2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes学案（19页）

2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit4Earthquakes学案（19页）

‎2020届一轮复习人教版必修一Unit 4 Earthquakes学案 Period1 vocabulary &Expressions学案 I．Important words:‎ ‎1、burst vi. 爆裂 ( burst , burst )‎ ‎ n. 突然爆裂，爆发 ‎ eg: Water-pipes often burst in cold weather .‎ 水管在寒冷的天气里经常冻裂。‎ ‎﹝搭配﹞‎ ‎① burst into + n. = burst out doing sth. 突然•••起来 ‎ burst into laughter = burst out laughing 放声大笑 ‎ burst into tears =burst out crying 放声大哭 ‎② burst into break into the room 破门而入 ‎﹝即学即练﹞‎ ‎ The police A the room and caught the murder.‎ ‎ A. burst into B. entered into ‎ ‎ C. looked into D. shouted at ‎③ a burst of anger 一阵发怒 ‎2、ruin ‎ ‎（1）n. 废墟，毁灭 eg: We saw the rui ns of the church .‎ ‎ 我们看见了这座教堂的废墟。‎ ‎（2）vt. 毁灭，使破产 ‎﹝搭配﹞‎ ‎① be lie in ruins 破败不堪 eg: The building is in ruins. ‎ ‎ 那座建筑物已成断壁残垣。‎ ‎② fall into ruins 成为废墟 ‎﹝辨析﹞ ruin destroy damage ‎ ruin 指对物体或生命彻底的破坏，也可以指对美好的或希望中的事物的破坏。‎ destroy 指彻底毁坏，不能修复。‎ damage 指局部损坏，但可以修复。‎ 填空：‎ ‎（1）The building was completely destroyed by fire.‎ ‎（2）His car hit a tree by the roadside and was damaged . So he had to have it repaired.‎ ‎（3）My new shoes get ruined in the mud.‎ ‎3、injure vt. 损害，伤害 ‎ eg:① Smoking will injure your health. ‎ ‎ 吸烟会损害你的健康。 ‎ ‎ ② He get injured in a traffic accident last year. ‎ ‎ 去年他在一次交通事故中受了伤。‎ ‎﹝辨析﹞ injure, hurt, wound injure 常指偶然事故对人造成的“损害”。‎ hurt v.受伤，伤害。常用于口语，主要指肉体或感情上所受到的伤害，也含有“疼痛（vi.）”的意思。‎ wound vt. 伤，伤害。& n.伤，伤口。指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤，尤指在战争中、战斗中受伤。‎ 填空：‎ ‎① He got wounded in the war.‎ ‎② He didn’t want to hurt her feelings.‎ ‎③ Yesterday my leg hurt .‎ ‎④ Tom fell down from the tree and injured/hurt his l egs.‎ ‎4、shock v. (使)震惊，震动 U n. 休克，打击，震惊 ‎ C n. 令人震惊的事 ‎﹝派生词﹞ shocked adj. 震惊的 ‎ shocking adj. 令人震惊的 ‎﹝搭配﹞① be shocked at (doing) sth. 对（做）某事感到震惊 ‎ ② be shocked to do sth. 惧怕做某事 eg: ① The child’s bad language shocked everyone （使大家都感到震惊）。‎ ‎② He was shocked at her smoking. ‎ ‎ 他对她的抽烟感到震惊。‎ ‎③ The news of his wife’s death was a great shock to him.（一个沉重的打击）‎ ‎④ All of the people present felt shocked at the shocking news. 所有在场的人们对这个令人震惊的消息感到震惊。‎ ‎5、judge n.裁判 员，法官 vt. 断定，判断，判决 eg: You can’t judge a person by his appearance.‎ ‎ 你不能以貌取人。‎ ‎﹝搭配﹞ ① judge sb. sth. (to be) + n. adj. 判决•••，判断•••‎ ‎ ② judging from 根据•••来判断 eg: ① The court judged him guilty . ‎ ‎ 法庭判据他有罪。‎ ‎② I judge it better to tell her. ‎ ‎ 我认为最好告诉他。 ‎ ‎③ Judging from his looks, he is a kind man. ‎ ‎ 根据他的相貌来判断，他是一个好人。‎ Ⅱ、Important phrases:‎ ‎1、as if = as though 好像，似乎 ‎（1）如果as if 从句表示的事情可能是真实的，通常使用陈述语气。‎ eg: ① It looks as if it is going to rain.‎ ‎ 天似乎要下雨了。‎ ‎② It sounds as if somebody is knocking at the door. ‎ ‎ 听起来好像有人在敲门。‎ ‎（2）如果as if 从句表示的内容与事实相反或是一种假想，通常使用虚拟语气。‎ a.从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。‎ b.从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用had done.‎ c.从句表示与将来事实相 反，谓语动词用would could might + 动词原形。‎ eg:①(95年全国) When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it C .‎ ‎ A. breaks B. has broken ‎ C. were broken D. had been broken ‎ ② She talked about the film as if she had really seen it.‎ ‎ 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。‎ ‎③ She learns English so hard as if she would go to the U.S.A. ‎ ‎ 她学英语 如此努力好像她要 去美国似的。‎ ‎（3）as if 后面可直接加doing to do adj.‎ eg:① She stood at the door as if waiting for someone.‎ ‎ 她站在门口好像在等某人。 ‎ ‎ ② He opened his mouth as if to say something. ‎ ‎ 他张开口，好像要说话似的。‎ ‎ ③ She left the room as if angry.‎ ‎ 她离开了房间，好像很生气。‎ ‎2、at an end 结束，终结（常作表语）‎ eg: The war was finally at an end.‎ ‎ 战争终于结束了。‎ ‎﹝拓展﹞ at the end of 在•••尽头，在•••末尾 ‎ by the end of 到•••为止 ‎ in the end 最后，终于 ‎ make ends meet 收支相抵 ‎ come to an end 结束 ‎3、a (great) number of 许多，大量的 （后跟可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数）‎ e g: A number of students were against the plan. ‎ ‎ 许多学生反对这个计划。‎ ‎﹝拓展﹞① many, a great good many, hundreds of, thousands of, millions of, (quite) a few + 可数名词复数 ‎ ② much, a great deal of, (quite) a little + 不可数名词 ‎ ③ plenty of, a lot of, lots of + 可数名词复数不可数名词 ‎﹝巩固运用﹞ The number of people invited B 50, but a number of them .‎ ‎ absent.‎ ‎ A. was; was B. was; were ‎ C. were; was D. were; were Period2：Reading A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep Ⅰ.Why does the writer use “A night the earth didn’t sleep”as the title?