2020届译林版高中英语复习必修1学案：Unit1Schoollife

2020届译林版高中英语复习必修1学案：Unit1Schoollife

Unit 1 School life 一、课前基础自查 ‎(一)分类记单词——省时高效 Ⅰ.阅读单词(知其意)‎ ‎1．literature n．　　　　　　文学 ‎2．Spanish n．& adj. 西班牙语(的)；西班牙人(的)‎ ‎3．sculpture n. 雕像，雕塑 ‎4．dessert n. 甜点 ‎5．academic adj. 学业的，学术的 ‎6．former adj. 以前的 ‎7．title n. (书的)名称；(文章的)题目，篇名 ‎8．dynasty n. 朝代，王朝 ‎9．somehow adv. 不知为什么；不知怎么地 ‎10．literary adj. 文学的 ‎11．assembly n. 集会，会议 ‎12．surf vt.& vi. 冲浪 Ⅱ.重点单词(写其形)‎ ‎1．experience n．& vt. 经历，体验 ‎2．earn vt. 获得；赚，挣得 ‎3．average adj. 一般的，普通的；平均的 ‎4．struggle n. 难事；斗争；努力 vi. 奋斗，努力；挣扎 ‎5.extra adj.　　　　　　额外的，外加的 ‎6．exchange n．& vt. 交换；交流 ‎7．donate vt. 捐赠 ‎8．splendid adj. 极佳的，非常好的 ‎9．independent adj. 独立的 ‎10．inform vt. 通知，告知 ‎11．run vt. 管理；操作 ‎12．host n. 主持人；主人，东道主 ‎13．charge n. 负责，掌管 ‎ vt. 使承担责任；收费 ‎14．event n. (重要)事件；社交活动；比赛项目 ‎15．outing n. 短途旅行，远足 ‎16．generation n. 一代，一代人 ‎17．select vt. 选择，挑选 ‎18．enjoyable adj. 有乐趣的；令人愉快的 ‎19．cooking n. 做饭；烹饪，烹调 ‎20．schoolmate n. 同学，校友 ‎21．recent adj. 新近的；最近的 ‎22．broadcast vt.& n. 广播，播放 ‎ Ⅲ.拓展单词(通其变)‎ ‎1．respect n．& vt.尊敬，敬重→respectful adj.表示敬意的，尊敬的→respectable adj.值得尊敬的；体面的 ‎2．devote vt.致力于；献身→devoted adj.忠实的；深爱的→devotion n．奉献；挚爱 ‎3．challenging adj.具有挑战性的→challenge vt.& n．向……挑战；挑战 ‎4．encouragement n．鼓励→encourage vt.鼓励→encouraged adj.鼓舞的→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的 ‎5．satisfaction n．满意→satisfy vt.使……满意→satisfied adj.满意的→satisfying/satisfactory adj.令人满意的 ‎6．graduate vi.毕业 n．毕业生→graduation n．毕业 ‎7．fluent adj.流利的→fluently adv.流利地→fluency n．流利 ‎8．painting n．绘画，绘画作品→paint vt.油漆；绘画→painter n．画家；油漆匠 ‎9．approve vt.& vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意→approval n．批准，赞成→approving adj.赞成的，满意的 ‎10．preparation n．准备，筹备→prepare vt.准备，筹备→prepared adj.有准备的 ‎[语境活用]‎ ‎1．Few people are able to devote themselves fully to their careers.Once they are devoted to them, their devotion must bring them a big success.(devote)‎ ‎2．Thanks to your encouragement, I made continuous and encouraging progress in math, and finally I decided to study it in the university.(encourage)‎ ‎3．Tim's plan was finally approved by all members of the board, and the approval won him many approving glances.(approve)‎ ‎4．To tell the truth, the teacher didn't make good preparations for his lessons.I had no choice but to be prepared to study by myself.(prepare)‎ ‎5．The result of the experiment was very satisfying/satisfactory. Not only did we feel satisfied with it, but our teacher looked at us with satisfaction.(satisfy)‎ ‎6．Though some people couldn't fully understand what the old painter wanted to show in his paintings, the experts thought his works were painted wonderfully.(paint)‎ ‎(二)练中记短语——记牢用活 写准记牢 语境活用(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.for free　　　　　　　免费；无偿地 ‎2．be fond of 喜欢，喜爱 ‎3．look back (on) 回忆，回顾 ‎4．make use of 利用；使用 ‎5．in charge of 负责，掌管 ‎1.Young people often look ahead to the future while the elderly look back on the past.‎ ‎2．We should make use of our time to do useful and productive things.‎ ‎3．The chief engineer is a man of wisdom, who is in charge of directing the building of the subway.‎ ‎6．used to do sth. 过去常常做某事 ‎7．be happy with 对……满足 ‎8．devote oneself to ... 献身于……‎ ‎9．than usual 比以往 ‎10．in exchange for 交换；交流 ‎11．more than 超过；不仅仅 ‎12．make sure 确保，保证 ‎13．be available for 有用的；空闲的 ‎14．take good care of 好好照顾 ‎15．refer to 指的是；提及；查阅 ‎16．come up with 提出；想出 ‎4．Mary was fond of running after every new fashion when she was young.‎ ‎5．Most of schools in that country supply lunch food to children for free.‎ ‎6．The teacher wondered who could come up with a good solution to this problem.‎ ‎7．I used to get up late, but I am used to doing morning exercises every day now.‎ ‎8．After he retired from work, he devoted himself to the education in his hometown.‎ ‎9．She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women.But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people.‎ ‎(三)仿写明句式——以用为本 教材原句 句式解读 句式仿写 ‎1.We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.‎ 上某些课的时候，班上的同学也不一样，所以对于我来说记住所有人的面孔和名字可是一件难事。‎ ‎“It is/was＋n.＋for sb. to do sth.”结构中，it替代动词不定式作形式主语。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)每首唐诗都联系着一个故事，因此对你来说理解它们比较容易。‎ Each Tang Poem is attached to a story, so it's easier for you to understand them.‎ ‎2.Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.‎ ‎ 一完成学业，他就开始了中国之旅。‎ upon/on＋n./doing ... 意为“一……就……”。‎ ‎(2018·北京高考满分作文)一听到你要上北京的大学，我不禁兴奋地跳了起来。‎ On hearing that you were going to a university in Beijing, I jumped up with excitement.‎ ‎3.The more choices you have, the better your decisions will be.‎ 你选择的余地越大，你的决定就会越好。‎ the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...意为“越……，越……”。‎ ‎(2017·全国卷Ⅱ写作佳句)关于剪纸，你练习得越多，你就会越擅长它。‎ The more you practice papercutting, the better at it you will become.‎ ‎4.I was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying. ‎ so ... that ...‎ ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅲ写作佳句)我们学校变化太大了，乍一看你可能认不出来。‎ Our school has changed so much that 起初我有些紧张，但所有成员都那么亲切、友好，我很快就不担心了。‎ ‎ 意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。‎ ‎ you may not recognize it at first glance.‎ 二、课堂重点深化 ‎1．experience vt.经历，体验 n．[U]经验；[C]经历 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中experience的词性和含义 ‎①I'd like to invite you to experience the newlyrun highspeed train to Donghu, which is about 500 kilometers away from here.vt.体验 ‎②Without his wartime experience, Hemingway wouldn't have written his famous novel A Farewell to Arms.n.[C]经历 ‎③First of all, volunteering can help us to learn more about society and gain valuable experience.n.[U]经验 片段语法填空 ‎④If you are an experienced (experience) traveler wanting to explore China fully, it is recommended that you should travel to Dunhuang, Zhangye, Jiayuguan, Turpan, Kashi and Urumqi to follow the footprint of Marco Polo and feel the experiences (experience) of Marco Polo on the journey.This route will be an unforgettable experience for you and it will be fit for you.I believe you can gain lots of experience (experience) and knowledge of traveling from this journey.‎ 完成句子 ‎⑤It seems as if he has no experience in training football players.‎ 看起来他似乎并没有训练足球运动员的经验。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)be a(n) ... experience for sb.　　　　　　　 对某人来说是一种……的经历 have (no) experience in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面有(无)经验/(不)在行 ‎(2)experienced adj. 有经验的；熟练的 be experienced in (doing) sth. 在(做)某事方面有经验/在行 inexperienced adj. 缺乏经验的 ‎[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥Joining the club will be interesting experience for Job.interesting前加an 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·天津高考书面表达)我知道你在参加机器人技能竞赛 (robotics ‎ competition)方面经验很丰富。‎ I know you have much experience in taking part in the robotics competition.