江苏省常熟中学2020届高三上学期期初调研英语试题

江苏省常熟中学2020届高三上学期期初调研英语试题

‎2019～2020学年第一学期高三期初调研试卷 英语试题 注意事项：‎ ‎1. 本试分为第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题），满分120分，考试时间120分钟；‎ ‎2. 请将第一卷的答案涂在答题卡上，第二卷请直接在答题卡上规定的地方作答。答题前，务必自己的学校、名、考试号等相关信息写在答题卡上規定的地方。‎ 第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共85分）‎ 第一部分：听力理解（共两节，满分20分）‎ 做题时，请先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。‎ 第一节（共5小题：每小题1分，满分5分）‎ 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。‎ ‎1. What will the weather be like according to the radio?‎ A. Sunny. B. Rainy. C. Windy.‎ ‎2. Who will pay the bill?‎ A. The boss. B. Tom. C. The woman.‎ ‎3. How did the woman feel?‎ A. Nervous. B. Excited. C. Upset.‎ ‎4. What can we learn about the man?‎ A. He did well in spelling.‎ B. He couldn’t spell the words.‎ C. He was satisfied with the result ‎5. How much should the man pay for his room?‎ A. 150 pounds. B. 110 pounds. C. 100 pounds.‎ 第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。‎ 听第6段材料，回答第6和第7两个小题。‎ ‎6. What time was the plane originally scheduled to leave?‎ A. At 3:00. B. At 4:00. C. At 5:00.‎ ‎7. Why is the woman worried?‎ A. The weather is bad. B. The report is not finished. C. An appointment will be delayed 听第7段材料，回答第8和第9两个小题 ‎8. What happened to the man?‎ A. He broke a machine B. The machine owed him 25 cents.‎ C The machine owner refused to help him ‎9. What does the woman suggest the man do?‎ A. Call the police. B. Rock the machine. C. Call the number on the machine.‎ 听第8段材料，回答第10至第12题 ‎10. How is Ted's homework this time?‎ A. Very poor B. Well done. C. So-so.‎ l1. Where is Ted going now?‎ A. The gym. B. The library. C. The bookstore ‎12. What does Ted think of his teacher?‎ A. Polite. B. Generous. C. Helpful.‎ 听第9段材料，回答第13至第16题。‎ ‎13. What are the speakers mainly talking about?‎ A. What abilities to possess. B. Which professor to follow. C. What job to do in the future.‎ ‎14. What subject does the man probably prefer?‎ A. History. B. Politics. C. Art ‎15. What do the woman's parents expect her to be?‎ A. A restaurant manager. B. A politician. C. A teacher ‎16. What is the woman good at doing?‎ A Dealing with people. B. Working with kids. C. Painting pictures.‎ 听第10段材料，回答第17至第20题 ‎17. What is to be hosted on Wednesday evening?‎ A. A bake sale. B. A parent book club. C. An event to honor an artist.‎ ‎18. When does the book fair end?‎ A. On Thursday. B. On Wednesday. C. On Monday ‎19. Where will the money from the bake sale go?‎ A. A computer lab. B. The sports teams. C. The art department.‎ ‎20. What happens to the computer lab?‎ A. It will be repaired. B. It will be closed forever. C. It will be put up for sale.‎ 第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）‎ 第一节 单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）‎ 请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。‎ ‎1.As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes ______ into operation nationwide by 2025.‎ A. will have been put B. will have put C. have been put D. will be putting ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025年为止，全国将有2000多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 2025可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。‎ ‎2.Many Chinese parents are willing to spend money on camp education and study tours for their children, ______ the industry a booming market with great potential.‎ A. to make B. making C. having made D. made ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国家长愿意花钱为孩子们举办夏令营和游学活动，这使得该行业成为一个潜力巨大的蓬勃发展的市场。本句已经存在谓语动词且句中没有连词，故make只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成主谓关系，故用现在分词making。故选B。‎ ‎3.Many programmers criticized the “996 work schedule”, ______ employees work from 9 am to 9 pm, 6 days a week, with the possibility of ending up in hospital.‎ A. when B. where C. that D. what ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接词。句意：许多程序员批评“996工作计划”，即员工从早上9点工作到晚上9点，每周工作6天，最后可能会住院。本句为定语从句修饰先行词“996 work schedule”，且先行词在从句中做地点状语，故应用关系副词where。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点：‎ ‎(1)一看先行词的意义，即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom，指人时通常不用which等)‎ ‎(2)二看关系词的句法功能，即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分，是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose，有时也用which；作状语要用when, where, why)‎ ‎(3)三看定语从句的种类，即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why通常不引导非限制性定语从句)‎ ‎4.Traveling by subway ______ sometimes be quite an adventure, especially during the rush hour.‎ A. must B. can C. shall D. should ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查情态动词。句意：乘地铁旅行有时可能相当冒险，尤其是在交通高峰期。A. must必须；一定；B. can能够；可能；C. shall将会；D. should应该；应当。本句中can表示客观可能性（客观原因形成的能力），故选B。‎ ‎5.A recent survey shows that Chinese has become ______ British parents most want their children to learn.‎ A. which B. that C. why D. what ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接词。句意；最近的一项调查显示，中国人已经成为英国父母最希望孩子学习的语言。本句为宾语从句，从句中缺少宾语，指物应用what，故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】名词性从句关键在于三点：一、找准从句在主句中充当的成分即分出是名词性从句的主语句、宾语从句、表语从句还是同位语从句。二、连接词从句中充当的成分（主、宾、定或状语或不做任何成分）三、弄清楚每个连接词的意义。此外还要注意，近年来高考对于名词性从句的考查多从名词性从句的语序和连接词的用法区别上考查。‎ ‎6.The younger generation is turning its back on the traditional holiday routes of museums and shopping malls ______ adventurous experiences.‎ A. in recognition of B. in defence of C. in terms of D. in favor of ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：年轻一代正在放弃博物馆和购物中心等传统的度假路线，而选择冒险体验。A. in recognition of承认；B. in defence of保护；C. in terms of依据；按照；D. in favor of支持；赞同；选择。根据句意故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】"in + 名词 ＋ of” 短语在中学教材中有很多， 现归纳如下： ‎ ‎1. in advance of在……之先， 胜过 ‎ Galileo’s theory were in advance of the age in which he lived. 伽利略的思想超越了他所生活的时代。 ‎ ‎2. in behalf of 代表， 为了……的利益 ‎ I did all I could in behalf of my friend. 为朋友的利益， 我做了所能做的一切。 ‎ ‎3. in case of 如果……发生， 如遇到…… ‎ In case of danger, you must be calm. 如果遇到危险， 你必须镇定。 ‎ 注意： in the case of 就……来说， 至少 ‎ ‎4. in charge of 看护， 管理 ‎ He is in charge of the school. 他负责管理这所学校。 ‎ 注意： in the charge of由……管理 ‎ ‎5. in course of 正在……之中 ‎ The bridge is in course of construction. 大桥正在建设中。 ‎ 注意： in the course of 在……期间， 在……的过程中 ‎ ‎6. in consequence of ……的结果， 由于 ‎ In consequence of heating, the length of the iron bar increased. 由于受热， 铁棒的长度增加了。 ‎ ‎7. in defence of 保卫， 为……辨护 ‎ The soldiers fought bravely in defence of their country. 士兵们为保卫他们的国家英勇作战。 ‎ ‎8. in favour of 赞成， 有利于 ‎ Everyone in the class voted in favour of the musical party. 班里每个人都投票赞成开个音乐会。 ‎ ‎9. in fear of 担心， 害怕 ‎ The family that lived here fled in fear of the enemy. 住在这里的一家人因害怕敌人而逃走了。 ‎ ‎10. in front of 在……前面（范围以外） ‎ In front of the farmhouse sat a small boy. 一个小男孩坐在农舍前面。 ‎ 注意： in the front of 在……前部（范围内）‎ ‎7.She found listening to the voicemail friends had left her a great _____ in getting through the tough months.‎ A. comfort B. compromise C. commitment D. criterion ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查名词辨析。句意：她发现，听朋友们的语音留言给她带来了巨大的安慰，让她度过了艰难的几个月。A. comfort安慰；舒适；B. compromise妥协；和解；C. commitment承诺；保证；D. criterion标准。根据句意故选A。‎ ‎8.— I want to do business via online platforms like Alibaba.‎ ‎— _____ it work out, I am sure, your products may go all over the world.‎ A. Could B. Shall C. Would D. Should ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查倒装句。句意：——我想通过像阿里巴巴这样的在线平台做生意。——如果成功的话，我相信你们的产品可以销往世界各地。在虚拟条件句中，从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，if可省略，将were, had, should移到主语之前，构成部分倒装。故选D。‎ ‎【点睛】部分倒装 部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分(多为助动词或情态动词)置于主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。‎ ‎(1)表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词放在句首时要部分倒装。此类副词或连词主要有no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, not only…but also…, hardly…when…, no sooner…than…, not until…等。如：‎ ‎        Never have I seen such a performance. 我从未见过这样的表演。‎ ‎         Not until the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 直到孩子睡着了，母亲才离开房间。‎ ‎(2)当so/neither/nor位于句首时，表示“也”、“也不”，可将其后与前面重复的谓语部分置于主语之前，构成部分倒装。如：‎ ‎         Tom can speak French. So can Jack. 汤姆会说法语。杰克也可以。‎ ‎         If you won’t go, neither will I. 如果你不去，我也不去。‎ ‎(3)only修饰状语时的部分倒装 ‎“only+状语/状语从句”位于句首时，句子的主语和谓语或主句中的主语和谓语要部分倒装。如：‎ ‎   Only in this way can you learn English well. 只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。‎ ‎ Only after being asked three times did he come to the ‎ meeting. 他被问了三次才来参加会议。‎ ‎(4)在so… that…句式中，如果so位于句首，主句中的主语和谓语需部分倒装。如：‎ ‎  So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch. 他太害怕了以至于一动也不敢动。‎ ‎(5)在虚拟条件句中，从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，if可省略，将were, had, should移到主语之前，构成部分倒装。如：‎ ‎        Were I you, I would try it again. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。‎ ‎ (6)as/though引导让步状语从句时置于句首时，采用形式倒装，即把强调的内容提至句首，主谓并不倒装。如：‎ ‎①表语的倒装 ‎   Tired as/though he was, he still went on with his work. 尽管他很累，他还是继续工作。‎ ‎②谓语动词的倒装 Try as he might, he didn’t pass the exam. 尽管很用功，但他考试还是不及格。‎ ‎③状语的倒装 ‎         Much as he likes the bike, he doesn’t want to buy it. 他虽然很喜欢那辆自行车，但不想买它。‎ 注意：如果是单数名词或形容词的最高级作表语，不再用冠词。如：‎ ‎ Child as he is, he knows a lot. 尽管他是孩子，但他懂得很多。‎ ‎       Youngest as he is in our class, he speaks English the best. 他虽然是我们班年龄最小的，但英语说得最好。‎ ‎9.______ the price of food and oil hit the headline, perhaps we should be worried more about water.‎ A. Unless B. While C. As D. If ‎【答案】B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查连接词。句意：当食品和石油价格成为头条新闻时，也许我们应该更担心水。A. Unless除非；B. While当……时候；C. As因为；D. If如果。根据句意可知本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】一、while 用作连词时,有以下几种含义:‎ ‎1. 意为“当……时候”,引导时间状语从句。‎ ‎2. 意为“虽然,尽管”,引导让步状语从句。‎ ‎3. 连接两个并列句子,表示“对比”关系。‎ 二、 while 引导状语从句时,应注意以下几点:‎ ‎1. while 引导的时间状语从句既可放在句首,也可放在句末;而 while 引导的让步状语从句一般放在句首,不放在句末。另外,也可以从意义上加以区分。‎ ‎2. while 引导让步状语从句时,如果从句的主语和主句的主语相同,那么从句的主语和谓语动词 be 都可以省略。‎ ‎3. while 和 when 都可以引导时间状语从句,但应注意: while 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性的动词;而 when 引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词既可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词.当时间状语从句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时, while 和 when 可以互相替换。‎ ‎4. while 引导的状语从句还可以表示“某个动作正在进行的同时,另一个动作也在进行之中”。‎ ‎10.______ with the feedback my students had given me, I began to make a plan for the next term.‎ A. Arming B. Having armed C. Being armed D. Armed ‎【答案】D ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：根据学生给我的反馈，我开始为下学期做计划。本句中已经存在动词且句中没有连词，故arm只能做非谓语动词与逻辑主语构成被动关系，应用过去分词armed。故选D。‎ ‎11.______ teaching children how to deal with the daily stress, experts agree there’s a need to coach them in how to protect themselves.‎ A. But for B. Except for C. Apart from D. Far from ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了教孩子们如何应对日常压力，专家们也认为有必要指导他们如何保护自己。A. But for要不是；B. Except for除了；C. Apart from除……之外；D. Far from远离；完全不。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎12.It is not difficult to ______ between a person’s handwriting and that of the writing robot because the robot’s writing appears perfect.‎ A. distinguish B. polish C. abolish D. accomplish ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：区分一个人的笔迹和书写机器人的笔迹并不难，因为机器人的书写看起来很完美。A. distinguish区别；区分；B. polish抛光；擦亮；C. abolish废除；废纸；D. accomplish完成；实现。短语distinguish between“区别”。故选A。‎ ‎13.The wildlife researcher had just ______ supplies at a feeding spot when he became aware of a bear standing just about 20 meters away.‎ near the riverbank.‎ A. paid off B. showed off C. dropped off D. put off ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：这名野生动物研究人员刚刚在一个喂食点投放了一些食物，就在这时，他发现一只熊就站在离河岸大约20米远的地方。A. paid off付清；见效 B. showed off炫耀；C. dropped off放下；下降；D. put off推迟；阻止。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎14.With no shortage of gamers, China’s e-sports industry ______ needs to fill positions in roles such as management, coaching and broadcasting.