‎ ‎_______________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅱ. Fast reading. ‎ What does the passage mainly talk about? When and where did the earthquake happen? ‎ ‎________________________________________________________________________________‎ Ⅲ.Scan the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.‎ Paragraph Topic sentence Position in paragraph ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅳ.How many parts can this passage be divided into? ‎ Part paragraph Main idea ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅴ.Careful reading. Read the passage carefully and find more information about it.‎ Data(数据)‎ v ______of the nation felt the earthquake .‎ v A huge crack that was kilometers long and meters wide cut across houses. ‎ v In terrible seconds a large city lay in ruins.‎ v of the people died or were injured during the earthquake. ‎ v The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than .‎ v All of the city’s hospitals, _ of its factories and buildings and of its homes were gone.‎ Ⅵ.Translate the following sentences into Chinese.‎ ‎1.But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were a ‎ sleep as usual that night.‎ ‎2. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000.‎ ‎3. Then, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tan gshan.‎ ‎4. The army organ ized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.‎ Ⅶ.语言点：‎ ‎1.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away…imagine:‎ imagine + n. /pron./ G./ cl.‎ imagine sb. to be ‎ shake : cause to move to and fro right away : at once ; in no time ; immediately right now : at this very moment Make up your mind___________. ‎ I’ll return the book___________. ‎ ‎2.burst : to come open or fly apart suddenly The balloon suddenly burst.‎ burst into + n. ‎ Some robbers burst into that house.‎ burst outburst out + doing They burst out laughing.‎ burst into+ n. burst out + doing……He burst into laughter. = He burst out laughing He bu rst into tears. = He burst out crying.‎ ‎3 . But the one million people of the city, wh o thought little of these events, went to bed as usual that night. ( Non- Defining Attributive Clauses )Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to like your deepest…(Unit 1 )‎ ‎…because those who ruled England at that time spoke French. ( Unit 2 )‎ The plains where rice grows. ( Unit 3 ) ‎ ‎( Defining Attributive Clause )4. Two-thirds of the people died or were __injured__during the earthquake.(1)two-thirds= two thirds More than 61% of the surface of the surface of the earth ____covered by water. ‎ Seventy percent of the workers in this factory ______young. ‎ ‎(2)injure: to hurt oneself/ sb / sth. physically Compare: injure/ hurt/wound Their criticisms _________him deeply. have hurt ‎ Smoking will _________his health. ‎ He was slightly ________in the car accident. ‎ He got ___________in the fighting. ‎ What you said ________my feeling. ‎ ‎5. People began to wonder how long the disaster woul d last.wonder : v. A. to have a feeling of surprise.‎ ‎ B. to be filled with curiosity or doubt.‎ ‎ n. one that arouses astonishment, surprise ; admiration It is no wonder (that )= No wonder (that)‎ ‎---Tom often works deep into the night every day.‎ ‎---No wonder he always gets first in the examinations.‎ ‎6. All hope was not lost.all…not … = not all….: some but not all ‎ Not all the children are left. (= Only some of them left early.)‎ Not all the children are noisy.(= Some of the children are not noisy.)‎ ‎& none of ….. ‎ None of us were allowed to go there.‎ None of these reports is very helpful.‎ ‎1.Find out the difficult sentences in the passage .‎ ‎ 2.Do exercises on page 27—28. Ex. 1,2 & 3 ( Learning about language)‎ ‎3.Do exercises 1 & 2 on page 63. ( Using words and expres sions)‎ ‎4.Review Attributive Clause ‎5.Imagine your home begins to shake and you must leave it right away. You have time to take only one thing. What will you take? Why ?‎ 答案 A Night the Earth Didn’t Sleep Ⅰ.Why does the writer use “A night the earth didn’t sleep”as the title?‎ Night is the time to sleep, and night should be safe and quiet. But that night everything changed. The writer uses it as title to show how terrible and unusual that night was.‎ Ⅱ. Fast reading. An earthquake happened in Tangshan in 1976‎ Ⅲ.Scan the passage and find out the topic sentence of each paragraph.