【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit2　Englisharoundtheworld学案（17页）

【英语】2018届人教版必修1一轮复习：Unit2　Englisharoundtheworld学案（17页）

Unit 2　English around the world 一、单词——在语境中默写，在联想中积累 写 得 准 用 得 活(用所给词的适当形式填空)‎ ‎1.official adj.　　官方的；正式的；公务的 ‎　　n. 官员；公务员 ‎2.native adj. 本国的；本地的 ‎　n. 本地人；本国人 ‎3.voyage n. 航行；航海 ‎4.lightning n. 闪电 ‎5.actually adv. 实际上；事实上 ‎6.command n．&vt. 命令；指令；掌握 ‎7.request n．&vt. 请求；要求 ‎8.straight adv. 直接；挺直 ‎　　 adj. 直的；笔直的；正直的 ‎9.vocabulary n. 词汇；词汇量；词表 ‎10.recognize vt.辨认出，承认；公认 ‎→recognition n．辨认；认出 ‎11.spelling n．拼写；拼法→spell v．拼写 ‎12.base vt.以……为根据 n．基部；基地；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basis n．基础；基本原则 ‎13.gradual adj.逐渐的；逐步的→gradually adv.逐渐地；逐步地 ‎14.latter adj.较后的；后半的；(两者中)后者的→latest adj ‎1.It's suggested that many kinds of outofclass activities should be held to enrich (rich) the school life of the students.‎ ‎2.Where unemployment and crime are high, it can be assumed that the latter (late) is due to the former.‎ ‎3.Go straight (straight) down the road until you come to the English language school.‎ ‎4.Nearly one hundred countries recognize English as their official (office) language.‎ ‎5.As is known to all, education is a gradual process, and people are gradually aware of its importance.(gradual)‎ ‎6.The puzzled expression on her face suggested that she didn't know how she could express her feelings properly.(express)‎ ‎7.He had changed so much that you couldn't recognize him. As a matter of fact, illness and age changed him beyond recognition.(recognize)‎ ‎.最新的；最近的→later adj.后期的；后者的→lately adv.近来；最近 ‎15.fluent adj.流利的；流畅的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n．流利；流畅 ‎16.frequent adj.频繁的；常见的→frequently adv.常常；频繁地 ‎17.expression n．词语；表示；表达→express vt.表达 ‎18.enrich vt.使富裕；充实；改善→rich adj.富有的；丰富的 ‎8.Mary speaks fluent Chinese while her brother speaks Japanese fluently.(fluent)‎ ‎⇩ ‎1.“旅行”家族 ‎①voyage航行；航海 ‎②tour (观光)旅行 ‎③travel 旅行 ‎④journey (长途)旅行 ‎⑤trip (短途)旅行；外出 ‎⑥outing 远足 ‎2.en前缀和en后缀改变词性 ‎①enrich v．　使富裕；充实 ‎②enlarge v. 扩大；使增大 ‎③ensure v. 保证；使安全 ‎④strengthen v. 加强；使变强 ‎⑤shorten v. 缩短；使变短 ‎⑥encourage vt. 鼓励 ‎3.以“ial”结尾的形容词集锦 ‎①official　　官方的 ‎②beneficial 有益的 ‎③facial 表面的 ‎4.“请求；要求”单词一览 ‎①request n．&vt.请求；要求 ‎②demand n．&vt.要求；需要 ‎③require vt. 需要；要求 二、短语——在应用中记牢，在归纳中记多 写 得 准 用 得 活(选用左栏短语填空)‎ ‎1.more_than　　　　　　超过；非常；不只是；不仅是 ‎2.come_up 走近；上来；提出 ‎3.be_based_on 以……为基础 ‎4.believe_it_or_not 信不信由你 ‎5.play_a_part_(in) 扮演一个角色；参与 ‎6.because_of 因为；由于 ‎7.the_number_of ……的数量 ‎8.at_present 现在；目前 ‎9.make_use_of 利用；使用 ‎10.such_as 例如……；像这种的 ‎11.leave_for 动身去……‎ ‎12.standard_English 标准英语 ‎1.It's reported that nearly 24 million children around the world are unable to attend school because_of conflict.‎ ‎2.We will be more_than happy to receive materials, such as clothes, quilts and school supplies.‎ ‎3.The houses being built at_present for the lowincome families will be completed next May.‎ ‎4.Make good use of learning resources, such_as the Internet and the library, and you will make great progress. ‎ ‎5.The question which came_up at the meeting was whether we had enough money.‎ ‎⇩积 得 多(平时多积累，考场出华章)‎ ‎1.than的相关短语聚焦 ‎①more than　　　　　超过；非常；不仅仅 ‎②no more than 仅仅；只不过 ‎③not more than 至多；不超过 ‎④other than 除了 ‎⑤rather than 不愿；而不是 ‎2.