2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修4-Module+1+Life+in+the+Future

2017届高考英语（外研版）一轮教师文档讲义：必修4-Module+1+Life+in+the+Future

‎●‎ 必修4‎ ‎●‎ ‎[话题素材]‎ 好词 ‎1．advantage n. 优点，益处，好处　2.convenience n. 便利，方便 ‎3．satisfy vt. 使满足 4.comfortable adj. 舒适的，自在的 ‎5．colorful adj. 颜色鲜艳的，丰富多彩的 6.in my free time 在我的空暇时间 ‎7．change one's life 改变某人的生活 8.benefit from 从……中获益 ‎9．come true 实现 10.lead to 导致 ‎11．the quality of life 生活质量 12.enjoy one's life 享受生活 ‎13．with the development of... 随着……的发展 ‎14．work as 作为……工作；担任 ‎15．in a word 总之，一句话 佳句 ‎1．Never put_off till tomorrow what you can do today.‎ 今日事今日毕。‎ ‎2．Opportunities are_like sunrises—if you wait too long, you miss them.‎ 机会如同日出——等得太久就会错过。‎ ‎3．We should value and make better use of our resources.‎ 我们应该重视和更好地利用自然资源。‎ ‎[精美语篇]‎ I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. My life will be very different in ten years. I will be twentyeight years old by then and have my own family， probably with a lovely baby. I hope I will work as a designer in a big company， which produces the computer. I'll enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues. I'll try my best in whatever I do. In my free time， I will continue to take exercise regularly， such as swimming， walking and playing various kinds of ball games.‎ In a word， my life will be richer and more colorful.‎ ‎ 高频单词 ‎1．alternative (adj.) 替换的；供选择的　(n.) 可供选择的事物 ‎2．arrest (vt.&n.) 逮捕；拘留 ‎3．charge (n.) 费用；价钱　(v.) 指控；收费；充电；要价 ‎4．switch (n.) 开关；(vi.) 交换；调换 ‎5．eventually (adv.) 最后；终于 ‎6．shape (vt.) 造成……形状　(n.) 形状；身材 ‎7．load (vt.) 装；装载→download (vt.) 下载 ‎8．risk (vt.) 冒险→risky (adj.) 冒险的，危险的 ‎9．rely (vt.) 依赖；依靠→reliable (adj.) 可信赖的；可依靠的 ‎10．limit (n.) (常用作复数)范围→limited (adj.) 限制的；有限的 ‎11．predict (vt.) 预言；预料→prediction (n.) 预测 ‎12．command (n.&v.) 命令；指令→commander (n.) 指挥官 ‎13．power (vt.) 供给动力→powerful (adj.) 有权力的；有力量的→powerless (adj.) 无力的；无权的 ‎14．disability (n.) 失去能力；伤残→disable (vt.) 使伤残→disabled (adj.) 残疾的→able (adj.) 能够的，有能力的 ‎15．attach (vt.) 系；贴；连接→attached (adj.) 附加的，附属的→attachment (n.) 附件 ‎16．optimistic (adj.) 乐观的；乐观主义的→optimism (n.) 乐观主义 ‎17．crime (n.) 罪，罪行→criminal(n.) 罪犯 ‎18．definite (adj.) 肯定的；确定的→definitely (adv.) 无疑地；确定地 ‎ 重点短语 ‎1．for_sure　肯定地 ‎2．run_out (某物)用完；没有了 ‎3．rely_on 依靠 ‎4．get_rid_of 除掉；处理掉 ‎5．free_of_charge 免费 ‎6．carry_out 开展；执行；进行 ‎7．use_up 用完 ‎8．look_out 小心；当心 ‎9．for_a_start 首先 ‎10．on_the_way_out 即将过时，即将被淘汰 ‎11．place_an_order/orders 订购 ‎ 热点句型 ‎1．动名词短语作主语 No one knows for sure, and making_predictions is a risky business.(教材P2)‎ 谁也说不准，并且猜测也是件冒险的事。‎ ‎2．不定式作目的状语；现在分词短语可以作结果状语 To_get_rid_of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun, preventing_landfill_and_environmental_problems.(教材P2)‎ 为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射，这样做防止了垃圾填埋和环境问题。‎ ‎3．no matter＋who/where/which/what等引导让步状语从句 Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no_matter_where they live.(教材P2)‎ 每个人出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。