【英语】河北省石家庄市第二中学2019-2020学年高一下月考试题 (解析版)

【英语】河北省石家庄市第二中学2019-2020学年高一下月考试题 (解析版)

河北省石家庄市第二中学2019-2020学年高一下月考 英语试题 ‎（时间：60分钟 满分：100）‎ 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节（共15小题;每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。‎ A While smartphones stand accused of a variety of crimes, these pocket computers can certainly be a force for good. Your phone is always with you, making it the perfect device to push you into a more beneficial way of living. Here are some of the best apps that can help.‎ Habitica Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring. It’s a lot of fun，and the app also lets you build habits with friends and family. In addition to regular repeating habits, you can add a more general to-do list, and the rewards you get can be customized too — you could treat yourself to a meal out or an extra hour of games.‎ Smoke Free If you’ve got a specific habit in mind，then you’ll usually find specific apps to help, like Smoke Free. If you’re determined to give up smoking, then this is one of the most comprehensive apps for giving you that extra push you need to make a permanent change. The app offers a host of useful features for people wanting to go smoke-free ： The ability to see your progress over time，charts showing how your health is improving，day-by-day encouragement， and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.‎ MyFitnessPal You can find a ton of health and fitness apps for your phone, but MyFitnessPal stands out not just because it is easy to use, but because it makes practical suggestions for you. It can take in a host of data, from the calories (卡路里)you’re taking in to the number of swims you’re doing per week, and offer reports on calorie consumption and macronutrient (大量营养素） breakdown.‎ ‎1. What can Habitica help you to do?‎ A. Win a tough game. B. Start a lasting friendship.‎ C. Find a fancy restaurant. D. Develop a pleasant habit.‎ ‎2. Which of the following can Smoke Free provide?‎ A. The freedom to smoke. B. The ability to make progress.‎ C. Advice on how to quit smoking. D. Charts about your excellent health.‎ ‎3. What can we learn about the three apps mentioned in the text?‎ A. They’re cheap. B. They’re practical.‎ C. They’re free. D. They’re interesting.‎ 这是一篇广告布告类阅读。文中介绍了三款手机应用：Habitica可以帮助你养成好的习惯；Smoke Free可以帮助你戒烟；MyFitnessPal可以为你提供健康和健身的建议。‎ ‎【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎1. 细节理解题。答案定位在Habitica部分Habitica turns the goal of forming good habits into a game, with its own characters and scoring.（Habitica将养成良好习惯的目标变成了一款游戏，拥有自己的角色和得分。）由此可知Habitica能够帮助你养成好的习惯，故选D。‎ ‎2. 细节理解题。答案定位在Smoke Free部分and some advice on techniques for giving up smoking.可知Smoke Free可以为你提供怎样戒烟的建议，故选C。‎ ‎3. 推理判断题。文中提到的三款应用：Habitica可以帮助你养成好的习惯；Smoke Free可以帮助你戒烟；MyFitnessPal可以为你提供健康和健身的建议。由此可知，这三款应用都很实用，故选B。‎ B It took multiple weddings for Christine Law to realize what she needed to do. In the summer of 2014, her schedule was packed with friends, marriage celebrations—flowers --- filled occasions that got her thinking, “Where do all the flowers go after the party?” More often than not, they were thrown out. Law, then 27, was confident she could find a better use for them.‎ By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city. She wanted to bring beauty into the lives of the elderly. She drew on her experience volunteering with non-profits in order to set up her own organization, which she called Floranthropie. Not having enough bouquets (花束) for all 150 people of a health center, Law asked the staff to provide a list of patients who needed cheering up most, “The first woman I approached thought it was a ‎ mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her,” says Law. “I said they were a gift, and we talked for a half hour.”‎ In addition to health centers, Floranthropie focuses on community groups devoted to the elderly. Theleme is a volunteer for Les Petits Fieres, an organization that aims to help the elderly who don’t have a support system. The group receives a dozen or so bouquets from Floranthropie monthly, and then redistributes them. “Our motto is ‘flowers before bread,” says Theleme. “We don’t focus on primary care, but rather on nourishing (滋养) the spirit. Floranthropie helps that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.”