‎ Paragraph Topic sentence Position in paragraph Strange things were happening in the countryside of northeast Hebei. beginning ‎ Everything began to shake. It seemed as if the world was at an end. beginning ‎ Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed. beginning ‎ All hope was not lost. beginning ‎ Ⅳ.How many parts can this passage be divided into? ‎ Part paragraph Main idea Paragraph 1 Strange things happened before the earthquake.‎ Paragraph 2/3 The earthquake destroyed the city of Tangshan Paragraph 4 The army came to help the survivors.‎ Ⅴ.Careful reading Read the passage carefully and find more information about it.‎ Data(数据)‎ v .1/3‎ v 8 30 ‎ v 15 2/3 ‎ v 400,000‎ v 75%‎ v 90%‎ 语言点：‎ ‎1. right now ‎ right away ‎4. is are ‎ have hurt ‎ ‎ injure ‎ injured ‎ wounded ‎ hurt Period3 Grammar the attributive clauses 定语从句 I. Sentences translation (English into Chinese)‎ ‎1. But the one million people of the city, who thought little of these events, were asleep as usual that night. (Line 8)‎ ‎2. It was felt in Beijing, which is more than two hundred kilometers away. (Line 11)‎ ‎3. A huge crack that was eight kilometers long and thirty meters wide cut across houses, roads and canals. (Line 13)‎ ‎4. The number of people who were killed or injured reached more than 400,000. (Line 16)‎ ‎5. Then, later that afternoon, another big quake which was almost as strong as the first one shook Tangshan. (Line 24)‎ ‎6. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead. (Line 32)‎ ‎7. Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed. (Line 35)‎ ‎8. The powerful earthquake of Tangshan happened in the city of Tangshan, Hebei Province on July 28th, 1976, which caused more than 240,000 deaths and the whole city was destroyed. (Best English P35)‎ ‎9. However, they can warn people who live in these areas by prediction, in advance to take precautions against such disasters. (Best English P35)‎ II. Summary of the rules of the attributive clauses ‎1. 关系代词/副词 关系代词/副词 在从句中的成分 所指代的先行词 例 句 who /whom 主语/宾语（可省） 指人 He who laughs last laughs best.‎ This is the boy (whom /who) you saw yesterday.‎ which 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 A thing which was bitter to endure may be sweet to remember.‎ that 主语/宾语（可省） 指物/事 The panda that is chosen Dragon Warrior is big and fat.‎ ‎ 指人 They that know nothing fear nothing.‎ whose 定语（某…的） 指人 Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.‎ ‎ 指物/事 The book whose cover is blue is mine.‎ when 时间状语 时间 I’ll never forget the day when the earthquake happened.‎ where 地点状语 地点 This is the place where we first met.‎ why 原因状语 原因 The reason why he was late was that he missed the bus.‎ ‎2．只用that不用which的情况 ‎ 当先行词是 ‎1）不定代词all , everything, anything, nothing, something, much, little, few, none, the one等时 e.g. You can take any seat that is free. ‎ ‎ We should do all that is useful to the people.‎ ‎2）被the only, the very, the same, the last等修饰时；‎ e.g. It is the only thing that we can do.‎ ‎3）是或被序数词the first /second /third…所修饰时；‎ ‎ e.g. This is the first place that I want to visit.‎ ‎4）被形容词最高级所修饰时；‎ ‎ e.g. This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.‎ ‎5）同时指人和事/物时；‎ ‎ e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we were interested in.‎ ‎6）主句以there be 开头时 ‎ e.g. There is the matter that I can do.‎ ‎3．只用which不用that的情况 ‎ 1）介词后 ‎ 2）逗号后，即非限定性定语从句中 ‎ 3）句中已经有that的时候 e.g. That which is evil is soon learnt. 学坏容易。‎ ‎4．whose = the +名词+ of + which/whom 指“某人/物的”‎ ‎ when = at /in /on 等介词+which ‎ where =at /in /on /from /to等介词+which ‎ why =介词for + which III. English proverbs ‎1. He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。‎ ‎2. Those who live in glass houses should not throw stones.‎ 家居玻璃房，切忌乱扔石。（自己有弱点，勿揭他人短。）‎ ‎3. When in Rome do as the Romans do.（入乡随俗）‎ ‎4. He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。‎ ‎5. He who has a lazy hand has an empty mouth.手懒饿肚皮。‎ ‎6. He that loses his honesty has nothing失去诚实就失去了一切 ‎7. God helps those who help themselves.自助者天助。‎ ‎8. He who does not advance loses ground. (=anyone who does not advance loses ground.)‎ 逆水行舟，不进则退。‎ ‎9. He who laughs on Friday will weep on Sunday. 乐极必生悲。‎ ‎10. They who cannot do as they would must do as they can. 事不由己，也需努力。‎ IV. Translation (Chinese into English)‎ ‎ 我们这个单元学习的课文是关于地震的。地震前几天，会发生一些奇怪的现象，如变得反常的（abnormal）水井、动物、气候等。接着，一场突发其来却似乎使世界到了末日的大地震仅持续十几秒。这场大灾难使人们平静生活了多年的城市顷刻间成了一片废墟。幸好，救援人员及时赶到，挖出受困的人们，并为那些家园被毁的幸存者搭建避难所。慢慢地，这座城市又出现了生机。‎ 定语从句练习 一、选择题 ‎1. Do you know the girl _____ is talking with your mother?