎ ‎4. Why was the layer of ice the author chose thin?‎ A. Because it was formed more recently. B. Because it was near their research base.‎ C. Because the water there was shallower. D. Because the temperature there was higher.‎ ‎5. What frightened the author when he wanted to return to the surface?‎ A. The safety rope was missing. B. Floating ice blocks were about to fill the hole.‎ C. An unknown creature attacked him D. His workmate hit his head ‎6. Why did the author dive to the Antarctica?‎ A. To record his travel in the sea B. To conduct a research under the sea.‎ C. To photograph the pairing of penguins. D. To shoot the sea-born life for Jacquet.‎ ‎7. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?‎ A. Introduce his achievements.‎ B. Show his special interest in diving.‎ C. Stress that the exploration to Antarctica was unique.‎ - 25 -‎ D. Add some scientific background information.‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。主要记叙了身为摄影师的作者和同事一起去南极拍摄水下世界的经历，作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中In the morning, when we arrived on foot at Dumont d’Urville, the French scientific base on the Adelie Coast of Est Antarctica, we had to break up a thin layer of ice that had formed over the hole we had drilled the day before.可知早晨，我们步行到了Dumont d’Urville，这是法国在南极洲东部阿德利海岸上的科学基地，我们要把昨天钻的洞上面形成的一层薄冰打碎。由此可知，作者选择薄的冰层，因为它是最近才形成的。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中The bottom surface of the sea ice is a thick mixture of floating ice blocks, and my fall had set them in motion. They were meeting on the hole as if it had been an upside-down drain. By the time I pushed one arm into the icy blocks, it was three feet thick. Grabbing the safety rope, I was scared and pulled myself up inch by inch, but my shoulders got stuck.可知海冰的底表面是一层厚厚的浮冰的混合物，我掉下去使它们动了起来。他们在那个洞上聚到了一起，就好像那是个倒挂着的下水道。当我把一只胳膊伸进冰冷的冰块时，它已经有三英尺厚了。抓住安全绳，我很害怕，一寸一寸地往上爬，但我的肩膀卡住了。由此可知，作者落入水中使水下的浮冰开始波动而后聚集堵住了洞口，因此作者很害怕。故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中While Jacquet films emperor penguins and Munier photographs them, my team will document life under the sea ice.可知在Jacquet拍摄帝企鹅，Munier拍摄它们的同时，我的团队将记录海冰下的生物。由此可知，作者潜水到南极洲是为了给Jacquet拍摄海下生物。故选D。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段I've worked for decades as a deep-diving photographer, at first in the Mediterranean Sea, where I learned to dive 30 years ago. Later, a passion for new mysteries took me elsewhere. I've dived to 400 feet off South Africa to photograph rare coelacanths(a large - 25 -‎ ‎ fish),and for 24 straight hours off Fakarava, in French Polynesia ,to witness the pairing of 17,000 groupers, but this exploration to Antarctica is unlike any other. Here we'll be diving deeper than anyone has dived before under Antarctic ice-and the conditions will be beyond harsh.可知我做了几十年的潜水摄影师，最初是在地中海，30年前我在那里学会了潜水。后来，对新神秘事物的热情把我带到了别的地方。我曾潜到离南非400英尺的海底去拍摄罕见的腔棘鱼（一种大型鱼类），也曾在法国宾夕法尼亚的法卡拉瓦海岸连续24小时，亲眼目睹一万七千只石斑鱼，但这次南极探险不同于以往。在这里，我们将潜水到比任何人都深的南极冰层下，而且条件将会更加恶劣。由此可推知，最后一段作者用了对比的写法，比如作者去过地中海，去过南非，法国宾夕法尼亚，但是这些拍摄经验都不如南极这么艰险，而且潜水的深度也不如南极那么深，而且条件异常艰辛，可知作者在最后一段想要突出南极拍照经历的独特性和艰辛性。故选C。‎ C You go to the coffee shop and take your coffee to go.You enjoy your drink,and then throw the paper cup in the garbage.Or do you put it in the recycling?It's confusing.A lot of us-people everywhere-are using to-go cups these days."A recent report said that there are 600 billion cups—billion with a"b' — that are produced and sold globally on an annual basis. So that's a lot,"says Christy Slay with The Sustainability Consortium.Starbucks alone says it contributes 1 percent of those disposable(一次性的）cups:That's an estimated 6 billion cups a year.