‎ In the beginning, most of Floranthropie’s donations came through word of mouth. These days, Law receives messages from strangers via her organization’s Facebook page and has connected with corporations and flower wholesalers. Law hopes to expand Floranthropie nationally, but at this point is happy to be able to oversee each delivery personally.‎ ‎4. What made Christine Law set up Floranthropie?‎ A. The Waste of flowers. B. The loneliness of seniors.‎ C. The persuasion of other friends. D. The warm atmosphere of weddings.‎ ‎5. What was the woman’s first reaction to Christine Law’s flowers?‎ A. She was moved. B. She was excited.‎ C. She was worried. D. She was surprised.‎ ‎6. What can we infer about Floranthropie from Laetitia Theleme’s words?‎ A. It should focus on primary care.‎ B. It is benefiting more than the elderly.‎ C. It is doing something of great importance.‎ D. It should cooperate with more non-profits.‎ ‎7. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. Volunteer Your Time B. Don’t Throw Them Out C. Special Delivery Makes Your Day D. Brighten Seniors’ Lives With Flowers 本文属于记叙文，讲述一个女性创建了一个慈善机构，把婚礼等活动之后丢弃的花儿再利用，把这些花儿送给那些孤寡老人，帮助他们燃起对生活的信心，随着口碑的传播，一些陌生人把她的脸书与企业与花卉批发商连接起来。‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎4. 推理判断题。根据文章第一段的内容可知，Law在参加了几次婚礼之后，意识到花儿在婚礼过后大多数都是被丢弃，而后Law通过思考找到一种更好的处理方式，通过后文知道，她把这些花送给孤独老人，进而决定创立自己的慈善机构，扩大影响，所以是“花的浪费”使得Christine Law创办了Floranthropie。故选A。‎ ‎5. 推理判断题。根据第二段The first woman I approached thought it was a mistake, and that the flowers couldn’t possibly be for her可知，当第一个老人收到花的时候，认为是别人送错了，不可能是给她的，可以得知，老人收到花的时候，难以置信，不敢相信有人会送花给她，故选D。‎ ‎6. 推理判断题。根据第四段Floranthropie helps that. It’s amazing what a big difference a small bouquet can make.可知，Floranthropie不是关心老人的基本生存需求，而更多关注老人们的心理需求，一小束花所带来的巨大作用很让人惊讶，故选C。‎ ‎7. 主旨大意题。根据第二段By August, she had a plan: convince couples and companies hosting events to donate their flowers, which she would pick up and deliver within 48 hours to seniors across the city.以及后文可知，Law决定把废弃的花儿送给老人，并专门创立了一个慈善机构Floranthropie来扩大影响力，让越来越多的老人能够收到花，整篇文章都是围绕用花来帮助老人，故D项是最佳标题。‎ C You try to keep your eyes wide open while watching a basketball match or a wonderful firework show in case you might miss something exciting in just the blink of an eye. But in fact, humans blink about 15 times per minute on average. Have you ever missed anything because you blinked? Probably not. Why is that?‎ According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink. It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.‎ In order to understand how this works, a group of scientists at the German Primate Center and the University Medical Center Gottingen in Germany conducted an experiment. In the study, the participants were asked to look at patterns on a screen whose direction could be interpreted in different ways, such as horizontally(水平地) or vertically(垂直地). When one pattern was about ‎ to disappear and the next one was about to come, the participants had to indicate the direction that the next pattern would appear.‎ The researchers found that when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction.‎ ‎“The medial prefrontal cortex(前额叶皮层) adjusts current visual information with previously obtained information, and thus enables us to perceive the world with more stability, even when we briefly close our eyes to blink, ” Caspar Schwiedrzik explained in Science Daily. He is the first author of the study and also a scientist at the German Primate Center.‎ ‎8. We don’t miss anything when blinking because our brain can ________.‎ A. deal with the missing image B. remember all that we see C. imagine what our eyes miss D. put our pieces of memory together ‎9. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Our brain. B. Visual information.‎ C. Current Biology. D. The temporary darkness.‎ ‎10. What do we know about the experiment?