2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修4高考提能练（10）

2020届高考英语北师大版大一轮复习精练：必修4高考提能练（10）

‎2020届北师大版单元复习测验卷：　　必修④　Module 2　Traffic Jam Ⅰ.阅读理解 A ‎[2019·石家庄模拟] As a teenager, I terrorized my mother. We often quarreled about whether or not I would empty the dishwasher, take out the trash, or clear the dinner plates. My brothers referred to these infamous screaming matches as World War Ⅲ every time a battle began. The fights lasted as long as my mother could put up with my sharp tongue and snide remarks, after which I was sent to my room without dinner.‎ Now we don't argue anymore. It's not because I've matured, gotten married, and left my parents' house, but because my mother cannot utter (发出) enough words to form sentences. Her brain is a mess like a room full of people speaking different languages with no interpreter that cannot communicate.‎ At fiftyfour, she was diagnosed with earlyonset Alzheimer's disease and now, four years later, she is completely dependent on my family and me to function. We feed her, dress her, bathe her, drive her around, and pray that the disease progresses slowly.‎ Alzheimer's has changed both the relationship we share as a mother and daughter and the fundamental beliefs that guide my life. I now believe that I am fortunate to have the opportunity to give back to my mother with the same love and devotion she always shared with me.‎ I visit her as often as my schedule permits. Sometimes I share stories with her, reducing any details to basic terms that she can understand. Sometimes we sit in silence and comment every now and then about how good the coffee is. “Makes you feel good，” she tells me, talking about the coffee, and I want to say the same thing about the time spent with her. I am so grateful for these moments, for the experiences we share, and for the chance to make up for the way I treated her years earlier. The funny thing is that she may never remember those arguments.‎ 体裁：记叙文　题材：日常生活　主题：照顾生病母亲 ‎【解题导语】　本文主要讲述了母亲在得了阿尔茨海默病后，作者对母亲的细心、体贴的照顾的故事。‎ ‎【难句分析】　The fights lasted as long as my mother could put up with my sharp tongue and snide remarks, after which I was sent to my room without dinner.‎ 分析：本句是一个复合句。as long as此处表示“和……一样(时间)长”，后一个as引导比较状语从句；which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中和after一起作状语。‎ 译文：斗争一直持续到母亲能够容忍我的尖牙利齿和挖苦的言辞，之后我就被关在自己的屋里不准吃饭了。‎ ‎1．What does the underlined word “matches” probably refer to?‎ A．Games. B．Remarks.‎ C．Arguments. D．Moments.‎ 答案与解析：C　考查词义猜测。根据最后一段最后一句“The funny thing is that she may never remember those arguments”可推知，此处的matches是指作者和母亲当时的那些争论，与第二段第一句“Now we don't argue anymore”呼应，故选C。‎ ‎2．What changed the relationship between the author and her mother?‎ A．Her basic beliefs. ‎ B．Her mother's disease.‎ C．Her being mature. ‎ D．Her mother's devotion.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第二段第二句“It's not because I've matured，gotten married，and left my parents' house, but because my mother cannot utter(发出)enough words to form sentences”可知，作者之所以不再和母亲起冲突是因为母亲患病了，语言沟通上出了问题，根据第四段第一句也可知答案，故选B。‎ ‎3．How does the author feel when telling the story?‎ A．Sad. B．Funny.‎ C．Anxious. D．Thankful.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“I now believe that...she always shared with me”及最后一段倒数第二句“I am so grateful for these moments，for the experiences we share，and for the chance to make up for the way I treated her years earlier”可知，作者在讲述这个故事时，对有机会报答母亲对自己的爱心存感激，故选D。‎ B ‎[2019·广东七校高三第一次联考]On January 13, 2016, France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away. The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks.‎ The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearlyexpired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked ‎ up by the garbage trucks. These measures are often undertaken by supermarkets to prevent the hungry from searching for food through the dustbins.‎ Though that may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to avoid potential food poisoning that could occur if the product is on its way past its expiry. Those who do not obey the new law face the risk of heavy fines.‎ Also, excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks. Though this has always been possible, the current process is long and complex, making it difficult for producers to give away the food in a timely manner.‎ France's food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques Bailet, who heads a network of French food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says that of the 110,000 tons of goods received annually, only 36,000 tons come from supermarkets. Bailet estimates (估计)that just a 15% increase in supermarket donations would translate to over 10 million additional meals to feed the hungry each year.‎ Though this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations. These steps are necessary because of the over 9 million tons of food wasted in France, an astonishing 67% is thrown away by consumers, with supermarkets and restaurants making up the rest.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：社会生活　主题：拒绝食物浪费 ‎【解题导语】　法国成为世界上第一个通过法律规定要求超市捐赠接近保质期食物给粮食银行而不是扔掉食物的国家。该规定有效防止了食物浪费。‎ ‎【难句分析】　The law also makes it illegal for stores to pour water over nearlyexpired food, or store it inside locked warehouses until it is picked up by the garbage trucks.‎ 分析：该句为主从复合句。句中第一个it为形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式“to pour water...the garbage trucks”；其中“until it is picked up by the garbage trucks”为until引导的时间状语从句。‎ 译文：该法律还规定，商店在即将过期的食品上倒水或将其储存在锁着的仓库里，直到垃圾车将其取走是违法的。‎ ‎4．What should stores do with nearlyexpired food?‎ A．Throw it away.‎ B．Send it to the hungry.‎ C．Store it in refrigerators.‎ D．Give it away to food banks.‎ 答案与解析：D　考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“France became the first country in the world to pass a law requiring supermarkets to donate food that is approaching its expiration date (保质期) instead of throwing it away.The regulation that applies to supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires stores to sign official donation agreements with local food banks”可知，法国通过的这项法律要求商店必须将即将过期的食品捐献给粮食银行，而不是扔掉，故D项正确。‎ ‎5．What does the underlined word “excess” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?‎ A．Extra. B．Cheap.‎ C．Seasonal. D．Returned.‎ 答案与解析：A　考查词义猜测。根据第四段第一句“Also，excess goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go bad quickly are now allowed to be donated directly to the food banks”可知，酸奶或牛奶等可能很快就会变质的过多产品现在可以直接捐赠给粮食银行，符合语境；据此可以判断，画线词意为“额外的，超额的”，故A项“额外的，附加的”正确。B项意为“便宜的”，C项意为“季节性的”，D项意为“退还的”，都与语境不符。‎ ‎6．What might Bailet agree with about the French food banks?‎ A．They have a lot of expired food.‎ B．They will get much benefit from the law.‎ C．Their food is enough for the people in need.‎ D．Their food mainly comes from supermarkets.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据第五段第一句“France's food banks are of course thrilled about the possibility of receiving extra food”和最后一句可知，Bailet认为，法国的粮食银行将从这项法律中受益良多，故B项正确。‎ ‎7．What does Dermabarsh plan to do?‎ A．Build more food banks in France.‎ B．Make the law take effect in more places.‎ C．Launch a campaign to promote this law.‎ D．Raise consumers' awareness of waste reduction.‎ 答案与解析：B　考查细节理解。