【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练3含解析

【英语】2019届高考英语一轮复习阅读理解选练3含解析

‎2019高考英语一轮阅读理解选练（3）‎ A A business school in Paris will soon begin using artificial intelligence and facial analysis to determine whether students are paying attention in class. The software, called Nestor, is used in two online classes at the ESG business school beginning in September.‎ The idea, according to LCA founder Marcel Saucet, is to use the data that Nestor collects to improve the performance of both students and professors. The software uses students webcams（网络摄像机）to analyze eye movements and facial expressions and determine whether students are paying attention to a video lecture. It then formulates quizzes based on the content covered during moments of inattentiveness. Professors would also be able to identify moments when students’ attention declined, which could help to improve their teaching, Saucet says.‎ Advocates for AI in education say that the software is actually unable to teach a course, but the technology could be used as a digital tutor that would adapt to a student’s individual needs, and help develop more effective studying habits. Such software could also help teachers by providing feedback on the effectiveness of their teaching, advocates say.‎ Saucet says Nestor won’t store any of the video footage it gets and that his company has no plans to sell any other data the software collects. In addition to facial recognition and analysis, the software can integrate（合并）with students’ calendars to suggest possible study times, and track their online behavior to pick up on patterns.‎ Rose Luckin, a professor at the University College London Knowledge Lab, says AI could unlock the “black box of learning” by providing information on how and when learning happens. Luckin says a program like Nestor could be useful for students who take classes remotely, since “there isn’t a human there watching them.” And while some are concerned that AI may one day replace teachers, Luckin sees the technology more as an assistant, rather than a replacement. Saucet agrees. “Human contact is not going to go away,” he says. “There will always be professors.”‎ ‎1.How does Nestor work to find out when students aren’t paying attention?‎ A. By collecting the data of students’ performance in different classes.‎ B. By collecting the students’ grades in the quizzes.‎ C. By shooting and analyzing students’ eye movements and facial expressions..‎ D. By identifying moments when students’ attention declined.‎ ‎2.Which is the benefit of AI education?‎ A. It could be used exactly to replace a tutor.‎ B. It helps student to develop more effective studying habits.‎ C. The software is able to satisfy the requirement of a course.‎ D. It could help teachers to give feedback on students’ performance..‎ ‎3.How does Nestor deal with the information collected from students?‎ A. Nestor will use it to suggest possible study time to students’ schedule.‎ B. It won’t store any video footage but facial expression.‎ C. The company hasn’t expected to make profits by selling the data to other corporations..‎ D. Nestor will use it to keep track online of students’ behavior and punish them.‎ ‎4.What is Rose Luckin’s attitude towards the replacement of teachers with AI?‎ A. Objective. B. Approving.‎ C. Indifferent. D. Opposed.‎ ‎【文章大意】本文介绍新的软件Nestor。它通过对学生眼球运动和面部表情的拍摄和分析来判断学生是否注意力集中。这种软件只对教学其辅助作用并不能替代老师。‎ ‎2.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段第一句Advocates for AI in education say that the software is actually unable to teach a course, but the technology could be used as a digital tutor that would adapt to a student’s individual needs, and help develop more effective studying habits.可知AI education帮助学生养成更有效的学习习惯。故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4.D 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中And while some are concerned that AI may one day replace teachers, Luckin sees the technology more as an assistant, rather than a replacement. Saucet agrees.可知Rose Luckin’对AI成为老师的替代品持反对意见。故选D。‎ B ‎(2015·江西八校联考)‎ Around the world，honeybee groups are dying in huge numbers: about onethird of nests collapse each year.For bees and the plants they pollinate (授粉)，as well as for beekeepers，farmers，honey lovers and everyone else who appreciates this marvelous social insect，this is a catastrophe.‎ Honeybee collapse has been particularly worrying because there is not one cause，but rather a thousand little cuts.The main elements include the mixed impact of pesticides (杀虫剂) applied to fields，as well as pesticides applied directly into nests to control bugs，pests and diseases; nutritional shortages caused by vast acreages of singlecrop fields that lack diverse flowering plants; and commercial beekeeping itself，which destroys groups by moving most bees around the country multiple times each year to pollinate crops.‎ The real issue，though，is not the volume of problems，but the interactions among them.Here we find a major lesson from the bees that we ignore our risk：the concept of synergy(协同作用), where one_plus_one_equals_three，or_four，or_more．A typical ‎ honeybee colony contains remains from more than 120 pesticides.Alone，each represents a benign dose (良性剂量). But together they form a poisonous soup of chemicals whose interplay (相互作用) can greatly reduce the effectiveness of bees’ immune systems，making them easier to suffer from diseases.