‎ ‎4．with 复合结构，在句中作状语或定语 Distance surgery will become common as doctors carry out operations from thousands of miles away, with_each_city_having its own telesurgery outpatient clinic.(教材P2)‎ 远程手术将会变得非常普遍，因为每个城市都有自己的远程诊所，医生们可以从几千英里外实施手术。‎ ‎5．过去分词短语作定语，相当于一个定语从句 Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras attached_to_their_ head.(教材P2)‎ 通过系在头上的高科技照相机，老年人和身体有残疾的人就能周游世界。‎ ‎6．too...to do sth. “太……而不能做某事”‎ I'm too busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the future！(教材P8)‎ 我现在忙于享受生活而无暇为未来担忧！‎ ‎7．not all表示部分否定 Not_all predictions come true.(教材P9)‎ 不是所有的预言都会成为现实。‎ ‎ 教材复现 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ ‎1．What will the city of the future look ________？‎ 答案：like ‎2．They are going to get ________ (big) before they get smaller.‎ 答案：bigger ‎3．We will also have to rely more ________ alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.‎ 答案：on ‎4．Police will arrest criminals by ________ (fire) nets instead of guns.‎ 答案：firing ‎5．No smoking ________ (allow) within a future city's limits.‎ 答案：will be allowed ‎6．Catalogues will have voice commands to place ________ (order)．‎ 答案：orders ‎7．All cars ________ (power) by electricity.‎ 答案：will be powered ‎8．________ will be possible to change the color of cars at the flick of a switch.‎ 答案：It ‎9．I'm not really sure what I ________ (do) in ten years from now.‎ 答案：will be doing ‎10．Thirty years from now people will be wearing clothes ________ (make) of paper which they will be able to throw ________ after ________ (wear) them two or three times.‎ 答案：made; away; wearing ‎1　　load　n．负担；负荷物　vt.装载；负重 To get rid of garbage problems, the city will load huge spaceships with waste materials and send them towards the sun.(P2)‎ 为了摆脱垃圾问题的困扰，城市将会用巨型宇宙飞船装载废弃材料，朝太阳发射。‎ ‎(1)take a load off one's mind 打消某人的顾虑 a load of sth./loads of... 大量的 ‎＝a lot of/lots of...‎ have a load on one's mind 放心不下……‎ ‎(2)load sb. with sth. 用……装载……‎ be loaded with 负载……‎ load sth. into/onto... 把……装入，使……负担……‎ unload sth. from sth. 从(车、船等)卸下……‎ ‎①[2012·重庆高考]Worse yet, when dolphins get too near to the boats loaded with tourists, they could get caught up in ropes and killed by propellers.‎ 更糟糕的是，当海豚们太靠近一些载着游客的船时，它们很可能困在绳子里被船桨杀死。‎ ‎②[2013·浙江高考]Often this earliest form of advertising involved a newly arrived ship loaded with goods.‎ 通常这种最早期的广告形式包含一种装满货物的新到达的船。‎ ‎③[牛津大辞典]She thought she would not be able to bear the load of bringing up her family alone.‎ 她认为她无法独自一人担负起养家的重任。‎ ‎④[朗文当代高级英语辞典]Can you load the CD into the player please?‎ 请你把光盘放入播放机中好吗？‎ ‎2　　command　n．命令[C]；指挥，控制[U]　vt.&vi.命令；指挥；掌管 In the future all shopping will be done online, and catalogues will have voice commands to place orders.(P2)‎ 在未来所有的购物将会在网上被做，目录簿将用声控来定购物品。‎ ‎(1)in/under the command of sb.‎ ‎＝under one's command 在某人的负责/指挥下 at somebody's command 听从某人吩咐 in command of 指挥，控制 take command of 控制，负责……的指挥 have a good command of 精通，很好地掌握 ‎(2)command sb. to_do_sth. 