‎ ‎[名师指津]　当experience意为“经历，体验”时是可数名词，意为“经验”时是不可数名词， 其前可用little, much等修饰。‎ ‎2．respect vt.尊敬；尊重 n．细节，方面；尊重；敬意，问候 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中respect的含义 ‎①A person might fully disagree with others on any issue, while at the same time respecting those with different opinions and treating them with dignity.尊重 ‎②This proposal given by our tutor is really excellent in all respects. 方面，细节 ‎③I'm sorry I can't come up to your apartment. Give my respects to your parents.问候 单句语法填空 ‎④Whether you're declining an invitation to a party or turning down a new project at work, you can say no while still being respectful (respect)．‎ ‎⑤The following five years will be a crucial period for building a moderately prosperous society in all respects (respect)．‎ ‎⑥My English teacher is modest, so all of us show respect for him.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)respect sb.for ...　　　　　　 因……而尊重某人 ‎(2)have/show respect for ... 对……表示敬意 in all/many respects 在各个/许多方面 with respect to 关于；就……而言 ‎(3)respectful adj. 恭敬的，有礼貌的 be respectful of ... 对……尊重 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑦I deeply respect him his courage, which has helped him overcome so much difficulty.his前加for 佳句时时写 ‎⑧(2018·浙江高考书面表达)关于英语口语，我曾在学校口语大赛中获得一等奖。‎ With respect to spoken English, I once won the first prize in the spoken English contest in our school.‎ ‎3．devote vt.致力于；献身 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①He has become Lily's devoted (devote) friend and comforter.‎ ‎②Society even praises “burning the candle at both ends” as a sign of our devotion (devote) to work and family.‎ ‎③(2016·四川高考)But we do think that you can live a more powerful life when you devote some of your time and energy to something much larger than yourself.‎ 句型转换 ‎④Devoted to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.‎ ‎→Devoting herself to teaching the deaf children, the young lady has little time to care for her own daughter.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)devote ... to ... 把……奉献于/专注于……‎ devote oneself to (doing) ... 献身于……；致力于(做)……‎ ‎(2)devoted adj 忠实的；深爱的 be devoted to (doing) ... 奉献于(做)……；专心于(做)……‎ ‎(3)devotion n. 关爱；关照；奉献；忠诚 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤We teenagers should be devoted to read what we are interested in.read→reading 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)我经常在空闲的时候和我的同学在学校体育馆打羽毛球。‎ I often devote my free time to playing badminton with my classmates in the school stadium.‎ ‎[名师指津]　devote ...to ...中的“to”是介词，其后常接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。类似短语有：‎ adapt ...to ... 使适应；使配合 adjust ...to ... 调节……以适应 addict ...to ... 使……对……上瘾 apply ...to ... 把……应用于……‎ attach ...to ... 把……附在……上 ‎4．average adj.一般的，普通的；平均的 n．平均，平均数 v．算出……的平均数；平均为 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 写出下列句中average的词性和含义 ‎①The average temperature here ranges between 23℃ and 39℃ and 51% of the island is covered with forests.adj.平均的 ‎②(2017·全国卷Ⅱ)Freddy was an average student，but not an average person.adj.普通的 ‎③A survey shows parents spend an average of $220 a year on toys in Shanghai.n.平均数 ‎④Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.v.平均为 完成小语境 ‎⑤There were 90 students getting full marks in the exam, on average 18 students in each class. Tom's score was above average while John's was below average.‎ 在这次考试中有90个同学得到了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水平以上，而约翰的(成绩)在平均水平以下。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ on (the) average　　　　　　　 平均起来 above/below average 平均水平以上/以下 an average of 平均有……‎ ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑥40 hours is a fairly average working week for most people.典型的；正常的 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·天津高考书面表达)在上一次机器人竞赛中，你的测试成绩高于所有参与者的平均水平。‎ In the last robotics competition, your test scores were above average in all participants.‎ ‎5．struggle n．斗争；努力；难事vi.奋斗，努力；挣扎 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 完成句子 ‎①The two boxers struggled with/against each other and the referee separated them.‎ 两位拳击手扭打在了一起，裁判把他们分开了。‎ ‎②Bravely, Mary struggled to her feet, and fought against the wind and rain beating against her.‎ 玛丽勇敢地挣扎着站起来，同扑向她的暴风雨作斗争。‎ ‎③We should help those who are still struggling for liberation.‎ 我们应当帮助那些仍在为解放而斗争的人们。‎ ‎④India had to struggle to beat defending champions South Korea 2∶0.‎ 印度队苦战之下才以2∶0击败卫冕冠军韩国队。‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ struggle for ...　　　　　　　 为……而奋斗 struggle with/against ... 与……作斗争 struggle to do sth. 挣扎着做某事 struggle to one's feet 挣扎着站起来 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 僻义牢牢记 ‎⑤She has a good appetite so losing weight was a terrible struggle to her.费力的事；难事 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2018·北京高考书面表达)从现在起，你应该为你的未来做准备，为你的梦想而奋斗，你就会获得北京语言大学的录取通知书。‎ From now on, you should prepare yourself for your future, struggle for your dream and you will get the offer from Beijing Language and Culture University.‎ ‎6．exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Last summer I attended an English summer camp for SinoUS cultural exchanges (exchange), which I have long been dreaming about.‎ ‎②No money with him, the poor fellow had to be a dustman in exchange for a week's accommodation.‎ ‎③The Internet enables us to exchange ideas with many others to check our claims and to judge our actions.‎ ‎④Their daughter is to go to USA for further education next month and the Browns will like to exchange some pounds for dollars.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)exchange student　　　　　 交换生 ‎ in exchange (for ...) 作为交换(……)‎ ‎(2)exchange sth. for sth. 用某物交换某物 exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤I've offered to paint the kitchen in exchange with a week's accommodation.with→for 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2016·天津高考书面表达)通过一些活动，我们彼此交流在学习方法方面的观点，分享一些特别的课程。‎ Through some activities, we exchanged ideas on ways of study and shared some special classes with each other.‎ ‎⑦(2014·天津高考书面表达)我是李津，高二(一)班班长，很高兴听说你将以交换生的身份来我们学校。‎ I'm Li Jin, monitor of Class One, Grade Eleven.I'm glad to hear that you will come to our school as an exchange student.‎ ‎7．donate vt.捐赠 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①After the earthquake happened, many actors donated much money to the disaster area.‎ ‎②To help more people in India, the IMA Blood Bank has also developed a team to educate the public about blood donation (donate). ‎ ‎③Doctors are searching a blood donator (donate) to the patient whose blood type is rare.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)donate ... to ... 　　　　 把……捐献给…… ‎ ‎(2)donation n. 捐赠，捐赠物 donator n. 