表示“因为；由于”的短语一览 ‎①because of　　因为；由于 ‎②thanks to 多亏；由于 ‎③owing to 由于 ‎④as a result of ... 因为……的结果 ‎⑤due to 由于 ‎⑥on account of 因为 三、句式——在解读中学懂，在仿写中学通 背 原 句 明 句 式 学 仿 写 ‎1.Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.‎ 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。‎ even if＝even though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句。‎ 尽管森林公园离得很远，但是每年有很多游客会去游览。(2014·北京高考单选)‎ Even_if/though_the_forest_park_is_far_away,_a lot of tourists visit it every year.‎ ‎2.It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.‎ 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。‎ more ... than ... “与其说……倒不如说……”。‎ 促使她成功的原因，与其说是她的聪明，倒不如说是她的努力工作。‎ It was_more_hard_work_than_cleverness that led to her success.‎ ‎3.Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.‎ 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。‎ no such ... “没有这样的……”。‎ 露西被北京大学录取，然而我却没这么幸运。‎ Lucy was admitted to Beijing University, while I had no_such_luck.‎ 语境认识词汇 It is requested that we should learn English well because having a good command of English means more opportunities in the future. Here are some tips. Firstly， do remember that success is based on hard work. Secondly， we should make full use of any time available to do more reading， which can broaden our view. As a matter of fact， everything comes with a price， there is no such thing as a shortcut in English study.‎ ‎1．request n．& vt.请求；要求 ‎(1)make a request for sth./that ...　请求；要求……‎ at one's request 应某人的要求 ‎(2)request sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 request that ... (should) do sth. 请求……‎ It is requested that ... (should) do sth. 据要求……‎ ‎①Our teacher made a request that we (should)_be_well_prepared_for the exam.‎ 我们的老师要求我们对考试做好充分的准备。‎ ‎②Don't respond to any emails requesting (request) personal information, no matter how official they look.‎ 不要回复向你索要个人信息的任何邮件，不管它们看起来多么正式。‎ ‎③All the articles are requested to be related to the students' life.‎ ‎→It is requested that all the articles (should)_be_related to the students' life.‎ 要求所有的文章与学生的生活有关。‎ ‎[名师指津]　动词request后的宾语从句以及名词request后的表语从句、同位语从句都要用虚拟语气，即谓语动词为(should＋)动词原形。‎ ‎2．command n．[C]命令；[U]掌握vt.命令；指挥；支配 ‎(1)at sb.'s command　　　　　听某人支配 be in command of 掌握；控制 take command of 控制 have a good command of 掌握；精通(尤指语言)‎ ‎(2)command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 command that ... (should) do sth.命令……‎ ‎①I'm at your command — what would you like me to do?‎ 我听从你的吩咐——你要我做什么？‎ ‎②The teacher commanded the students to_hand (hand) in their homework after class.‎ ‎→The teacher commanded that the students (should)_hand (hand) in their homework after class.‎ 老师要求学生下课后交作业。‎ ‎[联想发散]　后接宾语从句且从句中用(should) do结构的动词有：‎ 一坚持：insist；‎ 二命令：order, command；‎ 三建议：suggest, advise, recommend；‎ 四要求：demand, request, require, desire；‎ 再加一个敦促：urge。‎ ‎3．base vt.以……为根据n.基部；基地；基础 ‎(1)base ... on/upon ...　把……建立在……基础之上 be based on/upon 以……为基础；依据……‎ ‎(2)basis n. 基础；基本原则 ‎(3)basic adj. 基本的；基础的 ‎①Based (base) on a true love story, the film we watched yesterday is highly thought of.‎ 我们昨天看的这部电影受到了高度评价，它是以一个真实的爱情故事为基础的。‎ ‎②As far as I'm concerned, common hobbies are the basis (base) of making friends.‎ 就我个人而言，共同的兴趣是交友的基础。