命令某人做……‎ command that...(should)_do 命令……(从句用虚拟语气) ‎ ‎①[2013·浙江高考]She didn't have a good command of English.‎ 她没有很好地掌握英语。‎ ‎②[牛津高阶英汉双解词典]I'm at your command—what would you like me to do?‎ 我听从您的吩咐，您要我做什么？‎ ‎③[朗文辞典]He has studied in the US and has a good command of English.‎ 他在美国留过学，精通英语。‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ command后接宾语从句、同位语从句和表语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。‎ ‎①The boss commanded that the workers (should) leave their office before dark.‎ ‎②His command is that we (should) go at once.‎ ‎③His command that we (should) go is right.‎ ‎3　　charge　n．费用；价钱；主管；掌管　v．指控；收费；充电；要价 All forms of recreation, such as cinemas, bowling, softball, concerts and others, will be provided free of charge by the city.(P2)‎ 所有的娱乐形式，例如，电影院、保龄球、垒球、音乐会和其他等等，都将由城市免费提供。‎ ‎(1)free of charge＝for free 免费 sb. be in charge of sth.某人负责管理某事 ‎＝sth. be in the charge of sb.某事/物由某人管理 take charge of掌管；负责；看管 ‎(2)charge sb. (money) for sth.向某人索取……的费用 charge sb. with (doing) sth.因某事而控告某人 ‎①[2014·广东高考语法填空]I didn't understand why this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for the reservation.‎ 我不理解这事是如何发生的，况且我已经付了预定的钱。‎ ‎②[2014·湖北高考]There was a very naughty boy in the nursery and a teacher who was generally very confident with the children was asked to take charge of him. ‎ 托儿所里有一个很淘气的小男孩，一位对看管孩子很有信心的老师被叫去负责看管他。‎ ‎③[牛津辞典]He was charged with murder.‎ 他被指控犯有谋杀罪。‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ 注意in charge of与in the charge of的用法区别，前者是“掌管，负责”一般用人作主语，后者是“在……的掌管之下”，一般用物作主语。‎ 易混辨析 charge 一般是卖者或提供服务者索要的“费用”‎ price 一般指商品的售价，有时泛指“物价”‎ cost 指生产某种东西的成本，或指某类服务或活动所花的费用 ‎④选词填空(charge/price/cost)‎ a．All goods are delivered free of ________.‎ b．What's the ________ of this table?‎ c．The ________ of production is very high.‎ 答案：a.charge　b．price　c．cost ‎4　　attach　vt.系；贴；附上；连接；使附属 Senior citizens and people with disabilities will be able to go anywhere in the world using hightech cameras attached to their head.(P2)‎ 老年人和身体有残疾的人通过使用系在头上的高科技照相机就能周游世界。‎ ‎ attach sth. to sth.把……附在……上；把……固定在……上 attach oneself to sb./sth.依附于某人/某物 be attached to sb./sth.依恋；爱慕某人/某物；隶属于……；附属于……‎ attach importance/significance to重视……/认为……很重要 ‎①[2013·陕西高考，阅读理解C]Status is the honour or respect attached_to a person's position in society.‎ 身份是附着在一个人的社会地位上的荣誉或尊敬。‎ ‎②[朗文高级辞典]It's easy to become attached_to the children you work with.‎ 你很容易就会喜欢上工作中接触到的孩子。‎ ‎③[牛津高阶英汉双解词典]He attached himself to me at the party and I couldn't get rid of him.‎ 在聚会上他老是缠着我，我简直无法摆脱他。‎ 过关演练 在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式 ‎1．Are you studying at a middle school ________ (attach) to Beijing University?‎ 答案：attached ‎2．In many states of America, a neighbor may charge you ________ playing your radio too loudly.‎ 答案：with ‎3．They are loading the trucks ________ bricks.‎ 答案：with ‎4．For more than two decades, Mr Smith has been ________ command of the skill.‎ 答案：in ‎5．