‎ To help reduce those numbers,Starbucks and McDonald's are launching a three-year project to build a better cup:one that's both fully recyclable and compostable(可用作堆肥的）.Here's the big problem with the paper ones you get there and in other coffee shops."They look like paper,but they actually have a thin layer of plastic on the inside,"Slay says.That plastic coating keeps the cups from leaking.The problem is that it also makes the cups really hard to recycle,and only a few facilities in the world can do it. ‎ A few companies have already rolled out compostable coffee cups.But Dylan de Thomas with The Recycling Partnership says there is a problem with those cups,too."Typically they're compostable in industrial settings,so hot your backyard compost that you and I might have,but at fairly technically advanced composting facilities."There aren't a lot of those facilities around,either.‎ So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make - 25 -‎ ‎ something recyclable and compostable, says Bridget Croke with Closed Loop Partners,a firm working to build what they call a circular economy.It’s a fancy way of talking about turning waste into value.Almost anything is technically recyclable,Croke says."But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable."‎ ‎8. What are people puzzled at about the paper cup?‎ A. How to deal with the used one.‎ B. Why people reject it carelessly.‎ C. What makes it hard to compost.‎ D. Why Starbucks uses so many cups.‎ ‎9. How does the plastic layer of the paper cup function?‎ A. It helps make the cup more portable.‎ B. It makes the cup easily recyclable.‎ C. It prevents the water from escaping.‎ D. It promotes the extended use of the cup.‎ ‎10. What does Bridget Croke think of recycling the cup?‎ A. Its future is promising.‎ B It is not a profitable business.‎ C. Its technical problems are unsolvable.‎ D. A more recyclable cup will be put into the market.‎ ‎11. What can be the best title for the text?‎ A. How can we design a better paper cup?‎ B. Why is it so hard to recycle paper cups?‎ C. What can we do to lessen the need of paper cups?‎ D. What damage do paper cups cause to our environment!‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. C 10. B 11. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为什么回收纸杯这么难。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第二行Or do you put it in recycling? It’s confusing.可知，‎ - 25 -‎ 人们对于如何处理用过的纸杯很迷惑。故选A。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段倒数第三行That plastic coating keeps the cup from leaking.可知，塑料膜的存在是为了防止液体外渗。故选C。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段最后一句But recycling is a business,and if materials can't move through the recycling system and be turned into a product that has value,they're not functionally recyclable.（但回收是一项业务，如果材料不能通过回收系统转化为有价值产品，它们就不能在功能上回收利用。）可知，因为无法将纸杯变成有价值的产品，产生经济效益，所以纸杯回收不是一个有效益的事情。故选B。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章第一段引出回收纸杯这一话题，接下来的段落通过一些具体的例子说明人们在回收纸杯这个问题上做出的努力以及回收纸杯并不是一件容易的事，特别是最后一段中的“It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable,”（在21世纪，为什么要生产出更好的纸杯会如此困难呢？其实这在技术上不一定很难，难的是使纸杯可回收，还需要克服一些技术问题）可知B项：So why exactly,in the 21st century, is it so hard to produce a better paper cup?"It's not necessarily very technically hard, though there are technical problems to overcome to make something recyclable and compostable为什么回收纸杯这么难？符合题意。故选B。‎ D How can we possibly cope with the large amount of information about virus spread,stock market nosedives,canceled plans and uncertainty about the future?Some people are buried in the fear,anxiety and sadness,checking news sites and social media constantly.Others try to suppress it all and ignore the outside world(I'm guessing that Instagram has never seen so much traffic).