‎ ‎③The government provides them with not only food and shelter, but also the basic (base) skills for their living.‎ 政府不仅为他们提供食物和住处，还为他们提供基本的谋生技能。‎ ‎4．make use of 利用；使用 ‎(1)make full/good use of　　　　　充分利用 make the best use of/make the most of充分利用 take (full) advantage of (充分)利用 ‎(2)put ... to use 加以使用 come into use 开始被使用 be of great use 很有用 It is no use/useless doing sth. 做某事是没用的 ‎①You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you make_use_of it.‎ 你不能选择你被给予的，但你可以选择如何利用它。‎ ‎②Making (make) full use of time is a good habit, which requires one to plan carefully.(2013·四川高考书面表达)‎ 充分利用时间是一种好习惯，这要求一个人在计划的时候要小心仔细。‎ ‎③Full use must be_made (make) of every minute to go over our lessons, for the final examination is approaching.‎ 每一分钟都应被充分利用来复习我们的功课，因为期末考试马上要到了。‎ ‎④It's no use trying (try) to persuade him to have a holiday because he is facing a challenge. ‎ 试图说服他度假根本没用，因为他正面临挑战。‎ ‎[扮靓写作]　例句①的其他表达方式 ‎①You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how to make use of it.‎ ‎②You cannot choose what you are given, but you can choose how you take advantage of it.‎ ‎5．no such ...没有这样的……‎ Believe it or not, there is no_such thing as standard English.‎ 信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。‎ 句中“no such＋单数名词”意为“没有这样的……”，其中单数名词前不可再加冠词，相当于“not such a/an＋单数名词”。‎ ‎(1)such＋＋ ‎(2)such ... as ... “像……这样的……”，as 在句中引导定语从句 ‎①She told us such_an_interesting_story_that we were all lost in it.‎ 她为我们讲了那样一个有趣的故事以至于我们都沉浸其中了。‎ ‎②He was so responsible a teacher that we were all deeply moved.‎ ‎→He was such a_responsible_teacher_that we were all deeply moved.‎ 他是一位如此负责的老师，以至于我们都被深深地感动了。‎ ‎[名师指津]　比较下列句子，注意连接词的作用。‎ ‎③This is such a difficult problem as all of us can't work out.(as引导定语从句，as在从句中作宾语，代指先行词a difficult problem)‎ ‎④This is such a difficult problem that all of us can't work it out. (that引导结果状语从句，that在从句中不作成分)‎ 语境认识词汇 On Tuesday, I went to the airport to pick up my best friend, Lucy. However, I was more upset than worried when I heard the news that her flight was delayed because of the bad weather. Finally, her flight landed on the airport safely. The moment she came up to me, I recognized her immediately even if it was a long time since we met each other.‎ ‎6．recognize vt.辨认出；承认；公认 ‎(1)recognize sb./one's voice 认出某人/听出某人的声音 be recognized as/to be ... 被认作……/被认为是……‎ It is recognized that ... 人们公认……‎ ‎(2)recognition n. 认出；认识 beyond recognition 认不出来 ‎①Cellphones which are now universally recognized (recognize) as a must, have a great effect on us.‎ 手机，现在广泛地被认为是必需品，对我们有很大的影响。‎ ‎②It_is_recognized_that environmental pollution has become one of the most serious problems that people face.‎ 人们一致认为环境污染已经成为人们面临的最严重的问题之一。‎ ‎③The city has been built up so fast that it has changed beyond recognition (recognize)．‎ 这座城市建设得真快，已看不出它原来的面貌了。‎ ‎7．come up走近；上来；发芽；发生；被提出；(太阳、月亮等)升起 ‎[一词多义]　写出下列句中come up的含义 ‎①—Alvin, are you coming with us?‎ ‎—I'd love to, but something unexpected has come up.发生 ‎②The problem whether the middle school students should use smartphones came up at the class meeting.被提出 ‎③When the moon came up, the young people began their celebration.升起 ‎④I planted some seeds in the yard. But they failed to come up.