捐赠者，赠送者 ‎　‎ ‎[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The old man donated a lot of money for the school, enabling the students to return to their classroom.for→to 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2015·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)在那之后，我们将做一些其他有意义的活动，包括捐赠一些礼物给那儿的老人们。‎ After that, we will do some other meaningful activities, including donating some gifts to the old there.‎ ‎8．inform vt.通知，告知 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①(2015·福建高考)It was considerate of Michael to inform us of his delay in case we got worried.‎ ‎②(2018·北京高考)I didn't do either well.He later informed me that I was “not athletic”．‎ ‎③The old man reads newspapers every day to keep himself informed (inform) of what's going on in the world.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)inform sb. that ...　　　　 通知/告知某人……‎ inform sb. of ... 通知/告知某人……‎ keep sb. informed of ... 使某人随时了解……‎ ‎(2)information n. [U]信息 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④(2017·全国卷Ⅱ短文改错)Besides, they often get some useful informations from the Internet.informations→information 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2017·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)我给你写信是想告知你我们下一次上课的时间和地点。‎ I'm writing to inform you of the time and place of our next class.‎ ‎[名师指津]　inform后不能直接带双宾语，而是借助于介词of，构成inform sb.of sth.结构。类似的结构还有：‎ warn sb.of sth.　　　　 警告某人当心某事 cure sb.of sth. 治愈某人的疾病 remind sb.of sth. 提醒某人某事 convince sb.of sth. 使某人确信某事 accuse sb.of sth. 控告某人某事 ‎9．approve vt.& vi.批准，通过；赞成，同意 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①You made a good decision, and I thoroughly approve of it.‎ ‎②I would appreciate it if you could give your approval (approve) to my application.‎ 句型转换 ‎③The mother didn't gave her approval to her daughter going out at night.‎ ‎→The mother didn't approve of her daughter going out at night.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)approve sth.　　　　　　　 批准/同意某事 approve of sb./sth. 赞成/批准……‎ approve of one's doing sth. 同意某人做某事 ‎(2)approval n. 赞成；同意；批准，认可 give one's approval to sth. 批准/同意某事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎④The couple won't give their approval of their daughter marrying such a lazy fellow.of→to 佳句时时写 ‎⑤(2017·北京高考书面表达)经过热烈的讨论，我们一致赞同制作一个视频来记录我们在学校的经历。‎ After a heated discussion, we all approved of our making a video to record our experiences at school.‎ ‎[名师指津]　“同意某人做某事”不可说成approve sb.to do sth., 应该用approve of one's doing sth.，其中介词of后是动名词的复合结构。‎ ‎10．charge n．负责，掌管；费用 vt.使承担责任；收费，要价；控告 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 介词填空 ‎①They charged me five dollars for a cup of coffee.‎ ‎②As the Community Manager in KidPass, you'll be in charge of a vivid community for parents.‎ ‎③The man wearing a blue hat was charged with theft in the supermarket.‎ ‎④These courses are online, free of charge, and open to anyone in the world who has a laptop and an Internet connection.‎ 一句多译 经理不在时，他的儿子负责这个公司。‎ ‎⑤His son was in charge of the company while the manager was away.‎ ‎⑥The company was in the charge of his son while the manager was away.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)in charge of　　　　　　 负责，掌管 in the charge of ... 由……负责/掌管 free of charge 免费 take charge of 负责，掌管 ‎(2)charge sb./sth. for ... 为……向某人/某物要价 charge sb. with sth. 控告某人某事 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错对对碰(in charge of/in the charge of)‎ ‎⑦The house has been in the charge of Mr.Bell for more than a year.‎ ‎⑧Mr.Bell has been in charge of the house for more than a year.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎(2016·天津高考书面表达)在两周的时间里，我们举办了一系列关于学习和运动的活动，其中一些是由英国学生负责的。‎ ‎⑨During the period of two weeks, we held a series of activities on study and sports and a few of them were in the charge of English students.(并列句)‎ ‎⑩During the period of two weeks, we held a series of activities on study and sports, a few of which were in the charge of English students.(复合句)‎ ‎[名师指津]　in charge of多以人作主语，指“某人负责/主管某事”；in the charge of多以物作主语，指“某物由某人掌管”。用法类似的还有：in possession of, in the possession of; in control of, in the control of。‎ ‎1．for free免费；无偿地 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 介词填空 ‎①Besides building my body and enriching my knowledge, playing football and reading stories also free me from/of the heavy work of study.‎ ‎②Kennedy Space Center Official Guide App is available for free in both the App Store and Google Play.‎ ‎③You needn't worry about money.With your membership card, you can attend Twilight concerts free of charge.‎ ‎④The filtration (过滤) system provides the crew with clean air free from fumes.‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ free of charge　　　　　　 免费 ‎(be) free from/of ... 不受……的影响 free ... from/of ... 把……从……中解放出来 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑤I wasn't expecting you to do it free and I intended to give you some money.‎ 在free前加for 佳句时时写 ‎⑥(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)新体育场让我们可以不受坏天气的影响，自由地享受体育活动的时间。‎ The new gymnasium allows us to be free from the bad weather and enjoy the sports time freely.‎ ‎2．look back (on)回忆，回顾 ‎　[系统归纳]‎ look around　　　　　　　　 环视 look down on/upon 轻视，瞧不起 look forward to 盼望，期望 look into 调查，向……里看 look out for 注意察看，留心 look through 仔细浏览，查阅 look up 查阅；抬头看 look up to 尊敬，敬仰 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 用法条条清(选用上述短语填空)‎ ‎①As she got up in the morning and looked into the mirror, she found her face was firm and younglooking.‎ ‎②After the flight arrived, Sarah Thomas saw a man looking around curiously.‎ ‎③Terry, please look up from your cell phone when Grandma is talking to you.‎ ‎④As I saw the old photo, I always looked back on the scene where we had met.‎ ‎⑤Motor traders are looking forward to a further increase in vehicle sales.‎ ‎⑥You're a popular girl, Grace, and a lot of the younger ones look up to you.‎ ‎⑦Look through this proposal for me, and tell me what you think of it.‎ 佳句时时写 ‎⑧(2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达)谢谢你的信任。我希望我说的话对你有帮助，盼望早日见到你。‎ Thank you for your trust.I hope what I have said would be of help to you and I'm looking forward to seeing you soon.‎ ‎3．make use of利用；使用 ‎　[自主体验]‎ 单句语法填空 ‎①Therefore, as high school students of the Information Age, we need to learn to make use of this meaningful tool to communicate and display ourselves. ‎ ‎②As you know, it's no use complaining (complain) without taking action.‎ ‎③There is no denying that the Internet is of great use in our daily life.‎ 句式升级 We should make good use of the class time to help students grasp the text's focus on content. ‎ ‎④The class time should be made good use of to help students grasp the text's focus on content. (用the class time作主语)‎ ‎⑤Good use should be made of the class time to help students grasp the text's focus on content. (用use作主语)‎ ‎　[系统归纳]‎ ‎(1)make full/good use of ‎＝make the best/most of　　　　 充分利用 ‎(2)come into use 开始被使用 be put into use 投入使用 be of (great) use (很)有用 It is no use/useless doing sth. 