‎ Observing the death of honeybees should warn us that our own wellbeing might be similarly threatened，and the widespread collapse of so many groups presents a clear message.We must demand that our regulatory authorities require studies on how exposure to low dosages of combined chemicals may affect human health before approving compounds.‎ Bees also provide some clues to how we may build a more collaborative relationship with the services that ecosystems can provide.Bees could offer some of the pollination services needed for agriculture.People discover that crop harvests，and thus profits，are maximized if some croplands are left uncultivated for bees.Meanwhile a variety of wild plants means a healthier，more diverse bee population，which will then move to the planted fields next door in larger and more active numbers.‎ ‎1．Which of the following is NOT the cause that leads to bees’ death?‎ A．Lack of nutrition from enough diverse flowering plants.‎ B．The pests and diseases of the bees.‎ C．The beekeepers’ destroying without intention.‎ D．The pesticides applied to crops.‎ ‎2．By saying “one plus one equals three，or four，or more” in Paragraph 3，the author means that ________．‎ A．united bees mean they are much more powerful B．united bees mean they are much more poisonous C．mixed pesticides mean they are much more poisonous D．mixed pesticides mean they are much more effective ‎3．The lesson people can learn from bees’death is that ________．‎ A．medicine is as powerful as pesticides B．our health might be threatened by pesticides C．we should protect bees by reducing the usage of pesticides D．medicine may be harmful to us when used together ‎4．What is the last paragraph mainly about?‎ A．Keeping a balance with nature is important.‎ B．More plants mean more and healthier bees.‎ C．Bees are very important to agriculture.‎ D．Bees can bring in good higher profits to farmers.‎ ‎【解题导语】 　本文主要讲述了蜜蜂大量消失的原因以及给人们带来的启示。‎ ‎1．解析：选A。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“nutritional shortages caused by vast acreages of singlecrop fields that lack diverse flowering plants”可知，营养的缺乏是因为缺少正在开花时节的植物。故选A项。‎ ‎2．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据第三段的最后一句的“But together they form a poisonous soup of chemicals”可知，混合型的杀虫剂毒性更大，即C项正确。‎ ‎3．解析：选D。推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的第二句的“how exposure to low dosages of combined chemicals may affect human health before approving compounds”可推知，药物混合使用可能会对人体有害，即D项正确。‎ ‎4．解析：选A。段落大意题。根据最后一段的第一句“Bees also provide some clues ‎ to how we may build a more collaborative relationship with the services that ecosystems can provide.”可知，蜜蜂也提供了一些线索，关于我们如何与生态系统提供的服务建立一个更多的合作关系，因此本段主要讲述了与自然保持平衡是重要的。故A项正确。‎ C Mapping Your World Different forms of maps are appearing.They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting，from the official to the unusual.Meanwhile，hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.Here are two of our favorites：‎ Green Maps Green Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons(图标)，making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it . At present there are over five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps' advertised idea is “think global，map local”．It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place ，ranging from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.‎ Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers. Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with the producers through the Green Maps website.‎ Map Mashups Many people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World Heritage Sites are, to the most bizarre (古怪的)，such as where America's drunkest cities are.With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multilayered (多层的) map can be created.‎ 本文讲述了人们最喜欢的地图，一种是Greens maps，另一种是Maps Mashups。他们的共同特点是人们可以在网上编辑地图。‎ ‎1．According to the passage，which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?‎ A．Aiming at environmental protection.‎ B．Introducing local attractions with icons.‎ C．Offering advice to independent travelers.‎ D．Collecting icons worldwide for local maps.‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句话可知，绿色地图可允许人们分享当地一些环保的地方及吸引人的东西，并且用图标来添加信息，使人们更容易地看地图，由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎2．Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?‎ 答案：B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“It's a wonderful way...to good places of bird watching”可知答案为B。‎ ‎3．“Map Mashups” is named with the word “mashups”because ________.‎ A．it is produced by users all over the world B．it gathers various kinds of information C．it shares icons with Green Maps D．it is a branch of Google Maps 答案：B。由最后一段的第三句话可知，为什么用“mashups”这个名，是因为它把所有的知识都结合起来，从最有用的到最古怪的。由此可知B项正确。‎ ‎4．What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?‎ A. They are created by local people.‎ B. They are environmentally friendly.‎ C. Users can edit maps on the Internet.‎ D. Users need to communicate with producers.‎ 答案： C。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话“Working in a similar way to Greens Maps，Map Mashups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic.”可知C项正确。‎ D ‎(2015·青岛高三联合考试)‎ I work in a nursing home and my job is to take care of the elderly.‎ This year，a very sweet old lady that I cared for，Alice，had gone through a difficult time.She got dementia_and so she had been in the hospital twice.In November，I was finally able to get her back to her “home”．