发芽 come up with 　　　　想出；提出 come about 发生 come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现 come out 出来；(书等)出版；发行 come to 苏醒；总计；达到；谈到 when it comes to ... 当谈到……‎ ‎⑤Having discussed the problem all afternoon, they finally came_up_with a solution to it.‎ 讨论了这个问题整整一下午，他们最终想出了解决方法。‎ ‎⑥When_it_comes_to students' surfing the Internet, some people think students can benefit from it.‎ 当谈到学生上网，有些人认为学生可以从中获益。‎ ‎[名师指津]　come up的主语是物，表示(计划、建议、议题等)被提出，而come up with主语是人或团体组织，表示(某人)提出。‎ ‎8．more ... than ...与其说……倒不如说……‎ It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.‎ 当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础，而我们今天所说的英语不是。‎ ‎①He failed in the exam again. In my view, he was more lazy than stupid.‎ 他考试又失败了。依我看来，与其说他笨倒不如说他懒。‎ ‎(1)more than＋数词或从句　　　超过……‎ more than＋形容词 非常……‎ more than＋名词 不只是；不仅仅是……‎ ‎(2)no more than 只不过；仅仅 not more than 不超过；至多 rather than 而不是 other than 除了；不同于 ‎②If there is something else that we can do for you, we are more_than glad to give a helping hand.(2015·天津高考满分作文)‎ 如果我们可以为你做点别的事情，我们非常高兴伸出援助之手。‎ ‎③Parents are more_than providers for their kids and they are also their first teachers.‎ 父母不仅要给孩子提供吃穿，还是孩子的启蒙老师。‎ ‎④The form cannot be signed by anyone other_than yourself.‎ 这个表格不能由除你以外的任何人签字。‎ ‎9．even if引导让步状语从句 Native English speakers can understand each other even_if they don't speak the same kind of English.‎ 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互理解。‎ even if/though意为“即使；尽管”，引导让步状语从句，在从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。‎ ‎①The engineers are so busy that they have zero time for outdoor sports activities, even_if_they_have_the_interest.‎ 这些工程师们是如此忙，以至于他们没有时间参加户外的体育活动，即使他们有这样的兴趣。‎ ‎②He won't come to our party even if invited (invite). ‎ 即使受到邀请，他也不会来参加我们的晚会。‎ ‎[课堂练牢基础]‎ Ⅰ.单句语法填空 ‎1．The manager gave his command that measures (should)_be_taken (take) immediately to correct all the mistakes made in marketing.‎ ‎2．Schools have rights to set down their own rules based (base) on the general conditions of the students.‎ ‎3．Alexander tried to get his work recognized (recognize) in the medical circles.‎ ‎4．She was more worried than angry when her daughter didn't come home.‎ ‎5．The collected money should be made good use of to_help (help) the people who suffered great losses in the earthquake.‎ ‎6．As is known to all language learners, newlylearnt words will soon be forgotten unless frequently (frequent) used in everyday communication.‎ ‎7．Her worried expression (express) on her face suggested that she was very frightened.‎ ‎8．(2014·安徽高考书面表达)So I advise you to do something you like to relax yourself, such as listening to music, doing sports, eating snacks and so on.‎ ‎9．All members of the club are requested to_attend (attend) the annual meeting.‎ ‎10．Friends play an important part in our lives, although we may take friendship for granted.‎ Ⅱ.单句改错 ‎1．You should have made good use of the time you spent together discuss the matter.discuss前加to ‎2．I want to use the same tools which were used in your factory a few days ago.which→as ‎3．Although this is the first time that the plan has been come up at the meeting, it has caused much concern.去掉been ‎4．It was all because the job that she gave up the plan to take her holiday abroad.because后加of ‎5．