‎ There's a third option,though.Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.In fact, research that I and others have conducted suggests that allowing the two different emotions to coexist may actually benefit us in the long run.‎ Dr.Jeff Larsen and his colleagues coined something known as the"coactivation model of mixed - 25 -‎ ‎ emotions",and the basic idea is that we may be able to deal with,and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them concurrently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.Here,positive emotions provide a psychological buffer(缓冲），making it easier for people to deal with the things they don't want to face.‎ The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.Then they would get there,and the carrot would say,'It's cool,he's with me .’ Applied to our emotional lives,we could do a better job in digesting,processing gaining insight into the negative events in our lives if we could do so alongside the positive.‎ Several years ago,my partner Jon Adler and I set out to test this exact idea.Specifically, we looked at sample of adult volunteers who signed up or weekly mental health therapy sessions.Between each week,they reported the feelings they were having and also took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health.This design allowed us to examine how different emotional experiences would impact mental health in a longitudinal fashion,over the course of 12 weeks.‎ ‎12. What does the author recommend people to do with a flood of bad news?‎ A. Take no notice of it at all.‎ B. Make better plans to fight against it.‎ C. Take in all of the negative emotions.‎ D. Involve in the negative and enjoy happiness as well.‎ ‎13. Which of the following may Jeff Larsen agree with?‎ A. Mixed emotions remain to be proved.‎ B. The negative emotion is easy to deal with.‎ C. The positive emotion makes it easier for people to succeed.‎ D. Mixed emotions allow people to handle the negative better.‎ ‎14. What does the underlined word"analogy" in paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. Exhibition. B. Promotion. C. Similarity. D. Requirement.‎ ‎15. Why were lots of questions asked during the research?‎ A. To measure the volunteers health on the whole.‎ - 25 -‎ B. To record what the volunteers are experiencing.‎ C. To treat the mental diseases of the adults.‎ D. To overturn the theory coactivation model of mixed emotions.‎ ‎【答案】12. D 13. D 14. C 15. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究表明，让这快乐和悲伤这两种不同的情绪共存从长远来看可能对我们有益。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二段Rather than fully involving in the negative or ignoring it, we can do our best to experience joy alongside everything else that is sad in the world.（与其完全沉浸在消极的事物中或者忽略它，我们可以尽我们最大的努力去体验快乐和世界上所有的悲伤。）可知，作者建议人们沉浸在消极情绪的同时，也能享受快乐。故选D。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据文章第三段第二行...and learn from negative emotions like sadness if we experience them currently with positive emotions like joy at the same time.（如果我们同时经历悲伤等消极情绪和快乐等积极情绪，我们就能够处理这些情绪，并从中学习。）可推知，Jeff Larsen可能会同意同时感受悲喜可以使得人们更好的认识悲观情绪，从而让人们更好地处理负面情绪。故选D。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据划线词所在的句子The comedian Mitch Hedberg proposed an analogy that captures this essence quite well, noting that“it would be cool if you could eat a carrot with an onion ring and they would travel down to your stomach.（喜剧演员米奇·海德伯格(Mitch Hedberg)提出了一个类比，很好地抓住了这一本质，他说:“如果你吃胡萝卜时带着洋葱圈，它们会顺着你的胃蠕动，那就太酷了。”）可知，第四段仍然在表达这样的观点，即同时体验乐观情绪可以更好的了解悲观情绪，也就是这个人的观点和第三段的观点是相似的。故选C。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第五段第三行...took a few questionnaires that were meant to assess their overall health - 25 -‎ ‎。