Always, the table ________ with delicious food of many different kinds.‎ 答案：is loaded ‎6．The general's command was that the young soldiers ________ (leave) the fort (军营) and carry out an important task.‎ 答案：(should) leave ‎7．[2015·陕西高考]I have such ________ good command of English that I am elected as assistant to my English teacher.‎ 答案：a ‎8．She ________ (charge) me 24 yuan for the book.‎ 答案：charged ‎9．To be honest, a lot of people attached importance to ________ (become) rich and famous.‎ 答案：becoming ‎10．The army is ________ the king's direct ________ (command)．‎ 答案：under; command ‎1　　run out (某物)用完；没有了 In the future, care for the environment will become very important as earth's natural resources run out.(P2)‎ 将来，因为地球上的自然资源濒临枯竭，关爱环境将变得非常重要。‎ ‎ 区别：‎ ‎①[2013·广东高考语法填空]Suddenly, he found that he had run_out_of salt.‎ 突然，他发现盐用光了。‎ ‎②[2013·浙江高考]Time can run_out. If you put things off till the last minute, you might find that you haven't budgeted enough minutes to finish the necessary tasks.‎ 时间可以被用完。如果你拖到最后一分钟去做事情，你就会发现你没有足够的时间去完成任务。‎ ‎③[牛津辞典]Time is_running_out for the trapped miners.‎ 被困矿工的时间不多了。‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ run out为不及物动词短语，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命的名词。run out of是及物动词短语，主语是人，后接宾语。use up是及物动词短语，相当于run out of，也可以说sth. be used up，而give out为不及物动词短语，表示“(某物)用完了，没有了”，无被动语态。‎ I ran out of my money.‎ My money is running out.‎ I have used up my money.‎ My money gave out.‎ ‎ 2　　rely on/upon依靠；依赖 We will also have to rely more on alternative energy, such as solar and wind power.(P2)‎ 我们也必须更多地依靠像太阳能和风能这样的可替代能源。‎ ‎ ‎－特别提示－‎ rely on后面用that从句作宾语时，中间必须加形式宾语it。如：You can rely on it that it will rain this weekend.‎ ‎①[2013·江西高考，阅读理解A]Dennis continued to cut down trees. Small animals that relied_on them for food and shelter were destroyed.‎ 丹尼斯继续砍伐树木，那些依赖这些树木获取食物和栖息地的小动物们遭到毁灭。‎ ‎②[2013·湖北高考]By mentioning the breakdown of the computer, the author wants to prove it's unwise to simply rely_on technology.‎ 通过电脑瘫痪的例子，作者想证明仅仅依靠科技是不明智的。‎ ‎③[朗文辞典]As babies, we rely entirely on_others_for_food.‎ 在婴儿时期，我们完全依赖别人喂食。‎ ‎ 3　　get rid of 摆脱；除掉；处理掉 You get rid of something if you don't need it.(P8)‎ 如果你不需要某种东西就摆脱它。‎ ‎ ‎①[2014·安徽高考]Go outdoors and play team games with your friends as physical exercise is an efficient way to get_rid_of anger.‎ 去室外和朋友玩游戏，因为体育活动是摆脱气愤的一个有效方式。‎ ‎②[2014·黑龙江哈三中高三验收]To teach babies swim, the first step is to have a child get_rid_of the fear of water.‎ 为了教会孩子游泳，第一步就是让孩子去除对水的恐惧感。‎ 过关演练 选词填空 for sure； run out of； get rid of； run out； rely on； take off； come ture； belong to ‎1．No one knows ________ what will happen in the future.‎ 答案：for sure ‎2．I wonder what we will rely on when natural resources ________.‎ 答案：run out ‎3．We should try to ________ bad habits.‎ 答案：get rid of ‎4．[2015·课标全国卷Ⅱ]You have to ________ your experience.‎ 答案：rely on ‎5．My money ________， so I can't afford to buy it.‎ 答案：has been run out of ‎6．