2020届人教版高考英语选修8知识串讲：unit2

2020届人教版高考英语选修8知识串讲：unit2

‎-人教版选修八-unit 2‎ ‎【基础词汇】‎ ‎1.twin n. 双胞胎之一;孪生儿之一　adj. 成对的;成双的 ‎2.commercial adj. 商业的;贸易的 ‎3.procedure n. 程序;步骤;手续 ‎4.arbitrary adj. 任意的 ‎5.conservative adj. 保守的;守旧的 ‎6.constitution n. 宪法;章程 ‎7.compulsory adj. 必须做的;义务的;强迫的;强制的 ‎8.opera n. 歌剧;歌剧团;歌剧院 ‎9.chorus n. 合唱;合唱队 ‎10.turkey n. 火鸡 ‎11.claw n. 爪;脚爪 ‎12.hatch vt.& vi. 孵出;孵卵;孵化 ‎【高频单词】‎ ‎1.straightforward adj.简单的;直接的;坦率的 ‎2.undertake vt.(undertook,undertaken) 着手;从事;承担 ‎3.breakthrough n.突破 ‎4.cast vt.(cast,cast)扔;投;掷 ‎5.altogether adv. 总共;完全地 ‎6.obtain vt.获得;赢得 ‎7.attain vt.获得;到达(水平、年龄、状况等)‎ ‎8.moral adj.道德(上)的;伦理的 ‎9.accumulate vt.& vi.积累;聚积 ‎10.loaf n.一条(面包)‎ ‎11.flour n.面粉 ‎12.owe vt.欠(账、钱、人情等);归功于……‎ ‎13.shortly adv.立刻;不久 ‎14.bother vt.打扰　vi.操心　n.烦扰 ‎15.strike vt. & vi.(struck,struck)打;撞击;罢工　n.罢工 ‎16.initial adj.最初的;开始的 ‎17.vain adj.虚荣的;自负的;徒劳的 ‎18.drawback n.缺点;不利条件 ‎19.merely adv.仅;只;不过 ‎20.decoration n.装饰 ‎21.feather n.羽毛 ‎22.adore vt.崇拜;爱慕;喜爱 ‎【核心单词】‎ ‎1.differ vi.不同;相异→difference n.不同;差异→different adj.不同的 ‎2.exact adj.精确的;准确的→exactly adv.精确地;准确地 ‎ ‎3.carry v.携带;搬运→carrier n.携带者;搬运工;运输工具 ‎4.correct v.改正;修正　adj.正确的→correctly adv.正确地→correction n.改正;纠正;修正 ‎5.object vi.反对;不赞成→objection n.不赞成;反对;异议 ‎6.media n.(pl.)媒介;手段;工具→medium(单数)‎ ‎7.obtain vt.获得;赢得→obtainable adj.可获得的;可得到的 ‎8.forbid　vt.禁止;不准→forbade　(过去式)→forbidden　(过去分词) ‎ ‎9.retire　vi.退休;离开→retirement　n.退休;退役→retired　adj.退休的 ‎ ‎10.assume v.假定;设想→assumption n.假定;设想 ‎11.regular adj.规则的;有规律的→regularly adv.有规律地;固定地→regulation n.规则;规章;法规 ‎12.resist vt.抵抗;对抗→resistance n.抵抗力 ‎13.able adj.能够;会→unable adj.不能的;不会的 ‎14.reason n.道理;理由→reasonable adj.合情理的;讲道理的;公道的 ‎【单词拓展】‎ ‎1.后缀-ance高频名词 resistance 抵制;抵抗 appearance 外观;外貌;出现 entrance 入口 importance 重要;重要性 guidance 指导;领导 insurance 保险 ignorance 无知;愚昧 significance 意义;重要性 elegance 优美;高雅 tolerance 宽容;容忍 assistance 协助;援助 ‎2.resist形近词集锦 insist v.坚持 consist vi.由……组成 assist v.协助 ‎3.accumulate相关动词小结 accumulate vt.&vi.积累 enlarge vt.&vi.扩大;放大 expand vt.&vi.扩大;膨胀 increase vt.&vi.增长 reduce vt.&vi.减少 shrink vt.&vi.收缩;缩小 ‎4.巧记合成词 fall down→downfall 垮台 get together→get-together 聚会 break through→breakthrough 突破 break out→outbreak 爆发 ‎5.owe相关用法面面观 owe...to...把……归功于……‎ owing to因为;由于 owe sb.an apology 该向某人道歉 owe sb.a favour 欠某人一个人情 owe sb.sth.=owe sth.to sb.欠某人某物 ‎6.复习condition常见搭配 living conditions生活环境 in good/poor condition状况很好/坏 out of condition健康状况欠佳 on condition that...在……条件下;倘若……‎ on no condition一点也不;决不(放在句首时,用部分倒装语序)‎ ‎7.forbid的用法(+doing/+宾语+to do sth.)联想 forbid 禁止　 allow 允许 advise 建议　 admit 承认 permit 许可　 encourage 鼓励 ‎【短语】‎ ‎1.side road 旁路;支线;岔道(<美>sidewalk)‎ ‎2.cast down 使失望;使沮丧 ‎3.(be)bound to(do)...一定或注定(做)……‎ ‎4.strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 ‎5.bring back to life 使复生;使复活 ‎6.object to doing sth. 反对做某事 ‎1.得到好结果;取得成功;偿清 pay off ‎2.赞成;支持 in favour of ‎3.不时;偶尔 from time to time ‎4.白费力气;枉费心机 in vain ‎5.状况/情况很好(坏)in good/poor condition ‎6.对……有影响 have an impact on ‎7.不同于;和……意见不一致 differ from ‎8.不准某人做某事 forbid sb.to do/from doing sth.‎ ‎【短语拓展】‎ ‎1.“in+名词+of”短语全接触 in search of 寻找 in honour of 为了……;向……表示尊敬 in favour of 赞成;支持 in memory of 为了纪念……‎ in view of 鉴于;由于 in terms of 谈及;就……而言;在……方面 ‎2.heart常见搭配 lose heart 灰心 heart and soul 全心全意地 strike...into one’s heart 使……刻骨铭心 put one’s heart into...用心对待 ‎【句式】‎ Dolly’s death,like her birth,was bound to raise worries.‎ 多莉之死,正如它的出世一样,注定要带来焦虑。‎ 考点提炼be bound to do sth.意为“注定要……”。‎ ‎【仿写句子】‎ Dolly’s death,like her birth,was bound to raise worries.‎ 多莉之死,正如它的出世一样,注定要带来焦虑。‎ 考点提炼be bound to do sth.意为“注定要……”。‎ ‎【语篇填空】‎ ‎　　Cloning is a way of 1.making(make)an exact copy of another animal or plant.2.It ‎ has two major uses.One is 3.that gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants.The 4.other is that it is valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals.5.However,the process of cloning is difficult to undertake.‎ ‎　　Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The first successful clone,Dolly the sheep,made the whole 6.scientific(science)world follow its process,though it had more 7.problems(problem)than the normal sheep.On the other hand,Dolly’s appearance 8.raised(raise)a storm of objections and had a great impact 9.on the media and public imagination.Different people have different opinions of it.However,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and 10.where it is leading us.‎