‎ A. frequently B. deliberately C. desperately D. fundamentally ‎【答案】C ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：由于不乏玩家，中国的电子竞技行业迫切需要填补管理、教练和广播等职位的空缺。A. frequently频繁地；B. deliberately故意地；C. desperately极度地；D. fundamentally根本地；基础地。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎15.— Tidying up can change our lives and it will open up our life to true joy.‎ ‎—______.‎ A. I’m with you on that. B. I’d love to. C. It’s up to you. D. It’s my pleasure.‎ ‎【答案】A ‎【解析】‎ ‎【详解】考查习惯用语。句意：——整理可以改变我们的生活，它会打开我们的生活到真正的快乐。——我同意你的看法。A. I’m with you on that.我同意你的看法；B. I’d love to.非常乐意；C. It’s up to you.取决于你；由你决定；D. It’s my pleasure.乐意效劳。根据句意故选A。‎ 第二节完形填空(共20小题每小题1分，满分20分)‎ 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.‎ Clara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight when a flight attendant asked a(n) ___16___question over the loudspeaker, “Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”‎ Clara, 15 at the time ___17___ the call button. The flight attendant came by and ___18___ the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s ___19___ and deaf.” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he couldn’t ___20___ his message.‎ Clara ___21___ to have been studying ASL for the past year and knew she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s palm. So she ___22___ her seat belt and walked toward the seat of Tim Cook, then 64.‎ ‎___23___ taking his hand, she ___24___, “Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water.‎ When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third ___25___, she stopped and stayed a while.‎ ‎“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to ___26___.” Clara says.‎ So for the next hour, that’s what they did. She talked about her plans for the future. Cook told Clara___27___ he had gradually become blind over time and ___28___ stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked ___29___ at his face with such kindness,” a passenger reported, “We can see she smiled with happiness, ___30___ she made a difference in someone’s life.”‎ ‎“Clara was amazing.” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Tim was very ___31___ to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a(n) ___32___.”‎ Cook’s ___33___, “Best trip I’ve ever had.”‎ Life is a continuous learning experience. As for Clara, she said, “I’ve also learned a lot. The best thing for ___34___ is to learn something. Learning is the only thing that never ___35___.‎ ‎16. A. puzzling B. urgent C. awkward D. delicate ‎17. A. rewound B. lifted C. tied D. pressed ‎18. A. analyzed B. faced C. explained D. observed ‎19. A. ill B. blind C. homesick D. thirsty ‎20. A. get across B. get through C. get into D. get off ‎21. A. intended B. pretended C. happened D. attempted ‎22. A. unwrapped B. unfastened C. unfolded D. unpacked ‎23. A. Cautiously B. Secretly C. Gently D. Seriously ‎24. A. whispered B. signed C. asked D. repeated ‎25. A. turn B. ride C. journey D. visit ‎26. A. talk B. relax C. sleep D. cheer ‎27. A. what B. why C. how D. when ‎28. A. invented B. conveyed C. created D. shared ‎29. A. attentively B. surprisingly C. crazily D. anxiously ‎30. A. if B. because C. so D. but ‎31. A. terrified B. ashamed C. excited D. touched ‎32. A. angel B. honor C. sponsor D. interpreter ‎33. A. recreation B. relief C. reference D. reaction ‎34. A. amazement B. equality C. appreciation D. freedom ‎35. A. benefits B. discourages C. inspires D. fails ‎【答案】16. B 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. A 21. C 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. D ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述的是15岁的小女孩帮助航班乘务员与一位聋哑人用手语交流的故事，生活是一个不断学习的过程。至于克拉拉，她说，“我也学到了很多。让人惊讶的最好的事情就是学到一些东西。”学习是唯一永不失败的事情。‎ ‎【16题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Clara Daly坐在阿拉斯加航空公司的一架航班上，一名空乘人员通过扩音器问了一个紧急问题:“机上有人懂美国手语吗?”A. puzzling令人迷惑的；B. urgent紧急的；C. awkward尴尬的；D. delicate微妙的。根据下文“Does anyone on board know American Sign Language?”可知是一个紧急问题。故选B。‎ ‎【17题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当时15岁的克拉拉按下了呼叫按钮。A. rewound倒带；B. lifted举起；C. tied绑住；D. pressed按；压。根据下文the call button可知是按下呼叫按钮。故选D。‎ ‎【18题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：空服员过来解释情况。A. analyzed分析；B. faced面对；C. explained解释；D. observed观察。根据下文可知是在解释情况。故选C。‎ ‎【19题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“飞机上有一位又瞎又聋的乘客。”她说。A. ill生病的；B.‎ ‎ blind看不见的；C. homesick想家的；D. thirsty渴的。根据上文询问会不会手语可知乘客应该是聋哑人。故选B。‎ ‎【20题详解】‎ 考查动词短语辨析。句意：乘客似乎想要什么东西，但他无法把他的意思表达出来。A. get across表达；B. get through度过；C. get into进入；陷入；D. get off动身。根据句意可知选A。‎ ‎【21题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克拉拉碰巧在过去的一年里一直在学习美国手语，她知道她可以用手指在这个男人的手掌里拼出手语。A. intended意在；B. pretended假装；C. happened发生；D. attempted企图。短语happen to“碰巧”。故选C。‎ ‎【22题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：于是她解开安全带，走向64岁的蒂姆·库克的座位。A. unwrapped打开；B. unfastened解开；C. unfolded展开；D. unpacked未包装。根据下文her seat belt and walked toward可知是解开了安全带。故选B。‎ ‎【23题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地握住他的手，做了个手势:“你还好吗?”库克要了一些水。A. Cautiously慎重地；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Gently温柔地；D. Seriously严肃地。对待残疾人肯定是轻柔地。故选C。‎ ‎【24题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她轻轻地握住他的手，写道:“你还好吗?”库克要了一些水。A. whispered低声地说；B. signed写下；C. asked询问；D. repeated重复。根据上文she’d be able to finger spell into the man’s palm可知是在男人的手里写下。故选B。‎ ‎【25题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：过了一会儿她又来了，因为他想知道时间。在第三次来访时，她停了下来，停留了一会儿。A. turn转弯；B. ride乘便车；C. journey行程；D. visit来访。根据上文可知克拉拉一共往返了三次。故选D。‎ ‎【26题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“他什么也不需要。他很孤单，想和我谈谈。”克拉拉说。A. talk谈话；B. relax放松；C. sleep睡觉；D. cheer欢呼。根据下文So for the next hour, that’s what they did. She talked about her plans for the future.‎ 可知男人想要交谈。故选A。‎ ‎【27题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：库克告诉克拉拉，随着时间的推移，他如何逐渐失明的，并分享了他作为旅行推销员的经历。A. what什么；B. why为什么；C. how如何；D. when当……时候。此处表示方式“如何”，故选C。‎ ‎【28题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：库克告诉克拉拉，随着时间的推移，他逐渐失明，并分享了他作为旅行推销员的经历。