（他们做了一些问卷来评估他们的整体健康状况。）可知，调查问卷的目的是对健康做一个综合的评估。故选A。‎ ‎【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如，文章第1小题和第4小题都属于语言转述型细节题。‎ 第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Riding bikes should be fun, and in order to have the most fun out there, we rounded up the best beginner cycling tips to help you get rolling.‎ ‎___16___‎ Experiencing pain in the front of, your knee? Your seat might be too low, causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke. This is a common mistake among beginners because most people feel more comfortable and confident if their feet can reach the ground.‎ Get a bike fit ‎___17___. The seat height should be high enough to give you a very slight bend in your knee when your feet are at the bottom of the pedal stroke, as mentioned above. Proper reach means your arms make a 45-degree angle over the bike. Too long, and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars.____18____.‎ - 25 -‎ Avoid doing too much too soon One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before you’re ready.____19____. Similarly, if you’re on a training ride, don’t start too fast and risk burnout and fatigue in the second half. Warm up during the first third of the ride, and then settle into a rhythm for the second.‎ Learn how to ride in a group Group rides have their own rules for a reason.____20____. If it’s your first time riding with a new group, hang out in the back, observe, and ask for help if you need it. No question is a dumb question when your own safety and the safety of the group is at stake.‎ A. Choose the right bike B. Set your seat height right C. Maybe you love riding non-competitively with a group D. It’s easy to cause a crash if your riding isn’t predictable E. Too short, and your knees will be too close to your arms F. To get the right fit, two elements are key: seat height and reach G. Build up slowly, ease in, and give your body time to adjust to new distances ‎【答案】16. B 17. F 18. E 19. G 20. D ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了新手骑自行车的一些小贴士。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 此处为本段小标题。结合下文三个小标题可知，此处为动词原形开头的祈使句。根据下文“Your seat might be too low, causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke.(你的座位可能太低，导致你在踩踏板时没有充分伸展)”可知，应该调整你自行车的座位高度。选择项中的“seat”与下文中的“seat”相一致。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据后两句“The seat height should be high enough to give you a very slight bend in your knee when your feet are at the bottom of the pedal stroke, as mentioned above. Proper reach means your arms make a 45-degree angle over the bike.(如上所述，当你的脚在踏板的底部时，座椅的高度应该足够让你的膝盖有一个非常轻微的弯曲。适当的伸展是指你的手臂与自行车成45度角)”可知，此处两句是为了解释座椅的高度和伸展度。选择项中的“seat height and reach - 25 -‎ ‎”和后两句中的“The seat height”“Proper reach”相一致。故选F。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据前句“Too long, and your back will be sore reaching for the handlebars.(太长了，你的背在伸手摸车把的时候就会酸痛)”可知，太短了你的膝盖会太靠近你的手臂，也会不舒服。选择项中的“Too short”与前句中的“Too long”相对应。故选E。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据本段的标题“Avoid doing too much too soon(不要太快做太多)”和前句“One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before you're ready.(受伤的最大原因之一是在你准备好之前尝试了太多的里程)”和后句“Similarly, if you're on a training ride, don't start too fast and risk burnout and fatigue in the second half.(同样地，如果你正在进行训练，不要开始得太快，否则会在后半段精疲力竭)”可知，要慢慢地锻炼，放松，给你的身体时间来适应新的距离。选择项中的“Build up slowly”和小标题“Avoid doing too much too soon”以及后句中的“don’t start too fast”表述相一致。故选G。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据前句“Group rides have their own rules for a reason.(团体骑行有自己的规则是有原因的)”可知，下一句解释其原因。因为骑行方式无法预测，很容易造成车祸，所以团队骑行能够得到帮助。故选D。