做某事是没用的 ‎　[重点强化]‎ 易错处处防 ‎⑥The collected money should be made good use of helping the people who suffered great losses in the earthquake.helping→to help 佳句时时写 ‎⑦(2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达)每天下课后，我们学生和老师都会充分利用这个体育馆做运动。‎ We students as well as our teachers make good use of the gymnasium to do sports after class every day.‎ ‎[名师指津]　对于make full/good use of需要关注两种考查方式：(1)把use提前使用被动语态；(2)把use提前用作先行词，其后接定语从句。‎ ‎4．it 作形式主语 ‎　[教材原句]　We also had different students in some classes, so it was a struggle for me to remember all the faces and names.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①It is not hard for one to do a bit of good.‎ 对于一个人来说做点好事并不难。‎ ‎②It is no use crying over spilt milk.‎ 覆水难收。‎ ‎③It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.‎ 英语作为一门国际语言正日益为人们所接受，这是不争的事实。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法规则 it作形式主语时的常见句式：‎ ‎(1)It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋to do sth.，这一句型中不定式作真正的主语。‎ ‎(2)It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋doing sth.，这一句型中动名词作真正的主语。‎ ‎(3)①It＋is/was＋adj./n.＋从句；‎ ‎②It＋动词(seem, happen, occur, make等)＋从句；‎ ‎③It＋is/was＋分词(said, reported, known等)＋从句；这些句型中从句作真正的主语。‎ 注意事项 ‎(1)不定式作真正的主语时，其前可以加for sb.(句中的形容词描述不定式行为的性质或特点)或of sb.(句中的形容词描述sb.的性格、品行)；‎ ‎(2)动名词作真正的主语时，句中的形容词或名词一般是nice, hard, useless, foolish, worthwhile, use, good, fun等。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(精彩开头句)(2018·全国卷Ⅰ满分作文)I'm very delighted to know that you're invited to a dinner party by your Chinese friend.It is a really good opportunity to experience Chinese culture.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考满分作文)It's clever of you to choose China for further education, which makes me excited.‎ ‎③(精彩收尾句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)It is necessary to hold an objective attitude towards ratings.‎ ‎5．upon/on＋n./doing ...一……就……‎ ‎　[教材原句]　Upon finishing his studies, he started travelling in China.‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①Upon/On hearing the song Little Apple, my little daughter can't help dancing to it.‎ 一听到《小苹果》这首歌，我的小女儿就会禁不住跟着它跳舞。‎ ‎②We got up immediately the sun appeared.‎ 太阳刚露头，我们就起床了。‎ ‎③The moment he retired, he couldn't wait to live a peaceful life in the country.‎ 一退休，他就迫不及待地想到乡村过平静的生活。‎ ‎④No sooner had the performance begun than the lights went out.‎ 演出刚一开始灯就灭了。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法 规则 ‎(1)upon/on＋n./doing ...“一……就……”，相当于as soon as引导的时间状语从句。‎ ‎(2)“一……就……”的其他表达形式：‎ ‎①immediately/directly/instantly＋从句 ‎②the moment/minute/instant＋从句 ‎③no sooner ...than .../hardly ...when ...‎ 注意 事项 在no sooner ...than .../hardly ...when ...句型中，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，如果no sooner或hardly位于句首，主句需用部分倒装。‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2016·北京高考写作佳句)Upon arriving at a nearby neighborhood, we gave away the dolls to the little kids and elderly people there.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2017·北京高考满分作文)No sooner had we seen the video than the memories of the past came flooding back, which further strengthened a firm bond to our school.‎ ‎6．so ...that ...引导结果状语从句 ‎　[教材原句]　I was a little nervous at first, but everyone was so nice and friendly that I soon stopped worrying. ‎ ‎　[自主体验]‎ ‎①As a consequence, children become so reliant on their parents that they have no independent thoughts or creative ideas.‎ 结果，孩子们变得如此依赖他们的父母以至于他们没有独立的想法或创意。‎ ‎②Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.‎ 大连是一个如此吸引人的地方以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。‎ ‎　[归纳点拨]‎ 用法 规则 ‎(1)so ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：‎ so＋ ‎(2)such ...that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构：‎ such＋ 注意 事项 当so＋形容词/副词及such ...放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装。例如：‎ So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.‎ ‎　[佳句背诵]‎ ‎①(增分要点句)(2017·北京高考满分作文)The video was so perfect that it was well received.The students and teachers shared a great time.‎ ‎②(增分要点句)(2018·江苏高考满分作文)Everyone is faced with such wonderful commodities every day that they find they are difficult to choose from.‎ ‎③(增分要点句)(2018·北京高考写作佳句)So fast is Beijing developing that you can never imagine what it will be like next year.‎ Ⅰ.单词拼写 ‎1．Anyone, young or old, must treat others with love, respect (尊重) and understanding.‎ ‎2．WeChat is experiencing (经历) rapid growth in China, with the number of WeChat users increasing several times.‎ ‎3．American television networks are willing to pay specially higher amounts for television rights because they can broadcast (广播) popular events live in the best viewing hours.‎ ‎4．All you have to do is rightclick on the desktop and select (选择) New Folder.‎ ‎5．90% is the required attendance rate if a student wants to earn (获得) the scholarship.‎ ‎6．Some parents suggest that students should not be asked to do extra (额外的) schoolwork after school.‎ ‎7．I have no hesitation in recommending my former (以前的) student, Wang Peng.‎ ‎8．In recent (最近的) years doctors have been able to take parts from one human body and put them into another.‎ ‎9．Somehow (不知为什么) Tom again made a mistake in solving the mathematical problem.‎ ‎10．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friends, where we enjoyed a splendid (非常好的) view of the lake.‎ ‎11．All those who are immediately involved will be informed (告知) of the decision.‎ ‎12．Because of the financial crisis, days are gone when local fivestar hotels charged (收费) 6,000 yuan for one night.‎ ‎13．Those who have lost their jobs struggle (努力) to pay their daily expenses.‎ ‎14．In ancient times, wealth was measured and exchanged (交换) in things that could be touched: food, tools, and precious metals and stones.‎ ‎15．As an average (普通的) student, I'm anxious to know the result of the exam, for I'm eager to be admitted into the university.‎ Ⅱ.单句语法填空 ‎1．A survey of over 74,000 people found 35 percent slept less than seven hours daily on average.‎ ‎2．The young editor enjoys writing and is highly experienced (experience) in blogging and ‎ social media.‎ ‎3．To her surprise, the firm's director quickly gave his approval (approve) to her new plan.‎ ‎4．It's very kind of you to keep me well informed (inform) of what's going on there.‎ ‎5．You may exchange it for a brown one if your husband doesn't like the color.‎ ‎6．The children talked so loudly at dinner table that I had to struggle to be heard (hear)．‎ ‎7．In an analysis of 225 academic studies, researchers found strong evidence of causeandeffect relationship between life satisfaction (satisfy) and successful business outcomes.‎ ‎8．