【英语】山东省济南市2020届高三统一第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

【英语】山东省济南市2020届高三统一第一次模拟考试试题（解析版）

山东省济南市2020届高三统一第一次模拟考试英语试题 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ 第一节（共15小题;每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）‎ 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。‎ A If you want to learn why everything is usually cheaper, and what items are the best deals at your local or chain dollar or discount store, store employees have a lot of useful information. They tend to know what shoppers want — even before shoppers know themselves.‎ Everyone buys unnecessary things Whether you shop at a chain dollar store such as Dollar Tree, Family Dollar or your local 99 cents store, not everything that’s on sale is necessarily worth purchasing. Bryan Waring, a former Dollar Tree employee, says that you’re not alone in buying more than necessary from these stores. “It seems basic, but everyone falls for this trap,” he says. “You go into a store where everything is cheap, and you walk out with things you don't need.” He suggests going into a store — yes, even the dollar store — with a checklist of things you truly need.‎ Everything is cheaper after the holiday season Patricia, a seasonal worker at a Dollar Tree, says that the post-Christmas season means even more deals on everything from decorations to sweets. “After Christmas, all the gift wrap paper went to 50 cents, and all Christmas items were half price,” she says. “Even candy bars are 89 cents versus $ 1.”‎ Products are less expensive because of their size In order for dollar stores to keep their prices low, product sizes are usually smaller than normal, according to Cheapism. Dollar stores area t the only ones guilty of this trick. Cheapism also reports Walmart is guilty of doing the same thing to attract customers.‎ ‎1. What is Bryan’s advice against buying unnecessary things?‎ A. Making a purchase alone.‎ B. Writing a to-buy list ahead.‎ C. Shopping at your local store.‎ D. Buying basic things separately.‎ ‎2. Which of the following is a better time for shopping according to Patricia?‎ A. In the Christmas sales.‎ B. At a particular discount.‎ C. After the Christmas season.‎ D. During some holiday seasons.‎ ‎3. How do stores make their products cheaper?‎ A. By reducing product sizes.‎ B. By lowering product costs.‎ C. By adopting discount strategies.‎ D. By attracting more customers.‎ B It was just a normal day for Ruth Miller, a 63-year-old woman until everything went horribly wrong. She was walking to her car after shopping when the unthinkable happened.‎ Right as she was unlocking her car, a man quickly came up behind her and tried to wrestle her purse away. She was in shock. Luckily she remembered she had her Safe Personal Alarm (SPA) on her purse, and since she was too scared to scream for help, she quickly reached for the alarm and pulled the pin (保险栓). Immediately her SPA started just screaming. The man didn't know what to do! He froze for a second, and then ran away like a bat out of hell!‎ SPA is a safety device capable of creating a 125db sound that attracts attention and scares away potential attackers. To compare, it's the same volume as a military jet during takeoff.‎ Paul Davidson, the inventor of SPA, knows all too well the type of situation that Ruth found herself in. But that's not the only type of situation that SPA helps protect against. Parents can give it to their kids as an extra means of protection. Teenagers can use it so they can feel safe walking home. Women can know it's there when they have to use the parking lot at night. “My mother, who is 76 years old, carries it around in case she falls and needs to ask people for help. I only wish I'd have thought of it earlier,” said Paul.‎ The police have been recommending SPA since it first hit the market. In fact, since its launch, SPA has been in a state, shifting between in stock to sold out nearly every other week, and it's also got tons of loyal followers worldwide.‎ ‎4. What does the underlined part “the unthinkable” in Paragraph 1 refer to?‎ A. An attempted robbery. B. A wrestling match.