‎ A. The two patterns appear at the same time.‎ B. Visual memory can be more activated by similarity.‎ C. Participants can interpret patterns differently.‎ D. The different directions activated visual memory.‎ ‎11. What would be the best title for this passage?‎ A. The Brain’s Structure B. The Brain’s Activated Patterns C. The Brain’s Special Skill D. The Brain’s Reaction 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现眨眼并不会错过细节并解释了其原因。即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。‎ ‎【答案】8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C ‎【解析】‎ ‎8. 细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink.”‎ 可知，九月份发表在《当代生物学》杂志上的一项新研究表明，我们的大脑有能力跳过我们眨眼时形成的暂时黑暗。据此可推知，由于我们的大脑能处理丢失的图像，所以眨眼不会让我们错过任何东西。故选A项。‎ ‎9. 词义猜测题。分析可知，“it”作为代词指代前文提及内容。根据第二段第一句“According to a new study published in the journal Current Biology in September, our brain has the ability to skip the temporary darkness when we blink.( 根据9月份发表在《当代生物学》(Current Biology)杂志上的一项新研究，我们的大脑有能力在眨眼时跳过暂时的黑暗。)”可推知第二句“It can keep visual information for a short period of time and then put it together to form an image without interruption.( 大脑可以在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像。)”中主语“it”指代上文中的“visual information”。故选B项。‎ ‎10. 推理判断题。根据第四段中的“…when the directions of two patterns didn’t match, the area in our brain which is responsible for visual memory was activated. This same area showed less activity when two patterns were in the same direction”可知，当两种模式的方向不一致时，掌握视觉记忆的大脑区域被激活；当两种模式在同一方向时，这个区域显示出较少的活动。据此可知，不同的方向能激活视觉记忆。故选D项。‎ ‎11. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文文章结构为总分结构，第一段段末提出本文的中心话题“But in fact, humans blink about 15 times per minute on average. Have you ever missed anything because you blinked? Probably not. Why is that?”因而可知本文主要介绍了一项科学研究。研究表明，眨眼不会错过细节并解释了其原因，即大脑有能力在短时间内保存视觉信息，然后将其组合在一起形成不中断的图像信息。C项“The Brain’s Special Skill(大脑的特殊技能)”贴合文章主题，作为标题可以吸引读者。故选C项。‎ D In the story of “The crow and the Pitcher” from Aesop’s Fables, a thisty crow (乌鸦)drops stones into a narrow jar to raise the low level of water inside so he can take a drink.‎ Now scientists have evidence to back up that story. Crows actually do understand how to make water displacement (移位) work to their advantage, experiments show. The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.‎ Researchers, led by Sarah Jelbert at the University of Auckland in New Zealand, presented six crows with tubes filled with water. Inside the tubes, a worm or piece of meat on a piece of wood was floating, just out of reach of the crow. In front of the tubes, the researchers arranged several rubber erasers that would sink, and some plastic objects that would float. The crows found ‎ out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.‎ However, the birds handled awkwardly in experiments in which they could choose to drop objects in either a wide tube or a narrow one to get a snack, the researchers said. Dropping objects into narrow tube would lift the water level by a greater amount and put the treat within reach after just two drops; while it took around seven drops to raise the snack to the same level in the wide tube. The crows obviously didn’t realize this, and most of them went for the wide tube first.‎ Previous studies showed that chimps and human children can solve similar tasks. In a 2011 study, chimps and kids found out that they could put water into a tube to reach a peanut that was floating in a small amount of water at the bottom.‎ ‎12. How did the crows get the snack in Sarah’s experiment?‎ A. By breaking the tube.‎ B. By dropping in erasers.‎ C. By standing on the wood.‎ D. By removing the wood.‎ ‎13. What does the author mean by “the birds handled awkwardly” in paragraph 4?‎ A. They were unable to tell different shapes.‎ B. They dropped objects only into narrow tubes.‎ C. They were not aware of the snack at first sight.‎ D. They mostly avoided the easier way to get the snack.‎ ‎14. What does the text mainly focus on?‎ A. Stories of Aesop’s Fables.‎ B. The development of crows.‎ C. Crows’ intelligence.‎ D. Human-animal communication.