A. invented发明；B. conveyed传达；C. created创造；D. shared分享。根据下文stories of his days as a traveling salesman可知是分享经历。故选D。‎ ‎【29题详解】‎ 考查副词词义辨析。句意：尽管他看不见她，但她“如此专注地注视着他的脸，”一位乘客说，“我们可以看到她幸福地微笑着，因为她改变了别人的生活。”A. attentively聚精会神地；B. surprisingly惊人地；C. crazily疯狂地；D. anxiously焦急地。根据句意故选A。‎ ‎【30题详解】‎ 考查连词辨析。句意：尽管他看不见她，但她“如此专注地注视着他的脸，”一位乘客说，“我们可以看到她幸福地微笑着，因为她改变了别人的生活。”A. if如果；B. because因为；C. so因此；D. but但是。后文为原因状语，故选B。‎ ‎【31题详解】‎ 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“你可以看得出来，有人能和蒂姆说话他很激动，她真是个天使。”A. terrified恐惧的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. excited激动的；D. touched感动的。根据句意故选C。‎ ‎【32题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“你可以看得出来，有人能和蒂姆说话他很激动，她真是个天使。”A. angel天使；B. honor荣誉；C. sponsor赞助者；D. interpreter口译者。根据上文可知蒂姆非常激动有人能和他交谈，因此认为克拉拉是个天使。故选A。‎ ‎【33题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：库克的反应是:“这是我经历过的最棒的一次旅行。”A. recreation娱乐；B. relief减轻；C. reference参考；D. reaction反应。根据句意故选D。‎ ‎【34题详解】‎ 考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于惊奇，最好的事情就是学习一些东西。A. amazement惊异；B. equality平等；C. appreciation欣赏；D. freedom自由。根据句意故选A。‎ ‎【35题详解】‎ 考查动词词义辨析。句意：学习是唯一永不失败的事情。A. benefits有益于；B. discourages阻止；C. inspires鼓舞；D. fails失败。根据上文never可知学习是永不失败的事情。故选D。‎ 第三部分:阅读理解(共15小题:每小题2分，满分30分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑 A TRAIL SAFE! is a unique safety training program designed specifically for National Park Service (NPS) Trail Volunteers, but is useful to everyone! It’s based upon NPS Operational Leadership Training, where the human factor of safety is explored. TRAIL SAFE! captures (捕捉) the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.‎ The TRAIL SAFE! series includes eight video lessons, each ranging in length from 18 to 40 minutes long. Watch them over the course of multiple days, or “binge watch” the entire series in three hours—it’s up to you—but please watch them in order from Lesson 1 through Lesson 8. After viewing the lessons, send your training verification (验证) emails to register your participation. When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field. Thank you for helping to make Sleeping Bear Dunes one of the safest work environments for NPS Trail Volunteers like yourself.‎ Ready to start?‎ Click on this link to access all TRAIL SAFE! videos: https://www.nps.gov/iatr/trail-safe.htm If you require Audio Descriptive versions of TRAIL SAFE!, the link to those videos is also available on the Ice Age Trail site.‎ Record your participation In order to receive credits for your participation, please fill in your answers to the following questions and email to: Matthew_mohrmannps.gov.‎ ‎● Which video lesson did you just complete viewing?‎ ‎● Name of the Trail where you volunteer.‎ ‎● Your name and full mailing address, so we may send your course completion materials to you.‎ ‎● Names and addresses of others if you are viewing this lesson in a group setting.‎ ‎● Optional: Please let us know any comments or suggestions you have about this lesson.‎ Upon registering your completion for the entire eight lesson series, you’ll receive your TRAIL SAFE! pin and risk assessment card via mail.‎ ‎36. What is the aim of TRAIL SAFE!?‎ A. To develop volunteers’ operational leadership.‎ B. To urge everyone to explore safety factors.‎ C. To offer links to the websites for learning D. To advocate protection for wildlife.‎ ‎37. What should the participants do to get a SPE/GAR card?‎ A. Pass the risk assessment. B. Watch and register for all the series.‎ C. Answer all of the questions. D. Give some comments on the lessons.‎ ‎【答案】36. A 37. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了TRAIL SAFE!‎ ‎（轨道安全学习课程），是一个独特的安全列车专门为国家公务员服务的高铁志愿者设计的项目，但对每个人都有用，它基于核动力源运行领导理论，其中探索了人的安全因素。轨道安全学习系列包括八个视频课程，每节长度从18到40分钟不等。‎ ‎【36题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句TRAIL SAFE! captures the core learning objectives of the 16-hour Operational Leadership course while allowing volunteers to learn from their own homes online.（TRAIL SAFE!提供16小时的“营运领导”课程的核心学习目标，同时让义工在自己的家中进行网上学习。）可知TRAIL SAFE!的目的在于培养义工的业务领导能力。故选A。‎ ‎【37题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段When you have viewed and registered for all eight individual lessons, each participant will receive a TRAIL SAFE! pin and a SPE/GAR card in the mail for use in the field.（当你已经阅读并注册了全部八门课程后，每位参与者将会收到一封邮件，里面有一个TRAIL SAFE!别针和SPE/GAR卡，供你实地使用。）参加者应观看并注册所有系列才能得到一张SPE/GAR卡。故选B。‎ B In the classic marriage vow (誓约), couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife－not the husband－becomes seriously ill.‎ ‎“Married women diagnosed with a serious health condition may find themselves struggling with the impact of their disease while also experiencing the stress of divorce.” said researched Amelia Karraker.‎ Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham analyzed 20 years of data on 2,717 marriages from a study conducted by Indiana University since 1992. At the time of the first interview, at least one of the partners was over the age of 50.‎ The researchers examined how the onset (发生) of four serious physical illnesses affected marriages. They found that, overall, 31% of marriages ended in divorce over the period studied. The incidence of new chronic (慢性的) illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.‎ ‎“We found that women are doubly weak when their marriage breaks up in the face of illness,” Karraker said. “They’re more likely to be widowed, and if they’re the ones who become ill, they’re more likely to get divorced.”‎ While the study didn’t assess why divorce is more likely when wives but not husbands become seriously ill, Karraker offers a few possible reasons. “Gender roles and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses.” Karraker said. “And because of the imbalance in marriage markets, especially in older ages, divorced men have more choices among potential partners than divorced women.”