‎ C. An angry argument. D. A car accident.‎ ‎5. How did Ruth react to the unexpected situation?‎ A. She fought violently. B. She froze in great fear.‎ C. She cried desperately for help. D. She sounded her safety device.‎ ‎6. Why does Paul mention his mother?‎ A. To imply the elderly need more care. B. To suggest he cares about his mother.‎ C. To show SPA can be widely used. D. To make an advertisement for SPA.‎ ‎7. What can be learned from the text?‎ A. SPA is well received in the market. B. People hesitate to pay for security.‎ C. SPA was sold out in the first two weeks. D. SPA is not important in life.‎ C Like clockwork, nearly every fourth February includes one extra day. February 29th, otherwise known as Leap Day, isn’t exactly a holiday. Instead, it’s there to keep your calendar consistent with the earth’s rotation (旋转) around the sun.‎ According to History, com, Roman emperor Julius Caesar is the “father” of Leap Year. Until he came along, people used a 355-day calendar, which was 10.25 days shorter than the solar year. Roman officials were supposed add an extra month every now and then to keep the seasons exactly where they should be. But that didn’t work out all that well. When special occasions started shifting into different seasons around 45 BCE, Caesar consulted with astronomers and decreed (下令) that the empire should use a 12-month, 365-day calendar, which he named after himself, Caesar’s Julian calendar included a Leap Day every four years.‎ Though Leap Day keeps your calendar in line with the earth’s rotation around the sun, it causes a different kind of problem for leapsters. When should these February 29th babies celebrate their birthdays during the other three-quarters of their lives? Some party on February 28th, while others prefer a two-day celebration that spans the last day of February and the first day of March.‎ Leap Day can be a nuisance in the legal system. In 2006, a court in Massachusetts was deciding whether criminal John Melo could be released a day early since his 10-year sentence included a Leap Day. In the case, the judge decided that since the man was sentenced to prison for years, not days. Leap Day didn’t make a bit of difference.‎ Though a few timekeepers have pushed for calendars that don’t include Leap Day, almost all astronomers and societies agree that Leap Day is the best method to keep the calendar on track.‎ ‎8. Why was Leap Day created?‎ A. To celebrate special occasions. B. To honor Emperor Julius Caesar.‎ C. To keep pace with the solar year. D. To keep track of all the seasons.‎ ‎9. What is the problem with the birthday celebration of February 29th babies?‎ A. It is sometimes delayed. B. It lasts at least two days.‎ C. It has to be held every other year. D. It may take place on different dates.‎ ‎10. What does the underlined word “nuisance” in Paragraph 4 mean?‎ A. Joke. B. Topic.‎ C. Trouble. D. Mistake.‎ ‎11. What is the attitude of most astronomers towards Leap Day?‎ A. Critical. B. Supportive.‎ C. Doubtful. D. Cautious.‎ D Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand. The traffic light system works just like this: Green means no bacteria or a low concentration of bacteria, yellow means drug-sensitive (DS) bacteria responsive to standard antibiotics (抗生素) and causes antibiotic release, and red means drug-resistant (DR) bacteria that need extra help to be wiped out.‎ In testing the bandage on mice, the research team was able to successfully treat both DS and DR infections using the new method. However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments. Moreover, the abuse of antibiotics causes the accelerated process of bacterial resistance.‎ It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations. Treatment doesn’t have to wait for a doctor to make a diagnosis, and the bandage can get the right sort of drugs applied at the earliest opportunity. What’s more, the person wearing the bandage gets real-time feedback on what’s happening with the infection, if there’s an infection at all. The researchers say it offers numerous benefits over existing treatments that make use of light,‎ ‎ including photodynamic therapy or PDT.