‎ Alice had thought her daughter was coming to visit her on Christmas Day and that they were going to have the whole family together like the old days.When she finally realized that that happy moment was not going to happen，she was very sad.Knowing that her daughter was coming after Christmas was not enough to make her feel happy.I hated the idea of her being alone on the holiday!‎ On Christmas Eve，I gave her a surprise by asking if she would like to go to a candlelight service at church that night.‎ Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.We got there early and I got her a seat where her friends could see her as they came in.Then soon some of her friends came to the church and they rushed over to greet her and sit with her.‎ The candlelight service was beautiful and Alice got a lot of love from her old and new friends there.‎ The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s face.‎ ‎1．The underlined word “dementia”in Paragraph 2 probably is________．‎ A．a house　　　　　　　　 B．a letter C．an illness D．a plan ‎2．Where did Alice spend her Christmas Eve according to the story?‎ A．In her old house.‎ B．In her old neighborhood church.‎ C．In the nursing home.‎ D．In the hospital.‎ ‎3．What was the best gift that the author got on Christmas Eve?‎ A．The candlelight service.‎ B．Praise from Alice’s friends.‎ C．Alice’s happiness.‎ D．Thanks from Alice’s daughter.‎ ‎4．What is the best title for this passage?‎ A．A special candlelight Christmas Eve B．The dream of all old lonely ladies C．My special job D．The true love ‎【解题导语】　老人的女儿不能回来陪老人一起过圣诞节，作者便在平安夜带老人去有老人熟悉的朋友的老社区教堂，在那里，作者看到了老人脸上幸福的笑容，这也是作者得到的最好礼物。‎ ‎1．解析：选C。推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“and so she had been in the hospital twice”可推断，此处表示老人生病了，住了两次院，故选C项。‎ ‎2．解析：选B。细节理解题。根据文章第五段中的第一句“Instead of taking her to my church，I took her to her old neighborhood church where all her friends were.”可知选B项。‎ ‎3．解析：选C。细节理解题。根据文章的最后一段“The truth of the story is that I am the one who got the best gift: the smile on Alice’s ‎ face.”可知，作者得到的最好的礼物是Alice脸上的笑容，即她的快乐，故选C项。‎ ‎4．解析：选A。标题归纳题。本文讲述了作者帮助一位老人过了个特别的烛光平安夜的故事，故选A项。‎ E UGG boots have been a winterweather fashion for several years now, combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style. What many UGGenthusiasts don't know is that their boots are a breeding ground for bacteria and cause foot problems.‎ Doctors believe the boots, which are particularly popular among young teenage girls, are leading to a rise in the number of people suffering pains in their feet and knees.‎ Dr. Ian Drysdale, head of the British‎ ‎College of Osteopathic Medicine, believes because the foot does not get the proper support on the inside, it will lead to more ankle, knee, hip and back problems. “These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，” he said. “The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported. It's a slipper. You wouldn't normally expect to be doing outdoor activities from something that's indoor. If you decide to wear your pajamas outside all the time, someone will come up and say it's not a good idea.” Dr. Drysdale explained that the feet issues become a particular problem among young teenage girls, whose bones are “plastic” and developing when they are growing. “If that structure is developing in an inappropriate way，” he said，“then the ultimate structure will be deformed.”‎ Mike O'Neill, a consultant surgeon, said，“As the foot slides around, you get wear and tear (磨损) on the joints on the inside of the foot. The ankle is in the wrong position, the thigh bone also changes position, and you get an abnormal movement in the pelvis, which leads to back problems.”‎ UGG Australia, who makes the designer version of the boots, told The Daily Wirror that their boots are “comfort” rather than “performance” footwear and consumers should be aware of “knockoffs (仿制品)” which lack reinforced heels in their boots.‎ 文章大意：本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了雪地靴因它的时尚、舒适、保暖等特性而备受年轻女孩的青睐。但研究人员发现，在它时尚的外观背后，隐藏着一些不为人知的健康隐患。‎ ‎1．Teenage girls prefer to wear UGG boots because of the following EXCEPT ________.‎ A．design 　　B．comfort C．quality D．warmth 答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“... combining function, comfort, warmth and even some style.”可知，A、B、D三项都是年轻女孩喜欢雪地靴的原因。故C项正确。‎ ‎2．According to Dr. Ian Drysdale, ________.‎ A．there is a possibility that bacteria will multiply in UGG boots B．wearing UGG boots will lead to more ankle and toe problems C．it's not a good idea to wear boots like UGG outside all the time D．teenage girls' bones are plastic enough to wear UGG boots 答案：C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“‘These boots are not designed for outside wear. Just because something becomes a trend or fashionable doesn't mean it's good or right，’ he said. ‘The particular problem with this type of footwear is that it is unsupported.’”可知，C项正确。‎ ‎3．The underlined word “deformed” is closest in meaning to ________.‎ A．shaped B．strengthened C．reformed D．damaged 答案：D　词义猜测题。由语境可知，年轻女孩子的骨头正在发育，具有一定的可塑性。如果骨骼结构以一种不合适的方式发育的话，骨骼就会损伤，发生变形。shaped合适的，有计划的；strengthened使加强的；reformed革新的；damaged损伤的，毁坏的。此处与倒数第二段中“back problems”相照应。故D项正确。‎ ‎4．Which of the following can be the best title for the text?‎ A．Potential Harm of UGG Boots B．The Popularity of UGG Boots C．The Unique Design of UGG Boots D．Benefits of UGG Boots 答案：A　标题概括题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了雪地靴对年轻女孩生长发育过程中所造成的潜在危害。故A项正确。‎