‎ Given the increasing concern about health care costs for the aging population, Karraker believes policymakers should be aware of the relationship between disease and risk of divorce.‎ ‎“Offering support services to spouses caring for their other halves may reduce martial stress and prevent divorce at older ages.” she said. “But it’s also important to recognize that the pressure to divorce may be health-related and that sick ex-wives may need additional care and services to prevent worsening health and increased health costs.”‎ ‎38. What can we learn about marriage vows from the passage?‎ A. They can help couples get through hard times.‎ B. They are not taken seriously any more.‎ C. They are as binding as they used to be.‎ D. They may not guarantee a lasting marriage.‎ ‎39. What did Karraker and co-author Kenzie Latham find about elderly husbands?‎ A. They can develop different kinds of illness just like their wives.‎ B. They are more likely to get serious illness than their wives.‎ C. They are generally not good at taking care of themselves.‎ D. They are more likely to be divorced in the face of illness.‎ ‎40. Why is it more difficult for men to take care of their sick spouses according to Karraker?‎ A. They think it more urgent to take on their social role.‎ B. They find it much easier to find another partner.‎ C. They are more accustomed to receiving care.‎ D. They expect society to do more of the job.‎ ‎【答案】38. D 39. B 40. A ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。一项新的研究发现，当妻子(而不是丈夫)患重病时，老年夫妇离婚的风险会上升。同时Karraker和合著者Kenzie Latham对发现老年丈夫比他们的妻子更容易得重病。且男人照顾他们生病的配偶更困难，这是因为他们认为承担自己的社会角色更为紧迫。‎ ‎38题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段In the classic marriage vow, couples promise to stay together in sickness and in health. But a new study finds that the risk of divorce among older couples rises when the wife－not the husband－becomes seriously ill.（在经典的婚姻誓言中，夫妻承诺无论疾病还是健康都要在一起。但一项新的研究发现，当妻子(而不是丈夫)患重病时，老年夫妇离婚的风险会上升。）可知从这篇文章中我们可以了解到婚姻誓言可能不能保证长久的婚姻。故选D。‎ ‎【39题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句The incidence of new chronic illness onset increased over time as well, with more husbands than wives developing serious health problems.（随着时间的推移，新的慢性疾病的发病率也在增加，出现严重健康问题的丈夫多于妻子。）可知Karraker和合著者Kenzie Latham对发现老年丈夫比他们的妻子更容易得重病。故选B。‎ ‎【40题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“Gender roles and social expectations about caregiving may make it more difficult for men to provide care to sick spouses.” Karraker said.（“性别角色和社会对照顾的期望可能会让男性更难照顾生病的配偶。”Karraker说。）可知根据Karraker的说法，男人照顾他们生病的配偶更困难是因为他们认为承担自己的社会角色更为紧迫。故选A。‎ C The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some similarities to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something ‎ more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine cheered for the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?‎ Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate (赋予…生命) dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.‎ Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn’t even know it is neglecting you?‎ This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to understand how children feel. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say”, they don’t understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.‎ What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem ‎ (自尊). In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.‎ For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel”.‎ ‎41. How are the new social robots different from Siri?‎ A. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.‎ B. Their main function is to evaluate children’s personality.‎ C. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.‎ D. They are intended to teach children how to talk.‎ ‎42. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.‎ A. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children B. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings C. are unable to build a real relationship with children D. are deeply connected with human beings ‎43. The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.‎ A. fear B. pain C. emotion D. thinking ‎44. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?‎ I: Introduction P: Point S: Sub-point C: Conclusion A. B. C. D. ‎ ‎【答案】41. A 42. C 43. C 44. B ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。新型社交机器人包括Jibo、Cozmo、Kuri和Meccano m.a.x这些机器人与苹果(Apple)的Siri等助手有一些相似之处，但它们还有更多的功能。他们不是用他们的智慧，而是用他们的个性来赢得我们的支持。它们被当作伙伴出售，而不是和我们说话。一些人支持社交机器人，说机器人只是另一种我们可以与之建立关系的东西。而一些人反对社交机器人，认为会对孩子产生不良的影响。‎ ‎【41题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some similarities to assistants like Apple’s Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us.（新型社交机器人包括Jibo、Cozmo、Kuri和Meccano m.a.x这些机器人与苹果(Apple)的Siri等助手有一些相似之处，但它们还有更多的功能。他们不是用他们的智慧，而是用他们的个性来赢得我们的支持。它们被当作伙伴出售，而不是和我们说话。）可知新型社交机器人不同于Siri，它们有一种与人类交流的新方式。故选A。‎ ‎【42题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据第三段中Today’s robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery.（今天的机器人告诉孩子们，他们有情感、友谊，甚至梦想要分享。实际上，机器人的全部目标是情感上的欺骗。）接着文章举出Cozmo的例子是为了说明社交机器人无法与孩子建立真正的关系。故选C。‎ ‎【43题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文They have not been born, they don’t know pain, or death, or fear.可知社交机器人被描绘成同理心机器，但他们没有出生，他们不知道缺少痛苦、死亡或恐惧这情绪。可推测划线部分短语意思为“感情；情绪”。故选C。‎ ‎【44题详解】‎ 推理判断题。分析文章结构可知，第一段为引入段，引入文章话题。第二段提出Some researchers in favor of the robots don’t see a problem with this.（一些支持机器人的研究人员并不认为这有什么问题。）指出一部分人支持社交机器人的观点，为一个要点；第三段Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today’s robots ‎ tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery.（然而，迷恋洋娃娃和社交机器是不同的。今天的机器人告诉孩子们，他们有情感、友谊，甚至梦想要分享。实际上，机器人的全部目标是情感上的欺骗。）提出反对社交机器人的观点，为第二个要点；并指出反对社交机器人的原因是社交机器人并不能和孩子建立真正的关系，为第一个次要点；第四段中Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place.（然而，机器人没有情感可以分享，它们不能把自己放在我们的位置上。）提出第二个反对社交机器人的次要点：机器人没有人类的情感；第五段What is also troubling is that children take robots’ behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don’t work when needed, children also take it personally.