‎ A. who B. which C. whose D. / ‎ ‎2. This i s the kite _______ Billy Fisher gave to Tom A. who B. which C. / D. Both B and C ‎ ‎3. He was the only one ______ was saved in the earthquake. ‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. which D. A and B ‎ ‎4. This is the only present _____ I like. ‎ ‎ A. who B. that C. which D. B and C ‎5. This is the most beautiful place ______ I have ever seen. ‎ ‎ A. wh ich B. who C. where D. / ‎ ‎6. All _______ I can do is to give him some money. ‎ ‎ A. that B. which C. who D. what ‎ ‎7. Is there anything else _____ you need? ‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. who D. what ‎ ‎8. The museum _____ we visited last week isn’t far from here.‎ ‎ A. where B. which C. what D. who ‎ ‎9. Where is the scientist _____ gave us the talk yesterday?‎ ‎ A. which B. who C. what D. / ‎ ‎10. Most of the people ____ lost their lives in the earthquake are Sichuan natives. ‎ ‎ A. when B. who C. how D. which ‎ ‎11. Do you think most students prefer tests ____ have easy questions?‎ ‎ A. who B. where C. when D. that ‎ ‎12. My mum prefers music ____ quiet and gentle. ‎ ‎ A. that are B. that is C. which has D. whose is ‎ ‎13. The boy ____ you saw just now is Tom’s broth er.‎ ‎ A. which B. whose C. when D. / ‎ ‎14. The bike and its rider _____ had run over an old woman were helped up by the policeman.‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. it D. whom ‎15. She was becoming fat, ______ bothered her very much.‎ ‎ A. which B. that C. it D. of whom ‎16. The Amazon(亚马逊河), ______ lies in the Andes(安第斯山脉) is the world’s longest river.‎ ‎ A. its source B. which source C. whose source D. the source of it ‎17. The reason ______ I can’t come is _______ I have to work late.‎ ‎ A. for, why B. why, because C. because, that D. why, that ‎18. Who is that man _____ is telling the children a story?‎ ‎ A. who B. whom C. that D. whoever ‎19. She tells us that Lao Wang is a person _______ we can learn a lot.‎ ‎ A. whom B. that C. from whom D. about whom ‎20. Is this the factory _____ you wo rked five years ago?‎ ‎ A. in which B. in where C. in that D. that 二、用适当的关系代词填空 ‎1. Do you like the present _______ I bought you yesterday?‎ ‎2. The storybook _______ wa s written by his uncle is quite inter esting.‎ ‎3. The boy _______ computer doesn’t work well needs your help.‎ ‎4. This is the best movie _______ we have seen this year.‎ ‎5. The doctor _______ we met in the street is from America.‎ ‎6. The passengers and the suitcases _______ were in the waiting room had to wait for another plane.‎ ‎7. Who is the girl _______ you want to make friends with?‎ ‎8. This is the last lesson _______ Mr. Smith taught us .‎ ‎9. I, _____ am your friend, will help you out.‎ ‎10. The building ___________ wall is white is my uncle’s house.‎ ‎11. The boy _______ John spoke with is my brother.‎ ‎12. Will you please lend me the very picture _________ you bought yesterday?‎ ‎13. The students ________ the teacher praised at the class meeting is our monitor.‎ ‎14. The season _________ comes after spring is summer.‎ ‎15. This is the first museum __________ we visited last Saturday.‎ ‎16. The girl ________ leg was broken in the earthquake was taken to the hospital.‎ ‎17. I found some photos of interesting places _________ were not far away from our city.‎ ‎18. There is a boy downstairs _________ want to see you.‎ ‎19. The river ________ banks are covered with trees is very long.‎ ‎20. I’m going to meet Tom ______ they say is a good boy.‎ Key: ‎ 一、1-5 ADDBD 6-10 ABBBB 11-15 DBDBA 16-20 CDCCA 二、1. that / which / 不填 2. that / which 3. whose 4. that / 不填 5. whom / who / that / 不填 6. that 7. that / 不填 8. that / 不填 9. who 10. whose 11. who/ whom 12. that /不填 13. who /whom /that/不填 14. that /which 15. that 16. whose 17. that / which 18. who / that 19. whose 20. who/ whom/ that 单元知识运用 阅读理解 The O. Henry Museum The aim of the O. Henry Museum is to collect, preserve, and interpret artifacts, works and archival （档案的）materials relative to the author, for literary, educational, and historical purposes that are accessible to the public. The museum was set up in 1934, under the authority of the City of Austin, and is both a National Register Property and a National Literary Landmark.‎ The O. Henry Museum is open from Wednesday to Sunday, noon to 5:00 pm. Admission is free. Tours are also available for free. Please contact the museum at least one week in advance to schedule a tour for a group of 10 or more. Metered parking is available on the street in front of the museum. The museum's gift shop has for sale T-shirts, coffee mugs, DVDs, and an array of books by and about O. Henry.