Not only does she help us with our daily life, but she also play an important role in our English learning.play→plays ‎6．There is no such a good thing as a free dinner in this world. As the saying goes, “No pains, no gains.”去掉第一个a ‎7．More than one student were tired of his long and tiring speech.were→was ‎8．The number of students learning English are larger than ever before.are→is Ⅲ.根据提示词或结构补全句子 ‎1．即使我们有许多作业要做，我们也要抽时间听英文歌曲。(even if)‎ We should spare some time to listen to English songs even_if_we_have_a_lot_of_homework_to_do.‎ ‎2．他们英语考试不及格，与其说我失望倒不如说我生气。(more ... than ...)‎ I was more_angry_than_disappointed when they failed the English exam.‎ ‎3．手机和电子邮件在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。(play a part in)‎ Email as well as mobile phones plays_a_more_and_more_important_part_in our daily life.‎ ‎4．既然发现计划有错误的地方，为什么不改变主意呢？(why not)‎ Why_not_change_your_mind now that you have found that there is something wrong with your plan?‎ ‎5．尽量多用简单汉语与当地人交流，这样有助于你练习、掌握汉语。(command)‎ Try to communicate_with_the_natives in simple Chinese as much as possible, which will help you practice it and have_a_good_command_of_it.‎ Ⅳ.句式升级/句型转换 ‎1．(2015·湖南高考书面表达)听到班主任说的话，我非常高兴，心跳加速。‎ ‎①When_I_heard what the headteacher said, I was very_glad and my heart beat wildly.(一般表达)‎ ‎②Hearing_what_the_headteacher_said,_I was more_than_glad and my heart beat wildly.(分词作状语，高频词汇升级)‎ ‎2．这家餐馆建立在信任之上，现在运转正常。‎ ‎①The restaurant is_based_on_trust,_and it is working all right. (base ... on ...)‎ ‎②Based_on_trust,_the restaurant is working all right. (分词短语作状语)‎ ‎③The restaurant, which_is_based_on_trust,_is working all right. (定语从句)‎ ‎3．The designer says he came up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia.‎ ‎→The designer says the idea came_up after he watched people get wet on streets in Russia.‎ ‎4．The book is written in such easy English as beginners can understand.‎ ‎→The book is written in such_easy_English_that beginners can understand it.‎ ‎[课下练熟高考]‎ 练(一)　英语知识运用·组块专练——练准度 ‎(限时：30分钟)‎ Ⅰ.完形填空 ‎(2017·昆明高三两区七校模拟调研考试)‎ Not everyone around is easy to get on well with in your life. I've always tried to keep my __1__ from people who are rude, aggressive and mean. But sometimes we can't __2__ having contact with people who might not have our best interests at heart.‎ Last summer, I became involved with a(n) __3__ coworker who was at a bad spot in his life. I had a lot of __4__ for him and decided to help him __5__ this tough time, so I tried my best to __6__ his rudeness when he lost his temper. However, just like a swimmer drowning in a pool, he grabbed on and ended up drowning me when I __7__ and tried to rescue him. His rudeness gradually was out of __8__. One night, when I got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom. I did as I was told but I was not happy about it. He __9__ my change in mood and asked what was wrong. But when I told him his behavior toward me was __10__ and that I was very hurt by the way he had __11__ me, he was surprised. He could not understand his actions had a bad __12__ on me. He told me he didn't have anything __13__ me and that there was no need for me to __14__ it. I used examples from his life of things that had hurt him and then tried to make the __15__ that the same things also made me __16__. I said, “I always treat you with patience, understanding and kindness, but you haven't treated me with __17__ respect.” He was silent after listening to my words. What I had said might __18__ him.