‎ We’ve been seeing quite a few upgrades to the traditional bandage in recent years, thanks to advances in science — like the nanofiber mesh that attracts bacteria and draws some of it out, speeding up the healing process. Then there’s the novel bandage for treating burns, which stops bacteria from multiplying and lowers the risk of infection.‎ The more work that a bandage can do while it’s protecting a wound, the better. Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we've got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.‎ ‎12. What is the smart bandage mainly designed to do?‎ A. Avoid the use of antibiotics. B. Clear out harmful bacteria.‎ C. Detect bacterial infections. D. Increase treatment options.‎ ‎13. What is the advantage of the smart bandage?‎ A. It saves much time and cost. B. It removes the risk of infection.‎ C. It prevents the bacterial resistance. D. It improves doctor-patient relationship.‎ ‎14. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?‎ A. Traditional bandages are out of use now.‎ B. More smart bandages will be developed.‎ C. Progress in science calls for more research.‎ D. People are urged to study medical science.‎ ‎15. What does the text focus on?‎ A. A successful test on mice. B. A colour-changing bandage.‎ C. Sensing drug-resistant bacteria. D. Preventing abuse of antibiotics.‎ 第二节（共5小题;每小题2. 5分，满分12. 5分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为 多余选项。‎ Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art. Few businesses can run nowadays without computers. ___16___ Researchers from Princeton University conducted a study to demonstrate the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes on a lecture. ___17___ Participants were tested on the material 30 minutes after the lecture and again a week later. And handwriting emerged as the champion.‎ ‎___18___ The typers had a significant edge when it came to note-taking efficiency. The typers could copy down significantly many more words than the writers, sometimes even transcribing the contents of the lecture word-for-word.‎ But while more of the lecture's content was retained (保留) on paper when typing, it wasn’t necessarily retained in participants’ heads. ___19___ On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typers and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typers fell behind when it came to more conceptual questions.‎ As for the later quiz, the results were similar. Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas. ___20___‎ A. The tests that the participants took proved this.‎ B. The efficiency of handwriting might best benefit you.‎ C. That’s not to say that typing doesn't have its benefits.‎ D. In this study, the laptops were only used to take notes.‎ E. Generally speaking, typing also has its own disadvantages.‎ F. But what are we losing as handwriting loses its significance in society?‎ G. Clearly, writing by hand is one of the things that can make you smarter.‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ 第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。‎ As the temperature approached as high as ‎90 °F last July 4th, three police officers went into a Foods Market to get something ___21___ to drink. Once inside, they were asked by a security guard to help with a ___22___ woman. The woman in question was obviously ___23___, and her cheeks were wet with tears. The officers looked inside her bag. All they saw were containers of ___24___.‎ ‎“I’m hungry,” she explained ___25___. Caught red-handed, the woman no doubt expected to be treated as a ___26___. But the police had other ___27___. “We’ll pay for her food.” One of them told the ___28___ security guard. She would not be ___29___.‎ Drying her wet _____30_____, the woman repeated, “Thank you, thank you.” She wasn’t the ‎ only one touched by this act of _____31_____. Customers at the store were so impressed by what they’d _____32_____ that some even posted a photo on Twitter. _____33_____, attention was never what the officers sought. They were _____34_____ by a far more common emotion. When we look at someone’s face and see that they need you, it’s pretty _____35_____ as a human being to walk away from something like this.