‎ ‎15. What can we learn from the passage?‎ A. Crows are almost as clever as first-graders in some respects.‎ B. Crows understand water displacement completely.‎ C. Chimps and children are much smarter than crows.‎ D. The story of “The crow and the Pitcher” lacks evidence.‎ 这是一篇科普类文章。文章主要讲了科学家通过喝水实验对乌鸦智商的研究。‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎12. 细节理解题。根据第三段“The crows found out that they could drop the erasers into the tubes in order to raise the water level and get their snack.”可知，乌鸦能够把橡皮擦扔到管子里，使食物浮起，然后吃到食物。所以选项B正确。‎ ‎13. 语句猜测题。从第四段可知，实验中的乌鸦在面对粗细不同的管子时，虽然细管比粗管需要更少的水和时间就可以把食物浮起来，但是乌鸦往往先去粗管那边，而没有选择更容易浮起食物的细管。由此可知，这一句话的意思应该是“鸟儿大多没有选择更容易的方式得到零食”。所以答案选D。‎ ‎14. 主旨大意题。根据第二段“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.”以及后面的几个实验可知，整篇文章都是围绕乌鸦的智商问题来展开的。所以答案选C。‎ ‎15. 推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“The results suggest that the birds are, at least in some aspects, as smart as first-graders.”可知，鸟儿在一些方面几乎跟一年级小学生一样聪明，所以选项A正确。根据第四段的实验可知，乌鸦并不能很好的理解排水量问题，所以选项B错误。根据最后一段的实验可知，黑猩猩和儿童跟乌鸦一样可以解决类似的问题，这不能说明他们比乌鸦聪明，所以选项C错误。第二段第一句“Now scientists have evidence to back up that story.”可知，科学家们已经有关于这则寓言的证据了。所以选项D错误。‎ ‎【点睛】语句猜测题要求考生根据语境的意义，判断划线的短语和句子在文中的指代含义。考生虽然可能这一句话的每个单词都认识，但并不是直白的翻译出来就可以。必须结合上下文的逻辑关系和文章的语境，来判断该语句的深层含义或者说是“言外之义”。例如本文的第二题，“the birds handled awkwardly”这句话直译过来就是“鸟儿的操作很笨拙”，但是显然题目的答案中没有这一选项。这时我们就要找出它的深层含义，根据下文的实验，我们发现在面对粗细不同的两只管子时，乌鸦们大多选择粗管，而没有选择更容易的细管，也就是没有使用更容易的方式得到零食。这时我们就可以找到最符合题意的答案:选项D（它们大多避免了更容易得到零食的方式）。‎ 第二节 七选五(共5小题； 每小题2分， 满分10分)‎ 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Ways to Finally Become a Morning Person Calculate your perfect bedtime The easiest way to wake up earlier in the morning is to get enough sleep.___16___: For a week, remember the number of hours you sleep, including weekends. Divide that number by seven to calculate your nightly need. Think about a time you've been on vacation or of a night you felt particularly rested—how much sleep did you get? Once you have that number, calculate backwards from the time you want to get up and plan to go to bed at that new hour.‎ Find out your stayawake things Nighttime can go away fast, especially when you have a lot to accomplish. To be successful in having an earlier bedtime, you may need to set an alarm. And contrary to popular advice, you don't have to turn off the light right before bed.___17___, but reading a thriller may not be the best idea.‎ Create a morning to do list Another good habit is to think about what you want to accomplish in the morning. Having a morning goal is the best motivation（动力）.___18___This way you'll feel like you're on a task when you wake up, you'll get closer to your morning goal and you'll have a clear schedule to follow.‎ ‎___19___‎ People who exercise are easy to sleep better than those who don't. Indeed, studies have shown a strong connection to a better quality of sleep for people who work out at least 10 minutes a day.___20___, which in turn helps fight with sleeplessness.‎ A. Praise yourself B. Take some exercise C. Reading is a great way to relax D. Write three tasks you have to do the next day E. Here's how to figure out your sleep needs F. One reason: exercise reduces your stress levels G. It can be difficult to develop a new habit even if you know the habit is positive and useful 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了让自己早起的终极绝招。‎ ‎【答案】16. E 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. F ‎【解析】‎ ‎16. 根据本段小标题“Calculate your perfect bedtime.”可知，本段建议计算出你的理想上床时间。根据后文“For a week...calculate backwards from the time you want to get up and plan to go to bed at that new hour.”可知，在讲述计算理想上床睡觉时间的具体方法，E项“Here's how to figure out your sleep needs(以下是如何确定你的睡眠需求)”可起到总结后文的作用，且句中的“figure out”与后文“calculate”相呼应。故选E项。‎ ‎17. 根据后文“but reading a thriller may not be the best idea.(但是读一部恐怖小说可不是最好的主意)”说明设空句应与阅读有关。选项C“Reading is a great way to relax(阅读是放松的好方法)”符合分析，贴合语境。故选C项。‎ ‎18. 根据本段小标题“Create a morning to do list.”可知，本段建议罗列好早起事宜。设空句内容应呼应主题，选项D“Write three tasks you have to do the next day(写下你第二天要做的三件事)”呼应本段小标题。故选D项。‎ ‎19. 设空处为本段小标题。