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)‎ 第一节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Scott was test-driving a customer's car around Tucson, when he saw' an unconscious woman behind her wheel(方向盘)with the emergency flasher on.‎ The 21-year-old man immediately stopped and jumped into____21____. The woman's car was still____22____gently. Scott stopped the front wheel of her car with a big rock and went to the window. The woman was____23____and her lips had turned blue. Scott started hitting her window hard, shouting but she didn't____24____. Scott didn't have his phone; He____25____takes it with him when he's out test-driving cars, because he doesn't want any distraction while____26____on the road.‎ Fortunately, two passers-by stopped and were able to call 911 but help was still minutes away.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎ So Scott broke a back____27____and opened her car. He____28____her pulse(脉搏)and couldn't feel one.‎ Scott knew he needed to give the woman CPR(心脏复苏术), but he'd never____29____for it. And then it____30____to him that in a film a man performed CPR to a model to the rhythm of Bee Gees "staying alive". He started giving her CPR____31____saying "staying alive" loud. A minute later the woman came around.‎ If Scott hadn't given her CPR, the results would have been very different. Scott's____32____drew national media attention and many interview requests. But Scott turned them all____33____except his friends' and strangers' congratulations on his____34____. He said that he just did what anyone else in his____35____would have done.‎ ‎21. A. function B. action C. attention D. tension ‎22. A. moving B. driving C. walking D. pulling ‎23. A. attractive B. active C. anxious D. unconscious ‎24. A. say B. see C. explain D. react ‎25. A. always B. never C. ever D. once ‎26. A. shopping B. calling C. working D. playing ‎27. A. seat B. mirror C. wheel D. window ‎28. A. checked B. found C. gave D. got ‎29. A. used B. trained C. looked D. paid ‎30. A. happened B. stuck C. occurred D. remembered ‎31. A. before B. after C. while D. since ‎32. A. behaviors B. attitudes C. gestures D. cheers ‎33. A. up B. down C. off D. on ‎34. A. criticism B. enthusiasm C. heroism D. realism ‎35. A. condition B. situation C. location D. direction ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. B ‎【解析】‎ - 25 -‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了21岁男子Scott在试驾途中遇到一位在车里失去意识的女性，他尽自己所能帮助了他，他的行为引起了全国媒体的关注和许多采访请求，但是他都拒绝了，他认为他只是做了别人处在他这种情况下也会做的事。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这名21岁男子立即停下车，开始行动。A. function功能；B. action行动；C. attention注意力；D. tension紧张。根据后文“Scott stopped the front wheel of her car with a big rock…”可知Scott停下了车，开始了救助这个女人的行动（action）。故选B。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：那个女人的车仍然在轻轻地移动。A. moving移动；B. driving驾驶；C. walking散步；D. pulling拉。结合后文“Scott stopped the front wheel of her car with a big rock”Scott用石头把车停了下来，可推知当时那个女人的车还移动。故选A。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个女人失去了意识，嘴唇发青。A. attractive吸引人的；B. active活跃的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. unconscious无意识的。对应第一段中“an unconscious woman”可知这个女人失去了意识。故选D。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott开始使劲敲打她的窗户，大喊大叫，但她没有反应。A. say说话；B. see看见；C. explain解释；D. react反应。根据上文“Scott started hitting her window hard, shouting but she didn't”可知but表示转折，说明虽然Scott敲打窗户，但是女人没有反应。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Scott没有带手机，他在试驾时从不带着它，因为他不想在路上工作时分心。A. always总是；B. never从不；C. ever曾经；D. once一旦。根据后文“because he doesn't want any distraction”可知因为不想被手机分心，Scott开车从不带着手机。故选B。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott没有带手机，他在试驾时从不带着它，因为他不想在路上工作时分心。