（同样令人不安的是，孩子们把机器人的行为看作是感情的表现。当机器人与他们互动时，孩子们把这当作机器人喜欢他们的证据，当机器人在需要的时候不工作时，孩子们也会把这当成是针对他们的。）提出第三个反对机器人的次要点：孩子与社交机器人的关系会影响他们的自尊。最后第六段为总结段落。综上，故B选项显示了文章中思想的发展。故选B。‎ D The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups (初创公司) want in on the action. What they sometimes lack is feedback from the people who they hope will use their products. So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communication, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.‎ That’s what brought Dayle Rodriguez, 28, all the way from England to the dining room of Brookdale South Bay in Torrance, California. Rodriguez is the community and marketing manager for a company called Sentab. The startup’s product, Sentab TV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.‎ ‎“It’s nothing new, it’s nothing too complicated and it’s natural because lots of people have TV remotes.” says Rodriguez.‎ But none of that is the topic of conversation in the Brookdale dining room. Instead, Rodriguez solicits residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon. Playing cards was on the agenda, as well as learning to play mahjong(麻将).‎ Rodriguez says it’s important that residents here don’t feel like he’s selling them something. “I’ve had more feedback in a passive approach.” he says. “Playing pool, playing cards, having dinner, having lunch, all work better than going through a survey of questions. When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something—there’ll be more honest feedback from them.”‎ Rodriguez is just the seventh entrepreneur to move into one of Brookdale’s 1,100 senior living communities. Other new products in the program have included a kind of full-body blow dryer and specially designed clothing that allows people with disabilities to dress and undress themselves.‎ ‎“First and foremost, the residents love it.” says Smith. “It also provides Brookdale the opportunity to learn about and experience new technologies quickly and inexpensively and to make sure that we understand what residents want and need.”‎ Mary Lou Busch, 93, agreed to try the Sentab system. She tells Rodriguez that it might be good for someone, but not for her.‎ ‎“I have the computer and FaceTime, which I talk with my family on.” she explains. She also has an iPad and a smart phone. “So I do pretty much everything I need to do.”‎ Rodriguez takes it pretty well.‎ ‎“I’m not going to lie to you, I would’ve liked a more positive response.” he says. But “if people don’t need it or want it, it’s up to us to change, adapt it or make it more useful.”‎ To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic (害怕技术的) seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.‎ But Rodriguez says he’s still learning something important by moving into this ‎ Brookdale community: “People are more tech-skilled than we thought.”‎ And besides, where else would he learn to play mahjong?‎ ‎45. What does the passage say about the startups?‎ A. They want to have a share of the seniors’ goods market.‎ B. They try to profit from promoting digital products to seniors.‎ C. They invite seniors to their companies to try their products.‎ D. They never lose time in upgrading products for seniors.‎ ‎46. Some entrepreneurs have been invited to Brookdale to ______.‎ A. show senior residents how to use IT products B. have an interview with potential customers C. conduct a survey of retirement communities D. collect residents’ feedback on their products ‎47. What do we know about Sentab TV?‎ A. It is a digital TV which enjoys popularity among seniors.‎ B. It is a TV specially designed for seniors to view programs.‎ C. It is a communication system via TV instead of a computer.‎ D. It is a TV program catering to the interest of the elderly.‎ ‎48. Which of the following best explains “solicits” underlined in Paragraph 4?‎ A. rejects B. offers C. voices D. seeks ‎49. What does Rodriguez say is important in promoting products?‎ A. Knowing the likes and dislikes of customers.‎ B. Responding promptly to customer feedback.‎ C. Winning trust from potential customers.‎ D. Demonstrating their superiority on the spot.‎ ‎50. What do we learn about the seniors in the Brookdale community?‎ A. Most of them enjoy a longer life than average people.‎ B. They are quite at ease with high-tech products.‎ C. Most of them are interested in using the Sentab.‎ D. They have much in common with seniors elsewhere.‎ ‎【答案】45. A 46. D 47. C 48. D 49. C 50. B ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇说明文。到明年，专为老年人设计的产品的市场规模可能达到300亿美元，初创公司也想加入这一行列。他们有时缺乏的是希望使用他们产品的人的反馈。因此，美国最大的退休通讯公司Brookdale邀请了几位经过挑选的企业家入住几天，展示他们的产品，听听居民们的意见。这家初创公司的产品Sentab TV可以让那些不习惯使用电脑的老年人只用电视和遥控器就能访问电子邮件、视频聊天和社交媒体。‎ ‎【45题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段第一句The market for products designed specifically for older adults could reach $30 billion by next year, and startups want in on the action.（到明年，专为老年人设计的产品的市场规模可能达到300亿美元，初创公司也想加入这一行列。）可知这篇文章提到创业公司想在老年人用品市场上分一杯羹。故选A。‎ ‎【46题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句So Brookdale, the country’s largest owner of retirement communication, has been inviting a few select entrepreneurs just to move in for a few days, show off their products and hear what the residents have to say.（因此，美国最大的退休通讯公司Brookdale邀请了几位经过挑选的企业家入住几天，展示他们的产品，听听居民们的意见。）可知一些企业家被邀请到Brookdale来是为了收集居民对他们产品的反馈。故选D。‎ ‎【47题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句The startup’s product, Sentab TV, enables older adults who may not be comfortable with computers to access email, video chat and social media using just their televisions and a remote control.（这家初创公司的产品Sentab TV可以让那些可能不习惯使用电脑的老年人只用电视和遥控器就能访问电子邮件、视频聊天和社交媒体。）可知Sentab TV是一个通过电视而不是电脑进行交流的系统。故选C。‎ ‎【48题详解】‎ 词义猜测题。根据下文residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon.可知Rodriguez是在寻求关于他应该吃什么芝士汉堡以及他应该如何度过下午的建议。故可推测划线单词意思为“寻找；寻求”。