根据下文“People who exercise are easy to sleep better than those who don't.”可知，锻炼的人往往比那些不锻炼的人睡眠质量高，因此可推知本段的标题应是“锻炼”。B项“Take some exercise(做一些运动)”符合分析，适合做本段标题。故选B项。‎ ‎20. 根据上文“Indeed, studies have shown a strong connection to a better quality of sleep for people who work out at least 10 minutes a day.(事实上，研究表明，每天至少锻炼10分钟与睡眠质量高有大大的关联性。)”可知，设空句应对此结论解释原因。选项F“One reason: exercise reduces your stress levels(原因之一：运动可以降低你的压力水平，这反过来又有助于对抗失眠)”合理解释了原因。故选F项。‎ 第二部分 语言知识运用(共两节， 满分50分)‎ 第一节(共20小题； 每小题1.5分， 满分30分)‎ 阅读下面短文， 从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中， 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Steve was a seventh grader a big boy, looking more like a teenager than a 12yearold. Yet, he went unnoticed—he had been ___21___ every examination since first grade—until Miss Wilma appeared.‎ In the middle of the first semester of school, the entire seventh grade was ___22___ for basic skills.‎ ‎“You all did pretty well，” Miss Wilma told the class after going over the ___23___ ， “except for one boy. And it ___24___ my heart to tell you this, but...” she ___25___， “the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class.” Steve ___26___ his eyes and carefully examined his fingertips.‎ After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework. Even if Miss Wilma ___27___ punished him, he remained ___28___.‎ ‎“Steve, please! I care about you！”‎ ‎___29___, Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”‎ One Monday a couple of weeks later, Miss Wilma gave a ___30___ on the weekend homework. Steve ___31___ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper. With a look of ___32___ ， Miss Wilma took his paper and began to look it over.‎ Miss Wilma’s face was in a ___33___ shock! She glanced up at Steve, then ___34___ ， then up. The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!‎ From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand ___35___, but he could translate what he learned into his life. He became ___36___ .‎ After high school, Steve enlisted in the Navy, and he had a(n) ___37___ military career. During his naval years, he inspired many young people who might not have ___38___ themselves without him.‎ A ___39___ took place within the heart of a boy all because of one teacher, who ___40___ about him.‎ ‎21. A. missing B. failing C. passing D. skipping ‎22. A. tested B. classified C. separated D. dismissed ‎23. A. questions B. effects C. lessons D. results ‎24. A. fills B. presses C. breaks D. destroys ‎25. A. shouted B. hesitated C. interrupted D. laughed ‎26. A. dropped B. raised C. covered D. closed ‎27. A. strangely B. steadily C. severely D. secretly ‎28. A. helpless B. stubborn C. flexible D. crazy ‎29. A. Commonly B. Unwillingly C. Particularly D. Suddenly ‎30. A. quiz B. chance C. speech D. presentation ‎31. A. slept B. looked C. lived D. hurried ‎32. A. disappointment B. surprise C. satisfaction D. inspiration ‎33. A. bitter B. total C. precious D. ridiculous ‎34. A. down B. away C. out D. back ‎35. A. homework B. grades C. knowledge D. subjects ‎36. A. outstanding B. lazy C. rough D. troublesome ‎37. A. tiring B. ordinary C. hardworking D. successful ‎38. A. relied on B. looked after C. turned to D. believed in ‎39. A. competition B. choice C. change D. campaign ‎40. A. waited B. listened C. wished D. cared 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Steve曾经每次考试都不及格，但是Miss Wilma看到成绩的时候，却说他是班里最聪明的学生，而且告诉他老师非常关心他。Steve感受到老师对自己的良苦用心，从此刻苦学习，逐渐变成个优秀的人。老师对他的影响促使他用同样的方法去影响并且帮助更多的人。‎ ‎【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. D 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C 36. A 37. D 38. D 39. C 40. D ‎【解析】‎ ‎21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，直到威尔玛小姐出现，他才被人发现——从一年级开始，他每次考试都不及格。A. missing思念；错过；B. failing失败；不及格；C. passing 通过；D. skipping遗漏；跳越。根据后文“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class(七年级最聪明的男孩不及格)” 可知，Steve学习成绩很差，故可推知，他自一年级以来成绩就不及格。故选B项。‎ ‎22. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第一学期的期中，整个七年级都要进行基础技能测试。A. tested测试；检查；B. classified把……分类；C. separated使分离；脱离；D. dismissed解雇。