A. shopping购物；B. calling打电话；C. working工作；D. playing玩耍。结合第一段中“Scott was test-driving a customer's car around Tucson”可知Scott在路上给顾客试驾车子，是在工作。故选C。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以Scott打破了后窗，打开了她的车。A. seat座位；B. mirror镜子；C. wheel轮子；D. window窗户。根据前后文语境“Scott broke a back … and opened her car”可知Scott打破了后窗，打开了车子。故选D。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他检查了她的脉搏，但没有感觉到脉搏。A. checked检查；B. found找到；C. gave给予；D. got得到。结合后文“her pulse and couldn't feel one”可知Scott检查了这个女人的脉搏。故选A。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Scott知道他需要给这个女人做心肺复苏术，但他从来没有接受过这方面的培训。A. used使用；B. trained培训，训练；C. looked看；D. paid支付。结合后文Scott仿照电影里的场景给女人做心肺复苏可知，他没有受过这方面的训练。故选B。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他又想起，在一部电影里，一个人跟着比吉斯的《活着》的节奏对一个模特做心肺复苏。A. happened发生；B. stuck刺；C. occurred发生；D. remembered记得。此处为固定句型it occurred to sth. that…表示“某人突然想到……”。故选C。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查连词词义辨析。句意：他开始在给她做心肺复苏的同时，大声说“要活下去”。A. before在……之前；B. after在……之后；C. while在……过程中，当……时候；D. since自从。表示他开始在给她做心肺复苏的同时，大声说“要活下去”，应用while。故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Scott的行为引起了全国媒体的关注和许多采访请求。A. behaviors行为；B. attitudes态度；C. gestures姿态；D. cheers欢呼。此处指上文Scott救助了车里昏迷女性的行为。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但Scott除了朋友和陌生人对他的英雄主义的祝贺外，都拒绝了。A. turn up开大；B. turn down拒绝；C. turn off关闭；D. turn on打开。结合后文“except his friends' and strangers' congratulations on”可知除了朋友和陌生人对他的英雄主义的祝贺，Scott拒绝了媒体的采访请求。故选B。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但Scott除了朋友和陌生人对他的英雄主义的祝贺外，都拒绝了。‎ - 25 -‎ A. criticism批评；B. enthusiasm热情；C. heroism英雄主义；D. realism现实主义。结合上文Scott救了车里昏迷的女性，可知是祝贺他的英雄行为。故选C。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他说他只是做了别人处在他这种情况下也会做的事。A. condition条件；B. situation情况；C. location位置；D. direction方向。结合上文内容可知Scott在试驾途中遇到这位失去意识的女性，主动帮助了她，故此处指的是别人处在他这种情况（situation）下也会做这样的事。故选B。‎ 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Foster (寄养) homes provide____36____safe and good environment for pets that are waiting to____37____(adopt). According to Pet Rescue, many shelters and rescue____38____(organization) will not take in homeless pets unless they have a place for homeless pets____39____(live). While the Humane Society of the US asked states to offer animal shelters necessary services, many have had to close because____40____fewer and fewer volunteers. At the same time there has been an increase in pets coming into shelters as the pet owners are too sick and they have to give up____41____(take) care of them or can no longer afford to keep their pets.‎ The Arizona Humane Society in Phoenix has a new drive-up service. People who volunteer to foster animals can send a text when they arrive and the shelter staff will quickly bring the paperwork to the car to complete the procedure of getting the new foster fur baby. There____42____(be) 345 pets from the shelter being fostered. There is still a need for pet fosters across the US, so if you are____43____(interest), you should contact an animal shelter or rescue near you without____44____(hesitate). Pets add so much to people's lives_____45_____you will not be disappointed to have a fur baby in your home.‎ ‎【答案】36. a 37. be adopted ‎ ‎38. organizations ‎ ‎39. to live ‎ ‎40. of 41. taking ‎ ‎42. are 43. interested ‎ ‎44. hesitation ‎ ‎45. that - 25 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文，主要讲述的是在新冠疫情期间，动物避难所不得不关闭，面对这种情况，政府和动物避难所号召人们寄养宠物。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查冠词。句意：寄养家庭为等待被收养的宠物提供了一个安全和良好的环境。environment“环境”是可数名词，根据句意可知，此处是泛指，应用不定冠词；又safe的发音是辅音音素开头，应用冠词a。故填a。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。句意：寄养家庭为等待被收养的宠物提供了一个安全和良好的环境。