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ)I'd skipped nearby Guilin, a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings (painting)．‎ ‎9．I hope that you can come up with a better idea this time and we're looking forward.‎ ‎10．Our foreign teacher speaks Chinese very fluently (fluent) as if he were Chinese.‎ Ⅲ.单句改错 ‎1．The experiencing mountain climber gained a lot of experience from his adventure.experiencing→experienced ‎2．We should show respect with the old people, which are part of our traditional culture.with→for ‎3．Despite his terrible injuries, he wouldn't give up the struggle to life.to→for ‎4．It is reported that the businessman has donated a lot of money for the school.for→to ‎5．The manager was satisfying to see many new products developed after hard working.satisfying→satisfied ‎6．It's a small shop, with a average of about 500 customers a week.第二个a→an ‎7．Good use must be made waste materials by us to reduce new products.made后加of ‎8．It was very foolish for the boy to swim in the river alone.for→of ‎9．There were so many books in the shop as he didn't know which one to buy.as→that Ⅳ.完成句子 ‎1．Our English teacher was so responsible that we were all deeply moved.‎ 我们的英语老师如此负责任，以至于我们都被深深地感动了。‎ ‎2．In his spare time, the old man enjoys looking back on his school days.‎ 在他的空闲时间，这位老人喜欢回顾他的学生时代。‎ ‎3．The more information he had, the more confident he became.‎ 他掌握的信息越多，他就越有信心。‎ ‎4．On/Upon arriving at the airport, she found her ticket left at home.‎ 一到达机场，她就发现她的机票忘在家里了。‎ ‎5．It was a pity that the great writer died with his work unfinished.‎ 这位伟大的作家在作品未完成时就去世了，真是遗憾。‎ ‎6．We should keep ourselves informed of the latest development of science and technology.‎ 我们应该了解科学技术的最新进展。‎ ‎7．Completely devoted to the people, the doctor gave all his life in saving his patients.‎ 那位医生忠于人民，把毕生精力用于拯救患者。‎ ‎8．My mother was left in charge of the company while my father was away.‎ 我的爸爸不在时，妈妈负责这个公司。‎ 本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自我”中的“学校生活”子话题相对应 一、话题语素积累多一点 子话题——学校生活 ‎(一)浅易词汇温一温 ‎①stadium　　　 ②hold　　　③football　　　 ④favorite ‎⑤uniform ⑥forbid ⑦enjoyable ⑧subject ‎⑨classmate ⑩campus ⑪lab ⑫library ‎⑬study ⑭playground ⑮examination ⑯score ‎⑰discuss ⑱attend ⑲experience ⑳result ‎(二)生疏词汇记一记 ‎①primary adj.初级的　　 ②critics n．批评者；评论家 ‎③staff n．全体员工 ④canteen n．食堂 ‎⑤routine n．常规 ⑥educator n．教员，教师；教育家 ‎⑦challenge n．挑战 ⑧improve v．提高 ‎⑨assignment n．作业 ⑩discipline n．纪律 ‎⑪dismiss vt.开除 ⑫instructor n．指导员，导师 ‎⑬review vt.复习 ⑭encouragement n．鼓励；激励 ‎⑮memorize vt.记忆，熟记 ⑯gain vt.(＝obtain/achieve)获得 ‎⑰relax vt.使放松 ⑱competition n．比赛，竞赛 ‎⑲scholarship n．奖学金 ⑳diploma n．毕业证书；文凭 headteacher n．班主任 promote vt.促进；提升 ‎(三)常用词块忆一忆 ‎①physical exercise　　　　　　　　体育锻炼 ‎②enjoy great popularity 深受欢迎 ‎③follow certain rules 遵守某些规则 ‎④promote team spirit 提升团队精神 ‎⑤school sports events 学校体育活动 ‎⑥carry out 执行；进行 ‎⑦obey/observe the school rules/regulations ‎ 遵守学校的规章制度 ‎⑧have effect on 对……有影响 ‎⑨drop out of the school 辍学 ‎⑩fail the exam 考试不及格 ‎⑪get high marks 得高分 ‎⑫makeup examination 补考 ‎⑬make good/great/rapid progress 取得很大的进步 ‎(四)写作佳句背一背 ‎①With the lab building set up, a wide range of experiments can be carried out.‎ ‎②It was in the lab which was in the charge of Mr White that they did the experiment.‎ ‎③A new stadium has been built up, which makes it easier for us to take physical exercises.‎ 二、话题书面表达亮一点 ‎(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信询问你校学生体育运动情况。请给他回信，内容包括：‎ ‎1．学校的体育场馆；‎ ‎2．主要的运动项目；‎ ‎3．你喜欢的项目。‎ 注意：1.词数100左右；‎ ‎2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎[写作4步走]‎ 第一步：句写对——给词写句 physical exercise, stadium, build up, become, landmark, set up, events, be able to, hold, running, competition, enjoy great popularity, favorite, strength ‎1．你询问了有关我们学校体育锻炼的情况。‎ You asked me about the physical exercise in our school.‎ ‎2．一座新的体育场已经建成，它已成为我们学校的新地标。‎ A new stadium has been built up and it has become the new landmark in our school.‎ ‎3．随着体育场的建立，体育赛事得以举行。‎ As the stadium was set up, sports events are able to be held there.‎ ‎4．乒乓球、足球以及跑步比赛都很受欢迎。‎ Pingpong, football and running competitions enjoy great popularity.‎ ‎5．我最喜欢的运动是篮球。它一直给我力量。‎ My favorite sport is basketball and it has been giving me strength.‎ 第二步：量写够——语句扩充 ‎6．加入书信常用开头句“很高兴收到你的来信”。‎ I'm happy to hear from you.‎ ‎7．在句1中加入状语“在你的上一封来信中”。‎ You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school.‎ ‎8．在句1后加入一个衔接过渡句“下面的信息或许能帮你(了解情况)”。‎ The following information may help you.‎ ‎9．在句3中的sports events前加入修饰语“各种各样的”。‎ As the stadium was set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held there.‎ ‎10．在句5中的strength后加入后置定语“去面对生活中的挑战”。‎ My favorite sport is basketball and it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.‎ ‎11．加入结尾句“我诚心邀请你来我们学校亲自看一看”。‎ I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.‎ 第三步：语写美——词句升格 ‎12．用非限制性定语从句升级句2。‎ A new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school.‎ ‎13．用高级词汇as well as升格句4中的and，然后用“with复合结构”和“of which”引导的非限制性定语从句升级并合并句3和句4。‎ With the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held there, of which pingpong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.‎ ‎14．用since引导状语从句升级优化句10。‎ My favorite sport is basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.‎ 第四步：篇连顺——衔接成文 Dear Peter, ‎ I am happy to hear from you.You asked me in your last letter about the physical exercise in our school and the following information may help you.‎ To begin with, a new stadium has been built up, which has become the new landmark in our school.Moreover, with the stadium set up, a wide range of sports events are able to be held there, of which pingpong, football as well as running competitions enjoy great popularity.As for me, my favorite sport is basketball since it has been giving me strength to confront the challenges in my life.‎ All in all, I sincerely invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.‎ Yours，‎ Li Hua Ⅰ.根据提示填空 Studying in a British high school, of course, is a very ❶enjoyable (enjoy) and exciting experience.Compared with the high school life in China, there are quite a few ❷differences (不同) between them.For example, the size of classes in British schools is much ❸smaller (small) and the homework is not as heavy as what Chinese students get, but it is a big ❹challenge (挑战) for me at first, because all the homework was in English.❺Luckily (luck), all my teachers gave me much ❻encouragement (encourage)．In Britain, students can choose ❼subjects (科目) they like, and can also stop studying what they don't like.Besides, food is different, too.British people like ❽eating (eat) dessert at the end of their main meal.I was very lucky to ❾experience (体验) this different way of life.I look back on my time in the UK with satisfaction (satisfy), and I hope to go back and study in Manchester again.‎ Ⅱ.