根据后文“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class”可知，学校里进行了考试。故选A项。‎ ‎23. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你们都考得很好，”威尔玛小姐检查完成绩后对全班同学说，“除了一个男生。”A. questions问题；B. effects效果；C. lessons课程；D. results 结果；成绩。根据前文“You all did pretty well(你们都考得很好)”可知，老师在浏览过考试成绩之后宣布考试结果。故选D项。‎ ‎24. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很难过告诉你们，但是……”，她犹豫了一下，“七年级最聪明的男孩不及格。”A. fills填写；B. presses推挤；按压；C. breaks打碎; 破碎；D. destroys摧毁；毁掉。break one’s heart，固定结构，意为“使某人心碎”，用在句中表达Miss Wilma知道有同学考试不及格的伤心心情，符合句意表达。故选C项。‎ ‎25. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我很难过告诉你，但是……”，她犹豫了一下，“七年级最聪明的男孩不及格。”A. shouted大声说出; 大喊；B. hesitated迟疑; 不愿意；C. interrupted打断；妨碍；D. laughed笑；嘲笑。根据“And it ____ my heart to tell you this, but...”可知，but句表示转折，且之后有省略号，说明老师犹豫了一下。故选B项。‎ ‎26. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫垂下眼睛，仔细检查着自己的指尖。A. dropped下落；B. raised提高；C. covered覆盖；D. closed关闭。根据后文“carefully examined his fingertips”可知，Steve应是垂下双眼，然后才能查看自己的手指尖。故选A项。‎ ‎27. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：即使威尔玛小姐严厉地惩罚了他，他还是固执己见。A. strangely奇怪地；B. steadily稳定地；C. severely严厉地；D. secretly秘密地。根据“After that, Steve still wouldn’t do his homework.”可知，在那之后，Steve仍然不愿意做作业，因此，可推知老师严厉地惩罚他。故选C项。‎ ‎28. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使威尔玛小姐严厉地惩罚了他，他还是固执己见。A. helpless无助的；B. stubborn固执的；倔强的；C. flexible灵活的；D. crazy疯狂的。分析可知，“Even if Miss Wilma ___ punished him, he remained ____.”前后句应是转折关系，老师严厉惩罚他，他依然不愿意做作业，很固执。故选B项。‎ ‎29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，史蒂夫明白了!“有人关心我吗?!”A. Commonly共同地；B. Unwillingly不愿意地；C. Particularly特别地；D. Suddenly突然地。根据后文：Steve got it! “Someone CARES ABOUT ME？！”可知，对于有人关心自己，Steve的语气应是震惊的，选项D Suddenly用在句中，可以表达Steve的“幡然醒悟”。故选D项。‎ ‎30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后的一个星期一，威尔玛小姐就周末的家庭作业做了一个小测验。A. quiz考试；B. chance机会；C. speech演讲；D. presentation展示。根据后文“Steve ____ through the test and was the first to hand in his paper.”可知老师进行了测试，他是第一个交卷的。故选A项。‎ ‎31. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：史蒂夫匆匆完成了考试，第一个交卷。A. slept睡觉；B. looked看；C. lived生活；居住；D. hurried仓促。根据后文“…and was the first to hand in his paper”可知他是第一个交卷的学生，因此可知他很快完成了试卷。故选D项。‎ ‎32. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：威尔玛小姐一脸惊讶地接过他的卷子，开始翻阅起来。A. disappointment失望；B. surprise惊讶；C. satisfaction满意；D. inspiration灵感；鼓舞。根据前文“the smartest boy in the seventh grade is failing my class”可知，Steve的成绩一向不及格，对于第一个交卷，老师对此感到惊讶。故选B项。‎ ‎33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：威尔玛小姐一脸的震惊! A. bitter激烈的；B. total完全的；C. precious珍贵的；D. ridiculous愚蠢的。根据后文“The smartest boy in the seventh grade had just passed his first test!”可知，Steve此次考试及格了，老师感到很震惊。故选B项。‎ ‎34. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她抬头看了一眼史蒂夫，然后低下头，又抬起头。A. down向下；B. away离开；C. out出去；D. back向后。根据前文“glanced up at Steve”可知，老师在上下打量Steve，down与up相对。故选A项。‎ ‎35. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他发现他不仅能记住和理解知识，而且能把学到的知识运用到生活中。A. homework家庭作业；B. grades成绩；C. knowledge知识；D. subjects话题。根据后文“he could translate what he learned into his life”可知，他还可以将学得到的（知识）运用到生活中，因此本空的答案应是C项knowledge。故选C项。‎ ‎36. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他变得杰出。A. outstanding杰出的；B. lazy 懒惰的；C. rough粗糙的；艰难的；D. troublesome令人烦恼的。根据前文“From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand _____, but he could translate what he learned into his life.”可知，从考试及格开始，他就不一样了。Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。由此可推知，他变得很优秀。故选A项。‎ ‎37. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：高中毕业后，史蒂夫应征加入海军，他的军事生涯很成功。A. tiring令人疲惫的；B. ordinary普通的；C. hardworking努力的；D. successful成功的。根据前文“From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve. He discovered that not only could he remember and understand _____, but he could translate what he learned into his life.”可知，从考试及格开始，他就不一样了。Steve不但记住并理解了知识，而且可以把所学知识应用到生活中。他变得很优秀。因此可推知，他的军队生涯也很成功。故选D项。‎ ‎38. 考查动词词组辨析。句意：在他的海军生涯中，他鼓舞了许多年轻人，如果没有他，他们可能不会相信自己。 A. relied on依赖；依靠；B. looked after照顾；照看；C. turned to转向；变成；求助于；D. believed in信仰；信任。分析可知，“who might not have ____ themselves”应是之前名词many young people的定语从句，“he inspired many young people”，根据Steve的经历和常识判断，他鼓励的应是对自己没有信心的人。