‎ ‎21. A. safe B. sweet C. clean D. cold ‎22. A. wounded B. suspected C. reported D. wronged ‎23. A. scared B. disappointed C. puzzled D. annoyed ‎24. A. clothes B. medicine C. toys D. food ‎25. A. politely B. loudly C. seriously D. helplessly ‎26. A. thief B. beggar C. victim D. customer ‎27. A. facts B. secrets C. ideas D. reasons ‎28. A. rude B. surprised C. patient D. embarrassed ‎29. A. arrested B. employed C. kept D. doubted ‎30. A. bag B. hands C. packet D. cheeks ‎31. A. caution B. sympathy C. justice D. faith ‎32. A. ignored B. expected C. witnessed D. recognized ‎33. A. However B. Therefore C. Besides D. Instead ‎34. A. attracted B. controlled C. required D. driven ‎35. A. typical B. amazing C. difficult D. silly 第二节(共10小题;每小题1. 5分，满分15分)‎ 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。‎ The wildfires in Australia became considerably worse in January, 2020. The disaster faced by ___36___country is far from over. Many of the fires ___37___ (send) smoke high into the atmosphere and some smoke turned into pyrocumulonimbus clouds. The clouds can help a fire draw in more air and shift surface winds, ___38___ (result) in fire tornadoes (龙卷风). Fires have destroyed habitats for animals that ___39___(find) only in Australia, including koalas and rare birds. It will take time to fully know how much harm the fires have done ___40___ wildlife. The wildfires are expected ___41___ (continue) burning for months as Australia entered its dry season.‎ This past year, 2019, is the hottest and driest year on record. Fires happen ___42___(regular) ‎ during the Australian dry season. However, climate and natural changes are making the situation ___43___ (bad). At least 12 million acres have been burned so far in Victoria and New South Wales alone. Smoke from the fires has made ___44___to South America. There is so much smoke that it may stay in the air for months ____45____ could have a small effect on the planet’s climate.‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎46.假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank来信询问你的寒假生活情况。请根据以下要点给他回信：‎ ‎1. 由于冠状病毒病爆发，假期被迫延长；‎ ‎2. 寒假生活（在线上课、读书、锻炼身体等）；‎ ‎3. 期盼开学。‎ 注意：‎ ‎1. 词数80左右；‎ ‎2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；‎ ‎3. 信的开头已为你写好。‎ 参考词汇：冠状病毒病COVID-19‎ Dear Frank,‎ ‎_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎ 第二节（满分25分）‎ ‎47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数为150左右。‎ Arthur was messy. He didn’t try to make messes, but he didn’t try to clean up much, either. There were always small pieces of food on the table when he was done eating. His socks never made it into the hamper (洗衣篮). And he only picked up his toys when Mom threatened to throw them away. Most days, Mom followed Arthur around the house and cleaned up after him. She ‎ brushed the crumbs (碎屑) into her hand and threw them away after meals. She picked up his socks and made sure they got washed, dried and folded neatly before going back in the drawer. She often picked up his toys when he left them to do something else.‎ One day, Mom asked Arthur to pick up his toy trains. “Not right now,” Arthur said. He was reading a comic book. The trains had been on the living room floor since the morning.‎ ‎“You know what, Arthur? I’m not going to ask you again. I’m done cleaning today.” And with that. Mom put her feet up on the sofa and picked up a book to read.‎ At dinner time, Arthur noticed that there was a big pile of crumbs at his place at the table. Mom’s spot was nice and clean. Arthur didn’t like the crumbs very much. After dinner, Arthur’s feet felt cold. He went to his room and opened his drawer, but the drawer was empty. “Mom, where are my socks?” Arthur called.‎ ‎“There weren’t any socks in your hamper, so I didn’t wash them,” Mom said. Arthur felt unhappy. Now his feet would be cold, unless he wanted to wear dirty socks from the floor. He decided to stay barefoot.