片段选词填空 acceptable， forbid， promote， educator， follow， equality， wipe out， remove， carry out， have no effect on Only 15% of primary schools and around 10% of secondary schools in the United States have strictly ❶carried_out the uniform policy.In recent times it has become the most debated topic among parents and ❷educators,_with many critics stating the fact that wearing uniforms ❸has_no_effect_on the thought process of a student.Students are instructed to ❹follow certain rules: for boys, pants, shirts, sweaters and jackets are ❺acceptable,_while in some schools, shorts are strictly ❻forbidden;_similarly, for girls, long skirts, blouses, pants and flatheeled shoes are acceptable.The purpose of a school uniform is to ❼promote team spirit, discipline and increase ❽equality among all students.Though uniforms have intended to ❾wipe_out the discrimination in the weaker section, critics have a different story to say.According to them, this standardized dress has not helped students remove any barriers and is adding costs to the parents.‎ 一、复现单元考点——增强备考信心 Ⅰ.高考中的语法填空 ‎1．(2017·天津高考)The hospital has recently (recent) obtained new medical equipment, allowing more patients to be treated.‎ ‎2．(2015·重庆高考)Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature ‎ ‎0.68℃ above the average.‎ ‎3．(2015·福建高考)—Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.‎ ‎—Oh, it's too bad.You should have made full preparations (prepare)．‎ ‎4．(2015·浙江高考)Creating an atmosphere in which employees feel part of a team is a big challenge.‎ ‎5．(2014·湖南高考)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted (devote) to your work.‎ ‎6．(2014·福建高考)Having spent the past year as an exchange student in Hong Kong, Linda appears more mature than those of her age.‎ ‎7．(2014·重庆高考)I've ordered some pizza, so we needn't worry about cooking (cook) when we get home tired.‎ ‎8．(2014·江苏高考)Top graduates (graduate) from universities are chased by major companies.‎ Ⅱ.高考中的完形填空 donate, kindness, extra, struggle, look back on, experience, inform, selfrespect, challenge, satisfaction ‎1．(2018·天津高考)No one is born a winner. People make themselves into winners by their own efforts.I learned this lesson from a(n) 17 many years ago. ‎ ‎2．(2018·江苏高考)Moth, meanwhile, after an initial 47 ， found his symptoms were strangely reduced by their daily tiring journey. ‎ ‎3．(2018·全国卷Ⅲ)On March 19, Dennis got a group text 44 him that a couple he didn't know were at the hospital, waiting for the arrival of a baby. ‎ ‎4．(2018·北京高考)The policemen told them what Mr. Smith did and that the wallet was safe.The pair were later able to thank Mr.Smith for his 25 . ‎ ‎5．(2014·浙江高考)She wanted to tell me how grateful she was for the 28 I had nurtured (培养) in her son. She kissed me again and left. ‎ ‎6．(2014·福建高考)So it was with really great 40 that I stood in church one recent Sunday, video camera in hand, and watched my 68yearold father sweating in his shirt before rising to play the piano in his very first recital. ‎ ‎7．(2013·新课标全国卷Ⅰ)My wheelchair experiment was soon finished. It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 ， both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. ‎ ‎8．(2012·山东高考)The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 51 new shoes. ‎ ‎9．(2009·安徽高考)When we were eating at that café in Bondi and a person who had ordered ‎ his hamburger didn't have enough money to pay for it, without any hesitation, you went over and put the 40 $2 into his hand. ‎ ‎10．(2009·浙江高考)The trip to that city was eyeopening for everyone, and near its end, all the young people in our group began to reflect on what it had meant.We 21 the first night we had arrived. ‎ 答案：1.experience　2.struggle　3.informing　4.kindness　5.selfrespect　6.satisfaction　7.challenges　8.donates 9．extra　10.looked back on 二、复现话题词汇——提高阅读准度 新高考下的命题新视角：“学校生活”话题是距离考生最近的话题，也是考生最熟悉的话题之一，因此也是高考频繁考查的热点话题。这其中，学校、师生、学习、课外活动等都可以作为高考选材的来源。‎ ‎[话题感悟]‎ 学习目标 ——语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深 ‎(加彩词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法)‎ Some students get so nervous before a test.They do poorly even if they know the material.Sian Beilock, a professor at the University of Chicago in Illinois, has studied these highly anxious testtakers.The students start worrying about the results.And when we worry, it actually uses up attention and memory resources (资源)．‎ Professor Beilock and another researcher, Gerardo Ramirez, have developed a possible solution.Just before an exam, highly anxious testtakers spend ten minutes writing about their worries about the test.‎ The researchers tested the idea on a group of twenty anxious college students.They gave them two short math tests.After the first one, they asked the students to either sit quietly or write about their feelings about the upcoming second test.‎ Professor Beilock says those who sat quietly scored (得分) an average of 12% worse on the second test.But the students who had written about their fears improved (提高) their performance by an average of 5%.Next, the researchers used younger students in a biology class.They told them before final exams either to write about their feelings or to think about things unrelated (不相关的) to the test.Professor Beilock says highly anxious students who did the writing got an average grade of B＋， compared to a B－for those who did not.‎ ‎“What we showed is that for students who are highly testanxious, who'd done our writing intervention (干预), all of a sudden there was no relationship between test fear and performance.They were performing just as well as their classmates who don't normally get nervous in these tests.”‎ But what if students do not have a chance to write about their fears immediately before an ‎ exam? Professor Beilock says students can try it themselves at home or in the library and still improve their performance.‎ 语篇解读：有些学生考试前经常会紧张，影响考试考绩。本文指出，如果考试前把自己的担忧写出来，会有助于成绩的提高。‎ ‎1．What do the students start worrying about before an exam?‎ A．Whether they can pass the exams.‎ B．What other student do during the test.‎ C．Whether they have remembered the materials.‎ D．What kind of problems they will meet on the test paper.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。由第一段倒数第二句可知，学生往往担心考试的结果，而最直接的结果就是能否通过考试。‎ ‎2．What is the solution developed by researchers?‎ A．Making the students focused on the test.‎ B．Asking the students to sit quietly before the test.‎ C．Having the students write about their worries about the test.‎ D．Asking the students to direct the attention away from the test.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第二段可知，研究者发明的方法是让学生在考试前把自己的担忧写出来。‎ ‎3．According to Professor Beilock, those who thought about things unrelated to the test ‎ ‎ .‎ A．became less nervous before the test B．were better at controlling their feelings C．