故选D。‎ ‎【49题详解】‎ 细节理解题。根据第五段最后一句When they get to know me and to trust me, knowing for sure I’m not selling them something—there’ll be more honest feedback from them.（当他们了解我并信任我，确信我不会向他们推销什么东西时，他们会给出更诚实的反馈。）可知Rodriguez说赢得潜在客户的信任对推广产品很重要。故选C。‎ ‎【50题详解】‎ 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段To be fair, if Rodriguez had wanted feedback from some more technophobic seniors, he might have ended up in the wrong Brookdale community. This one is located in the heart of Southern California’s aerospace corridor. Many residents have backgrounds in engineering, business and academic circles.（公平地说，如果Rodriguez想要从一些更有技术恐惧症的老年人那里得到反馈，他可能会选择错误的Brookdale社区。这个位于南加州航空走廊的中心。许多居民都有工程、商业和学术界的背景。）可知关于Brookdale社区的老年人许多都有工程、商业和学术界的背景，因此他们可以轻松应对高科技产品。故选B。‎ ‎【点睛】词义猜测题做题技巧 关于词义猜测题做题技巧。词义猜测题是阅读理解中常见的一种题型，主要有对生词的词义猜测，熟词新义以及代词的猜测。其关键是根据上下文的逻辑关系，利用已掌握的信息，有必要的时候，借助生活或者文化常识，确定单词的词义。如第四题，根据下文residents’ advice on what he should get on his cheeseburger and how he should spend the afternoon.可知Rodriguez是在寻求关于他应该吃什么芝士汉堡以及他应该如何度过下午的建议。故可推测划线单词意思为“寻找；寻求”。故选D。‎ 第II卷(非选择题，共35分)‎ 第四部分:词汇检测(共5小题:每小题1分，满分5分)‎ 阅读下面各题，并根据首字母，写出下列各句空格处单词的正确形式，请将答案的完整形式写在答题卡相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。‎ ‎51. Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people f_____ options to exercise.‎ ‎52. The gold medal will be awarded to w_____ wins the first place in the bicycle race.‎ ‎53. Sam has just l_____ a post as manager assistant in this big company.‎ ‎54. Living every day to the full is the r_____ for happiness and a long life.‎ ‎55. In order to see what the weather is like right now, you m_____ have to look out ‎ of the window.‎ ‎【答案】51. flexible ‎ ‎52. whoever ‎ ‎53. landed 54. recipe ‎ ‎55. merely ‎【解析】‎ 考查单词拼写。‎ ‎【51题详解】‎ 考查形容词。句意：与传统健身房不同，app支持的健身房为人们提供了灵活的锻炼选择。option为名词需要形容词修饰，故填flexible“灵活的”。‎ ‎【52题详解】‎ 考查连接词。句意：谁在自行车比赛中得了第一名，谁就获得金牌。本句宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，表示“无论谁；任何人”，故填whoever。‎ ‎【53题详解】‎ 考查动词时态。句意：山姆刚得到这家大公司经理助理的职位。根据上文Sam has just可知为现在完成时，故填过去分词landed。‎ ‎【54题详解】‎ 考查名词。句意：充实地过好每一天是幸福和长寿的秘诀。根据上文the以及句意可知应填名词recipe“秘诀”。‎ ‎【55题详解】‎ 考查副词。句意：要想知道现在的天气怎么样，你只需要看看窗外。have to为动词短语需要副词修饰，故填merely“仅仅；只不过”。‎ 第五部分:任务型阅读(共10小题:每小题1分，满分10分)‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。‎ 请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。‎ 注意:每个空格只填1个单词。请将答案写在答题卷上相应题号的横线上。‎ Is Cash Becoming Outdated?‎ When he rolls into a gas station to fill his tank, Barkhad Dahir doesn’t get ‎ out of his car. He pushes a few buttons on his cellphone and within seconds he has paid for the fuel. With the same quick pushes on his phone, he pays for virtually everything he needs: groceries at the supermarket, a few oranges from a market stall, or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. Mr. Dahir boasts, “Even lying in bed, you can be paying your bills.”‎ Electronic payments offer consumers convenience, provide revenue for banks, credit card companies and payment processors, and offer merchants improved cash flow and convenience. “I don’t even carry money any more,” says Adan Abokor, a democracy activist. “I haven’t seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant, even hawker (小贩) on the street, accepts payment by cellphone. There’s no waiting for it and no counting of cash.”‎ The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN, and then entering the retailer’s payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment.‎ Clearing up cash payments has several advantages as well. The printing and handling of money is expensive. Cash payments can be anonymous and hard to track criminal activities to be conducted in secret. Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens. The Swedish government has been discussing the removing of cash since 2010.‎ However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off. Do they choose to barter (物物交换) and rob? Do they sit at home and wait? What happens to people who rely on their cellphones to process money dealings when cell service and the Internet are interrupted? A world affected by terrorism and increasingly violent weather may not yet be ready to abandon currency. “Ironically, the day after the largest bank in Norway, DNB, proposed ending all cash dealings, I went to my local grocery store and when I tried to pay by phone, I was told that I needed to go to the ATM to get cash because the system was broken.” said an interviewee.‎ Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks ‎ and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology. New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.‎ Is Cash Becoming Outdated?‎ An example of electronic payments Barkhad Dahir claims that he can get easy ___56___ to his own bank when paying for his fuel and necessities.‎ ‎___57___ of electronic payments ‎● They can ___58___ customers from waiting in line or counting the cash ‎● They are very ___59___, for both customers and merchants will receive text messages to confirm the payment.‎ ‎● They reduce the ___60___ of printing and handling money.‎ ‎● They make it ___61___ for the governments to keep track of the citizens’ cash activities.‎ Concerns of electronic payments ‎● Some people worry about the effective payment in case of a power ___62___.‎ ‎● Other people show their concerns about their own ___63___, for their money dealings can be monitored and made known.‎ ‎● Security and fraud risks may occur when electronic payments are in ___64___.‎ Conclusion Cash is not likely to ___65___ unless privacy, security and convenience are balanced and settled.‎ ‎【答案】56. access ‎ ‎57. Advantages/Benefits ‎ ‎58. save/free/spare ‎ ‎59. safe/secure ‎ ‎60. cost/expense ‎ ‎61. convenient/easy ‎ ‎62. failure/cut ‎ ‎63. privacy ‎ ‎64. use/effect/adoption ‎ ‎65. disappear/vanish ‎【解析】‎ 这是一篇议论文。本文主要向我们分析了电子支付的优点与缺点，最后得出结论，现金不可能被完全取代，除非隐私、安全和便利得到平衡和解决。