‎ When it was time for bed, Arthur said good night to Mom and turned to go upstairs. Arthur stepped right on his toy train in his bare feet. “Ouch!” cried Arthur. “That really hurt!”‎ Paragraph 1: ‎ However Mom was still reading and said nothing. __________________________________‎ ‎____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ Paragraph 2: ‎ ‎“Mom?” said Arthur. “Tomorrow can you show me how to do the washing so I can wash my socks?”_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案解析】‎ 第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）‎ ‎【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要是一些商店店员就如何购物提出的一些建议。‎ ‎【1题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中He suggests going into a store — yes, even the dollar store — with a checklist of things you truly need.可知，他建议去商店——是的，即使是一元店——带着你真正需要的东西的清单。由此可知，对于不要买不必要的东西，Bryan建议提前写一份购买清单。故选B。‎ ‎【2题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中“After Christmas, all the gift wrap paper went to 50 cents, and all Christmas items were half price,” she says.可知，她说：“圣诞节过后，所有的礼品包装纸都卖到了50美分，所有的圣诞礼物都是半价。”由此可知，Patricia认为圣诞节之后购物比较好。故选C。‎ ‎【3题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据最后一段中In order for dollar stores to keep their prices low, product sizes are usually smaller than normal, according to Cheapism.可知，根据Cheapism的说法，为了让一元商店保持低价格，产品尺寸通常比正常情况下要小。由此可知，商店通过缩小产品尺寸使他们的产品更便宜。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章以Ruth差点被人抢劫为例子，介绍了SPA这种安全装置，可以发出125分贝的声音，吸引注意力，吓跑潜在的攻击者。SPA可以广泛应用，而且非常受欢迎。‎ ‎【4题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文Right as she was unlocking her car, a man quickly came up behind her and tried to wrestle her purse away. She was in shock.可知，就在她打开车门的时候，一个男人迅速地从她后面过来，试图抢走她的钱包。她震惊了。后来Ruth按响了警报器，男人 被吓跑了。由此可知，划线短语指的是“一次抢劫未遂”。故选A。‎ ‎【5题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中Luckily she remembered she had her Safe Personal Alarm (SPA) on her purse, and since she was too scared to scream for help, she quickly reached for the alarm and pulled the pin.可知，幸运是，她记得她的钱包上有她的安全个人警报器，由于她太害怕了，不敢大声呼救，她迅速伸手去拿警报器，拔下了保险栓。由此可知，对这个意外的情况，Ruth按响了她的安全装置。故选D。‎ ‎【6题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Parents can give it to their kids as an extra means of protection. Teenagers can use it so they can feel safe walking home. Women can know it's there when they have to use the parking lot at night.可知，父母可以把它给孩子作为额外的保护手段。青少年可以使用它，这样他们在回家的路上会感到安全。女人在晚上不得不使用停车场的时候就知道它的存在。由此可推知，Paul提到他的母亲是为了说明SPA可以广泛应用。故选C。‎ ‎【7题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中In fact, since its launch, SPA has been in a state, shifting between in stock to sold out nearly every other week, and it’s also got tons of loyal followers worldwide.可知，事实上，自推出以来，SPA一直处于一种几乎每隔一周就会换一次货状态，而且它在世界各地也有大量的忠实粉丝。由此推知，SPA在市场上很受欢迎。故选A。‎ ‎【答案】8. C 9. D 10. C 11. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了‎2月29日，也被称为闰日，并不是一个真正的节日。相反，设立闰日是为了与太阳年保持同步。文章说明了设立闰日的起源，以及给人们日常生活所带来的一些影响。‎ ‎【8题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Instead, it’s there to keep your calendar consistent with the earth’s rotation around the sun.可知，相反，它的存在是为了让你的日历与地球围绕太阳的自转保持一致。由此可知，设立闰日是为了与太阳年保持同步。故选C。‎ ‎【9题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第三段中Some party on February 28th, while others prefer a two-day celebration that spans the last day of February and the first day of March.可知，一些人在‎2月28日举行聚会，而另一些人则喜欢在2月的最后一天和3月的第一天举行为期两天的庆祝活动。由此可知，‎2月29日婴儿的生日庆祝可能发生在不同的日期。故选D。‎ ‎【10题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据后文In 2006, a court in Massachusetts was deciding whether criminal John Melo could be released a day early since his 10-year sentence included a Leap Day. In the case, the judge decided that since the man was sentenced to prison for years, not days.可知，2006年，马萨诸塞州的一家法院决定是否提前一天释放罪犯John Melo，因为他的10年刑期包括闰日。在这起案件中，法官判定，由于这名男子被判入狱按年计算，而不是按天。由此可知，在法律体系中，闰日可能是个麻烦事。划线单词意思为“麻烦”。故选C。‎ ‎【11题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段Though a few timekeepers have pushed for calendars that don’t include Leap Day, almost all astronomers and societies agree that Leap Day is the best method to keep the calendar on track.可知，虽然有少数计时员力推不包括闰日的日历，但几乎所有的天文学家和社会团体都认为，闰日是让日历走上正轨的最佳方法。由此可推知，大多数天文学家认为闰日很重要。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 ‎①定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或that’s to say, such as等。‎ ‎②逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。‎ ‎③语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。‎ ‎④语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。‎ ‎⑤指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。‎ 如第10小题，根据后文In 2006, a court in Massachusetts was deciding whether criminal John Melo could be released a day early since his 10-year sentence included a Leap Day. In the case, the judge decided that since the man was sentenced to prison for years, not days.可知，2006年，马萨诸塞州的一家法院决定是否提前一天释放罪犯John Melo，因为他的10年刑期包括闰日。在这起案件中，法官判定，由于这名男子被判入狱按年计算，而不是按天。由此可知，在法律体系中，闰日可能是个麻烦事。划线单词意思为“麻烦”。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】12. C 13. A 14. B 15. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。文章说明了这种绷带的优势以及预测未来的发展。‎ ‎【12题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。由此可知，智能绷带的主要功能是检测细菌感染。故选C。‎ ‎【13题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段中However, the common methods of sensing resistance are limited by time, the requirement for professional personnel, and expensive instruments.可知，然而，常用的电阻检测方法受到时间、专业人员的要求和昂贵仪器的限制。以及第三段第一句It’s easy to see how a simple bandage and light could overcome some of these limitations.可知，很容易看出一个简单的绷带和光可以克服这些限制。由此可知，智能绷带的优点是节省了很多时间和成本。故选A。‎ ‎【14题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据最后一段中Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.可知，改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知，更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。‎ ‎【15题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第一段中Scientists have developed a new type of smart bandage (绷带) that can signal the type of bacterial (细菌的) infection it’s protecting, just like a traffic light, as well as release the right type of drugs on demand.可知，科学家们已经开发出一种新型的智能绷带，它可以像交通灯一样显示出它所保护的细菌感染类型，并根据需要释放出正确的药物类型。结合文章还说明了这种绷带的优势和未来的发展趋势。由此可推知，文章的重点是变色绷带。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】隐含意义推理判断题。这类题的题干中常含有：infer/suggest/imply/conclude/intend/purpose/be likely to等标志性词语。解决这类问题时要理解文章潜在的含义和作者所给的提示。同时，要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作出合理的猜测和推断。‎ 如第14小题，根据最后一段中Efforts to improve bandages continue and now we’ve got a bandage that not only releases antibiotics, but also tells the patient exactly what’s going on too.可知，改进绷带的努力仍在继续，现在我们有了一种绷带，不仅能释放抗生素，还能告诉病人到底发生了什么。由此可推知，更多的智能绷带将被开发。故选B。‎ ‎【答案】16. F 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. G ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。书法正迅速成为一种濒临消亡的艺术。现在没有计算机几乎没有企业能经营。而普林斯顿大学的研究人员进行了一项研究，以证明在课堂上写笔记和打笔记的学生之间的区别。研究发现打字者并不一定能记住课堂内容，而手写笔记的学生仍然能够记住并理解讲课的概念，对理解新思想也更开放。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 根据上文Handwriting is quickly becoming a dying art. Few businesses can run nowadays without computers.可知，书法正迅速成为一种濒临消亡的艺术。现在没有计算机几乎没有企业能经营。由此可知，本句承接上文说明书法在社会中的消失引发人们反思，故F选项“但是，随着书法在社会中的重要性消失，我们又失去了什么呢？”符合上下文语境，故选F。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 根据上文Researchers from Princeton University conducted a study to demonstrate the differences between students who wrote out their notes and those who typed notes on a lecture.‎ 可知，普林斯顿大学的研究人员进行了一项研究，以证明在课堂上写笔记和打笔记的学生之间的区别。由此可知，笔记本电脑打出笔记和手写笔记在进行研究，为了证明二者之间的区别，笔记本电脑应当是只能用来打字，才能凸显出二者的区别。故D选项“在这项研究中，笔记本电脑只是用来做笔记”符合上下文语境，故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 根据后文The typers had a significant edge when it came to note-taking efficiency.可知，打字员在记笔记效率方面有明显的优势。由此可知，本段是在说明打字的好处。故C选项“这并不是说打字没有好处”符合上下文语境，故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 根据后文On the test 30 minutes after the lecture, typers and writers did more or less equally well on questions about the basic facts of the lecture, but typers fell behind when it came to more conceptual questions.可知，在讲座结束后30分钟的测试中，打字者和写作者在关于讲座基本内容的问题上表现得差不多，但在更概念化的问题上，打字者就落后了。由此可知，参与的测试者证明了上文“打字者的大脑不一定能记住课堂上的内容”这一观点。故A选项“参与者参加的测试证明了这一点”符合上下文语境，故选A。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 根据上文Students with handwritten notes were able to remember and still understand the concepts of the lecture after a week had passed. These participants were also more open to understanding new ideas.可知，一个星期过去了，手写笔记的学生仍然能够记住并理解讲课的概念。这些参与者对理解新思想也更开放。由此可知，本句在进行总结，论述手写可以让人头脑更聪明。故G选项“显然，手写可以让你变得更聪明”符合上下文语境，故选G。‎ 第二部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）‎ ‎【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. C ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要记叙了三名警察为一位因为饥饿而在商店里偷窃食物的妇女付钱的故事。他们的行为使女士和在场的顾客都深受感动。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：去年7月4日，当气温接近华氏90度时，三名警察进入一个食品市场去拿一些冷的饮料。A. safe安全的；B. sweet甜的；C. clean干净的；D. cold寒冷的。根据上文as high as ‎90 °F可知，天气很热，他们进来拿一些冷饮。故选D。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一进去，一名保安要求他们帮助处理一名有嫌疑的妇女。A. wounded受伤的；B. suspected有嫌疑的；C. reported报告的；D. wronged被冤枉的。根据后文警察在妇女包里看到了食物可知，这名妇女有偷窃的嫌疑。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那个女人显然很害怕，她的脸颊被泪水打湿了。A. scared害怕的；B. disappointed失望的；C. puzzled困惑的；D. annoyed恼怒的。根据后文her cheeks were wet with tears.可知，女人很害怕。故选A。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们看到的不过是盛着食物的容器。A. clothes衣服；B. medicine药物；C. toys玩具；D. food食物。根据后文We'll pay for her food.可知，女人包里装的是她拿的食物。故选D。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我饿了，”她无可奈何地解释说。A. politely礼貌地；B. loudly大声地；C. seriously严肃地；D. helplessly无助地。根据上文 “I’m hungry,” she explained.可知，女人饿了，没办法才去偷窃，因此很无助地解释说。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：那个女人被当场抓住，无疑会被当作小偷对待。A. thief小偷；B. beggar乞丐；C. victim受害者；D. customer顾客。女人拿东西被当场抓住，肯定会被当做小偷。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但警方另有想法。A. facts事实；B. secrets秘密；C. ideas想法；D. reasons理由。结合后文警察为她付钱可知，警方另有其他的想法。故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：其中一人告诉了吃惊的保安。A. rude粗鲁的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. patient耐心的；D. embarrassed尴尬的。保安没想到警察会为她付钱，因此很吃惊。故选B。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她不会被逮捕。A. arrested逮捕；B. employed雇用；C. kept保持；D. doubted怀疑。警察为妇女拿的东西给了钱，因此她不会因为偷窃而被逮捕。故选 A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：女人擦干湿润的脸颊，重复道：“谢谢，谢谢。”A. bag包；B. hands手；C. packet小捆；D. cheeks脸颊。根据上文her cheeks were wet with tears.可知，此处指擦干了湿润的脸颊。故选D。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她并不是唯一一个被这种同情行为感动的人。A. caution小心；B. sympathy同情；C. justice司法；D. faith信仰。根据上文可知，警察是出于同情为饥饿的妇女付了钱。故选B。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：商店里顾客对他们所看到的景象印象深刻，有些人甚至在推特上发布了一张照片。A. ignored忽视；B. expected预料；C. witnessed目击；D. recognized辨认。根据上文Customers at the store可知，当时在商店里的顾客被他们所目击到的景象留下了深刻印象。故选C。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。 句意：然而，警察们从来就不想引起注意。A. However然而；B. Therefore因此；C. Besides而且；D. Instead而不是。根据上下文语境可知，此处为转折关系。故选A。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们被一种更为普遍的情感所驱使。A. attracted吸引；B. controlled控制；C. required要求；D. driven驾驶，驱使。警察的行为是受到一种帮助有困难的人的人之常情的驱使。其它选项不符合语境。故选D。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我们看着别人的脸，看到他们需要你的时候，作为一个人，很难从这样的事情中抽身而去。A. typical典型的；B. amazing令人惊异的；C. difficult困难的；D. silly愚蠢的。面对有人需要你的帮助，作为一个人，会很难从这样的事情中抽身离去。其它选项不符合语境。故选C。‎ ‎【答案】36. the 37. sent 38. resulting 39. are found 40. to 41. to continue 42. regularly 43. worse 44. it 45. which ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。澳大利亚的森林大火在2020年1月变得更加严重，同时火灾产生的烟雾又引发了火灾龙卷风。文章说明了这次大火对澳大利亚的破坏和影响。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 考查冠词。country为可数名词，此处特指上文Australia，应用定冠词。故填the。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。根据后文and some smoke turned into pyro cumulonimbus clouds.可知，此处应用一般过去时，主语与谓语动词构成主动关系。故填sent。‎ ‎【38题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。分析句子成分可知，result在句中作非谓语动词，且与逻辑主语clouds构成主动关系，故应用现在分词。故填resulting。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 考查动词时态及语态。本句主语animals与谓语动词构成被动关系，且描述客观事实应用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词应用复数。故填are found。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 考查介词。句意：要完全了解火灾对野生动物造成了多大的伤害还需要时间。结合句意表示“对于”应用介词to。故填to。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 考查非谓语动词。根据短语be expected to do sth.表示“被期望做某事”，后跟不定式。故填to continue。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 考查副词。修饰动词happen，应用副词regularly，表示“频繁地”。故填regularly。