‎ People only change __19__ they want to change. I didn't know whether he would change his opinion or not in the future, but I would continue to __20__ him through my ‎ patience, understanding and kindness.‎ 语篇解读：本文通过作者与同事的故事告诉我们：尽管不是所有的人都容易相处，但是遇到了，我们还是应尽力用自己的耐心、理解和善良去帮助他们。‎ ‎1.A.difference　　　　　　 　 B．pressure C．absence D．distance 解析：选D　根据下文的“people who are rude, aggressive and mean”可推知，对于品性不太好的人，作者自然是与他们保持距离。difference“差异”；pressure“压力”；absence“缺席”；distance“距离”。‎ ‎2．A.risk B．escape C．avoid D．appreciate 解析：选C　根据语境“But”的转折可推知，有时候我们不可避免地会和一些不关心我们的利益的人有联系。risk“冒险做”；escape“逃离”；avoid“避免”；appreciate“欣赏，感激”。‎ ‎3．A.badtempered B．kindhearted C．easygoing D．cooperative 解析：选A　根据下文的“__6__ his rudeness when he lost his temper”可推知，这个同事脾气不好。‎ ‎4．A.advice B．sympathy C．permission D．selection 解析：选B　根据语境“and decided to help him”可推知，作者很同情同事的艰难处境，决定施以援手。advice“建议”；sympathy“同情”；permission“允许”；selection“选择”。‎ ‎5．A.get across B．look after C．make out D．pull through 解析：选D　根据语境“and decided to help him __5__ this tough time”可推知，作者决定帮助同事渡过难关。get across“被理解”；look after“照顾”；make out“‎ 理解，辨认出”；pull through“渡过难关”。‎ ‎6．A.resist B．tolerate C．criticize D．explain 解析：选B　根据语境“so I tried my best to”和“when he lost his temper”可推知，作者强忍对方的无礼行为。resist“对抗”；tolerate“容忍”；criticize“批评”；explain“解释”。‎ ‎7．A.reached out B．carried out C．gave out D．turned out 解析：选A　根据语境“tried to rescue him”可推知，作者伸手去救对方。reach out“伸手”；carry out“执行”；give out“分发，发出”；turn out“证明是”。‎ ‎8．A.practice B．action C．control D．danger 解析：选C　根据下文的“One night, when I got up to get a glass of water, he started yelling at me to get back into my bedroom.”可推知，作者同事的无礼(行为)逐渐失控了。practice“练习”；action“行动”；control“控制”；danger“危险”。be out of control“失去控制”。‎ ‎9．A.forgave B．noticed C．ignored D．understood 解析：选B　根据语境“and asked what was wrong”可推知，同事注意到作者的情绪变化 。notice“注意到”。‎ ‎10．A.appropriate B．unnecessary C．unacceptable D．traditional 解析：选C　根据语境“that I was very hurt”可推知，作者认为同事的行为让人不能接受。unacceptable“不能接受的”。‎ ‎11．A.scolded B．instructed C．treated D．respected 解析：选C　根据上文的“when I told him his behavior toward me”可推知，同事对待作者的方式伤到了作者，下文的“but you haven't treated me with __17__ respect”也是提示。scold“责骂”；instruct“指导”；treat“对待”；respect“尊敬”。‎ ‎12．A.effect B．meaning C．content D．view 解析：选A　此处表示他无礼的行为对作者产生了不好的影响。have an effect on sb.“对某人有影响”，为固定搭配。‎ ‎13．A.for B．with C．on D．against 解析：选D　根据上文的“He could not understand his actions had a bad __12__ on me”可推知，同事并不是针对作者而发脾气的。against“对……不利”。‎ ‎14．A.mind B．doubt C．refuse D．praise 解析：选A　根据上文可推知，同事发脾气并不是针对作者并且告诉作者没必要在意。mind“介意，烦恼”。‎ ‎15．A.summary B．analysis C．comparison D．expectation 解析：选C　根据语境“the same things”可推知，作者在此作了对比。summary“总结”；analysis“分析”；comparison“对比”；expectation“期望”。‎ ‎16．A.selfish B．unfriendly C．puzzled D．upset 解析：选D　根据上文的“that I was very hurt”可知，作者对同事的行为感到难过。upset“难过，失望”。‎ ‎17．A.deserved B．proven C．promised D．intended 解析：选A　作者对同事那样好，但却没有得到应得的尊重。deserved“应得的”，符合语境。‎ ‎18．A.annoy B．touch C．inspire D．satisfy 解析：选B　根据上文的“He was silent after listening to my words”可推知，作者的话或许触动了同事。