2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂练习：Unit1课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUp&Reading

2020届人教版高考英语必修四课堂练习：Unit1课时跟踪练（一）WarmingUp&Reading

Unit 1 课时跟踪练(一) Warming Up & Reading— Pre-reading Ⅰ.阅读理解 A Maria (1718－1799) was a famous Italian mathematician. She was described in a book as follows：“Maria was a child prodigy (神童), but was also shy.”‎ She stayed at home, teaching the younger children and following her own studies. When her mother died after giving birth to twentyone children, Maria took over the running of the household. At the age of twenty she started a tenyear project, a book bringing together the work on calculus (微积分学) of Leibnitz and Newton titled Analytic Institutions. Sometimes she would have trouble with a problem, but her mind went on working even in her sleep; she would sleepwalk to her study and back to bed. In the morning, she would find the answer to the problem waiting on her desk. Her book made her famous; she was living proof of what she had argued at nine years old that women had a right to study science. But Maria had other interests in her life apart from mathematics. She had always worked with the poor people in her area, and she had asked her father for separate rooms and turned them into a private hospital. She worked at the hospital (and another) until she died at the age of eightyone. Maria wrote an important book on mathematics, as well as another unpublished book. She ran a household of over twenty people, and she worked for people who had not had her luck and opportunities. Each one of these things was remarkable, but she did them all.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇人物传记。主要介绍了意大利著名数学家Maria的成功经历和她为一些穷人做出的贡献。‎ ‎1．We know from the text that Maria ________.‎ A．was a maths teacher when she was young B．lived a rich life in her childhood C．was born in a large family D．was too shy to teach others 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知她妈妈有21个孩子，所以她家是个大家庭。‎ ‎2．It can be inferred from the text that ________.‎ A．there were some good schools for children when Maria was young B．women were not allowed to study science when Maria was a little girl C．women had equal rights to learn anything as boys did D．Maria had the ability to make enough money to bring up her brothers and sisters when her mother died 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据第二段第六句中的“... she was living proof of what she had argued at nine years old that women had a right to study science.”可知，当时是不允许妇女学科学的。‎ ‎3．We know from the text that Maria was also a ______ woman.‎ A．kindhearted　　　　　　　　 B．beautiful C．wellborn D．rich 解析：选A　推理判断题。根据文章后半部分的描述可知，她为别人做了很多事，说明她不仅是一位伟大的数学家，还是一个“热心的、善良的”人。‎ B One retired high school teacher in Canada has a great surprise for his former students that is 20 years in the making.‎ In 1994, Bruce Farrer's ninth grade English class at Bert Fox Community High School in Saskatchewan, got a special assignment, reported the National Post. Farrer asked his students to write a 10page letter to their future selves, which he then promised to mail to them 20 years later.‎ Farrer kept his promise to those students, as well as other students he taught during his more than 40year career. “I was trying to think of some assignments that would be special, and it just sort of came up. Well, I would try this assignment，” Farrer said on CBC Morning Edition.‎ Although Farrer retired in 2002, he took several boxes of the letters from his former students with him, and began the long and difficult process of tracking them down and mailing the letters. ‎ One former student, Scott Fulton, became a teacher himself and even taught for a while at the high school he went to as a teenager, according to CBC News. He got his letter last week. “I was just feeling honored and grateful，” Fulton said after receiving the handwritten letter.‎ Another former student, DJ Anardi, got the letter from his past self about a month ago. It read “Hey, you goodlooking guy, how is your life？” according to the National Post. Anardi's letter said that he had_a_crush_on the woman at the time who is now his wife.‎ ‎“I think our society now is a society of noncommitment，” Farrer said. “We say we're going to do something, whether it's in a marriage, or with our kids or maybe even with our organizations we join ... I think it's important to have a sense of commitment, and maybe in a minor way, the kids see I value that.”‎ 语篇解读：加拿大的一位中学教师让学生们完成一项作业，那就是给未来的自己写一封信。该教师许诺说20年后会把信寄给这些学生。老师说到做到，学生们也很感动。‎ ‎4．After receiving the letters to their future selves written by themselves 20 years ago,‎ ‎ the students were ________.‎ A．shocked　　　　　　　　 B．puzzled C．worried D．interested 解析：选A　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，同学们收到信后很吃惊。‎ ‎5．Farrer promised his students that he would ________.‎ A．grade the assignments carefully B．write back to them sooner or later C．send their letters back in the future D．keep in touch with them all the time 解析：选C　细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句“Farrer asked ... which he then promised to mail to them 20 years later.”可知，他许诺在20年后把信寄给他的学生。‎ ‎6．The underlined phrase “had a crush on” (in Paragraph 6) probably means “________”．‎ A．fell in love with B．took the place of C．caught up with D．broke away from 解析：选A　词义猜测题。根据该短语后面的“who is now his wife”可以推知，DJ Anardi当时爱慕这位女士。‎ ‎7．If you make a commitment, you should ________.‎ A．help others often B．keep your promise C．join an organization D．