故选D项。‎ ‎39. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一个男孩的内心发生了变化，这一切都是因为一个关心他的老师。A. competition竞争；B. choice选择；C. change改变；D. campaign战役。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了老师对于Steve的关心使他发生了改变，对应原文“From that moment, nothing was the same for Steve.”说明他的内心发生了改变。故选C项。‎ ‎40. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个男孩的内心发生了变化，这一切都是因为一个关心他的老师。 A. waited等待；等候；B. listened听；C. wished希望；D. cared关心。分析可知，“who ____ about him”应是之前名词one teacher的定语从句，此句中中one teacher应是文中的Miss Wilma，她对于Steve是关心的。故选D项。‎ 第二节 语篇填空(共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分)‎ 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Lions，tigers and other animals are staying awake at night___41___（avoid）human beings，a new study finds．‎ Scientists have known that human activities can lead to changes in nature．Many animals may move around less or travel to far places to keep away___42___people．By being awake at night，animals can also be on guard against possible enemies and spend less time___43___（look）for food．‎ The latest research found even activities like farming and camping can___44___（fright）animals and cause them to become more active at night．___45___had been studied were lions in Tanzania，tigers in Nepal and monkeys in Brazil．Researchers compared___46___（careful）how much time those animals were active at night in areas of human activities，such as hunting and farming．___47___was human activities that caused an increase of about 20 percent in night time activities，even in creatures that usually sleep at night．Results___48___（publish）in the journal Science two months ago．‎ The new findings are___49___（usual）because no one else has looked at it in such detail before Ecologist Marlee Tucker was___50___（surprise）that any kind of human activities is enough for animals to see people as a threat．‎ 本文是一项关于动物的最新研究报道。狮子、老虎和其他动物在夜间保持清醒，以躲避人类。最新的研究发现，即使是像耕作和露营这样的活动也能吓到动物，让它们在夜间变得更加活跃。‎ ‎【答案】41. to avoid ‎42. from 43. looking ‎44. frighten ‎45. What 46. carefully ‎47. It 48. were published ‎49. unusual ‎50. surprised ‎【解析】‎ ‎41. 考查动词不定式。句意：狮子、老虎和其他动物在夜间保持清醒，以躲避人类。结合句意此处是动词不定式做目的状语，故答案为to avoid。‎ ‎42. 考查固定词组。句意：许多动物可能会更少地移动，或者到很远的地方去远离人群。固定词组：keep away from远离，回避，故答案为from。‎ ‎43. 考查固定结构。句意：通过在夜间保持清醒，动物也可以防备可能的敌人，花更少的时间寻找食物。spend---（in）doing sth.在做---上花费，故答案为looking。‎ ‎44. 考查动词。句意：最新的研究发现，即使是像耕作和露营这样的活动也能吓到动物，让它们在夜间变得更加活跃。情态动词后面跟动词原形，frighten“使害怕”是动词，故答案为frighten。‎ ‎45. 考查主语从句。句意：研究的对象是坦桑尼亚的狮子、尼泊尔的老虎和巴西的猴子。分析句子结构，句子没有主语，此处用主语从句做主语，从句没有主语和引导词，所以应该用what引导主语从句，故答案为what。‎ ‎46. 考查副词。句意：研究人员仔细比较了这些动物在夜间活动的时间，比如狩猎和农耕。此处compare是动词，副词修饰动词，故答案为carefully。‎ ‎47. 考查强调句式。句意：正是人类活动导致夜间活动增加了大约20%，即使是在夜间睡觉的生物中也是如此。此处是强调句型，It was+强调部分+that---，故答案为It。‎ ‎48. 考查被动语态。句意：研究结果发表在两个月前的《科学》杂志上。根据two months ago且句子主语Results和publish之间是被动关系，所以此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，答案为were published。‎ ‎49. 考查形容词。句意：这些新发现是不同寻常的，因为在生态学家Marlee Tucker惊讶地发现，任何人类活动都足以让动物把人视为威胁以前，没有其他的人这样详细地考虑它。结合句意可知答案为unusual。‎ ‎50. 考查过去分词。句意：这些新发现是不同寻常的，因为在生态学家Marlee Tucker惊讶地发现，任何人类活动都足以让动物把人视为威胁以前，没有其他的人这样详细地考虑它。结合句意可知答案为surprised。‎ ‎【点睛】浅谈强调句 ‎1. 用It is／was...that／who...句型表示强调。‎ ‎（1）陈述句的强调句型：It is/was+被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+that/who（当强调主语且主语指人）+其它部分。 e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.‎ ‎（2）一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/was提到it前面。 e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?‎ ‎（3）特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？e.g. When and where was it that you were born?‎ 注：被强调的部分（通常是句子的主语、状语、宾语或宾语补足语）放在is／was的后面，如被强调的是人，则后面可用who，whom等代替。‎ ‎2. not...until...句型的强调句：‎ 句型为：It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其它部分：‎ e.g. 普通句：He didn't go to bed until/till his wife came back.‎ 强调句：It was not until his wife came back that he went to bed.‎ ‎3. 强调谓语动词：用助动词do, does或did加动词原形来强调谓语动词。注意：此种强调只用do/does和did，没有别的形式；过去时态用did，后面的谓语动词用原形。如：Do come early. 务必早来。He did send you a letter last week. 昨天他确实寄给你一封信。‎ 第三部分 单项选择(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)‎ ‎51.Last month，an earthquake _______ six on Richter scale happened in the northern part of Indonesia.