根据尾段第二句“He now wants to extend the law to other places like restaurants and also try to convince other countries in the European Union to pass similar regulations”可知，Arash Dermabarsh计划将这项法律推行到其他场所和国家，故B项正确。‎ Ⅱ.完形填空 ‎[2019·陕西检测二]Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan. He was __1__ to get to know an American. Yaser hoped that he and Steve would __2__ good friends.‎ At first, Steve seemed very friendly. He always greeted Yaser __3__ before class. Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser. He even __4__ Yaser to have lunch with him. But after the first term was over, Steve seemed __5__. One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn't seem very __6__ in talking to him. Yaser was hurt by Steve's change of attitude.‎ Yaser is a little __7__. He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn't understand the way Americans view __8__. Americans view the word “friend” in a very __9__ way. Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends. These friendships are __10__ on common interests. When the shared activity ends, the friendship may __11__. Now Steve and Yaser are no longer classmates, their friendship has __12__.‎ In some cultures friendship means a(n) __13__ lifelong bond between two people. In these __14__ friendships develop slowly, since they are built to last. But American __15__ is not always an offer of true friendship. American __16__ is one of those that change rapidly. Studies show that one out of five American __17__ moves every year.‎ People from the United States may at first seem friendly. Americans often chat easily with __18__. They exchange information about their families, __19__ and work. They may smile warmly and say, “Have a nice day.” However, American friendships __20__ quickly, and they may change just as quickly. So, it's necessary to do in Rome as the Romans do.‎ 体裁：夹叙夹议　题材：文化风俗　主题：美国人对待友谊的观点 ‎【语篇解读】　本文通过叙述Steve和Yaser之间的经历，讲述了美国人对待友谊的观点，所以我们应该入乡随俗。‎ ‎【核心词汇】　warmly adv. 热情地；温暖地　distant adj. 遥远的；冷淡的　fade vi.褪色；逐渐消失 ‎1．A.puzzled　　 B．shocked C．excited D．worried 答案与解析：C　根据上文“Steve and Yaser first met in their chemistry class. Yaser was an international student from Jordan”的提示可知，他很兴奋(excited)能认识一个美国人。‎ ‎2．A.continue B．become C．advocate D．submit 答案与解析：B　根据上文“He was __1__ to get to know an American”的描述可知，Yaser希望他和Steve能成为(become)好朋友。‎ ‎3．A.anxiously B．nervously C．strongly D．warmly 答案与解析：D　根据上文“At first，Steve seemed very friendly”的描述可知，课前他总是热情地(warmly)问候Yaser。‎ ‎4．A.invited B．approved C．forbade D．rejected 答案与解析：A　根据上文“Sometimes he offered to study with Yaser”的提示可知，此处与上文语义上形成递进关系，所以此处为他甚至邀请(invited) Yaser和他一起吃午饭。‎ ‎5．A.optimistic B．familiar C．distant D．accessible 答案与解析：C　根据下文“One day Yaser decided to call Steve. Steve didn't seem very __6__ in talking to him”的提示可知，两人之间的关系发生了变化，所以此处为第一学期结束后，Steve显得很冷淡(distant)。‎ ‎6．A.encouraged B．interested C．embarrassed D．inspired 答案与解析： B　根据上文“But after the first term was over，Steve seemed __5__”的提示可知他决定打电话给Steve，但Steve看起来对与他讲话不感兴趣(interested)。‎ ‎7．A.satisfied B．fascinated C．delighted D．confused 答案与解析：D　根据下文“He is an outsider to American culture. He doesn't understand the way Americans view __8__”的描述可知，此处为对此他有点困惑(confused)。‎ ‎8．A.friendship B．ownership C．scholarship D．citizenship 答案与解析：A　根据下文“Americans view the word ‘friend’ in a very __9__ way”的提示可知，此处为他不理解美国人看待友谊(friendship)的方式。‎ ‎9．A.regular B．usual C．general D．similar 答案与解析：C　根据下文“Americans have school friends, work friends, sports friends and neighborhood friends”‎ 的描述可知，美国人对待不同的人有着不同的友谊观，所以此处为美国人以非常普遍的(general)方式看待“朋友”这个词。‎ ‎10．A.taken B．based C．grown D．made 答案与解析：B　根据语境可知，这些友谊是依据(based)他们共同的兴趣(而建立起来的)。be based on... 意为“以……为依据”。‎ ‎11．A.fail B．fall C．delay D．