根据短语wait to do sth.“等待做某事”可知to是不定式符号，其后应接动词原形，又逻辑主语pets和adopt之间是被动关系，故应用不定式的被动语态to be done，句中已有to，故填be adopted。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词的数。句意：根据宠物救援，很多收容所和救援组织不会收留无家可归的宠物，除非他们有一个可以供无家可归动物居住的地方。分析句子可知，此处应填名词，和shelters构成并列的主语，organization“组织”是可数名词，结合语境和上文的many判断用复数形式，故填organizations。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。根据宠物救援，很多收容所和救援组织不会收留无家可归的宠物，除非他们有一个可以供无家可归动物居住的地方。分析句子可知，设空处应填非谓语动词，结合语境此处应用不定式作为名词place的后置定语，a place to live“一个居住的地方”，故填to live。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：当美国人道协会要求各州为动物收容所提供必要的服务时，很多不得不关闭，因为志愿者越来越少。根据句意可知，此处表原因，但因fewer and fewer volunteers.是一个名词词组，故用because of“因为”符合语境，故填of。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查动名词。句意：与此同时，来动物收容所的动物在增加，因为他们的主人病情严重，不得不放弃照顾它们，或者无法承担继续养它们。根据give up doing sth.“放弃做某事”可知，此处应用动名词作为give up的宾语。故填taking。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ - 25 -‎ 考查时态。句意：有许多来自收容所的宠物被寄养。分析句子可知，设空处是句子谓语动词，结合语境可知本文陈述社会现状，应用一般现在时，there be句型适用就近原则，谓语动词应和后面的pets保持一致，故用复数形式，故填are。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：美国各地仍有宠物寄养的需求，所以如果感兴趣的话，你应该毫不犹豫地联系身边的动物收容所或救援组织。分析句子结构可知，此处应用形容词作为表语，修饰主语you，且意为“感兴趣的”，应用v-ed形式的形容词，故填interested。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：美国各地仍有宠物寄养的需求，所以如果感兴趣的话，你应该毫不犹豫地联系身边的动物收容所或救援组织。分析句子可知，设空处应用名词作为介词without的宾语，hesitation“犹豫”不可数，故填hesitation。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查状语从句。句意：宠物为人们的生活增添了如此多的东西，所以你应该不会因为家里有个毛茸茸的小东西而感到失望。根据句意可知，此处考查so…that…“如此……以至于……”引导的结果状语从句，故填that。‎ 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎46. 近期你校将举办英语听力竞赛，请用英文给你校英语俱乐部成员写一则通知，内容包括：‎ ‎1.竞赛信息；‎ ‎2.表达期待。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.写作词数应为80左右；‎ ‎2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。‎ NOTICE ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ English Club ‎【答案】One possible version:‎ NOTICE - 25 -‎ In order to stimulate an active role in learning English, an English listening contest is going to be organized in the school hall on October 10th.We hope all of you take an active part.‎ There will be 12 teams competing for the contest, which will begin at 9:00 am and end at 11:45 am. You can sign up at our school website. You’d better prepare for it ahead of time, such as practicing listening by yourself.‎ At last, I hope every team will arrive there on time and get a good mark to make great progress in English.‎ English Club ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇应用文。本篇要求考生给英语俱乐部写一份关于举办英语听力竞赛的通知。‎ ‎【详解】体裁：应用文 时态：根据提示，时态应以一般现在时和一般将来时为主 要求：‎ ‎1.竞赛信息；‎ ‎2.表达期待。‎ 第二步：列提纲（重点词组）‎ in order to do sth.; stimulate; organize; take an active part in; end; had better do sth.; prepare for; on time; make great progress 第三步：连词成句 ‎1.Aiming to stimulate an active role in learning English, we are going to hold an English listening contest in the school hall on October 10th.‎ ‎2.We hope that all of you take an active part.‎ ‎3.12 teams will compete for the contest, which will begin at 9:00 am and end at 11:45 am. ‎ ‎4.You can sign up at our school website. ‎ ‎5.You should get well prepared for it, such as practicing listening by yourself.‎ ‎6.Finally, I hope every team will arrive there on time and get a good mark to make great progress in English.‎ - 25 -‎ 第四步：连句成篇（加入衔接词或从句）‎ 表示并列的连词：and/but/or/so…‎ 状语从句连词：because/ if/ though/ although…‎ 定语从句连词：which/ that/ when/ where…‎ 第五步：修改润色（加入高级词汇或短语）‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了一些主从复合句，例如：There will be 12 teams competing for the contest, which will begin at 9:00 am and end at 11:45 am.中使用which引导非限制性定语从句；At last, I hope every team will arrive there on time and get a good mark to make great progress in English.