‎ A. measured B. to measure C. to be measured D. measuring ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：上个月，印度尼西亚北部发生了里氏6级地震。分析可知，句中谓语为happened，因此所填动词应是非谓语形式，作定语，measure“测量”，是不及物动词，无被动式，采用现在分词形式作其后置定语。故选D项。‎ ‎52.He is a breast cancer_________, who has devoted all his time and energy to studying it.‎ A. specialist B. physician C. physicist D. surgeon ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他是一名乳腺癌专家，他投入了所有的时间和精力来研究乳腺癌。A. specialist专家；专科医生；B. physician内科医生；C. physicist物理学家；D. surgeon外科医生。根据空前定语“breast cancer(乳腺癌)”可知，他是一位这方面的专家。故选A项。‎ ‎53.That boy is being a real______.‎ A. insect B. pest C. worm D. bacterium ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个男孩真是个讨厌鬼。A. insect昆虫；B. pest 害虫; 讨厌鬼 (尤指小孩)；C. worm蠕虫；D. bacterium细菌。根据句子主语为“the boy”且结合句意可知，那个小男孩很令人讨厌。故选B项。‎ ‎54.People of a kind come together. Birds of a _______flock together.‎ A. leather B. fur C. moustache D. feather ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：物以类聚，人以群分。A. leather 皮革；B. fur毛；(动物的) 毛皮；C. moustache小胡子 (嘴唇以上)；D. feather羽毛。根据前文名词“birds(鸟类)”可知，本句应是指它们的羽毛。故选D项。‎ ‎55.We don’t accept the responsibility but we will refund the money as a ______ of goodwill.‎ A. posture B. gesture C. state D. rank ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们不承担责任，但为了表示友好，我们会把钱退了。A. posture (站或坐的) 姿势；态度；B. gesture 手势；姿态；表示；C. state状况; 状态；D. rank职位; 级别。结合后文“of goodwill”可知，退钱是作为友好的表达。故选B项。‎ ‎56.It is________ that he should have failed to win the race.‎ A. certain B. wonder C. curious D. mess ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他竟然没有赢得比赛，这是很不寻常的。A. certain确信的；有把握的；B. wonder神奇的；C. curious好奇的；D. mess凌乱。结合句意可知，it为形式主语，真正主语为之后从句，且从句结构为：that+主语+should+V原形，且句中含有“竟然”之意，应是考查虚拟语气在主语从句中的应用，即：It is strange/curious that... (should)do…。结合句意可知，对于他没有赢得比赛感到不寻常。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】虚拟语气用于主语从句 It is amazing (strange, curious, surprising, astonishing, a pity, a shame)以及 I am surprised (sorry) 和I regret等结构后的that 从句中有时也用should，表示说话人的惊异、懊悔、失望等情感，常含有“竟然”之意：‎ It's strange that he should be so rude. 他竟如此无礼，真是奇怪。‎ I'm surprised that he should have failed. 他竟然失败了，这使我很吃惊。‎ 比如本题，通过句意理解可知，表达了对他没有赢得比赛的惊异，含有“竟然”之意。因此结合虚拟语气用于主语从句句式可知，应选curious：It is curious that he should have failed to win the race.( 他竟然没有赢得比赛，这是很奇怪的。)‎ ‎57.He dyed his beard to avoid____________ .‎ A. to be recognized B. being recognized C. recognition D. recognize ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查非谓语动物。句意：他把胡子染了，以免被认出来。分析可知，avoid doing sth, 避免做某事，所选动词与主语之间为被动关系，应用动名词的被动结构，即：avoid being done。故选B项。‎ ‎58.The competition attracted over 500 players ____________8 different countries.‎ A. to represent B. represented C. representing D. who represents ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：比赛吸引了代表8个不同国家的500多名选手参加。分析可知，句中谓语为“attracted”，所选动词应是非谓语，作之前名词的后置定语，represent与其逻辑主语players是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故选C项。‎ ‎59.I was the first reporter ________ to take pictures of giant pandas in the reserve.‎ A. to permit B. to be permitted C. permitted D. permitting ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我是第一个获准在保护区内拍摄大熊猫的记者。分析可知，句中谓语为was，所选动词应是非谓语，作之前名词the first reporter的后置定语，permit与其逻辑主语reporter是被动关系，主句是一般过去时，藐视过去发生的事情，过去分词表示被动完成，B项是不定式的被动式，表示动作未发生。故选C项。‎ ‎【点睛】根据句子类型和句子结构判断应该用非谓语动词之后，考生要考虑以下因素来确定非谓语动词的具体形式：‎ ‎1.判断非谓语动词在句中所充当的成分。‎ ‎2.找到非谓语动词的逻辑主语。当非谓语动词在句中作状语时，句子的主语为非谓语动词的逻辑主语；当非谓语动词在句中作定语时，它所修饰的名词或代词是非谓语动词的逻辑主语；当非谓语动词在句中作宾语补足语时，宾语为非谓语动词的逻辑主语。‎ ‎3.判断主谓或动宾关系。如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间构成主谓关系，就用表示主动意义的现在分词；如果非谓语动词与其逻辑主语之间是动宾关系，则用表示被动意义的过去分词。‎ 比如本题，分析可知，句中的谓语已经存在，即：was，因此可推知所填动词应是非谓语，进一步分析所填动词permit与之前名词the first reporter（逻辑主语）的关系为动宾关系，应是过去分词作定语，表示被动。因此答案为C项。‎ ‎60. I agree with most of what you said, but I don't agree with ________.‎ A. nothing B. anything C. something D. everything ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ 考查代词辨析。句意：我同意你所说的大部分，但我并不同意全部。A.nothing无事，无物；B.anything任何事；C.something某物，某事；D.everything一切，所有事物。not和everything连用表示部分否定，根据前文同意大部分，可推断并不同意全部。故选B。‎