did worse than those who wrote about their feelings D．did better than those who wrote about their feelings 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第四段最后一句可知，把自己的担忧写出来的学生考试成绩是B＋，而想与考试无关的事情的学生考试成绩是B－，故C项正确。‎ ‎4．We can infer from the last paragraph that .‎ A．writing about our worries before an exam can work a bit B．we can only write about our worries right before an exam C．the best place to write about our worries is in the test room D．it doesn't matter where we write about our worries before an exam 解析：‎ 选D　推理判断题。文章最后一段说明，我们可以在很多地方把自己的担忧写出来，只要是在考试之前就有帮助。‎ 学习目标 ——题后把脉规律，练后得法理解更透 细节理解技法(1)——利用同义转换解题 细节理解题要求考生对阅读材料中的某一事实和细节做出正确的理解。此类试题相对简单，考生只需根据题干中的关键词回到原文找到相应的信息句即可解题。但在这一过程中，关键词与信息句、信息句与正确选项之间通常不是简单的原文词句的重复出现，多数都是经过同义转换之后的结果。这儿的同义转换既指同义词之间的转换，也指同义结构、同义语句的转换。‎ 如第1小题，题干中关键词与定位原文时的信息词test为同义转换，信息词result与正确选项“Whether they can pass the exams.”也是同义转换。‎ Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Kenny Li is waiting patiently at a coach terminus(终点站) in Kowloon on a misty and cold Hong Kong morning.‎ He is planning to have lunch in the city of Zhuhai, which on a normal day would take him about four hours to reach by road. But today the journey will take just over 30 minutes, because today is not a normal day.‎ Kenny is one of scores of passengers — including the correspondent (记者) — who are queuing for a seat on one of the first crossborder coaches to travel over the newlyopened Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge.‎ The $ 20bn, 55km bridge and 6.7km undersea tunnel link Hong Kong's Lantau island to Zhuhai on the southern coast of Guangdong Province and Macao. The mega structure is supported by three cablestayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoonforce winds.‎ It took more than eight years to build and, according to ambitious plans hatched (策划) in Beijing, will help form a hightech and economic region, namely Greater Bay Area, to rival New York, San Francisco and Tokyo bay areas.‎ But those lofty aims feel fairly irrelevant to the band of eager passengers who have assembled at the Kowloon coach terminus on Wednesday morning. This group wants something different from the HZMB, as it has become known. For just HK $ 120 for a single trip ticket, we can be part of history.‎ ‎“I was the first person to get the ticket three days ago，” says Li, as he waits patiently for the coach to arrive.‎ Other passengers are similarly excited. YW Cheung and his wife bought the tickets on ‎ Sunday as soon as he heard about the news about coach companies running the bridge service.‎ ‎“I want to take the first coach to cross the bridge，” he said. “We will meet friends in Zhuhai and eat out with them, and then we will go to Macao.”‎ 语篇解读：港珠澳大桥是中国境内一座连接香港、珠海和澳门的桥隧工程。2018年10月24日大桥正式通车。本文主要报道了港珠澳大桥通车时人们期待乘坐长途公共汽车来往于三地的情景。‎ ‎1．Why is today different for Kenny Li?‎ A．Because it is a misty and cold day in the morning.‎ B．Because he has to wait patiently at a coach terminus.‎ C．Because the time to Zhuhai will be saved more.‎ D．Because he can have lunch in Zhuhai by road.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第二段可推知，对Kenny Li来说，今天之所以特殊是因为他可以乘坐贯穿港珠澳大桥的公共长途汽车，这大大地缩短了到珠海的时间，故选C。‎ ‎2．What is special for Hong KongZhuhaiMacao Bridge?‎ A．It can withstand typhoonforce winds.‎ B．A round trip ticket of the coach by it just costs HK $120.‎ C．It is irrelevant to passengers at the Kowloon coach terminus.‎ D．It is part of history, more brilliant than New York.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句“The mega structure is supported by three cablestayed bridges and designed to withstand typhoonforce winds.”可推知，港珠澳大桥的特别之处在于其能承受台风，故选A。‎ ‎3．Where does this text probably come from?‎ A．A fashion magazine.　　　 B．A history book.‎ C．A tourist brochure. D．A latest newspaper.‎ 解析：选D　文章出处题。根据全文的内容和语言风格可推知，本文是一篇新闻报道，主要报道了港珠澳大桥建成通车时的情形，由此可推知，本文可能出自一份最新的报纸，故选D。‎ B Three experimental fields of seawater rice were harvested in China on Wednesday, a further step toward its future practical use. Also known as salinealkali tolerant rice (耐盐碱水稻), the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content and has been developed by experts through crossbreeding (杂交) and other technologies.‎ One type of seawater rice growing in Qingdao's Chengyang district, Shandong Province, produced 3.9 metric tons (公吨) per hectare (公顷), experts announced. Once widely planted in large areas, the output could be much higher.‎ The Qingdao SalineAlkali Tolerant Rice Research and Development Center, led by renowned Chinese agricultural scientist Yuan Longping, was established several years ago. It set itself a threeyear target of developing a kind of saltresistant rice capable of producing 4.5 tons a hectare, which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit. The average rice output in China is 6.75 tons a hectare.‎ Planting in the experimental field in Chengyang district and five other plots of salinealkali land started at the end of May. The five other plots were in Dongying, Shandong Province; Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province; Yan'an, Shaanxi Province; Kashgar, the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region; and Daqing, Heilongjiang Province. The sites represent actually every type of salinealkali land in China and researchers aim to grow different kinds of rice able to cope with different climate, salinity and soil structure conditions. ‎ The test crops in Kashgar and Daqing were also harvested on Wednesday. In Kashgar, the output reached more than 7.5 tons per hectare, according to experts' tests, much higher than expected. The harvest in Kashgar was satisfactory. The result means it is possible to plant such saltresistant rice in southern Xinjiang in the future. Xinjiang has about 2 million hectares of salinealkali land that have the potential to be planted with saltresistant rice, and if it is widely planted it will generally improve rice production in the region.‎ The seawater rice grown in Daqing only produced 3.1 tons per hectare. A live video on Shandong TV showed growers appearing a little disappointed by the result, as they hoped the experts' efforts would increase production greatly. The water and soil conditions of the site were not ideal, and the pH level was extremely high.‎ 语篇解读：2018年7月，青岛海水稻研发中心传来喜讯，袁隆平试种的包括“海水稻”在内的80多个水稻品种分批成熟。“海水稻”研究在国内外都有很长的一段历史，袁隆平领导的海水稻项目使中国技术处于海水稻研究的前列。‎ ‎4．Which is the main feature of seawater rice according to the text?‎ A．It has a shorter growing period.‎ B．It is a kind of highly productive crop.‎ C．It can grow in the soil with high salt content.‎ D．it is the combination of many technologies.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“the seawater rice is designed to grow in seaside flats or other areas with high salt content”可知，海水稻最大的优势是可以种植在含盐量高的土壤里。