His dream ________ at last.‎ 答案：came ture ‎7．The new film has really ________.‎ 答案：taken off ‎8．China is a country ________ the third world.‎ 答案：belonging to ‎1　　I'm too busy enjoying my life now to_worry_about the future！(P8)‎ 我现在忙于享受生活，而无暇为未来担忧！‎ ‎①He was too_excited_to say a word when he heard the good news.‎ 当他听到这个好消息时激动地说不出话来。‎ a．某些形容词与“too...to...”‎ 句型连用时，(too＝very)表示肯定意义，这些形容词多为表示情感的词，如glad, pleased, surprised, delighted, happy, easy, willing, ready, eager, anxious等。‎ They are too anxious to leave.‎ 他们急于离开。‎ He is always too ready to help others.‎ 他总是乐于助人。‎ b．如在too前加上only, but, all, simply或just时，“too...to...”结构表示肯定意义，此时too带有赞赏的感情色彩。‎ I'm only too glad to see you.‎ 见到你非常高兴。‎ They are but too pleased to hear the news.‎ 他们听到这个消息非常高兴。‎ c．“too...to...”结构和never, not等否定副词连用时，表示肯定意义，意为“无论……也不为过，越……越好”。‎ You can't be too careful.＝You can never be careful enough.‎ 你越小心越好。‎ ‎②[2014·江苏高考]In contemporary culture, physical expressions of anger are generally considered too socially harmful to be tolerated.‎ 在当代文化里，用身体表达愤怒一般被认为具有社会危害性而不被容忍。‎ ‎③[2014·山东高考改编]Relax yourself every day, or you'll be too tired to get good grades.‎ 每天要放松，否则你会太累而不会取得好成绩。‎ ‎2　　Everyone will be given a telephone number at birth that will never change no_matter_where they live.(P2)‎ 每个人在出生时都会领到一个电话号码，无论他们生活在什么地方，这个号码都不会改变。‎ ‎(1)no matter＋what/who/which/where/when/how也可替换成what/who/which/where/when/how＋ever的形式。‎ ‎(2)“no matter＋疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句，而whatever, whichever, whoever除了引导让步状语从句外，还可引导名词性从句。‎ ‎[2014·江西高考]When communication becomes more efficient, people are able to contact one another no_matter_where they are and at whatever time they wish to.(让步状语从句)‎ 当通讯变得更为有效时，人们不论在哪，随时都能够彼此联系。‎ ‎ 过关演练 同义句改写 ‎1．The problem is so difficult that I can't work it out.‎ ‎⇒The problem is ________ difficult for me ________ work out.‎ 答案：too; to ‎2．Wherever you go, I'll be right here waiting for you.‎ ‎⇒________ you go, I will be right here waiting for you.‎ 答案：No matter where ‎3．The door is very narrow that a car can't get through.‎ ‎⇒The door is ________ narrow for a car ________ get through.‎ 答案：too; to ‎4．All the people in America didn't like beer.‎ ‎⇒________ the people in America like beer.‎ 答案：Not all ‎5．They are so young that they can't understand such things.‎ ‎⇒They are too young ________ understand such things.‎ 答案：to ‎6．________ is ________ gold that glitters.‎ ‎⇒________that glitters is gold.‎ 答案：All; not; Not all 将来进行时 助动词shall/will＋be＋doing构成：表示将来某一点或某一时间段(可能)正在发生的事情，常与特定的时间状语连用，有：soon, tomorrow, this evening, at this time tomorrow, tomorrow evening等。‎ 过关演练 ‎1.用括号内单词的正确形式填空 ‎[2013·江苏高考]—Could I use your car tomorrow morning?‎ ‎—Sure, I ________ (write) a report at home.‎ 答案：will be writing ‎2．翻译句子 ‎(1)当你到达时，我将正在机场等你。‎ I ________ for you at the airport when you arrive.‎ 答案：will be waiting ‎(2)你明天打电话时我将正在睡觉。‎ I ________ tomorrow, when you call me.‎ 答案：will be sleeping