‎ Group tours:‎ We ask for one-week advance notice of groups more than 10 people, including schools, church groups, and organizations.‎ Donations:‎ Donations greatly benefit the museum and its programs. Inquire about contributing.‎ Volunteer:‎ Contact us about volunteering at the museum. We are currently in need of a gardener and a volunteer docent (讲解员）.‎ Staff:‎ Valerie Bennett, Curator valerie. Bennett@ci. austin. tx. us Michael Hoinski, Culture&Arts Education Specialist michael. hoinski@ci. austin. tx. us Elizabeth Taylor, Doccnt Location:‎ ‎409 East Fifth Street, Austin, Texas 78701‎ ‎21．According to the text, we can know the O. Henry Museum .‎ A. opens to the public for a whole day B. won its fame when it was set up C. leaches people how to write literary works D. focus on collecting works of O. Henry ‎22．When visiting the O. Henry Museum, visitors can .‎ A. buy books written by O. Henry B. get paid by becoming a docent C. get many donations from the museum D. park cars near the museum in any lime ‎23．What is a must if a school teacher plans to take her students to visit the museum?‎ A. Going there on a workday.‎ B. Contacting the museum in advance.‎ C. Donating some money to the museum.‎ D. Preparing well to be her students’ guide.‎ David Hepworth and Eric Whale,two Scottish material scientists,were looking for smart ways to reuse food waste when they figured out how to make nanofibers（纳米纤维）out of leftovers from carrot juice.The cellulose（纤维素）in carrots and other root vegetables,unlike other fibrous materials like wood or cotton,is easy to separate out from the rest of the biowaste.‎ The scientists call the material Curran,after the Gaelic word for carrot.And they set out to show that it could be used to replace glass or carbon fibers.They say it's nearly twice as strong and slightly lighter than carbon.They would just go to buy in their local grocery store.But they soon realized that the carrot actually worked well and that they could turn to agricultural waste to source their material.They found that the smartest,most ecologically responsible use for the nanofibers was for protective sporting goods.And in particular,motorcycle helmets,which have to be both strong and light.That's right: Motorcycle helmets of the future might be made from carrots,not carbon.‎ The question here,first of all,was to see what could be a possible market for such a new fiber,from an ecological point but also from the economic and technical angles too,"David Hepworth says.That's where the helmet comes in.They found that protective sporting goods,which need stiff,strong,light fibers and low economic overhead,were some of the best use cases for Curran.David Hepworth and his team are also looking at the possibility of using it in surfboards and insulation（隔离板）for mobile homes.‎ The challenge now is taking the material from the lab to mass production.And,making sure that it's still ecologically smart on a grander scale.It doesn't make sense to develop a material from biowaste if there's no use for it.Or if turning it into a useable product takes more energy than the non-renewable choice.‎ ‎24．Why was the carrot chosen by the Scottish scientists at first?‎ A. It worked best. B. It could be convenient to get.‎ C. It is easy to be broken into pieces. D. It did little harm to the environment.‎ ‎25．What is special about Curran compared with other fibers?‎ A. Its shape. B. Its length.‎ C. Its quality. D. Its weight.‎ ‎26．Which is a challenge for using the new material mentioned at present?‎ A. How to use it widely. B. How to make it cheaper.‎ C. How to study it out of the lab. D. Flow to get it in large amounts.‎ ‎27．Which can best serve as the title for the text?‎ A. Ways to Reuse Biological Wastes B. Coming Helmets Made of Carrots C. The Solutions to Dangerous Riding D. The Challenge in Producing Helmets The study led by Myrskyla,director of the Max Planck Institute in Germany was the first to analyze the accumulative effect of several key health behaviors on disability-free and total life expectancy.Previous studies have looked at single health behaviors.Myrskyla and colleagues instead examined several behaviors simultaneously（同时）,which allowed them to determine how long and healthy the lives of people who had avoided most of the well-known individual behavioral risk factors were.