‎ ‎5．How much rice does a farmer harvest at least to meet the cost?‎ A．3.9 tons a hectare. B．4.5 tons a hectare.‎ C．6.75 tons a hectare. D．7.5 tons a hectare.‎ 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“which would guarantee growers the minimum acceptable level of profit”可知，每公顷4.5吨的产量对种植者来说是最低的收益保障。‎ ‎6．The researchers chose the experimental fields according to .‎ A．the distance between them B．the type of the soil and climate C．the local governments' support D．the local agricultural conditions 解析：选B　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，研究人员选择试验田的依据是气候、土壤的盐度和土壤结构。‎ ‎7．What can we infer about the seawater rice from the last paragraph?‎ A．The seawater rice is not fit for all kinds of salinealkali soils.‎ B．It is impossible for the seawater rice to have a good harvest.‎ C．Growers from Shandong Province were a little disappointed by the result.‎ D．The output of the seawater rice grown in Daqing is the lowest.‎ 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，海水稻并非适合所有的土壤。‎ C ‎(2019·江西重点中学联考)Up to 60 Shanghai math teachers are to be brought to England to raise standards, in an exchange arranged by the Department for Education. The announcement comes as a campaign is launched to raise adult math skills. A survey of 2,300 adults for the numeracy campaign found that over a third thought their level of math had held them back. An accompanying economic analysis said that a lack of math skills cost the U．K. 20 billion pounds per year.‎ The plan to bring 60 Englishspeaking math teachers from Shanghai is an attempt to learn from a city that has been the top performance in the OECD's Pisa tests. The OECD says that children of poor families in Shanghai are on average better at math than middle class children in the U．K. The Shanghai teachers, expected to arrive from the autumn, will help share their teaching methods, support pupils who are struggling and help to train other teachers.‎ ‎“We have some smart math teachers in this country but what I saw in Shanghai — and other Chinese cities — has only strengthened my belief that we can learn from them，” said education minister, Elizabeth Truss, who has recently visited Shanghai, accompanied by head teachers from England. “They have a cando attitude to math — and I want us to match that, and their performance.” She stressed the economic significance of raising math standards, for individuals and the country. “As part of our longterm economic plan, we are determined to drive up standards in our schools and give our young people the skills they need to succeed in the global race. Good math qualifications have the greatest earnings potential and provide the strongest protection against unemployment，” said the education minister.‎ 语篇解读：本文讲述了中国上海多达六十位数学教师受英国教育部门的邀请，作为交换老师到英国去教授数学这一事件，旨在提高英国学生的数学技能和水平，改善日益没落的英国数学教育。‎ ‎8．Poor math skills have caused serious “ ” consequences in England.‎ A．academic B．economic C．cultural D．political 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句中的 “... a lack of math skills cost the U. K. 20 billion pounds per year.”可知，缺乏数学技能让英国每年损失200亿英镑，即经济损失严重。故选B项。‎ ‎9．What is the main factor behind Shanghai teachers' success in math teaching?‎ A．Their students are from poor families.‎ B．Their students have a talent for math.‎ C．They have a positive attitude to teaching.‎ D．They teach in a highly developed city.‎ 解析：选C　推理判断题。根据第三段英国教育部长所讲的“They have a cando attitude to math — and I want us to match that, and their performance.”可知，上海老师数学教育成功的一个重要因素就是他们对教学的积极态度。故选C项。‎ ‎10．According to Elizabeth Truss, raising standards can be helpful in .‎ A．equipping young people with global competitiveness B．promoting the pupils' international test performance C．teaching how to earn money in the global market D．discovering one's math talent at an early age 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的 “As part of ... give our young people the skills they need to succeed in the global race.”可知，教育部长认为提高教育标准有助于提升年轻人的国际竞争力。故选A项。‎ ‎11．What can be the best title for the passage?‎ A．Good Math Skills Are About Hard Work B．Why Are English Math Standards Left Behind?‎ C．Why Are Shanghai Math Teachers Getting Popular?‎ D．Chinese Teachers Bring the Art of Math to English Schools 解析：选D　标题归纳题。文章开篇点题介绍了上海数学教师被英国请去传授经验的事情。A项侧重于数学技能本身；B项侧重于英国数学教育落后的原因；C项侧重于上海数学教师受欢迎的原因；D项概括了中国老师受邀去英国的整个事件。故选D项。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 Study Links Video Game Use to Problems in School A new study warns that too much time spent playing computer games could affect a child's performance at school. 1 They show that too many hours spent playing games can reduce students' chances of success in school.‎ More than 600 teenagers between the ages of 14 and 16 took part in the research project. 2 It is said to be the first ever longterm study in Northern Ireland on the influence of information technology on school test results.‎ The study found that teenagers who played computer games less than once a week were more successful in school than those who played them twice a day or more.41% of the students who used gaming devices two or more times a day received passing grades on school exams. 3 ‎ The study found that social media use did not affect school performance.Celine McStravick is the director of the National Children's Bureau Northern Ireland.She says the study showed no connection between social media and test results. “ 4 I think that's more because social media is part of every child's life.It's the way they communicate.It's the way they keep in touch with their friends.”‎ Many parents say their children are becoming increasingly dependent on computer games.Some have compared gaming to a drug addiction. 5 It suggested that computer games can cause children to stay awake late at night.Less sleep makes children tired and unable to pay attention in school the next day.‎ A．However, the study did not explore addiction.‎ B．The new games are much different from older ones.‎ C．It was clear that social media didn't have any effect.‎ D．It took place over a period of three years from 2013 to 2015.‎ E．That compared with 77% of those who rarely played the games.‎ F．Drug addiction does great harm to their health and performance at school.‎ G．Britain's National Children's Bureau Northern Ireland reported the results of the study.‎ ‎1．解析：选G　根据下文的“它们表明，花费太多的时间玩游戏会减少学生在学校获得成功的机会”可知，所填的应该是引出下文研究结果的句子。G项“英国国家儿童部门北爱尔兰报道了相关研究得出的记录”可引出下文。‎ ‎2．解析：选D　文章在第二段开始对研究进行分步阐述，由此可知，所填的句子应该是指调研时间。D项“研究时间段是2013－2015年”，与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。‎ ‎3．解析：选E　根据本段的第一句可知，作者在该段把玩游戏的时间和课业表现做了比较。E项“和77%的几乎不玩游戏的人相比较”可承接上文。‎ ‎4．解析：选C　空格前面的句子告诉我们社交媒体和学业成绩没有关系。C项“社交媒体丝毫不影响学习成绩”可承接上文，并引出下文。‎ ‎5．解析：选A　上文把玩游戏和吸毒成瘾相比较，A项“‎ 很遗憾，该研究没有涉及沉迷之极的情况”，可承接上文。‎