使用了宾语从句，省略了连接词that。‎ 第二节(满分25分)‎ ‎47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。‎ While driving, I sensed something wrong with my car. Pulling into the first parking lot I found, I stopped it and climbed out to assess the situation. My heart sank as I discovered that one of my rear(后面的) tires was flat.‎ I'd bought the secondhand car several months before, but it didn't include a spare tire. Although I knew I needed to purchase one, my schedule was so tight that I hadn't done it yet. Because I was working full-time in the emergency room at a local hospital and taking evening classes at a university fifty miles away.‎ Now here I was, alone forty miles from home. In those days, cell phones were a luxury. I had no way to call for assistance.‎ My spirits grew darker the minute I checked the place where I had pulled over. No one was around, except a rusty, red truck. It was getting dark. I had two options: stay in my car until morning or start walking in hopes of finding a convenience store with a pay phone. Neither option appealed to me.‎ I about to grab my purse and set off on foot when a man came out from what seemed to be a law office. Pulling a set of keys from his pocket, he locked the office door, and then turned and saw me standing next to my car. I must have looked scared and confused as he headed straight toward me.‎ ‎"Can I help you with anything?" he asked.‎ - 25 -‎ Judging from his appearance I decided I could trust him.‎ ‎"I have a flat tire but don't have a spare," I said, relieved to see him.‎ ‎"I can help you remove the flat and then drive you to a tire shop to get it fixed," he said.‎ I remembered the cautionary(告诫的) words my parents had drilled into my head: Never get in a car with a stranger.‎ ‎"That's okay," I said. "Thanks anyway."‎ 注意：‎ ‎1.续写词数应为150左右；‎ ‎2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。‎ The man shrugged, walked to his truck and drove away.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Half an hour later, he was back.‎ ‎__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】The man shrugged, walked to his truck and drove away. My heart sank as I watched him pull out of the parking lot and onto the street. Regretting bitterly, I set out on foot to find the nearest convenience store. I’d barely walked ten steps when the truck pulled back into the parking lot. The man got out and walked over to me. “I can’t leave you alone like this. I'll take the flat to the tire shop and get it fixed for you.”‎ Half an hour later, he was back. “The tire store was closing just as I pulled in,” he said, coming over to my car. “I told them you were alone, and they agreed to stay and fix it for you.” “Thank you so much,” I said, watching as he replaced the wheel. “How much do I owe you?” “It cost eighty-five dollars because they had to replace the tire itself. The hole was too big to repair.” Eighty-five dollars! That would put a serious burden on my budget. Yet I was grateful for all he’d done to help a stranger.‎ - 25 -‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读所给文章可知，作者独自在外车胎瘪了，几乎没有人，在天快黑时一个男人愿意帮助作者把车胎拆掉并且送他去轮胎店修理，这事作者想起来了父母和他说过不要和陌生人一起上车。‎ ‎【详解】续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：那人耸耸肩，走到他的卡车前，开车走了……所以本段应该写这个男人开车走后作者的心情，以及之后男人还会做出怎么样的举动，是否会返回。第二段的开头是：半小时后，他回来了……所以本段应该写这个男人回来之后是如何帮助作者以及和作者之间关于修轮胎的对话，作者最后很感激这个人为帮助一个陌生人所做的一切。‎ 续写时还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。按要求完成写作任务。‎ ‎【点睛】文章思路清晰，语言规范，段落整齐，语篇连贯，层次清晰。使用了较为高级的句式: 运用原因状语从句It cost eighty-five dollars because they had to replace the tire itself. 运用省略that引导的定语从句Yet I was grateful for all he’d done to help a stranger.高级句式的应用提升了写作的档次，整个短文显示出了作者高水平的英语表达能力。‎ - 25 -‎