‎ The researchers noted that each of the three unhealthy behaviors—obesity,smoking,and unhealthy consumption of alcohol—was linked to a reduction in life expectancy and to an earlier occurrence of disabilities.However, smoking was found to be associated with an early death but not with an increase in the number of years with disability,while obesity led to a long period of time with disability.Excessive alcohol consumption was found to cause both decreased lifespan（寿命）and a reduced number of healthy years.However,the absence of all of these risky healthy behaviors was found to be associated with the greatest number of healthy years.‎ The most striking finding was the discovery of a large difference in average lifespan between the groups who were the most and the least at risk.Men who were not overweight,had never smoked,and drank properly were found to live an average of 11 years longer than men who were overweight,had smoked,and drank excessively.For women, the gap between these two groups was found to be even greater,at 12 years.‎ ‎“Our results show how important it is to focus on prevention.Those who avoid risky health behaviors are achieving very long and healthy lives,”said Myrskyla.It's not without reason that we are told repeatedly to switch to a healthy lifestyle,which can prevent you from various illnesses as well as keep you young and active. "Improvements in medical technology are often thought to be the gatekeeper to healthier,longer life.But we showed that a healthy lifestyle,is enough to enable individuals to enjoy a very long and healthy life,"said Myrskyla."A healthy lifestyle is enough to get the benefits.Avoiding those behaviors is not an unrealistic goal."‎ ‎28．Myrskyla's study is different from previous ones in that .‎ A. it concentrates on how individual behaviors affect our health B. it is conducted by a team of professional researchers C. it analyzes the combined effects of some unhealthy behaviors D. it assesses the risk of unhealthy behaviors on decreased lifespan ‎29．It can be learned from paragraphs 2-3 that .‎ A. obesity is closely connected with an early death B. smoking leads to along period of time with disability C. overdrinking contributes to the reduction in lifespan D. no striking differences exist between the two groups of women ‎30．What may be the best title for the text?‎ A. Health Improvement: Adoption of a Balanced Diet B. Health Care: Not a Privilege but a Right C. Absence of Smoking: Simplest Way to Keep Healthy D. Lifestyle Changes: Extra Years in Good Health Intelligent people are more likely to trust others,while those who score lower on measures of intelligence are less likely to do so.Oxford University researchers based their finding on an analysis of the 'General Social Survey'.‎ The authors say one explanation could be that more intelligent individuals are better at judging characters and may spend more time building relationships with people they can trust.Another reason could be that smarter people are better at weighing up situations and assessing whether or not the other person will hold up his or her end of a bargain.‎ ‎“Intelligence is shown to be linked with trusting others.”said the study's lead author,Noah Carl of Oxford University,“This finding supports what other researchers have argued,namely that being a good judge of character is a distinct part of human intelligence.”‎ In addition,the study shows that individuals who are more trusting are also happier with their lives and had higher levels of physical health.The Oxford researchers found,however,that the links between trust and health,and between trust and happiness,are not explained by intelligence.The findings confirmed that trust is a valuable resource for an individual,and is not simply a measure of intelligence.‎ The authors say the research is significant because the study of social trust could have far-reaching implications in public welfare,as social trust contributes to the success of important social institutions,such as welfare systems and financial markets. ‎ According to Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development,trust is in increasingly short supply in current generation.This decline threatens world leaders’ ability to handle some of today's key challenges like global warming,and the political system.There are good reasons to think that governments should try to develop more trust in society.