fade 答案与解析：D　根据上文“These friendships are __10__ on common interests. When the shared activity ends”的提示可知，此处为他们的友谊可能会逐渐消失(fade)。‎ ‎12．A.changed B．managed C．arranged D．ranged 答案与解析：A　根据上文“When the shared activity ends，the friendship may __11__”的描述可知，此处为现在他们不再是同学了，他们的友谊也变了(changed)。‎ ‎13．A.recent B．instant C．strong D．final 答案与解析：C　根据下文“American __16__ is one of those that change rapidly”的提示可知，美国人对待友谊的观点不同于其他文化，所以此处为在一些文化中，友谊意味着两个人之间牢固的(strong)终生的纽带。‎ ‎14．A.creatures B．cultures C．lectures D．pictures 答案与解析：B　根据上文中的“In some cultures friendship means a(n)．.. two people”可知，此处为原词复现，所以此处为在这些文化(cultures)中，友谊发展得很缓慢。‎ ‎15．A goodness B．happiness C．brightness D．friendliness 答案与解析：D　根据语境可知，但是美国人的友好(friendliness)并不总是真正的友谊。‎ ‎16．A.society B．activity C．authority D．quantity 答案与解析：A　根据下文“Studies show that one out of five American __17__ moves every year”的提示可知，这是一个社会问题，所以此处为美国社会(society)是一个快速变化的社会。‎ ‎17．A.apartments B．houses C．families D．departments 答案与解析：C　根据上文“American __16__ is one of those that ‎ change rapidly”的提示可知，此处为研究表明，每年有五分之一的美国家庭(families) 搬家。‎ ‎18．A.participants B．strangers C．colleagues D．members 答案与解析：B　根据上文“People from the United States may at first seem friendly”的提示可知，此处为美国人常常很容易与陌生人(strangers)聊天。‎ ‎19．A.offence B．forests C．prejudice D．hobbies 答案与解析：D　根据上文中的“Americans often chat easily with __18__”可知，此处为美国人会与这些陌生人交流他们的家庭、爱好(hobbies)及工作信息。‎ ‎20．A.develop B．flow C．disappear D．revolve 答案与解析：A　根据上文“Americans often chat... and work”以及下文“and they may change just as quickly”的提示可知，美国人的友谊发展得很快，变化得也很快。‎ Ⅲ.语法填空 ‎[2019·昆明高三摸底调研]The Silk Road was a passage for the transportation of silk in ancient times. Lots of relics on the road can still __1__ (see) now. From the relics, tourists can see the outline of the ancient metropolitan (大都会的) areas along __2__ fantastic road. In the tour packages, tourists can imagine __3__ (they) to be ancient merchants by riding camels in deserts.‎ The Silk Road is a long route, __4__ Xi'an in the east to Gansu and Xinjiang in the west. If it is your first trip to China, we __5__ (sincere) suggest you should spend at least ten days visiting Beijing, Xi'an, Dunhuang, Urumqi and Kashi. You could get to know about the history of China and experience __6__ (color) scenery along the Silk Road.‎ If you are an __7__ (experience) traveler wanting to explore China fully, it is recommended __8__ you should travel to Dunhuang, Zhangye, Jiayuguan, Turpan, Kashi and Urumqi to follow the footprint of Marco Polo. This route may take about 15 days. If you have only a oneweek holiday, the __9__ (choose) of three most famous cities will be fit for you.‎ Along the Silk Road route, Xi'an and Gansu are suitable to visit all year round. The best time __10__ (visit) Xinjiang is from May to October because the weather is mild.‎ 体裁：说明文　题材：历史文化　主题：丝绸之路 ‎【语篇解读】　本文作者介绍了中国的“丝绸之路”‎ ‎，为新老游客提出了游览建议。‎ ‎1．答案与解析：be seen　考查被动语态。句子的主语是Lots of relics，与谓语动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；前面有情态动词can，所以填be seen。‎ ‎2．答案与解析：the　考查冠词。上文已经提到了丝绸之路，此处再次提到，表示特指，要用定冠词，所以填the。‎ ‎3．答案与解析：themselves　考查反身代词。本句表达的意思是“通过在沙漠中骑骆驼，游客们可以把他们自己想象成古代的商人”，所以要用反身代词。‎ ‎4．答案与解析：from　考查介词。此处表达的是“从东部的西安到西部的甘肃和新疆”，表达“从……到……”要用介词短语from... to...。‎ ‎5．答案与解析：sincerely　考查副词。修饰动词suggest要用副词，所以填sincerely。‎ ‎6．答案与解析：colorful　考查形容词。修饰名词scenery，要用形容词来作定语，所以填colorful。‎ ‎7．答案与解析：experienced　考查形容词。根据空后的traveler可知，空处应用形容词，表示“有经验的”，故填experienced。‎ ‎8．答案与解析：that　考查主语从句。本句为“It is recommended＋that从句”结构，it为形式主语，that从句为真正的主语。‎ ‎9．答案与解析：choice　考查名词。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的of可知，空处应填名词，所以空处要用choice。‎ ‎10．答案与解析：to visit　考查非谓语动词。the best time to do sth.的意思是“做某事的最好的时间”，其中的动词不定式作后置定语，修饰前面的the best time，所以填to visit。‎