福建省2020届高三“百校联考”教学摸底质量检查英语试题

福建省2020届高三“百校联考”教学摸底质量检查英语试题

福建省“百校联考”毕业班教学摸底质量检查 ‎2020届高三年级英语科试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上．‎ ‎2．考生作答时，将答案答在答题卡上．请按照题号在各题的答题区域（黑色线框）内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效．在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效．‎ ‎3．选择题答案使用2B铅笔填涂，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号；非选择题答案使用毫米的黑色中性（签字）笔或碳素笔书写，字体工整、笔迹清楚．‎ ‎4．保持答题卡卡面清洁，不折叠、不破损．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．‎ 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）‎ 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What does the w oman think of the movie?‎ A. It’s amusing. B. It’s exciting. C. It’s disappointing.‎ ‎2. How w ill Susan spend most of her time in France?‎ A. Traveling around. B. Studying at a school. C. Looking after her aunt.‎ ‎3. What are the speakers talking about?‎ A. Going out. B. Ordering drinks. C. Preparing for a party.‎ ‎4. Where are the speakers?‎ A. In a classroom. B. In a library. C. In a bookstore.‎ ‎5. What is the man going to do?‎ A. Go on the Internet. B. Make a phone call. C. Take a train trip.‎ 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。‎ ‎6. What is the w oman looking for?‎ A. An information office. B. A police station. C. A shoe repair shop.‎ ‎7. What is the Tow n Guide according to the man?‎ A. A brochure. B. A new spaper. C. A map.‎ 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。‎ ‎8. What does the man say about the restaurant?‎ A. It’s the biggest one around. B. It offers many tasty dishes. C. It’s famous for its seafood.‎ ‎9. What w ill the w oman probably order?‎ A. Fried fish. B. Roast chicken. C. Beef steak.‎ 听第8段材料, 回答第10至12题。‎ ‎10. Where w ill Mr. White be at 11 o’clock?‎ A. At the office. B. At the airport. C. At the restaurant.‎ ‎11. What w ill Mr. White probably do at one in the afternoon?‎ A. Receive a guest. B. Have a meeting. C. Read a report.‎ ‎12. When w ill Miss Wilson see Mr. White?‎ A. At lunch time. B. Late in the afternoon. C. The next morning.‎ 听第9段材料, 回答第13至16题。‎ ‎13. Why is Bill going to Germany?‎ A. To w ork on a project. B. To study German. C. To start a new company.‎ ‎14. What did the w oman dislike about Germany?‎ A. The w eather. B. The food. C. The schools.‎ ‎15. What does Bill hope to do about his family?‎ A. Bring them to Germany. B. Leave them in England. C. Visit them in a few months.‎ ‎16. What is the probable relationship betw een the speakers?‎ A. Fellow -travelers. B. Colleagues. C. Classmates.‎ 听第10段材料, 回答第17至20题。‎ ‎17. When did it rain last time in Juarez?‎ A. Three days ago. B. A month ago. C. A year ago.‎ ‎18. What season is it in Juarez?‎ A. Spring. B. Summer. C. Autumn.‎ ‎19. What are the elderly advised to do?‎ A. Take a w alk in the afternoon. B. Keep their homes cool. C. Drink plenty of w ater.‎ ‎20. What is the speaker doing?‎ A. Hosting a radio program. B. Conducting a forum. C. Forec asting the w eather.‎ 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）‎ 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。‎ A Do you want to go out to eat with your kids？Here are some restaurants that are good for kids in downtown Los Angeles.‎ Grand Café Tel:（213）356-4155‎ Do you need a place that opens as early as your kids wake up？Then go to Grand Cafe. Families can order breakfast off the menu or enjoy the buffet. Because of the variety，buffets seem to be an easy option for families with picky eaters. There are many options for the different moods of all family members.‎ Nickel Diner Tel:（213）623-8301‎ Nickel Diner was listed in Los Angeles Magazine as one of" LA's Best New Restaurants”. The space is small，but the menu is wonderfully large. The atmosphere is quiet and relaxed，which makes it easy to bring the kids. One of the most attractive things about Nickel Diner is its unique menu of breakfast foods.‎ Lucky Strike Bowl Tel:(213)542-4880‎ There's nothing like a good game of bowling to add some happiness to the family outing. Why not take the family to a place where you can bowl while eating? Try their homemade Belgium fries, the mini burgers, flatbread pizza, or crispy tacos. Downtown ‎ La's Lucky Strike Bowl will never make you and your kids disappointed.‎ Kula Tel:(213)290-9631‎ Kula is an exciting sushi bar and is a big hit for little sushi eaters. Kula's concept includes providing "a high standard of natural organic foods" and they use 100% organic rice. If your child is not a sushi eater, there are also many other options.‎ ‎1. Who would most probably go to eat at Grand Cafe?