‎ Distrust usually causes friction in personal relationships,careers and politics among others,says Stephen Covey. Although majority of people say that trust can never be restored once it's broken,Stephen feels it can be brought back. "It's not easy,it takes time,but you do it through your behavior,not just things you say."‎ ‎31．It can be concluded from the analysis of the General Social Survey that .‎ A. intelligent people tend to show more trust in others B. judgment of characters determines the level of intelligence C. intelligence accounts for the connection between trust and health D. intelligent individuals spend less time on interpersonal relationship ‎32．What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 2 probably mean?‎ A. Make the best of a situation. B. Stick to one's promise as agreed.‎ C. Figure out the true value of a bargain. D. Make an assessment of a deal.‎ ‎33．According to the research,higher level of social trust is .‎ A. a decisive basis for stable political system B. a basic step to deal with global warming C. a contributing factor to successful public institutions D. a complete solution to interpersonal conflicts ‎34．When it comes to rebuilding trust,Stephen is most likely to agree that .‎ A. actions always speak louder than words B. behavior is a mirror in which everyone shows his image C. behavior is largely determined by mind D. action is the proper fruit of knowledge 三、完形填空 Flowers for Miss Benson Miss Benson was the kindest, sweetest, most beautiful person on the earth in my mind. She was my second-grade ______. Early in the term, I started asking my mother to put an extra apple in my lunch for Miss Benson. ______I never quite worked up the courage to hand my gift to her_________. Each day it found its way unobserved to the corner of her desk. And each day the response was the same: ‎ Miss Benson would come in and sit down. “Good morning, children. Why, how nice!” She would pick up the______ of the day, and then look around the room. “What _____little boy or girl brought me this?”‎ No one_______the honor, least of all me. I kept my head down, looking at my desk.‎ ‎“Can it be that I have a secret admirer?” she would ask.‎ I would feel the_______rising in my face. I was certain that everyone was looking at me, and I would sigh with____ when Miss Benson started the lesson after putting the fruit away.‎ One fall morning, the class was boiling with___. As was said, the next day, Friday, was Miss Benson's birthday. Everyone wanted to get her a present. My heart gave a jump; at last I could give her something, ______. That afternoon was spent combing the fields for wild flowers.‎ In the morning I hung back as others _____their gifts. Finally I went to the desk and gave the flowers to Miss Benson. My reward was a smile and a pat on the head.‎ The next Monday, Miss Benson didn’t ____. Later on, I was asked to go to the principal's office. He, clearly and slowly, told me that because of the poison ____I gave her, Miss Benson was in hospital.‎ I______ all the way home because of the tragedy to my loving teacher. I begged my mother to take me to visit Miss Benson.‎ Miss Benson was sitting up in bed when we arrived. Her_____was covered with bandages. Only one eye was showing.‎ ‎“I didn't know they were poison flowers,” I burst out. “I didn't______to make you sick. I only wanted to give you something.....” I stopped talking and swallowed hard.‎ Miss Benson ______me with the eye. “You wanted to give me something______,‎ ‎ didn't you, Paul?”‎ I nodded.‎ ‎“All those ______ were from you, weren't they?”‎ Again I nodded.‎ ‎“I'll tell you a great big secret, Paul,” she continued, “When I am married, if I have a son, I would like him to grow up just _______you.”‎ I wasn't certain that I saw tears in her eye as Mother led me out of the room.‎ ‎35．A. student B. classmate C. fellow D. teacher ‎36．A. So B. And C. But D. For ‎37．A. secretly B. directly C. gently D. beautifully ‎38．A. offering B. hunting C. remaining D. catching ‎39．A. useful B. forgetful C. shameful D. thoughtful ‎40．A. claimed B. shared C. minded D. refused ‎41．A. cold B. red C. dark D. proud ‎42．A. shame B. anxiety C. relief D. anger ‎43．A. disappointment B. excitement C. embarrassment D. amusement ‎44．A. openly B. quietly C. casually D. safely ‎45．A. bought B. fetched C. brought D. presented ‎46．A. awake B. agree C. appear D. answer ‎47．A. flowers B. leaves C. plants D. fruit ‎48．