‎ ‎【56题详解】‎ 根据第一段With the same quick pushes on his phone, he pays for virtually everything he needs: groceries at the supermarket, a few oranges from a market stall, or a cup of sweet milky tea from a café. Mr. Dahir boasts, “Even lying in bed, you can be paying your bills.”（同样快速地按一下手机，他几乎支付了所有他需要的东西:超市里的杂货，市场摊位上的几个橘子，或者咖啡馆里的一杯甜奶茶。Dahir先生自豪地说，“即使躺在床上，你也能付账单。”）可知Barkhad Dahir声称，当他支付燃料和必需品时，他可以很容易地进入自己的银行。短语get access to“进入；使用”。故填access。‎ ‎【57题详解】‎ 根据表格右栏的内容可知是在叙述电子支付的优点，故填Advantages/Benefits。‎ ‎【58题详解】‎ 根据第二段最后一句says Adan Abokor, a democracy activist. “I haven’t seen cash for a long time. Almost every merchant, even hawker on the street, accepts payment by cellphone. There’s no waiting for it and no counting of cash.”（民主活动人士Adan Abokor说。“我很长时间没看到现金了。几乎每一个商人，甚至街头小贩，都接受手机支付。不用等，也不用数钱。”）可知点至支付可以省去顾客排队或数现金的麻烦。故填save/free/spare。‎ ‎【59题详解】‎ 根据第三段内容The system is impressively simple and secure. Purchases are made by dialing a three-digit number, entering a four-digit PIN, and then entering the retailer’s payment number and the amount of money. Both customers and merchants receive text messages to confirm the payment.‎ ‎（该系统极其简单和安全。购物是通过拨打一个三位数的号码，输入一个四位数的个人识别码，然后输入零售商的付款号码和金额。客户和商家都会收到确认付款的短信。）可知电子支付非常安全，因为客户和商家都会收到确认付款的短信。故填safe/secure。‎ ‎【60题详解】‎ 根据第四段第二句The printing and handling of money is expensive.（印刷和处理货币是昂贵的。）可知电子支付减少印刷和处理金钱的费用。故填cost/expense。‎ ‎61题详解】‎ 根据第四段中Many governments favor reducing cash dealings in order to better monitor and understand the activities of their citizens.（许多政府赞成减少现金交易，以便更好地监测和了解其公民的活动。）可知电子支付使政府很容易跟踪公民的现金活动。故填easy/convenient。‎ ‎【62题详解】‎ 根据第五段第一句However, some people doubt what members of a cashless society do when the power goes off.（然而，一些人怀疑无现金社会的成员在断电时会做些什么。）可知有些人担心停电时的有效支付。故填failure/cut。‎ ‎【63题详解】‎ 根据最后一段Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology.（其他人则担心电子支付可能会带来安全和欺诈风险，使交易能够被跟踪和报告。隐私、安全和便利性都是采用电子支付技术的重要因素。）可知另一些人则表现出对自己隐私的担忧，因为他们的金钱交易可以被监控并公之于众。故填privacy。‎ ‎【64题详解】‎ 根据最后一段Other people fear that electronic payments may create security and fraud risks and enable dealings to be tracked and reported. Privacy, security and convenience are all important factors in the adoption of electronic payment technology.（其他人则担心电子支付可能会带来安全和欺诈风险，使交易能够被跟踪和报告。隐私、安全和便利性都是采用电子支付技术的重要因素。）可知当使用电子支付时，可能会出现安全和欺诈风险。故填use/effect/adoption。‎ ‎【65题详解】‎ 根据最后一句New technologies which balance and address these factors may enable people to remove cash.（平衡和解决这些因素的新技术可能使人们能够取消现金。）可知除非隐私、安全和便利得到平衡和解决，否则现金不太可能消失。故填disappear/vanish。‎ 第六部分:书面表达(满分20分)‎ ‎66.请阅读下面短文，并按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的文章。‎ On Sina Weibo, the issue of trash sorting in Shanghai has attracted more than 50,000 posts and 70 million views, but enforcement of the regulation has sparked mixed feelings among the public.‎ Some people praised Shanghai for being a role model to solve the trash problem, while others complained about the inconvenience the regulation had brought to their daily lives, and made jokes about sorting their trash.‎ One of the most popular jokes goes, “Think about pigs before sorting your trash—things pigs can eat go to kitchen waste, things pigs don’t eat are residual waste, things pigs might die from while eating them are risky, and things that can be sold for money to buy a pig belong to recyclables.”‎ Xiao Guiyu, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Shanghai Municipal People’s Congress, said, “Although it’s a joke, it sums up the principle of trash sorting in a simple way that everyone can understand.” As for the complaints about inconvenience, the legislator stressed that the new regulation is a law, and just like traffic regulations, people have to learn to obey it as long as they live in Shanghai.‎ ‎【写作内容】‎ ‎1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；‎ ‎2. 简要说明“垃圾分类”活动的必要性(至少两点)；‎ ‎3. 简要分析“垃圾分类”活动可能面临的困难，并提出你的建议。‎ ‎【写作要求】‎ ‎1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；‎ ‎2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；‎ ‎3. 不必写标题。‎ ‎【评分标准】‎ 内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。‎ 注意:作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。‎ ‎_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________‎ ‎【答案】Trash sorting nowadays is receiving mixed opinions with some people applauding it while others dismissing it as inconvenient. Nevertheless, however unaccustomed people may feel, they must observe the new regulation.‎ I hold it firm that the value of trash sorting can’t be over-emphasized, and its advantages are as follows. To begin with, it is environmentally-friendly in that it will reduce the land occupation used to bury garbage. Moreover, it is economically-beneficial, for it will not only save the cost of processing garbage, it will also enable the reuse of the recyclable.‎ Significant as trash sorting is, people’s confusion about the categories of trash sometimes discourages their willingness to do it. Accordingly, a series of campaigns should be in place to help people build up a strong awareness of the necessity and understand how to categorize trash.‎ In a word, trash sorting is a worthwhile course which will benefit future generations.‎ ‎【解析】‎ ‎【分析】‎ 这是一篇读写任务类型写作。‎ ‎【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，本篇为一篇说明文；写作要求：1. 用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2. 简要说明“垃圾分类”活动的必要性(至少两点)；3. 简要分析“垃圾分类”活动可能面临的困难，并提出你的建议。‎ 第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组），如：trash sorting（垃圾分类），applaud（赞同；称赞），dismiss（反对；不理会）；unaccustomed（不习惯）；land occupation（土地占用）；‎ recyclable（可回收利用的）等。‎ 第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。‎ 第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。‎ ‎【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如Trash sorting nowadays is receiving mixed opinions with some people applauding it while others dismissing it as inconvenient.运用了while表示前后对比；To begin with, it is environmentally-friendly in that it will reduce the land occupation used to bury garbage.运用了原因状语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。‎