annoy“使恼怒”；touch“触动，感动”；inspire“激励”；satisfy“使满意”。‎ ‎19．A.before B．though C．so D．if 解析：选D　根据语境可知，上下句表示逻辑上的条件关系，故选D。‎ ‎20．A.convince B．regret C．comfort D．trust 解析：选C　根据上文可知，作者的同事身处困境，作者施以援手帮助他并安慰他。convince“说服，使相信”；regret“后悔”；comfort“安慰”；trust“信任”。‎ Ⅱ.语法填空 ‎(2017·四川绵阳高中第二次诊断性考试)‎ Many teachers believe that handson experience is the __1__ (good) way to learn. A group of students in the United States are putting that belief to the test. They __2__ (success) designed and built a robot for discovering unexplored mines __3__ the bottom of the sea. Students made the robot __4__ (answer) a challenge from the U. S. Department of Defense.‎ The students recently tested the underwater vehicle __5__ (call) Perseus Ⅱ in a 95meterlong tank of water at the Stevens Institute of Technology.‎ The robot costs about $15,000 to build. The students use a video game control to direct __6__ (it) movements in the tank. What's more, devices known as Japters __7__ (able) the robot to go up, down and toward its target in the water. Video cameras on the robot send ‎ images back to a computer through a 13meterlong cable. Perseus Ⅱ also has __8__ set of lasers (激光), which are used to measure the size of an object.‎ The robot is the creation of five undergraduate students. For over six months, they worked up __9__ 20 hours a week to design and build Perseus Ⅱ.‎ DeLorme supervised the project from __10__ (begin) to end. He says the specialized requirements of robots were demanding.‎ 语篇解读：本文通过事实证明：亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法。‎ ‎1．best　此处表示“亲身的实践经验是学习的最好方法”，故用best。‎ ‎2．successfully　副词修饰动词designed和built作状语，故用successfully。‎ ‎3．at　at the bottom of表示“在……的底部”，故用at。‎ ‎4．to answer　在这里to answer是动词不定式作目的状语，表示“制造这个机器人是为了回应美国国防部的一项挑战”。‎ ‎5．called　此处应用过去分词作后置定语，表示“被叫作”，故用called。‎ ‎6．its　由后面的movements可知，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。‎ ‎7．enable　分析句子结构可知，主语是devices，谓语是设空处，故应用动词enable，表示“使发生”。且此处是一般性的描述，故应用一般现在时。‎ ‎8．a　a set of表示“一系列”，故用a。‎ ‎9．to　up to表示“达到”，故用to。‎ ‎10．beginning　from beginning to end表示“从头到尾”。‎ 练(二)　第Ⅱ卷强化增分·组块专练——练规范 ‎(限时：45分钟)‎ Ⅰ.语法填空 ‎(2017·厦门高中毕业班第一次质量检查)‎ China's most famous wall may have been built to keep people away, but a new kind of wall is bringing people a lot __1__ (close) together.‎ On January 29, hooks and hangers appeared on the side of a Qingdao building under the words: “If you need it, take it.” This “wall of __2__ (kind)”， the creation of local charity Chuangyi Workshop, __3__ (invite) passersby to leave their spare warm clothes and encourages those __4__ are in need to take them.‎ ‎“It is just like what you do at home. You hang your clothes when you get home. You take them down __5__ put them on when you go out，” said Wang Lei, director of Chuangyi Workshop. __6__ (inspire) by a similar plan in Iran, she put it into practice in China as the country experienced __7__ (it) coldest winter in decades.‎ Wang and her colleagues receive lots of clothes from people, especially in winter. She __8__ (touch) by people's generosity. “Some of the clothing is almost new. I don't even have to wash my hands __9__ sorting it.”‎ Many such walls have also appeared in several other Chinese __10__ (city). This simple way of helping people is now making a big difference to society.