make your kids satisfied 解析：选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I think our society now is a society of noncommitment”和“I think it's important to have a sense of commitment”可以推知，如果做出了承诺，你就应当遵守诺言。‎ C Five years after they disappeared, lost jewels belonging to the wife of a US ambassador to the Netherlands were found.‎ Dawn Arnall had already received an insurance payout for her loss. However, the misplaced gems (宝石) had been found and held for safe keeping by a hotel she stayed in. Staff were unaware that the jewels were worth D|S‎9m.‎ The world is full of forgetful people. A man in the English town of Reading even left a sausage casserole in a bus. The dish ended up in the Lost Property Office until it was recovered by his mother, eager for her dinner.‎ A walker in the Lake District had his food in his mouth but ... what about his teeth? After climbing a hill in 2007, David Packer stopped for a chocolate bar. He took his false teeth out, wrapped them up in a tissue and just forgot about them. It took more than a year ‎ for the walker to be reunited with them.‎ Over the past 78 years passengers on London's transport network have left behind items including human skulls and gas masks from World War Ⅱ. Since 1934, staff have handled an average of 200,000 items a year. Recently they have used computers to try to track down their owners. ‎ But if you find something and can't locate the rightful owner, is it finders_keepers? It depends on what's found and how, says John Spencer, professor of law at the University of Cambridge.‎ ‎“If you pick up a coin, you can keep it unless you saw someone drop it, as you wouldn't be able to find the owner by taking reasonable steps.”‎ If it's a larger sum, you should report it to the police but if the item has been abandoned, the property is yours. One man's loss is another man's gain!‎ 语篇解读：世上有很多健忘的人，他们经常把一些东西遗忘在某些地方，如果你拾到这些东西，该如何处理呢？从本文中寻找答案吧。‎ ‎8．Dawn Arnall is mentioned in the first two paragraphs to ________.‎ A．attract readers' attention to the jewellery B．introduce the topic C．make a summary D．get people think 解析：选B　推理判断题。由第三段首句“The world is full of forgetful people.”以及下文的语境可知，此处举例的目的是引出话题——世界上健忘的人有很多，故答案为B。‎ ‎9．What does the underlined part in the sixth paragraph mean?‎ A．It depends on the law whether to keep something you find.‎ B．One man's loss is another man's loss too.‎ C．It's immoral to keep something that doesn't belong to you.‎ D．Whoever finds something can keep it.‎ 解析：选D　词义猜测题。由上文“But if you find something and can't locate the rightful owner(拾到某物却找不到失主)”可推测出，此处表示谁拾到的东西归谁所有，故选D。‎ ‎10．How should you deal with the money you pick up according to John Spencer?‎ A．Keep it to yourself. B．Find the rightful owner.‎ C．Take reasonable steps. D．Report it to the police.‎ 解析：选C　细节理解题。由第六段中的“It depends on what's found and how”可知，John Spencer认为拾到的东西如何处理要根据情况而定，即采取合理的方法来处理。故答案选C。‎ Ⅱ.阅读七选五 ‎ Five Easy Ways to Feel Your Best During the busiest days, people often withstand great stress. Stress is no good for your mind or your body. Studies have found that your chance of a heart attack increases 9.5 times after an intense event. Anxious feelings can also lead to sore skin. __1__‎ One: Make Time for Meditation (冥想)．‎ You don't need to meditate for hours to reap the benefits — just ten minutes a day can make a difference. The key is to find quiet moments you can commit to. Whether you opt (选择) for the moment in the morning or just before bed, you'll feel calmer in no time.‎ Two: __2__‎ Essential oils smell amazing, and they've also been associated with reduced stress levels and may even be able to kill the flu virus. Whether you prefer peppermint or lavender, fifteen minutes is a great way to keep your mood on the up and up.‎ Three: Listen to Music.‎ ‎__3__ What's even more interesting, though, is that the type of music may matter less than the act of listening. From classical to heavy metal, music of all sorts can help ease tension. Pick a song, kick back, and tune out.‎ ‎ Four: Take a Walk.‎ Plenty of research has shown how bad sitting all day can be for your productivity and your overall health, but it also turns out a lunchtime stroll may be even more beneficial than it's thought previously. __4__ It's just another reason to keep flats in your desk drawer.‎ Five: Take Vitamins.‎ When we are under great pressure, we tend to desire sugary and fatty foods. Stocking up on betterforyou snacks is one way to avoid diet problems. __5__‎ A．Smell the Difference.‎ B．Breathe the fresh air.‎ C．Making sure you remember to take your vitamins is another.‎ D．One study found that a short walk can boost creative thinking.‎ E．The following five steps can make the busiest days easy and fun.‎ F．Now it's time to focus your enterprising spirit using the following five steps.‎ G．Multiple studies have shown that enjoying a little music can reduce stress.‎ 语篇解读：压力对大脑和身体都没有好处。研究表明，压力能诱发心脏病，还可导致皮肤疼痛。由此可知，缓解压力尤为重要，那么，如何开启轻松愉快的一天呢？‎ ‎1．选E　由大标题和下面黑体文字可知空格处应选E。此处表示以下五种方式让繁忙的日子变得轻松愉快。‎ ‎2．选A　由空格下面的“smell”“reduced stress levels” “kill the flu virus”“keep your mood on the up and up”‎ 可知嗅不同的气味有减少压力、杀死流感病毒、改善心情的功能，故空格处选A。此处表示嗅出不同。‎ ‎3．选G　由小标题“Three：Listen to Music”及空格后的“the type of music”“music of all sorts can help ease tension”可知音乐具有减轻压力的作用。G项表示多项研究表明听音乐具有缓解压力的作用，故选G。‎ ‎4．选D　由小标题“Four：Take a Walk”及空格前的“how bad sitting ... your overall health”和“a lunchtime stroll ... thought previously”再结合选项可知选D。选项D中的“a short walk”与此标题下的内容照应，也是解题暗示。‎ ‎5．选C　空格前句子中的“one way”与选项C中的another呼应，故选C。此处表示储备一些对你有好处的零食是避免上述饮食问题的一个方法，记得服用维他命则是另外一种应对方法。‎