‎ A. People who love organic foods B. People who want to play while eating.‎ C. People who want to serve themselves in a restaurant.‎ D. People who love a quiet eating environment.‎ ‎2. If you want to play while eating, which number would you call to reserve a place?‎ A. (213)356-4155 B. (213)290-9631‎ C. (213)623-8301 D. (213)542-4880‎ ‎3. What is the text meant to?‎ A. To recommend some kid-friendly restaurants.‎ B. To recommend some nice foods in the city.‎ C. To encourage people to go to Los Angeles.‎ D. To compare some kid-friendly restaurants.‎ ‎【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要推荐了四个适合儿童的餐厅。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Grand Café中Because of the variety，buffets seem to be an easy option for families with picky eaters. There are many options for the different moods of all family members.“由于多样性，自助餐似乎对有挑食的家庭是一个简单的选择。对于所有家庭成员的不同情绪，有许多选择。”可知，想要在餐馆里吃自助餐的人最有可能去Grand Cafe馆吃饭。故选C。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据Lucky Strike Bowl中There's nothing like a good game of bowling to add some happiness to the family outing. Why not take the family to a place where you can bowl while eating?“没有什么比打保龄球更能给家庭出游增添乐趣了。为什么不带家人去一个可以边吃饭边打保龄球的地方呢?”可知，如果你想边吃边玩，你可以打(213)542-4880来预订座位。故选D。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段Do you want to go out to eat with your kids？Here are some restaurants that are good for kids in downtown Los Angeles.“你想和孩子们出去吃饭吗?在洛杉矶市中心有一些有益于孩子的餐馆。”由此可知，这篇文章推荐一些适合儿童的餐厅。故选A。‎ B Every year around the world, humans waste an estimated 1.3 billion tons of food.This happens even though many people go hungry. So some people have made it their life's work claiming food before it goes to waste and then giving it to people who are hungry.‎ One of those people is Brett Myers. In 2011, Myers started Nourish Now, a food recovery and food bank in the U.S. state of Maryland. This non-profit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations that support them.‎ ‎“Nourish Now is a food recovery-based food bank that recovers food from restaurants, catering companies, grocery stores, hotels, farms and more. And then donates that food directly to families in need, kids in need at local schools.”‎ Each month, it recovers more than 20,000 kilograms of food and serves 700 needy families, schools and social organizations. Every day, staff and volunteers repackage the donations and distribute them to recipients.‎ A woman named Rhoda is one of the recipients. She describes the quality of the food delivered to her family by Nourish Now. “It consists of fresh food, fruits and vegetables. You will get bread. Sometimes you get dairy products such as yogurt or milk. And you will get some meat items also. And if you get lucky you might get cooked food, or prepared salads, and stuff like that.”‎ The supplies can feed a family for five days. Each recipient is able to receive food every 30 days. And the packages are made to fit the dietary needs of each family.‎ Besides families, the organization also donates small meals called snacks to several nearby schools and social organizations.‎ Nourish Now has grown considerably since it opened. Brenda is one of them. Part of her job as a volunteer is to make sure that none of the food goes to waste.‎ ‎“In the morning, I make sure that all the things that came late yesterday, get put away so that we use that last, and we used the things that came the day before first, so that we’re always giving fresh food and we're not throwing out anything.”‎ ‎4. What do we know about Nourish Now?‎ A. It donates money to the poor.‎ B. It benefits from collecting food.‎ C. It gets food from many places.‎ D. It distributes food only to the poor.‎ ‎5. What does the underlined word “them” in Paragraph 2 refer to?‎ A. Nourish Now. B. The poor. C. Food banks. D. Organizations.‎ ‎6. What does the author want to clarify with the example Rhoda in Paragraph 5?‎ A. The recovered food is fresh and rich.‎ B. She isn’t satisfied with the food supplied.‎ C. Eating better can keep people healthier.‎ D. She can get food donations every five days.‎ ‎7. What is the best title for the text?‎ A. People Should Take Care of the Weak B. The Poor Are Suffering from Starvation C. Nourish Now Calls on People to Save Food D. Group Uses Leftover Food to Feed the Hungry ‎【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了2011年，Myers在美国马里兰州成立了一家名为Nourish Now 的食品回收和食品银行。这个非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和支持他们的组织。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 细节理解题。答案定位在第二段This non-profit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations that support them.（这个非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和支持他们的组织。）由此可知，Nourish Now从许多地方获得食物，故选C。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 推理判断题。划线词所在的句子意思是这个非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和支持穷人的组织。“them”指代上文中提到的“穷人”，故选B。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。答案定位在第五段 “It consists of fresh food, fruits and vegetables. You will get bread. Sometimes you get dairy products such as yogurt or milk. And you will get some meat items also. And if you get lucky you might get cooked food, or prepared salads, and stuff like that.”（ 它由新鲜的食物、水果和蔬菜组成。你会得到面包。有时你会吃到乳制品，比如酸奶或牛奶。你还会得到一些肉类食品。如果幸运的话，你可能会吃到煮熟的食物，或者准备好的沙拉之类的东西。）由此推断出，作者想通过第5段中Rhoda的例子说明回收的食物新鲜而丰富，故选A。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。第二段In 2011, Myers started Nourish Now, a food recovery and food bank in the U.S. state of Maryland. This non-profit organization collects food and then gives it to the poor and organizations that support them.是全文的主题句，结合全文内容，可知这篇文章主要讲了2011年，Myers在美国马里兰州成立了一家名为Nourish Now的食品回收和食品银行。这个非营利组织收集食物，然后把食物送给穷人和支持他们的组织。由此可知，这篇文章最好的题目是“这个组织用剩余的食物来养活饥饿的人”，故选D。‎ C One of the most important things in the world is friendship． In order to have friends， you have to be a friend． But how can you be a good friend at school？‎ Listen ﹣ Listen when they are talking． Don't say anything unless they ask you a question． Sometimes it's not necessary for you to have anything to say； they just need someone to talk to about their feelings．‎ Help them ﹣ If your friend is ever in need of something， be there to help them． You should try to put them first， but make sure you don't do everything they want you to do． Try to take an extra pencil or pen with you to classes in case they forget one． Have a little extra money in your pocket in case they forget something they need．‎ Be there for them ﹣ Be there for your friends to help make them feel better in hard times． Marilyn Monroe， a famous U．S． actor， once said， "I often make mistakes． Sometimes I am out of control， but if you can't stay with me at my worst， you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．" Always remember this! If you don't want to stay with your friends when they're in hard times， then you don't deserve to be with them when they're having a good time!‎ Make plans ﹣ Try to make plans with your friends． Go shopping， go for ice cream， have a party， go to a movie and so on． Take time to know each other even better by doing something you both enjoy． By planning things together， you both can have a good time． And you'll remember these things when you're all old!‎ ‎8. While your friend is talking to you about his or her feelings， you should　 　．‎ A. give him or her some advice B. calm him or her down C. just listen unless asked D. share your feelings as well ‎9. When we provide help for our friends， we should　 　．‎ A. put them before ourselves B. try to do everything for them C. change their bad habits first D. ignore their faults ‎10. What can we learn from Marilyn Monroe's words？‎ A. Life without a friend is death．‎ B A friend is easier lost than found．‎ C. A man is known by his friends．‎ D. A friend in need is a friend indeed．‎ ‎11. What is probably the best title for the test？‎ A. How to find a good friend．‎ B. How to be a good friend．‎ C. How to help friends in trouble．‎ D. How to make more friends．‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文介绍了友谊是生命中最重要的东西之一，怎样让自己成为一个好朋友，要做到以下几点：学会倾听朋友的心声；在朋友需要的时候帮助朋友；平时生活中为朋友着想，尤其在他们困难时；和朋友们一起做一些计划。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章第二 段when they are talking．Don't say anything unless they ask you a question．可得知应该要学会倾听，当朋友需要你说话时才开口。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。在第三段中You should try to put them first看出，当朋友需要帮助时，你应该把朋友的事情放在第一的位置。故答案为A。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二 段I often make mistakes．Sometimes I am out of control．But if you can't stay with me at my worst，you are sure not to deserve to be with me at my best．可知如果你不能再朋友最困难的时候帮助他，那你也不配做他的朋友，患难见真情。故选D。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 主旨大意题。文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】抓住文章主线和关键词语，归纳文章中心 要注意不是所有的段落都有主题句，有时主题句暗含在句中。阅读这样的文章，就需要自己根据文章的细节来分析，概括出段落的主题，从而推导出文章的主旨。分析的方法是：先弄清该段落主要讲了哪几方面的内容，这些内容在逻辑上有什么联系，然后加以归纳形成主题。本题第4小题，文章开篇明义，In order to have friends，you have to be a friend．概述了我们要努力成为一个合格的朋友，下文的内容都是在讲如何成为一个称职的朋友：学会倾听，帮助朋友。故选B。‎ D A day in the life of a sun bear is what you might expect from the name: sunny. In its natural habitat, the sun bear spends over 80 percent of its active waking time in daylight.‎ But when disturbed by human activity, that changes dramatically. In areas where people are pushing into the sun bear’s habitat, the animals are spending 90 percent of their waking time after dark. Effectively, the threat of human presence is making the sun bear change into “the moon bear”.‎ Led by scientists at the University of California, Berkeley, the study found that human activity is driving scores of mammals to shift their activity from the daytime into the dark hours of the night. As many animals have already been forced out of their local habitats, others are attempting to avoid interaction with humans by separating themselves in time rather than in space.‎ For the work, the researchers examined the behaviors of 64 mammal species, including deer, tigers, boars, and, of course, sun bears. They observed increased nocturnal (夜间的) behavior in a large majority of them, with species that are naturally active during the day tending to shift their activity to after dark, and those that are naturally nocturnal becoming more so. The mammals affected ranged across body size, habitat type, region of the world, and diet.‎ Human activity of all sorts affect animals，lives, including activities like hunting, agriculture and land development, harvesting local natural resources, even hiking or walking through wild areas. Sport hunting in the Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe drove antelopes to spend more of their active waking hours at night, restricting their access to water. Similarly, hikers in the Santa Cruz Mountains in California made coyotes (郊狼) more nocturnal, forcing them to find new preys (猎物) among traditionally nocturnal animals.‎ The researchers warn that profound shifts in the natural behavior patterns of so many species disturb dynamics that have evolved over generations, leading to a series of unknown effects on the entire ecosystems.‎ ‎12. What did the study find?‎ A. More animals separate themselves in space.‎ B. Human activity changes animals’ way of life.‎ C. Many animals were pushed out of their local habitats.‎ D. The sun bear spends over 80% waking time in daylight.‎ ‎13. What does the underlined word “that” refer to?‎ A. The sun bear. B. The waking time.‎ C. Human activity. D. The natural habitat.‎ ‎14. What can we infer from paragraph 5?‎ A. Antelopes have easier access to water.‎ B. Coyotes have to prey on new types for survival.‎ C. Human activity shortens animals’ sleeping time.‎ D. Animals have managed to escape interaction with humans.‎ ‎15. What does the author want to tell us in the text?‎ A. Human threat makes the sun bear nocturnal.‎ B. Animals are badly hurt by human presence.‎ C. Animals become more adaptable thanks to human.‎ D. Ecosystems may be reshaped due to human activity.‎ ‎【答案】12. B 13. B 14. B 15. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。主要说明了由于人类的活动，动物不得不该自己原有的生活方式。由于许多动物已经被迫离开了它们在当地的栖息地，其他动物正试图通过在时间上而不是空间上与人类隔离来避免与人类的互动。研究人员警告说，许多物种的自然行为模式发生了深刻的变化，扰乱了经过几代人进化而来的动态，导致了对整个生态系统的一系列未知影响。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。第三段第一句the study found that human activity is driving scores of mammals to shift their activity from the daytime into the dark hours of the ‎ night.可知研究发现，人类活动正促使许多哺乳动物将活动时间从白天转移到黑夜。即人类活动改变了动物的生活方式。故选B。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据上文In its natural habitat, the sun bear spends over 80 percent of its active waking time in daylight.太阳熊在它的自然栖息地80%的活动时间都在白天。而由于人类活动的干扰，这个醒着的时间改变了。故that指代太阳熊醒着的时间。故选B。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第五段Sport hunting in the Hwange National Park in Zimbabwe drove antelopes to spend more of their active waking hours at night, restricting their access to water. Similarly, hikers in the Santa Cruz Mountains in California made coyotes more nocturnal, forcing them to find new preys among traditionally nocturnal animals. 津巴布韦Hwange国家公园的狩猎运动迫使羚羊在夜间活动的时间增加，限制了它们获得水源。类似地，加州圣克鲁斯山的徒步旅行者使土狼更喜欢夜间活动，迫使它们在传统的夜间活动动物中寻找新的猎物。可知动物们已经通过改变自己的生活方式来设法逃避与人类的接触。故选B。‎ ‎15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。最后一段The researchers warn that profound shifts in the natural behavior patterns of so many species disturb dynamics that have evolved over generations, leading to a series of unknown effects on the entire ecosystems. 研究人员警告说，许多物种的自然行为模式发生了深刻的变化，扰乱了经过几代进化而来的动态，导致了对整个生态系统的一系列未知影响。可推理得知由于人类活动，生态系统可能会被重塑。故选D。‎ 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）‎ 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。‎ Many people believe that there is some truth in the saying Laughter is the best medicine.____16____ Laughter helps relieve pain, strengthen the immune system and reduce stress. Laughter stimulates(激发) hormones which make us feel happy. Laughter also increases the flow of blood throughout the body and has benefits which are similar to the ones you get by doing exercise.‎ ‎___17___Children exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain and anxiety._____18_____. These are ‎ professional clowns who are sent to hospitals and wards to entertain and distract sick children.‎ Laughter therapy has become very popular in recent years and as a result, more and more laughter clubs are starting to open up in cities and towns all over the world. At a laughter session, a trained therapist instructs the group to perform a series of exercises which are designed to produce laughter. ___19___And it takes them some time to get rid of their inhibitions（心理抑制）.They might even start off with fake laughter, but this doesn’t matter because our bodies can’t tell the difference, and the results are the same. Moreover, laughter is contagious（传染的).___20___‎ So next time you feel ill, stressed out or depressed, try watching a funny film or try remembering an amusing incident in your life. You will soon feel better.‎ A. If one person starts giggling, it is unavoidable that everyone else will be drawn in.‎ B. Laughter helps you focus.‎ C. This finding has led to so-called clown doctors.‎ D. In fact, research done by scientists has shown that laughter has a lot of health benefits.‎ E. Laughter makes the world a better and more colorful place.‎ F. Some people may find the idea embarrassing at first.‎ G. Using laughter therapy in children’s hospitals has proven to be invaluable.‎ ‎【答案】16. D 17. G ‎ ‎18. C 19. F ‎ ‎20. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了笑对康有健很多益处以及笑声疗法越来越受到人们的欢迎。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 由“Laughter helps relieve pain, strengthen the immune system and reduce stress. Laughter stimulates(激发) hormones which make us feel happy. Laughter also increases the flow of blood throughout the body and has benefits which are similar to the ones you get by doing ‎ exercise”可知，笑声有助于减轻疼痛，增强免疫系统和减轻压力。笑声刺激荷尔蒙，使我们感到快乐。笑也会增加血液在全身的流动，并且有类似于通过锻炼获得的益处。所以小题1要总说笑声有诸多的益处，然后在进行具体的分说。故D选项“事实上，科学家的研究表明笑对健康有很大的益处”符合句意。故D选项切题。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 由“Children exposed to funny films and cartoons before major medical procedures are able to cope better with pain and anxiety”可知，在主要的医疗程序之前，接触滑稽电影和卡通的儿童能够更好地应对疼痛和焦虑。所以，小题2要表明笑声疗法的应用的地点以及总说所起的积极作用。故G选项“在儿童医院使用笑声疗法已经被证明是具有极大价值的”符合句意。故G选项切题。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 由“These are professional clowns who are sent to hospitals and wards to entertain and distract sick children.”可知，他们是专业的小丑，被派往医院和病房来使孩子们快乐和分散患病儿童的注意力。所以小题3与下一句一同在说明，笑声疗法所采取的具体措施。故C选项“这一发现产生了所谓的小丑医生的职业”符合句意。故C选项切题。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 由“At a laughter session, a trained therapist instructs the group to perform a series of exercises which are designed to produce laughter. ___4___And it takes them some time to get rid of their inhibitions(心理抑制).”可知，在笑的过程中，一名训练有素的治疗师指导小组进行一系列旨在产生笑声的练习。需要一些时间来摆脱他们的心理抑制。所以小题4要表明训练开始时，人们对这种练习的看法。才能更好的的承接下句。故F选项“有些人一开始可能会觉得这个想法很尴尬”符合句意。故F选项切题。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 由“Moreover, laughter is contagious”可知，此外,笑声是会传染的。所以小题5要具体说明笑声是会传染的。故A选项“如果一个人开始咯咯地笑，其他人就不可避免地也开始咯咯地笑起来”符合句意。故A选项切题。‎ 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）‎ 第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist. He has made several very ‎ important medical___21___. When a newspaper journalist asked him why he was able to be so much more___22___ than the average person, he responded that it all came from a(n)___23___ with his mother that occurred when he was a child.‎ Stephen had been trying to ___24___ a bottle of milk from the refrigerator when he ___25___ his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell，spilling(泼出) its contents all over the kitchen floor-a real sea of milk! When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of ___26___ at him，giving him a lecture or chastising him，she said, “what a great and wonderful ___27___ you have made! I have rarely seen such a huge pond of milk. Well，the ___28___ has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes ___29___ we clean it up？"‎ Indeed，he did. After a few minutes，his mother said，" Stephen，whenever you make a mess like this，____30____ you have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper ____31____.”And together they cleaned up the spilled milk. His mother then said，"You know，what we have here is a ____32____ experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Let's go out in the back yard and ____33____ the bottle with water and see if you can discover a way to carry it without ____34____ it “The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands，he could ____35____ it without dropping it. What a good ____36____ to him!‎ This famous scientist then remarked that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be afraid to make ____37____.Instead，he learned that mistakes were just ____38____ for learning something new，which is，after all，what scientific ____39____ are all about. Even if the experiment doesn't work, we usually learn something ____40____ from it.‎ ‎21. A. impressions B. breakthroughs C. promises D. intentions ‎22. A. outgoing B. responsible C. warm-hearted D. creative ‎23. A. experience B. word C. argument D. adventure ‎24 A. recycle B. purchase C. remove D. freeze ‎25. A. lost B. tightened C. adjusted D. caught ‎26. A. looking B. yelling C. smiling D. glancing ‎27. A. discovery B. mess C. change D. joke ‎28. A. injury B. research C. assignment D. damage ‎29. A. when B. as C. after D. before ‎30. A. gradually B. initially C. eventually D. constantly ‎31. A. order B. situation C. form D. use ‎32. A. successful B. failed C. completed D. useless ‎33. A. fill B. wash C. polish D. cover ‎34. A. shaking B. dropping C. lifting D. touching ‎35. A. make up B. make off C. make it D. make sense ‎36. A. attitude B. apology C. project D. lesson ‎37. A. efforts B. plans C. mistakes D. decisions ‎38. A. requirements B. routines C. chances D. goals ‎39. A. achievements B. approaches C. seminars D. experiments ‎40. A. valuable B. ambiguous C. familiar D. abstract ‎【答案】21. B 22. D 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. B 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. A 34. B 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. C 39. D 40. A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本文为说明文。作者通过这篇文章向我们介绍了Stephen Glenn，他是美国著名的科学家并做出了几个非常重要的医学突破，很多人都想知道他成功的秘诀，作者在本文中介绍了记者对他的采访并表达了他对母亲教育方法的感谢。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. impressions印象；B. breakthroughs突破；C. promises许诺；D. intentions意图。根据上文Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist.可知，Stephen Glenn做出了几个非常重要的医学突破。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. outgoing外向的；B. responsible负责的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. creative创造性的。根据上文He has made several very important medical___1___.可知，新闻记者问他为什么他能比一般人更有创造力。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. experience经历；B. word话；C. argument争论；D. adventure冒险。根据下文that occurred when he was a child.可知，Stephen Glenn回应道他的创造力来自于他小时候和他母亲的一次经历。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. recycle使再循环；B. purchase购买；C. remove移动；D. freeze冻结。根据下文a bottle of milk from the refrigerator可知，Stephen Glenn一直试图从冰箱里拿出一瓶牛奶。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. lost失去；B. tightened拉紧；C. adjusted调整；D. caught抓住。根据下文it fell，spilling(泼出) its contents all over the kitchen floor-a real sea of milk!可知，Stephen Glenn失去了对奶瓶的控制。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. looking看；B. yelling大喊；C. smiling微笑；D. glancing瞥见。根据下文giving him a lecture or chastising him，she said, “what a great and wonderful ___7___ you have made!可知，Stephen Glenn的妈妈并对他大声吼叫。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. discovery发现；B. mess混乱；C. change改变；D. joke笑话。根据下文I have rarely seen such a huge pond of milk.可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn他做了一个伟大而美妙的混乱。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. injury受伤；B. research研究；C. assignment分配；D. ‎ damage损坏。根据下文Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes可知，妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn，损害已经造成了，那就玩一会儿吧。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。A. when当……的时候；B. as随着；C. after在……之后；D. before在……之前。妈妈问在把牛奶清理干净之前，Stephen Glenn是否愿意在牛奶里玩几分钟。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查副词辨析。A. gradually逐渐地；B. initially最初；C. eventually最终；D. constantly不断地。妈妈告诉Stephen Glenn无论什么时候搞得像这样一团糟，最终都必须清理和恢复……。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. order秩序；B. situation情况；C. form形式；D. use使用。根据上文you have to clean it up and restore everything可知，妈妈要求Stephen Glenn必须把它清理干净，把一切恢复到正常的秩序。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. successful成功的；B. failed失败的；C. completed完成的；D. useless没用的。根据上文when he ___5___ his grip on the slippery bottle and it fell，spilling(泼出) its contents all over the kitchen floor-a real sea of milk!可知，他们经历了一次关于如何有效地用两只小手拿着一个大奶瓶的失败的实验。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. fill装；B. wash洗；C. polish擦；D. cover覆盖。根据下文with water可知，用水装满瓶子。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. shaking摇摆；B. dropping掉；C. lifting抬起；D. touching碰。根据下文he could ___15___ it without dropping it.可知，他们在尝试找到一种既能拿又不掉的方法。故B选项正确。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词辨析。A. make up弥补；B. make off离开；C. make it达到预定目标；D. make sense讲得通。根据上文The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands可知，Stephen Glenn成功做到了。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. attitude态度；B. apology道歉；C. project项目；D. lesson教训。这对他是一个多么好的教训啊！故D选项正确。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. efforts努力；B. plans计划；C. mistakes错误；D. decisions决定。根据下文Instead, he learned that mistakes可知，他不必害怕犯错。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. requirements要求；B. routines路线；C. chances机会；D. goals目标。相反，他得知错误只是学习新东西的机会。故C选项正确。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查名词辨析。A. achievements成就；B. approaches方法；C. seminars研讨会；D. experiments实验。根据下文Even if the experiment doesn't work可知，此处指科学实验。故D选项正确。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查形容词辨析。A. valuable有价值的；B. ambiguous引起歧义的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. abstract抽象的。根据上文he learned that mistakes were just ___18___ for learning something new可知，即使实验不成功，我们通常也能从中学到一些有价值的东西。故A选项正确。‎ ‎【点睛】完形填空的解题技巧之一就是要根据上下文来学会“推理”出最佳选项。同学们要遵循“上下求索”的原则来查找信息。例如，第1小题要求判断出Stephen Glenn做出了几个非常重要的医学……。该题可根据上文Stephen Glenn is a famous American research scientist.可知，Stephen Glenn是美国著名的研究科学家，因此他应该是做出了几个非常重要的医学突破。A. impressions印象；B. breakthroughs突破；C. promises许诺；D. intentions意图。故B选项正确。‎ 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ Ahead of this year’s London Book Fair in March, media reported a rise in interest in translated works among British readers. For translator Anna Holmwood, this signals the ___41___ (arrive) of a new era.‎ ‎“This is a big moment for Chinese fiction abroad,” says Holmwood, ___42___ has ‎ translated Chinese literature for almost a decade.‎ Her translation work, Legends of the Condor Heroes, a fantasy novel written by Jin Yong, and Liu Cixin’s science-fiction book, The Three Body Problem, are shown in a Nielsen report ___43___ examples of two of the most popular Chinese fiction works in Britain in 2018.‎ ‎“Languages in growing demand include Chinese and Arabic.” according to the Nielsen report. It found that, against the commonly ___44___ (see) “not more than 3 percent rule” of translated literature’s presence in the English-language book markets, the number for 2018 was 5.63 percent in Britain ___45___ the total annual sales was worth $27.1 million.‎ Charlotte Collins, translator and co-chair of the British Translators Association, says: “As we can see, this proportion (比率) ___46___ (double) in recent years This is ___47___ (real) exciting news.”‎ The Guardian quotes (引用) Fiammetta Rocco, administrator of the Man Booker International Prize, “___48___ (read) fiction is one of the ___49___ (good) ways of putting ourselves in other people’s shoes. The rise in sales of translated fiction ___50___ (show) how hungry British readers are for terrific writing from other countries.”‎ ‎【答案】41. arrival ‎ ‎42. who 43. as ‎ ‎44. seen 45. and ‎ ‎46. has doubled ‎ ‎47. really 48. Reading ‎ ‎49. best 50. shows ‎【解析】‎ 本文是一篇调查报告。通过对英语图书市场的调查发现，在英国翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查词形转换。句意：对于翻译安娜·霍姆伍德来说，这标志着一个新时代的到来。根据the可知此处应该用名词形式，故答案为arrival。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。此处Holmwood是先行词，指人，在后面的定语从句中作主语，又是非限制性定语从句，that不能引导，故答案为who。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：她的翻译作品《射雕英雄传》(legend of the Condor Heroes)、金庸的奇幻小说《射雕英雄传》(Legends of the Condor Heroes)，以及刘慈欣的科幻小说《三体》(the Three Body Problem)都在尼尔森(Nielsen)的一份报告中被列为2018年英国最受欢迎的两部中国小说之一。固定搭配：show---as---“把------当作------”。故答案为as.‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查过去分词。句意：调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反，2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%，并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。此处是过去分词作前置定语“被经常看见的”，故答案为seen。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查并列连词。句意：调查发现，与英语图书市场中常见的“不超过3%的规则”相反，2018年英国的这一数字为5.63%，并且年度总销售额为2710万美元。结合句意可知此处是并列的递进关系，故答案为and。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 考查时态。句意：正如我们所看到的，这一比例近年来翻了一番。根据in recent years.可知句子用现在完成时态，且主语是proportion，不可数名词，属于单数第三人称，故答案为has doubled。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 考查词形转换。此处exciting是形容词，由副词来修饰，故答案为really。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 考查动名词作主语。句意：读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处是动名词作主语，故答案为Reading。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 考查最高级。句意：读小说是设身处地为别人着想的最好方法之一。此处有范围，再根据定冠词the，可知用最高级，故答案为best。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：翻译小说销量的增长表明，英国读者对其他国家的优秀作品是多么渴望。结合句意可知句子用一般现在时态，且主语是rise，单数第三人称，故答案为shows。‎ 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）‎ ‎51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。‎ 增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加词。‎ 删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。‎ 修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。‎ 注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；‎ ‎2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。‎ The Great Wall is a great military fortification project in China that was regarded as a miracle in the history of ancient architecture. It went through more 2,500 years of the Chinese history but bestrides the vast terrain over a dozen of provinces in northern China. Although it has lost the its military value for a long time, it nevertheless reflects the dignity, confident, and independence of the Chinese people.‎ In 1987, UNESCO listed the Great Wall by a World Heritage Site. The Great Wall is a must-visit site for tourists worldwide where they come to China and Beijing. More of them put on T-shirts with Mao Zedong’s poetry said “You are not a man until you climbed up the Great Wall” when they happily climb the step of the Great Wall. The experience becomes unforgettable.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎1.考查动词。本句说的是一般状况，要用一般现在时态，故将was改为is.‎ ‎2.考查连词。固定短语：more than（超过），故加than.‎ ‎3.考查连词。句意：它有2500多年的历史，并且跨越了中国北部几个省。前后是并列关系，没有转折之意，应该用and连接，故将but改为and.‎ ‎4.考查冠词。名词value之前已经有了物主代词its修饰，不能再用定冠词the，故去掉the.‎ ‎5.考查名词。此处要用名词confidence（信心）与其它名词dignity，independence并列，故将confident改为confidence.‎ ‎6.考查介词。句意：在1987年，联合国教科文组织把它列作为世界文化遗产。应该用介词 as（作为），故将by改为as.‎ ‎7.考查连词。句意：当游客们来到中国和北京时，长城是他们必到之处。应该用when引导时间状语从句，故将where改为when.‎ ‎8.考查代词。固定搭配：many of them（他们中许多人），more是“更多”的意思，故将more改为many.‎ ‎9.考查动词。此处要用现在分词saying作状语，与主语many of them是主动关系，故将said改为saying.‎ ‎10.考查名词。名词step是可数名词，此处指长城上的“台阶”要用复数形式，故将step改为steps.‎ 第二节 书面表达（满分25分）‎ ‎52.假定你是李华，你每周日上午都会去交换生Alice那里教她制作中式早餐。本周日的安排因你爷爷生日而改到下午。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括:‎ ‎1. 本周学习时间变更及原因；‎ ‎2. 本周学习内容:制作包子(steamed stuffed bun)；‎ ‎3. 课前准备:面粉、猪肉及蔬菜。‎ 注意:‎ ‎1. 词数100左右；‎ ‎2 .可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Dear Alice，‎ How’s everything going?‎ I am writing to inform you of my plan for the next lesson. As usual, we will have our lesson in your house on Sunday. But I have to change the time for the next lesson from morning to afternoon because this Sunday will be my grandfather’s birthday, and all my families will get together in the morning to celebrate his 70th birthday.‎ The content of the next lesson is to learn making steamed stuffed buns, which are very common on Chinese people’s breakfast list, especially in the northern parts. To prepare for the lesson, I suggest you buy some flour, pork and vegetable ahead of time. Contact me if you have any problem with my arrangement.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 本篇书面表达是应用文，要求写一封书信。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本文要求写一封电子邮件：假定你是李华，你每周日上午都会去交换生Alice那里教她制作中式早餐。本周日的安排因你爷爷生日而改到下午。请你给她写封邮件，内容包括:1. 本周学习时间变更及原因；2. 本周学习内容:制作包子；3. 课前准备:面粉、猪肉及蔬菜。时态应为一般现在时。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如； steamed stuffed bun（包子），celebrate（庆祝），common（常见的），especially（尤其、特别是）， flour（面粉），pork（猪肉），vegetable（蔬菜），contact（联系）及arrangement（安排）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持卷面的整洁美观。‎ 本文内容完整，层次分明，结构紧凑，表达准确。另外全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。‎ ‎【点睛】范文语言地道，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级词汇和句式，高级词汇有inform sb of sth（通知某人某事），as usual（像往常一样），have to (不得不)，get together（集合），prepare for（为……做准备）以及ahead of time（提前），而且还使用了非限定性定语从句“The content of the next lesson is to learn making steamed stuffed buns, which are very common on Chinese people’s breakfast list, especially in the northern parts.”，状语从句“Contact me if you have any problem with my arrangement.”及“But I have to change the time for the next lesson from morning to afternoon because this Sunday will be my grandfather’s birthday, and all my families will get together in the morning to celebrate his 70th birthday.”，非谓语动词及虚拟语气“To prepare for the lesson, I suggest you buy some flour, pork and vegetable ahead of time.”，全文没有语法错误，上下句转换自然流畅。‎