‎ 语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。青岛出现了一种“善意之墙”，向有需要的人伸出援助之手，这种墙拉近了人与人之间的距离，它们对社会的发展起着重要的作用。‎ ‎1．closer　根据语境可知，此处将这种新型的墙与过去的长城相比较，表明它使人们之间的距离更近了，应用close的比较级形式。故填closer。‎ ‎2．kindness　此处为of所有格，应用名词，意为“善意之墙”。故填kindness。‎ ‎3．invites　根据本句中的“and encourages”可知，此处与之时态一致，应用一般现在时；主语“This 'wall of __2__ (kind)'”是单数，所以此处应用invite的第三人称单数形式。故填invites。‎ ‎4．who　分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是“those”，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以此处应用who引导。故填who。‎ ‎5．and　根据语境可知，你要出去的时候，就把挂在那里的衣服取下来，然后穿上。此处表示顺承关系。故填and。‎ ‎6．Inspired　句子的主语“she”和inspire之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以此处应用inspire的过去分词形式作状语。故填Inspired。注意首字母大写。‎ ‎7．its　此处应用it的形容词性物主代词作后面的名词“winter”的定语。故填its。‎ ‎8．is touched　根据上下文语境可判断出，此处应用一般现在时；主语“She”‎ 和touch之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is touched。‎ ‎9．after　根据语境可知，Wang Lei说有些衣服很新，在她将它们分类以后甚至都不用洗手；由此可知，此处应用介词after，意为“在……以后”。故填after。‎ ‎10．cities　根据句中的“several other”可判断出，此处应用city的复数形式。故填cities。‎ Ⅱ.短文改错 ‎(2017·贵州省三校下学期联考试题)It was on Sunday so I didn't have to go to school as usually. My parents went to the countryside to see my grandparents, left me alone. After finishing my homework, I began to play football at home. All of a sudden, I kicked the ball so hardly that it flew right onto a vase and broke it. It was great favorite of my mother's. I decided to tell my parents it was the fault of the cat for fear that she should punish me. Therefore, when they got home, I hesitated for a moment and told them that truly happened. Instead of punishing me, they just hoped that I will never make so a foolish mistake again.‎ 答案：第一句：去掉on; usually→usual 第二句：left→leaving 第四句：hardly→hard 第五句：great前加a 第六句：she→they 第七句：Therefore→However; that→what 第八句：will→would; so→such Ⅲ.书面表达 ‎(2017·江西重点中学协作体高三第一次联考)假如你是李华。你的美国网友Kate想阅读中文小说。请用英语给她写一封信，为她推荐一部小说。‎ 内容提示：‎ ‎1．我推荐的小说是________；‎ ‎2．理由；‎ ‎3．祝福。‎ 要求：‎ ‎1．词数100左右；‎ ‎2．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；‎ ‎3．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ Dear Kate，‎ I'm very glad to know you are very interested in Chinese novels. 　‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎　Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua 参考范文：‎ Dear Kate，‎ I'm very glad to know you are very interested in Chinese novels. As you mentioned that you are particularly keen on traditional magical novels with superb fantasy, I do recommend Journey to the West to you.‎ The novel, written by Wu Cheng'en, is an outstanding romantic work full of fantastic tales. It is generally recognized as a masterpiece about god and spirits. The novel tells the ‎ Tang Dynasty monk, San Zang, overcoming 81 adversities and defeating various monsters and demons before eventually reaching India, assisted by his three disciples: Sun Wukong, Zhu Bajie and Sha Seng. The novelist illuminates the intelligence, bravery and loyalty of Sun Wukong, the piety of San Zang, the straightforwardness and good nature of Zhu Bajie, and the kindness of Sha Seng.‎ I believe that you must be fascinated by those fantastic and thrilling tales.‎ Wish you enjoy the novel.‎ Yours sincerely，‎ Li Hua