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 考查比较级。句意：然而，气候和自然变化使情况变得更糟。结合句意表示“更遭”应用比较级形式。故填worse。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 考查代词。根据短语make it to表示“到达”。故填it。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 考查定语从句。句意：烟雾如此之多，可能会在空气中停留数月之久，这可能会对地球的气候产生很小的影响。此处为非限定性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句中的关系词选择，可考虑以下几点：‎ ‎1、看清楚先行词的意义，就是理清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点、原因。指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等等。‎ ‎2、看清楚关系词的句法功能，就是理清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等等。作定语通常用whose，有时也用which。作状语要用when, where, why。‎ ‎3、看清楚定语从句的种类，就是理清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句。that、why通常不引导非限制性定语从句。 ‎ ‎4、看清楚文体，就是理清是正式文体，还是非正式文体。是书面语体还是口语体。‎ 如第45小题，句意：烟雾如此之多，可能会在空气中停留数月之久，这可能会对地球的气候产生很小的影响。此处为非限定性定语从句，修饰上文整个句子，且从句中缺少主语，故用关系代词which。故填which。‎ 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)‎ 第一节(满分15分)‎ ‎【答案】Dear Frank,‎ ‎ With grateful thanks, I’m writing to extend my sincere appreciation for all you care and concern.‎ The winter vacation was extended because of the outbreak of coronavirus. As for us students, thanks to the online communication apps, we interact with our teacher through live-streaming classes, but the prolonged screen time takes a heavy toll on my eyes, so I’ve come up with creative indoors relaxions such as reading and taking exercise to keep up my health.‎ I’m definitely convinced that with joint efforts of the whole nation, China will win the battle and make a quick recovery. At the same time, I am looking forward to going to school early.‎ Yours,‎ Li Hua ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇提纲类写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Frank来信询问你的寒假生活情况。请根据以下要点给他回信：1. 由于冠状病毒病爆发，假期被迫延长；2. 寒假生活（在线上课、读书、锻炼身体等）；3. 期盼开学。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：extend my sincere appreciation (表达诚挚的感谢)；because of (因为)；as for (至于)；thanks to (由于)；interact with (相互沟通)等。 ‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时和一般将来时。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如As for us students, thanks to the online communication apps, we interact with our teacher through live-streaming classes, but the prolonged screen time takes a heavy toll on my eyes, so I’ve come up with creative indoors relaxions such as reading and taking exercise to keep up my health.非谓语动词的运用；I’m definitely convinced that with joint efforts of the whole nation, China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.运用了宾语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎ 第二节（满分25分）‎ ‎【答案】Paragraph 1‎ However, Mom was still reading and said nothing. Arthur wasn’t sure if she had heard him or not so he called for help again, but still Mom didn’t come. Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment. He quietly picked up the toy train and put it in the box. It only took a minute for him to put the toy away, and now he wouldn’t have to worry about hurting his feet again.‎ Paragraph 2‎ ‎“Mom?” said Arthur. “Tomorrow can you show me how to do the laundry so I can wash my socks?” “Of course,” said Mom. “It’s nice to see you begin to learn to take care of yourself. I am always here to do whatever I can to help you become a more independent boy.” Arthur felt better. He didn’t want to wait until the next laundry day to have clean socks again. Maybe being neat wasn’t so hard after all.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读后续写作文。‎ ‎【详解】通过阅读所给文章可知，Arthur是个不爱整洁的男孩，尽管妈妈说了他很多次，他也不改正，妈妈总是跟在他后面为他整理东西，直到有一天妈妈下定决心要惩罚Arthur，于是不再给他整理东西了。Arthur找不到自己的东西，没有袜子穿，脚还踩到自己乱丢的东西上弄疼了。‎ 续写部分分为两段，第一段开头是：然而，妈妈仍然在看书，什么也没说。所以后文应该是讲述Arthur意识到必须自己整理自己的东西了，他悄悄地拿起玩具火车，把它放进箱子里。他只花了一分钟就把玩具收起来了，现在他再也不用担心自己的脚受伤了。第二段开头是：“妈妈？”Arthur说。“明天你能教我怎么洗吗？这样我就能洗我的袜子了。”本段应该写Arthur决心自己洗衣服，妈妈也很高兴他的改变，决定帮助他成为一个更独立的男孩。‎ 最后还要注意所续写短文的词数应为150左右。‎ ‎【点睛】本文描写详略得当，使用了高级词汇和高级句子。如：call for, pick up, worry about, take care of, after all等高级词汇；宾语从句Arthur wasn’t sure if she had heard him or not so he called for help again, but still Mom didn’t come.强调句Then Arthur realized maybe it was he that could solve his problem at that very moment.等高级句式。‎