A. laughed B. sang C. shouted D. sobbed ‎49．A. leg B. arm C. face D. hair ‎50．A. manage B. mean C. fail D. hesitate ‎51．A. blamed B. scolded C. punished D. studied ‎52．A. simple B. special C. awful D. useful ‎53．A. apples B. oranges C. bananas D. pears ‎54．A. beside B. for C. like D. by 四、七选五 Not everyone deals with their feelings as an open book for others to read.55．Learn to open up in order to improve your mental health.‎ ‎56．Accept this and move on.Give yourself some time to have sweaty palms or a shaky voice,since it will get better with practice.‎ Ask people open-ended questions.To begin practicing opening up,you need to engage in honest,open conversation.Try a question like,"How are things going at work?"instead of "How's it going?"to get an open answer. Then,in turn answer open-ended questions with honest answers,instead of "Fine" or "OK".57．However,in most cases people are flattered that you are listening to them and interested in their life.‎ Try emulating（效仿）someone who is very open.Observe them in a social situation.Then,try to act as if you are them occasionally.Many open behaviors are learned,and not a natural part of personality.58．‎ Avoid being a "know it all".Some people think advice is opening up,but it is unlikely to help you more open. When you want to give advice,listen and try to learn ‎ something new from the situation.‎ ‎59．Schedule at least one long conversation per week.In the conversation you tell someone about the emotional and difficult part of your life.Get into the practice of opening up about what's good and bad in your life.‎ A.In this case,practice can make perfect.‎ B.Call close friends and family members more often.‎ C.Asking people personal questions is not always proper.‎ D.Try connecting about hobbies,interests,vacations or books.‎ E.Listening patiently is a great way to overcome fear of sharing emotions in public.‎ F.Understand that there is usually some fear with opening up to other people.‎ G.However,closing yourself o圩from new people can stop your personal growth.‎ 五、短文改错 ‎60．假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下短文。短文中共有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（＼）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ I will say something about a foreign place that I want to stay for a leisure time.It is Britain,an European country. Here is my reasons.First,there're lots of tourism destinations in Britain,with millions of people come from all over the world to enjoy.I am strongly attracting.Moreover,there are many great people I admired a lot.such as Shakespeare, Dickens and so on.‎ If I can go to Britain,I will spend at least one and two days in London.Then I will pay a visit to Shakespeare hometown myself to know him better.And I will visit to people in the countryside to have a better understanding of the local culture.‎ 六、书面表达 ‎61．假定你是李华，上周你误会交换生John 弄坏了你的手表，导致你们的关系紧张。就此请你用英语给他写封信，，主要内容包括：‎ ‎1. 表示歉意；‎ ‎2. 解释原因；‎ ‎3. 提出和好措施。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。‎ Dear John,‎ I’m writing the letter to you to ‎______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎______________________________________________________________________‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua 参考答案 ‎21．D22．A23．B24．B25．C26．D27．B28．C29．C30．D31．A32．B33．C34．A35．D36．C37．B38．A39．D40．A41．B42．C43．B44．A45．D46．C47．A48．D49．C50．B51．D52．B53．A54．C55．G56．F57．C58．A59．B ‎60．1.第一句：that改为where；‎ ‎2.第二句：an改为a；‎ ‎3.第三句：is改为are；‎ ‎4.第四句：come改为coming；‎ ‎5.enjoy后加them；‎ ‎6.第五句：attracting改为attracted；‎ ‎7.第六句：admired改为admire；‎ ‎8.第七句：and改为or；‎ ‎9.第八句：Shakespeare改为Shakespeare's；‎ ‎10.第九句：去掉to；‎ ‎61．Dear John,‎ I'm writing the letter to you to express my deep apology to you. I have been feeling upset since I misunderstood you, so I want to sincerely say sorry to you.‎ As for the misunderstanding, there is one reason I should tell you. The broken watch was my birthday gift present by my father when I was 16 years old. It meant a lot to me, so after seeing it broken, my heart felt so painful that I almost lost my temper. As it happened, you just stood near my desk at that time, so I thought it must have been you who did the heart-breaking thing. And then I quarreled with you, which is a shame to me now.‎ I have two tickets of a nice film shown this weekend. I hope you can go together with me to regain our friendship.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua