冲刺2019年高考英语黄金考点解析解密09名词性从句

冲刺2019年高考英语黄金考点解析解密09名词性从句

‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【命题解读】‎ ‎1.了解名词性从句的基本用法，掌握名词性从句的引导词及引导词在名词性从句中的作用，辨析that与what,if ‎ 与whether等引导词的用法。‎ ‎2.明确it作形式主语和形式宾语、代替主语从句及宾语从句的用法，及其与强调句的区别。‎ ‎3.区分that引导的同位语从句及定语从句。‎ ‎【命题预测】‎ 预计2018年高考对名词性从句的考查仍然不会单纯地考查其语法结构，而是将其融入一定的语境中来考查考生的实际综合运用能力。‎ ‎【复习建议】‎ ‎1. 掌握宾语从句的用法；‎ ‎2. 了解同位语从句的用法；‎ ‎3. 掌握表语从句的用法；‎ ‎4. 掌握主语从句的用法；‎ ‎5. 如何正确选择引导词。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 主语从句是在复合句中担任主语的句子。其特点有：‎ ‎（1）引导词：‎ ‎ 从属连词 that, whether；‎ ‎ 连接代词 who, what, which；‎ ‎ whoever, whatever, whichever;‎ ‎ 连接副词 when, where, how和why。‎ ‎（2）语序：陈述句语序 ‎（3）在主语从句中只能用whether,不能用if ‎ That he will win the match is certain.‎ ‎ It is certain that he will win the match.‎ ‎1. 一般来说主语从句都是放在句首，但有时为了使句子保持平衡，避免"头重脚轻",常用it 作形式主语，从 ‎ 而把主语从句放后面。常以it作形式主语的句型有： ‎ ‎①It is＋形容词＋that...‎ ‎ ☞It is certain that she will do well in her exam．‎ ‎ 毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 ‎ ‎②It is＋名词词组(no wonder，an honour，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，common knowledge，a surprise，‎ ‎ a fact，etc．)＋that...‎ ‎ ☞It’s a pity that we can’t go．‎ ‎ 很遗憾我们不能去。‎ ‎③It is＋过去分词(said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc．)＋that...‎ ‎ ☞It has been suggested that much should be done to prevent the river from being polluted．‎ ‎ 有人建议应做更多的工作阻止河流遭受污染。‎ ‎④It appears/seems that...|It happens that...|It occurred to me that...|It turned out that...‎ ‎ ☞It turned out that nobody remembered the address．‎ ‎ 结果发现没人记得这地址。‎ ‎⑤It doesn’t matter that...|It makes no difference that...‎ ‎ ☞It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not．‎ ‎ 她是否来这无关紧要。‎ ‎2. 当that引导的主语从句出现在疑问句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。 ‎ ‎ ☞Does it matter much that they will not come tomorrow？‎ ‎ 他们明天不来很要紧吗？‎ ‎3. 当主语从句出现在感叹句中时，要以it作形式主语，而把主语从句后置。‎ ‎ ☞How strange it is that the children are so quiet！‎ ‎ 孩子们这么安静真奇怪！‎ ‎1.（2017·北京卷·单项填空） Every year, ________ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite ‎ ‎ Festival.‎ A. whatever B. whoever ‎ C. whomever D. whichever ‎【参考答案】B ‎ ‎【答案解析】考查主语从句。分析句子结构可知，________ makes the most beautiful kite作主语，且所填词指人，既作从句的主语又作主句的主语，所以选 whoever(whomever不能作主语)。句意：每年， 在风筝节上风筝做得最漂亮的人都会赢得奖品。‎ ‎2.（2016·江苏卷·单项填空）It is often the case ____________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ A. why B. what ‎ C. as D. that ‎【参考答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎【归纳总结】‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。 ‎ 一、引导表语从句的关联词的种类： ‎ ‎1. 可接表语从句的连系动词有be，look，seem，sound，appear等。 ‎ ‎ ☞China is no longer what she used to be. 今日的中国不再是过去的中国了。 ‎ ‎ ☞The question remains whether they will be able to help us. 问题还是他们能否帮我们。 ‎ ‎ ☞At that time，it seemed as if I couldn't think of the right word. ‎ ‎ 当时，我似乎怎么也想不出一个恰当的字眼来。 ‎ ‎2. 从属连词whether，as，as if / though引导的表语从句。 ‎ ‎ ☞He looked just as he had looked ten years before. 他看起来还与十年前一样。 ‎ ‎ ☞It sounds as if someone is knocking at the door. 听起来好像有人在敲门。 ‎ ‎3. because，why引导的表语从句。 ‎ ‎ ☞That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他没有理解我。（That's because…强调原因） ‎ ‎ ☞That's why he got angry with me. 那正是他对我生气的原因。（That's why…强调结果） ‎ ‎4. 连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever ‎ ‎ 连接副词 where，when，how，why ‎ ‎ ☞The problem is who we can get to replace her. 问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。 ‎ ‎ ☞The question is how he did it. 问题是他是如何做此事的。 ‎ ‎ ☞That was what she did this morning on reaching the attic. 那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。‎ ‎5. 从属连词that ‎ ‎ ☞The trouble is that I have lost his address. 麻烦是我把他的地址丢了。‎ ‎【归纳拓展】‎ 学习表语从句应该注意以下几点。‎ ‎(1)通常只用that引导表语从句的情况。‎ ‎①句子的主语为the reason时，表语从句采用that引导，表示原因，此时不用because。‎ ‎ ☞The reason why she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat．‎ ‎ 她生病的原因是她吃了变质的肉。‎ ‎②句子的主语为the result时，表语从句采用that引导。‎ ‎ ☞The result is that many of them become fat．‎ ‎ 结果是他们中许多人发胖了。‎ ‎③由why引导的从句作主语时。‎ ‎ ☞Why we decided to put off the match is that the weather was too terrible．‎ ‎ 我们决定推迟比赛的原因是天气太糟糕了。‎ ‎(2)as if/though引导的表语从句通常置于系动词look，seem，sound，be等后面；表语从句既可以采用虚拟语 ‎ 气，也可采用直陈语气。‎ ‎①It sounded as if somebody was knocking at/on the door．听起来好像有人在敲门。‎ ‎②She treats him as if he were a stranger．她待他如陌生人。‎ ‎（2016·北京卷·单项填空） The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free from dust.‎ A. what B. that C. whether D. why ‎【参考答案】 B ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【难点梳理】‎ 引导宾语从句的连接词主要有：‎ 连接词：that，whether，if等 连接代词：what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等 连接副词：when，where，why，how等 ‎1. 连接词that，whether，if引导 ‎☞I think (that) you should turn to the teacher for help. 我认为你应该向老师寻求帮助。‎ ‎☞I don’t know if/whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道这么多年后他是否还住在这儿。‎ 注意：‎ whether/if都意为＂是否＂。一般情况下，它们可以互换，口语中常用if ‎，但以下情况中，只能用whether。‎ ‎（1）与or not紧接连用时。‎ ‎  ☞Let me know whether or not you can come. 请让我知道你是否能来。‎ ‎（2）作介词的宾语从句时。‎ ‎ ☞We are interested in whether you will attend the meeting. 我们对你是否参加会议感兴趣。‎ ‎2. 连接代词what，who，whose，whatever，whichever，whoever等引导 ‎☞She asked me whose handwriting was the best in the class. 她问我班上谁的书法最好。‎ ‎☞I’ll just say whatever comes into my mind. 我想到什么就说什么。‎ ‎3. 连接副词when，where，why，how等引导 ‎☞Do you know when the ancient Olympic Games began? ‎ ‎ 你知道古代的奥运会是什么时间开始的吗?‎ ‎☞I’ve been thinking about how we can make the newspaper more interesting. ‎ ‎ 我一直在考虑如何使我们的报纸更用趣。‎ ‎4. 宾语从句的语序 在宾语从句中要用陈述句语序。‎ ‎☞He asked me when we could set out the next day. 他问我第二天什么时候可以出发。‎ ‎☞Did you find out where she lost her car? 你查出她在哪里丢的车了吗?‎ ‎5. 宾语从句的时态 ‎（1）当主句的谓语动词是一般现在时时，其宾语从句的时态可以是任何适当的时态。‎ ‎☞She says (that) she works from Monday to Friday. 她说她周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时)‎ ‎☞she says (that) she will leave a message on his desk. ‎ ‎ 她说她要在他桌子上留个便条。(从句是一般将来时)‎ ‎☞She says (that) she has never been to Mount Emei. ‎ ‎ 她说她从来没有去过峨眉山。(从句是现在完成时)‎ ‎（2）当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时时，其宾语从句的时态一般要用适当的过去时态。‎ ‎☞He said there were no classes yesterday afternoon. ‎ ‎ 他说昨天下午没有课。(从句是一般过去时)‎ ‎☞He said that he was going to take care of the baby. ‎ ‎ 他说他会去照看这个婴儿。(从句是过去将来时)‎ ‎☞He said that they were having a meeting at that time. ‎ ‎ 他说他们那时正在开会。(从句是过去进行时)‎ ‎（3）当宾语从句是表达客观真理和规律的句子时，其时态仍旧用一般现在时。‎ ‎☞The teacher told us that nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. ‎ ‎ 老师告诉我们世上无难事，只怕有心人。‎ ‎☞He said that light travels much faster than sound. 他说光比声音传播得快。‎ 注意：学习宾语从句应该注意以下几点。 ‎ ‎(1)引导宾语从句的连词that一般可以省略，但是在及物动词之后跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时，只有 ‎ 第一个that可以省略。‎ ‎☞Glancing at her scornfully，he told her(that) the dress was sold．‎ ‎ 他轻蔑地看了她一眼，告诉她说那件衣服卖了。‎ ‎☞The teacher said (that) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart．‎ ‎ 老师说课文非常重要，我们应该背下来。‎ ‎(2)表示＂心理活动＂的形容词：afraid，anxious，aware，ashamed，annoyed，certain，confident，content，‎ ‎ convinced，determined，disappointed，glad，happy，proud，pleased，sure，surprised，satisfied，thankful，‎ ‎ worried等可以后接宾语从句。‎ ‎☞He was afraid that he would lose．他担心会输。‎ ‎☞I am sure that I put the money in the box．我肯定把钱放在盒子里了。‎ ‎(3)若主句谓语动词为think，consider，suppose，believe，expect，fancy，guess，imagine等，其后的宾语从 ‎ 句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式，这种现象称为＂否定转移＂‎ ‎ 现象(此时主语往往为第一人称，偶尔为第三人称；否定词never，seldom，hardly，little无此用法)。‎ ‎☞I don’t think his decision is wise in reality．实际上，我觉得他的决定并不明智。‎ ‎☞I don’t believe that he is a dishonest man．我认为他是个诚实的人。‎ ‎(4)在think，believe，imagine，suppose，guess，hope等动词以及I’m afraid之后，可以采用so代替一个肯 ‎ 定的宾语从句，也可以采用not代替否定的宾语从句。‎ ‎☞—Do you believe the news stories？＂你相信这个新闻故事吗？＂‎ ‎ —I believe so．＂我相信。＂‎ ‎☞—Has Anne got into university？＂安妮上大学了吗？＂‎ ‎ —I am afraid not．＂恐怕是没有。＂‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【巧学妙记】‎ 宾语从句的用法速记口诀 宾语从句须注意，几点事项应牢记。‎ 一是关键引导词，不同句子词相异。‎ 陈述句子用that；一般疑问是否（if，whether）替；‎ 特殊问句更好办，引导还用疑问词。‎ 二是时态常变化，主句不同从句异。‎ 主句若为现在时，从句时态应看意；‎ 主句若为过去时，从句时态向前移。‎ 三是语序要记清，从句永保陈述序。‎ ‎1. (2017·天津卷·单项填空) She asked me ________ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn't.‎ A. when B. where ‎ C. whether D. what ‎【参考答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2.（2016·全国新课标卷I·短文改错）My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that I live.‎ ‎【参考答案】that → where ‎ ‎【答案解析】考查宾语从句的引导词。介词后面的宾语从句缺少状语，根据句意判断此处表示地点。故把that改为where。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 在复合句中用作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种。它一般放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt, promise, question等抽象名词的后面，对前面的名词作进一步的解释，说明前面名词的具体含义。‎ ‎1. 同位语从句的引导词选择原则 that 只起连词作用，无任何含义，一般不省略 whether 是否 when 什么时候 where 什么地点 how 什么方式 ‎ ☞The hope that he may recover is not gone yet.他不是没有恢复的希望。‎ ‎ ☞The problem whether we should continue to do the experiment has been solved.‎ ‎ 我们是否继续做这个实验的问题已经被解决。‎ ‎2. 同位语从句的几种特殊情况 ‎（1）当主句的谓语较短，而同位语从句较长时，同位语从句常后置。‎ ‎ ☞The story goes that William Tell killed the king with an arrow.‎ ‎ 故事是这样的：威廉姆特尔用一支利箭杀死了国王。‎ ‎（2）表示“命令、建议、要求”的名词order, demand, suggestion等后接同位语从句时，从句的谓语要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should可省略。‎ ‎ ☞The suggestion that everyone (should) make efforts to beautify our campus is necessary.‎ ‎ 每个人都应尽力来美化校园的建议是有必要的。‎ ‎3. 同位语从句和定语从句的区别 同位语从句 定语从句 功能不同 对名词加以补充说明 与先行词是修饰与被修饰的关系，起连接作用 that 不作成分；起连接作用，不可省略 作主语或宾语，起连接作用；并且作从句的宾语时可省略 whether/how 不作成分；起连接作用“是否”；“如何”‎ 不引导定语从句 whwords 作成分；起连接作用；有自己的含义，但与先行词之间无关 作成分；起连接作用；没有自己的含义，但是代替先行词在从句中作成分 ‎ ☞The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true.‎ ‎ 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。(同位语从句，that不可省略)‎ ‎ ☞The news (that) he told me yesterday is true.‎ ‎ 他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。(定语从句，that在从句中作宾语，可省略)‎ ‎1. The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have total belief you are better than anyone else on the sports field.‎ A. how B. that ‎ B. C. which D. whether ‎【参考答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎2. News came from the school office ______ Wang Lin had been admitted to Peking‎ ‎University.‎ A. which B. that ‎ C. what D. where ‎【参考答案】B ‎【答案解析】考查同位语从句。本题属于分割式同位语从句，谓语came 较短，同位语从句较长，名词和同位语从句被from the school office 分开，that 引导同位语从句Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University解释news的内容，在句中起引导作用，没有具体的意思。故选B。‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 名词性从句考点归纳：‎ ‎1．名词性从句必须采用陈述语序。‎ ‎①I want to know what he has told you．我想知道他告诉了你什么。‎ ‎②She always thinks of how she can work well．她总是在想怎样能把工作做好。‎ ‎2．it充当形式主语或宾语：‎ ‎ 在名词性从句中，为了使句子保持平衡，常用先行词it来代替主语从句或宾语从句，而把主语从句或宾语从句放到后面，尤其是连词that引导的主语从句常用于此句式中。‎ ‎①It is known to us how he became a writer．我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。 ‎ ‎②I find it strange that she doesn’t want to travel．她竟不想旅游，我觉得很奇怪。‎ ‎3．在名词性从句中 that与what的差异：‎ ‎ what在从句中要充当某个成分(主语、宾语或表语)，在任何情况下都不能省略，表示＂(＝the thing or things that...； whatever)……的事物； 无论什么；凡是……的事物＂。that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，在口语和非正式文件中，宾语从句中的that常常省略。‎ ‎①What you have done might do harm to others．你所做的事或许对别人有害处。‎ ‎②I spent what little time I had with my family．我仅有的一点儿时间都和家人在一起度过了。‎ ‎③No one knows what will happen next．谁也不知道下一步有什么事。‎ ‎④I think(that) you will like the stamps．我认为你会喜欢这些邮票的。‎ ‎4．whether和if的差异：‎ ‎（1）引导主语从句、表语从句或同位语从句，只能采用whether。‎ ‎ ☞Whether there is life on the moon is an interesting question．‎ ‎ 月球上有没有生命是个有趣的问题。‎ ‎（2）介词宾语只用whether引导。‎ ‎ ☞He was worrying about whether he had hurt her feeling．‎ ‎ 他焦虑地想知道是否伤害了她的感情。‎ ‎（3）当whether引导的宾语从句位于句首表示强调时，不能被if替换。‎ ‎ ☞Whether he will come or not，I am not sure．我无法确认他是否会来。‎ ‎（4）whether经常与or not 直接连用，构成whether or not。‎ ‎ ☞I don’t know whether or not he’ll come．我不知道他是来还是不来。‎ ‎（5）后接动词不定式时只能用whether。‎ ‎ ☞Can you tell me whether to go or to stay？你能否告诉我是去还是留？ ‎ ‎（6）动词discuss后面只能接whether引导的宾语从句。‎ ‎ ☞We discussed whether we should close the shop．我们讨论我们是否关闭这家商店。‎ ‎5．宾语从句和主句的时态呼应：‎ ‎（1）当主句谓语动词为现在时态或将来时态时，宾语从句可以选择适当的时态。‎ ‎ ☞Will you tell me how I can keep fit？能告诉我如何保持健康吗？‎ ‎（2）当主句谓语动词为过去时态时，为保持时态一致，宾语从句应采用相应的过去时态。‎ ‎ ☞Jack told me that he had been there twice．杰克告诉我他去过那儿两次了。‎ ‎（3）当主句谓语为过去时态时，宾语从句表示客观真理、客观存在的事物、格言时，仍然采用一般现在时。‎ ‎ ☞Long ago，people knew that there are four seasons in a year．‎ ‎ 很久以前，人们就知道一年有四个季节。‎ ‎6．连接代词whoever，whatever，whichever引导名词性从句的含义：‎ ‎（1）whoever的用法：‎ ‎①(＝the person or people who...)……的那个人 ‎ ☞Whoever said that？到底谁讲的这话？‎ ‎②(＝any person who...)……的任何一个人 ‎ ☞Tell whoever you like； it makes no difference to me．‎ ‎ 你愿意告诉谁就告诉谁——对我来说都无所谓。‎ ‎（2）whatever的用法：‎ ‎①(＝any or every)任何；每一 ‎ ☞Take whatever action is needed．采取任何必要的措施。‎ ‎②(＝anything or everything)任何事物；一切事物 ‎ ☞You must do whatever is best for you．什么对你最有利你就得做什么。‎ ‎③(表示做什么或发生什么都没关系，因为结果都一样)无论什么，不管什么 ‎ ☞You have our support，whatever you decide．不管你做何决定，都会得到我们的支持。‎ ‎（3）whichever的用法：‎ ‎①(表示什么特征或品质在作决定时重要)……的那个；……的那些 ‎ ☞Take whichever hat suits you best．挑个最适合你戴的帽子。‎ ‎②无论哪个；无论哪些 ‎ ☞Whichever of you comes in will receive a prize．你们当中不论哪个进来将会得到奖励。 ‎ ‎7．虚拟语气结构在名词性从句中的应用：‎ ‎（1）主语从句 ‎ ☞It is necessary that he(should)come to see us．他有必要来看望我们。‎ ‎（2）宾语从句 ‎ ☞The teacher suggested that we(should)have a rest．老师建议我们休息一会儿。‎ ‎（3）表语从句 ‎ ☞My suggestion is that we(should)read English newspapers to improve our English．‎ ‎ 我的建议是我们应该阅读英文报纸来提高我们的英语水平。‎ ‎8．it作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 ‎ it作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都用连词that，被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。‎ ‎①It’s a pity that he missed the opportunity to travel abroad．‎ ‎ 他错过了去国外旅游的机会，真是可惜。‎ ‎②Who was it that won the World Cup in 2014？谁赢得了2014年的世界杯？ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ 题组一 基础过关 I.‎‎ 用适当的连接词填空 ‎1.（2017•新课标卷I）The homeowner called to say ________ the parents had responded to the recordings.. ‎ ‎2.（2017•新课标卷I）What I’m hoping to accomplish is ________ my generation and younger start to reconsider ‎ ‎ and understand _________ jazz is not black and write anymore.‎ ‎3.（2017•新课标卷III）The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide ‎ ‎ _________ to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well.‎ ‎4.（2017•北京卷）What could be more fun than a gift that keeps coming through the letterbox every month?‎ ‎5．This painting is splendid, but ________ we actually need it is a different matter.‎ ‎6．Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was ________ it was rather closely ‎ ‎ modeled on his own life.‎ ‎7．Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew ________ she was so angry.‎ ‎8．—I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays.‎ ‎ —That's ________ I don't agree. You should have a more active life.‎ ‎9．—Have you finished the book?‎ ‎ —No. I've read up to ________ the children discover the secret cave.‎ ‎10．He often thinks of ________ he can do more for the four modernizations.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1. that 2.that; that 3. whether 4. What; that ‎5.whether 6.that 7.why 8.where ‎ ‎9.where 10.how ‎ Ⅱ. 将下列句子改为含有名词性从句的复合句 ‎1．English is being accepted as an international language．It is a fact．‎ ‎ _________________________________________________‎ ‎2．It is generally considered unwise to give a child everything he or she wants．‎ ‎ _________________________________________________‎ ‎3．It used to be a quiet village．I still remember that time．‎ ‎ _________________________________________________‎ ‎4．He is said to go abroad and marry an American girl next week．‎ ‎ _________________________________________________‎ ‎5．He should report this accident to the police at once．This is my suggestion．‎ ‎ _________________________________________________‎ ‎ ‎ Ⅲ. 单句改错 ‎1. After looking at the toy for some time，he turned around and found where his parents were missing.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎2. Whoever was responsible for the accident is not yet clear.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎3. We never doubt whether he is honest.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎4. If she comes or not doesn’t concern me.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎5. I feel it a terrible thing which my mother should have to toil so endlessly.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎6. The fact is what he didn’t notice the car until too late.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎7. The reason why he was late was because he didn’t catch the early bus.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎8. Your brother’s health is not which it used to be.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎9. Obviously there was little probability which they would succeed，but they didn’t mind.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎10. The proposal has been put forward what the flight should be cancelled.‎ ‎ ‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.where→that 2.Whoever→Who 3.去掉whether 4.If→Whether ‎ ‎5.which→that 6.what→that 7.because→that 8.which→what ‎ ‎9.which→that 10.what→whether 题组二 真题在线 ‎1.（2017·北京）Every year, ______ makes the most beautiful kite will win a prize in the Kite Festival.‎ ‎ A. whatever B. whoever ‎ ‎ C. whomever D. whichever ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎2.（2017·北京）Jane moved aimlessly down the tree-lined street, not knowing ______she was heading.‎ ‎ A. why B. where ‎ ‎ C. how D. when ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查连词。句意：Jane漫无目的地沿着绿树成荫的街道往前走，不知道要去哪里。分析句子结 构可知，空处引导宾语从句，作动词knowing的宾语，且从句中缺少地点状语，故应用where引导。‎ ‎3.（2017·天津）She asked me _______ I had returned the books to the library, and I admitted that I hadn’t.‎ ‎ A. when B. where ‎ ‎ C. whether D. what ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】句意：她问我我是否把书还给图书馆了，我承认我还没有还。分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾 语从句，且在从句中不作任何成分，只起连接作用，有根据句意可知此处表示“是否”，故用whether 或if引导这个宾语从句。‎ ‎4.（2017·江苏）We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $20, half of _______ it used to ‎ ‎ charge.‎ A. that B. which ‎ C. what D. how ‎【答案】C ‎ ‎ ‎5.（2016·北京）Your support is important to our work. ________ you can do helps.‎ ‎ A. However B. Whoever ‎ ‎ C. Whatever D. Wherever ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】helps是谓语，＂_______ you can do＂是主语部分，即主语从句，在主语从句中，do后缺少宾 语，表示＂任何事情＂，因此用whatever引导，故选C。‎ ‎6.（2016·北京）The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is ________ one can be entirely free ‎ from dust.‎ ‎ A. what B. that ‎ ‎ C. whether D. why ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：雨季最令人愉悦的是人们可以完全不再受到沙尘的困扰。is后跟从句作表语，表语从句 不缺少主语、谓语和宾语，因此用that, that只起引导作用。‎ ‎7.（2016·江苏）It is often the case ______anything is possible for those who hang on to hope.‎ ‎ A.why B.what ‎ ‎ C.as D.that ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】句意：对于那些心存希望的人一切皆可能是事实。本句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句，连接词that在本句中不充当任何成分，且不能省略。连接副词why要在句中作状语， 连接代词what通常在句中作主语、宾语或表语等；as不引导名词性从句。‎ ‎8.（2016·天津）The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎ A. whether B. that ‎ ‎ C. which D. what ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎9.（2016·天津）The manager put forward a suggestion ____ we should have an assistant. There is too much work to do.‎ ‎ A. whether B. that ‎ ‎ C. which D. what ‎ ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】句意：经理提出一个建议，我们应该有个助手。有太多的工作要做。使用同位语从句说明suggestion 的内容，而且同位语从句成分和意思都是完整的。用that引导，that不作成分，只是起连接作用。‎ ‎10.（2014·重庆） —Is it true that Mike refused an offer from Yale University yesterday?‎ ‎ —Yeah, but I have no idea _______ he did it; that’s one of his favorite universities.‎ ‎ A. when B. why ‎ ‎ C. that D. how ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查同位语从句的用法。Mike放弃了最心仪的耶鲁大学，令人不解其故。A项表“时间”，D项 表“方式”，均不合题意。have no idea = not know，后面的从句应该表示“疑问”，排除表“确定事实”的C 项。故本题选择B项。why表示“原因”。‎ 题组三 名校模拟 Ⅰ. 单项填空 ‎1. Many experts hold the view________ teachers’ development is ________ the key to better education lies in.‎ ‎ A. that; which B. that; what ‎ ‎ C. that; where D. which; where ‎【答案】B ‎ ‎ ‎2. Despite difficulties, we must bear in mind________ we set this goal, stick to it and move forward regardless.‎ ‎ A. that B. why ‎ ‎ C. when D. where ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查连词。句意：尽管困难重重，但我们必须牢记我们为什么要制定这个目标，坚持到底，继续向前进不论有什么困难。bear后面跟why引起的宾语从句，why在从句中做原因状语。故选B。‎ ‎3. People have the belief _______ factories should produce fewer things from raw materials, ‎ ‎________ the supply ‎ ‎ is growing smaller and smaller.‎ ‎ A. which; that B. that; of which ‎ ‎ C. that; whose D. which; whose ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查同位语从句和定语从句。句意：人们相信工厂应该从原材料中生产更少的东西，原材料的供应量正在越来越小。第一空是同位语从句，解释belief的内容，不作任何成分，所以用that，第二空是非限定性定语从句，先行词是raw materials，关系词在从句中作定语，所以用of which。‎ ‎4. —It’s certainly our fault.‎ ‎ —Yes, I think we’d better discuss ______ the apology is to be made.‎ ‎ A. that B. why ‎ ‎ C. what D. how ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：——这无疑是我们的过错。——是的，我想我们最好研究一下怎样道歉。分析句子结构可知此处为宾语从句，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“怎样、如何”。‎ ‎5. ______ impressed the tourists most was the peaceful atmosphere and the friendly people there.‎ ‎ A. When B. That ‎ ‎ C. What D. Where ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】考查主语从句。句意：最让游客印象深刻的是那平和的气氛和友好的人们。分析句子结构可知，此处为主语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用What引导主语从句。‎ ‎6. He isn’t a child any longer, so my suggestion is ______ we should tell him the truth.‎ ‎ A. what B. that ‎ ‎ C. whether D. which ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查表语从句。句意：他已经不再是小孩子了，所以我的建议是我们告诉他真相。分析句子结构可知，此处为表语从句，从句不缺主宾表，所以用that 引导，只起连接作用，不作任何成分。‎ ‎7. When you look at will have become a large tree, you will find a sense of satisfaction ‎ ‎ that you did your part to help solve the problem of climate change.‎ ‎ A. something; known B. which; to know ‎ ‎ C. those; know D. what; knowing ‎【答案】D ‎ ‎ ‎8. Reading her biography, I was lost in admiration for _____Doris Lessing had achieved in literature.‎ ‎ A. what B. that ‎ ‎ C. why D. how ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：读了Doris Lessing的自传，我对她在文学上取得的成就钦佩不已。此处为宾语从句，关系词在从句中作achieved的宾语。‎ ‎9. Whenever I am struck down, I will always ask myself ______ I can turn that setback into good.‎ ‎ A. why B. how ‎ ‎ C. what D. that ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】考查宾语从句。句意：每当被击倒的时候，我总是会问自己如何把坏事变成好事。根据句意可知用how表示方式。‎ ‎10. ______ you can make your dream come true depends on hard work more than luck.‎ ‎ A. Whether B. That ‎ ‎ C. What D. How ‎【答案】A ‎ ‎ Ⅱ.语篇填空 I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing __1__happened in my restaurant today.‎ This afternoon a poorly－dressed gentleman came into my restaurant. Nobody knew __2__he was. We wondered __3__he was so hungry. We were surprised __4__he finished two orders of food in a very limited time.We doubted __5__the man was able to pay the bill. The gentleman asked __6__we would mind waiting for just a few minutes. Then we were shocked to see__7__he took out of an envelope—a million pound bank note.‎ I asked Mr. Clements__8__it was genuine. Mr.Clements said it was true because two of this amount had been issued by the Bank of England this year. He thought __9__the gentleman showed them couldn’t be a fake.‎ ‎__10__a gentleman with a million pound note was in rags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to all the people there. I really couldn’t describe how excited I was.‎ ‎【答案】‎ ‎1.that 2.who 3.why 4.that 5.whether/if ‎ ‎6.whether/if 7.that 8.whether/if 9.what 10.Why ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